This document provides a review of basic grammar concepts including parts of speech (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) and sentence structures (complete sentences, fragments, dependent clauses, compound sentences, complex sentences, and run-on sentences). Examples are given for each concept to illustrate proper grammar rules. The document quizzes the reader with examples to identify different sentence types.

1. Sentence Structure Review

2. Do you know nouns? Noun = a word that names a person, place, or thing Noun = can be detected with 5 senses Person Place Thing teacher school pencil boy house dog doctor hospital medicine

3. Do you know verbs? Verb = a word that names an action or state of being Action State of Being write am draw is read are run was sing were

4. Do you know adjectives? Adjective = a word that describes (gives more information about) a noun serious humorous resourceful caring generous self-confident creative independent studious intelligent friendly hard-working responsible helpful happy calm gentle neat cooperative ambitious curious determined energetic thoughtful

5. Do you know adverbs? Adverb = a word or phrase that gives more information about the verb Adverbs Adverb Phrases (how or how often?) (when or where?) slowly to the store calmly after school really during tutorials always for an hour fast in May

6. Do you know subjects? Subject = part of a sentence that tells who or what the sentence is about (Who is? Who did something?) Subject = noun + adjectives The happy girl I/We An angry cat She/ He/ It Coach Castro They My parents You

7. Do you know predicates? Predicate = part of a sentence that tells what the subject does or is (What happened?) Predicate = verb + adverbs + more nouns & adjectives Went to the store. Moved to Manila last week. Is a very happy child. Wants to eat some ice cream with chocolate sauce.

8. ✗ Not a Sentence ✓ Correct Sentence Fragment Run-on Dependent Clause Complete Sentence Compound Sentence Complex Sentence

9. Do you know complete sentences? Capitalization – starts with a capital letter End punctuation – period/ full stop . ? ! Has a subject & a predicate Expresses a complete thought I slept. She is hungry. He doesn’t want to do his homework. ✓

10. Do you know fragments? A fragment is not a complete sentence . A fragment usually is missing the subject or the predicate. The best pizza in New York City. Walking in the park one day after school. Or, it could look like a sentence but have a conjunction added, which makes it a dependent clause. When I saw the most beautiful animal ever. ✗

11. Do you know compound sentences? A compound sentence is when you put two sentences together correctly into one sentence with the proper connector. Subject + Predicate + Connector + Subject + Predicate Two options: a comma + a conjunction The house caught on fire , so the cat ran away. a semi-colon The house caught on fire ; the cat ran away. ✓

12. Do you know run-ons? A run-on is when you have two sentences put together incorrectly into one sentence. Something important is missing - proper punctuation or connector! Subject + Predicate + Subject + Predicate It was raining I rode in a taxi. There was a lot of traffic , I was late to school. ✗

13. Do you know run-ons? A run-on is not a correct sentence! Fix a run-on! Insert a period + a capital letter. The house caught on fire the cat ran away. The house caught on fire . T he cat ran away.

14. Do you know dependent clauses? A dependent clause is not a correct sentence . A dependent clause is one complete sentence with a conjunction added . Conjunction + Subject + Predicate When I am older. Because I like chocolate. After I woke up. ✗

15. Do you know dependent clauses? Signs of a dependent clause (conjunctions): When Because But Although Though After As Since If

16. Do you know complex sentences? A complex sentence is when you put a complete sentence together correctly with a dependent clause . Conjunction + Subject + Predicate + comma + Subject + Predicate When I saw my test score , I jumped with joy. If you study , you can get a good grade. Because I ate too much , I have a stomachache. ✓

17. ✗ Not a Sentence ✓ Correct Sentence Fragment Run-on Dependent Clause Complete Sentence Compound Sentence Complex Sentence

18. Is it a sentence? The big, strong, hairy monster. What is it?

19. Is it a sentence? The big, strong, hairy monster. ✗ No! It’s a fragment.

20. Is it a sentence? When I am sixteen years old. What is it?

21. Is it a sentence? When I am sixteen years old. ✗ No! It’s a dependent clause.

22. Is it a sentence? The girl likes mangoes. What is it?

23. Is it a sentence? The girl likes mangoes. ✓ Yes! It’s a complete sentence.

24. Is it a sentence? I’m not hungry I won’t eat anything for lunch today. What is it?

25. Is it a sentence? I’m not hungry I won’t eat anything for lunch today. ✗ No! It’s a run-on.

26. Is it a sentence? Because I like to read so much, I will take five books with me on vacation. What is it?

27. Is it a sentence? Because I like to read so much, I will take five books with me on vacation. ✓ Yes! It’s a complex sentence.

28. Is it a sentence? Tomorrow, I will go to the mall, but I won’t buy anything. What is it?

29. Is it a sentence? Tomorrow, I will go to the mall, but I won’t buy anything. ✓ Yes! It’s a compound sentence.

30. ✗ Not a Sentence ✓ Correct Sentence Fragment Run-on Dependent Clause Complete Sentence Compound Sentence Complex Sentence

31. Good Luck on Your Test! If you still have questions, ASK!