Sellar mass and ovarian mass
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•149 views
sellar masses and ovarian masses differential, an approach by Dr. Anil jangir MD radiodiagnosis , jodhpur Rajasthan
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Posterior Mediastinal Lesions : A Short Review
This document discusses posterior mediastinal lesions. It begins by defining the posterior mediastinum and noting that it most commonly contains neurogenic tumors in children and lymphomas or thymomas in adults. Neurogenic tumors are further discussed, including that they originate from neural crest cells and can be benign such as neurofibromas or malignant like neurosarcomas. Specific neurogenic tumors from intercostal nerves or the sympathetic ganglia are described. The document provides details on diagnostic imaging and biopsy of posterior mediastinal lesions and summarizes management approaches.
mediastinal tumors investigations
This document discusses the diagnostic workup for mediastinal tumors. It begins by describing the different types of tumors that can occur in the anterior, middle, and posterior mediastinum. Signs and symptoms are non-specific but may include cough, chest pain, and weight loss. Chest x-ray is often the initial test, while CT scan provides more detail on location and tissue characteristics. MRI and nuclear imaging can further characterize masses. Tissue sampling methods include needle biopsy, mediastinoscopy, and thoracoscopy. Surgical procedures like mediastinotomy or thoracotomy may be needed in some cases. Laboratory tests help identify certain tumor types. A multidisciplinary approach is typically needed for diagnosis and treatment planning of
Mediastinal lesions final
This document outlines an approach to evaluating mediastinal pathology using radiological imaging. It begins with definitions of the mediastinum and schemes for dividing it anatomically. It then describes how to approach lesions based on their location in the anterior, middle, or posterior mediastinum. Common pathologies are discussed for each division, including lymphadenopathy, thymomas, cysts, and vascular lesions. Radiological investigations like chest x-rays, CT, MRI, and biopsies are outlined. Specific conditions such as retrosternal goiters, germ cell tumors, lipomatosis, and hernias are also summarized.
Mediastinal Mass
Mediastinal masses can occur in the anterior, middle, or posterior mediastinum. Common anterior mediastinal masses include thymoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and thyroid tumors. Middle mediastinal masses may include bronchogenic cysts or enlarged thyroid tumors. Posterior mediastinal masses are often neurogenic tumors, esophageal tumors, or hiatal hernias. Imaging with CT scan and biopsy are used to identify mass characteristics and guide management, which could include surgical excision or biopsy depending on the suspected malignancy risk. Complications of mediastinal mass surgery include increased risks of morbidity due to potential airway obstruction.
Thoracic neuroblastoma - imaging findings
Summary of imaging findings in thoracic neuroblastoma.
From Diagnostic Imaging: Pediatrics, 3rd edition, 2017 and Radiopaedia.
Radiological features of intracranial tumors 1
1) Wilhelm Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895 and Arthur Schiiller studied skull X-rays systematically, establishing neuroradiology. 2) Advances like ventriculography and cerebral angiography in the early 20th century allowed visualization of the brain. 3) Magnetic resonance imaging was developed in the 1940s-1980s and became the preferred method for evaluating brain tumors due to its superior soft tissue contrast compared to CT.
Mediastinal tumors
The document discusses mediastinal tumors, which are masses or growths located in the mediastinum, the area within the chest between the lungs. It describes the different types of tumors that can occur in the various sections of the mediastinum and their causes. It also outlines some common symptoms, diagnostic tests, treatment options, and prognosis for different mediastinal tumors.
Presentation2, radiological imaging of intra cranial meningioma.
This document discusses radiological imaging of intracranial meningiomas. Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumors and are usually benign. They are most common in older adults and occur more often in women. Imaging plays an important role in diagnosing meningiomas. On CT scans, meningiomas often appear slightly denser than brain tissue and enhance with contrast. On MRI, they typically appear similar to brain tissue on T1-weighted images and enhance strongly with contrast, while showing variable signals on T2-weighted images depending on the tumor's composition. Angiography can help identify the tumor's blood supply prior to surgical resection. Together, different imaging modalities help characterize mening
Recommended
Posterior Mediastinal Lesions : A Short Review
This document discusses posterior mediastinal lesions. It begins by defining the posterior mediastinum and noting that it most commonly contains neurogenic tumors in children and lymphomas or thymomas in adults. Neurogenic tumors are further discussed, including that they originate from neural crest cells and can be benign such as neurofibromas or malignant like neurosarcomas. Specific neurogenic tumors from intercostal nerves or the sympathetic ganglia are described. The document provides details on diagnostic imaging and biopsy of posterior mediastinal lesions and summarizes management approaches.
mediastinal tumors investigations
This document discusses the diagnostic workup for mediastinal tumors. It begins by describing the different types of tumors that can occur in the anterior, middle, and posterior mediastinum. Signs and symptoms are non-specific but may include cough, chest pain, and weight loss. Chest x-ray is often the initial test, while CT scan provides more detail on location and tissue characteristics. MRI and nuclear imaging can further characterize masses. Tissue sampling methods include needle biopsy, mediastinoscopy, and thoracoscopy. Surgical procedures like mediastinotomy or thoracotomy may be needed in some cases. Laboratory tests help identify certain tumor types. A multidisciplinary approach is typically needed for diagnosis and treatment planning of
Mediastinal lesions final
This document outlines an approach to evaluating mediastinal pathology using radiological imaging. It begins with definitions of the mediastinum and schemes for dividing it anatomically. It then describes how to approach lesions based on their location in the anterior, middle, or posterior mediastinum. Common pathologies are discussed for each division, including lymphadenopathy, thymomas, cysts, and vascular lesions. Radiological investigations like chest x-rays, CT, MRI, and biopsies are outlined. Specific conditions such as retrosternal goiters, germ cell tumors, lipomatosis, and hernias are also summarized.
Mediastinal Mass
Mediastinal masses can occur in the anterior, middle, or posterior mediastinum. Common anterior mediastinal masses include thymoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and thyroid tumors. Middle mediastinal masses may include bronchogenic cysts or enlarged thyroid tumors. Posterior mediastinal masses are often neurogenic tumors, esophageal tumors, or hiatal hernias. Imaging with CT scan and biopsy are used to identify mass characteristics and guide management, which could include surgical excision or biopsy depending on the suspected malignancy risk. Complications of mediastinal mass surgery include increased risks of morbidity due to potential airway obstruction.
Thoracic neuroblastoma - imaging findings
Summary of imaging findings in thoracic neuroblastoma.
From Diagnostic Imaging: Pediatrics, 3rd edition, 2017 and Radiopaedia.
Radiological features of intracranial tumors 1
1) Wilhelm Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895 and Arthur Schiiller studied skull X-rays systematically, establishing neuroradiology. 2) Advances like ventriculography and cerebral angiography in the early 20th century allowed visualization of the brain. 3) Magnetic resonance imaging was developed in the 1940s-1980s and became the preferred method for evaluating brain tumors due to its superior soft tissue contrast compared to CT.
Mediastinal tumors
The document discusses mediastinal tumors, which are masses or growths located in the mediastinum, the area within the chest between the lungs. It describes the different types of tumors that can occur in the various sections of the mediastinum and their causes. It also outlines some common symptoms, diagnostic tests, treatment options, and prognosis for different mediastinal tumors.
Presentation2, radiological imaging of intra cranial meningioma.
This document discusses radiological imaging of intracranial meningiomas. Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumors and are usually benign. They are most common in older adults and occur more often in women. Imaging plays an important role in diagnosing meningiomas. On CT scans, meningiomas often appear slightly denser than brain tissue and enhance with contrast. On MRI, they typically appear similar to brain tissue on T1-weighted images and enhance strongly with contrast, while showing variable signals on T2-weighted images depending on the tumor's composition. Angiography can help identify the tumor's blood supply prior to surgical resection. Together, different imaging modalities help characterize mening
Pleomorphic Adenomas of the Salivary Glands
Published widely in peer-reviewed journals, Gul Moonis, MD, of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center has studied radiographic traits of numerous cancers and other conditions. In 2007, the American Journal of Neuroradiology presented Dr. Gul Moonis' and colleagues' work on imaging signs of recurrent parotid gland pleomorphic adenoma .
Primary CNS lymphoma
Primary CNS lymphoma most commonly presents as enhancing lesions in the supratentorial white matter and deep gray nuclei. On imaging, it appears hyperdense on non-contrast CT and shows strong homogeneous enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT and MRI in immunocompetent patients. In immunocompromised patients, it may enhance peripherally with central necrosis. Restricted diffusion is also seen. Medulloblastoma appears as a hyperdense mass in the fourth ventricle, commonly with hydrocephalus. It enhances strongly and heterogeneously on contrast. Germinoma presents as a lobulated pineal or suprasellar mass that engulfs or drapes around the pineal gland. It shows avid homogeneous enhancement with
Pathology of mediastinal masses
The document discusses pathology of mediastinal tumors. It begins with anatomy of the mediastinum and its compartments. Common tumor types in each compartment are then described, including thymomas, thymic carcinomas, germ cell tumors, neurogenic tumors, and lymphomas. Key features of thymomas such as classification, staging, and treatment approaches are summarized in depth. The document provides an overview of mediastinal tumor pathology.
Mediastinal syndrome
Mediastinal masses can cause compression of mediastinal structures and symptoms known as mediastinal syndrome. 33% of masses occur in patients under 15 years old. Small masses may be asymptomatic while large masses usually cause respiratory distress. The document discusses the anatomy and contents of the mediastinum and various masses that can occur in the anterior, middle, and posterior compartments including thymoma, teratoma, lymphoma, germ cell tumors, neurogenic tumors, and others. Clinical presentation depends on the size and location of the mass and can include symptoms of tracheal, esophageal, or vascular compression. Diagnostic evaluation involves imaging like CT and biopsy when needed.
Pineal region masses
This document summarizes various pathologies that can present as pineal region masses. It describes signs and symptoms such as Parinaud syndrome, precocious puberty, and hydrocephalus. It then discusses tumors of pineal parenchymal origin including pineocytoma, pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation, and pineoblastoma. It also covers germ cell tumors, pineal cysts, astrocytoma, meningioma, and metastasis that can occur in the pineal region. Imaging findings for each condition are provided with examples.
Pineal gland tumors
The document discusses tumors of the pineal gland. It begins by describing the location and structure of the pineal gland. Pineal region tumors constitute a small percentage of intracranial tumors but are clinically important due to their location. Symptoms include increased intracranial pressure, headaches, nausea, and visual problems. The document then discusses the different types of pineal tumors and how they appear on various imaging modalities like MRI, CT, and radiography. Common tumors mentioned are germinomas, pineoblastomas, pineocytomas, and pineal cysts. MRI is the preferred imaging method for delineating pineal masses and distinguishing true pineal tumors from parapineal masses.
Mediastinal Pathology Compartmental Approach
This document discusses mediastinal pathology using a compartmental approach. It describes the anatomy of the mediastinum and divides it into anterior, middle, and posterior compartments. Each compartment contains different structures and has a characteristic distribution of lesions. For example, 50% of lesions occur in the anterior compartment, which contains the thymus. The thymus is the most common site of lesions in the anterior compartment. Thymomas are the most common epithelial tumors of the thymus and mediastinum.
spine metastasis
This document discusses spine metastasis, which most commonly originates from the breast, lung, prostate, thyroid, or skin cancers. The spine is the most common site of bone metastasis. Metastasis can spread to the spine through the bloodstream or directly from nearby tumors. Common symptoms are pain and neurological problems. Investigations include blood tests, x-rays, CT scans, MRI, bone scans, and biopsy. Treatment decisions consider the type of primary cancer, neurological involvement, spinal stability, systemic disease burden, and performance status. Options are medical management, radiation therapy, surgery, or a combination. Prognostic scoring systems help guide treatment choices.
Pathology of Testes tumours
Testes tumors are commonly seen in young males and present as painless swelling. The majority are germ cell tumors, with seminomas comprising 45% and non-seminomas 45%. Seminomas typically occur in adults aged 20-40 and have a good prognosis, while non-seminomas have a poorer prognosis and can include embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, and choriocarcinoma. Clinical features and tumor markers help distinguish between tumor types.
Thyroid neoplasms
1) The main types of thyroid neoplasms are benign follicular adenomas and malignant carcinomas including papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic.
2) Papillary carcinoma is the most common thyroid cancer, often occurring in adults and females, and is driven by genetic mutations. It spreads via lymphatic invasion and has characteristic nuclear features.
3) Follicular carcinoma is the second most common thyroid cancer, spreading through vascular invasion. Medullary carcinoma originates from parafollicular C cells and secretes calcitonin, making serum calcitonin levels important for diagnosis and monitoring.
Meningioma falcine and parasagittal
1. Falcine and parasagittal meningiomas arise from the falx cerebri and superior sagittal sinus respectively. They are classified based on their location and involvement of surrounding structures like the sinus.
2. Preoperative evaluation focuses on assessing the tumor's relationship to the superior sagittal sinus and collateral vein development, the extent of bone involvement, and presence of edema or brain invasion.
3. Treatment decisions depend on factors like symptoms, tumor growth rate, age and location. Observation may be appropriate for asymptomatic or slowly growing tumors while surgical resection is indicated if the tumor is symptomatic or growing rapidly.
Brain Tumours
This document discusses different types of brain tumors found in children. It describes the four main types - astrocytoma, ependymoma, PNET, and craniopharyngioma. Astrocytomas and ependymomas are classified as low or high grade depending on their tendency to spread, growth rate, and similarity to normal cells. PNET tumors are highly malignant and difficult to treat. Craniopharyngiomas are usually benign cystic tumors involving the third ventricle and optic nerve. Symptoms vary depending on the location of the tumor in the brain or spinal cord and can include headaches, vomiting, seizures, weakness, and sensory or motor problems.
Retroperiton masses
The retroperitoneal space contains lymphatics, connective tissue, and organs like the pancreas and kidneys. Retroperitoneal masses can be malignant tumors like lymphoma or sarcoma, or benign lesions such as lipoma or schwannoma. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are used to characterize the masses, and biopsy may help with diagnosis. Surgical resection is the primary treatment for retroperitoneal sarcoma and other localized tumors, while chemotherapy or radiation may help with advanced or unresectable cases.
Hemangiopericytoma
Hemangiopericytoma is a rare vascular tumor that can arise in the head and neck region. It typically presents as a slow-growing painless mass in people aged 50-60 years old. Diagnosis is made through biopsy and imaging, showing a hypervascular solid mass. Treatment involves wide local surgical excision, with some cases requiring pre-operative embolization. While hemangiopericytomas are considered radioresistant, radiation therapy may be used for residual or metastatic disease. Prognosis can vary but overall survival rates are high despite potential for local recurrence and distant metastasis. Careful long-term follow up is important given the unpredictable nature of these tumors.
Mediastinal tumours
The document provides information on tumors and masses located in the mediastinum. It begins with an overview of the anatomy of the mediastinum and then describes the various pathologies that can occur in each compartment, including the most common tumor types seen in children and adults. For some of the major tumor types such as thymomas, neurogenic tumors, and germ cell tumors, it provides details on characteristics, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment approaches. The document emphasizes that surgical resection is the main treatment for most mediastinal masses but chemotherapy and/or radiation are also used as adjuvant therapies for malignant tumors.
Presentation2.pptx , intra ventricular tumour and intra-cranial cyst
This document discusses various types of intraventricular tumors and other lesions. It describes tumors that originate from the ventricular walls, septum pellucidum, and choroid plexus, including ependymoma, subependymoma, central neurocytoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, choroid plexus papilloma, choroid plexus carcinoma, and meningioma. It also discusses other intraventricular lesions like metastasis, colloid cysts, neurocysticercosis, hydatid cyst, and tuberculoma. Specific examples are provided with images of subependymoma, central neurocytoma, subependymal giant cell astro
Case of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and other pancreatic tumors
Case of pancreatic carcinoma and other pancretaic tumors
Dr Alekya katamreddy DMRD, resident sec DNB. JAYPEE HOSPITAL
Retroperitoneal mass
The document discusses retroperitoneal anatomy and various etiologies of retroperitoneal masses including both neoplastic and non-neoplastic causes. It describes the clinical presentation of retroperitoneal masses as often asymptomatic initially, with later development of compressive symptoms. A variety of investigations are outlined to evaluate retroperitoneal masses including blood tests, imaging modalities, and biopsy. Common retroperitoneal masses discussed in more detail include retroperitoneal sarcoma, lymphoma, teratoma, hematoma, urinoma, and retroperitoneal fibrosis.
Brain tumours part 3
Three grades of tumours are recognized:
(1) pineocytoma, the most common of all pineal parenchymal tumors
(2) pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation
(3) pineoblastoma, the rarest but most malignant parenchymal cell tumor
Primary mediastinal liposarcoma of the superior, middle, and anterior mediast...
Primary mediastinal liposarcoma of the superior, middle, and anterior mediast...Mary Ondinee Manalo Igot
Primary mediastinal liposarcoma of the superior, middle, and anterior mediastinum
https://www.actamedicaphilippina.org/issue/1102cns tumors and differentiation by imaging modalities .pptx
Cns tumors and their differentiation based on imaging modalities
Glomus Tumours
Glomus tumours, also known as paragangliomas or chemodectomas, are rare benign tumours that arise from parasympathetic nerve tissue. They most commonly occur in the middle ear (glomus tympanicum), jugular bulb (glomus jugulare), or vagus nerve in the neck (glomus vagale). Presenting symptoms depend on location but often include pulsatile tinnitus and conductive hearing loss. Diagnosis involves imaging such as CT or MRI to determine size and involvement of structures. Surgical resection is the main treatment, with preoperative embolization for larger tumours, while radiotherapy may be used for inoperable or residual cases.
More Related Content
What's hot
Pleomorphic Adenomas of the Salivary Glands
Published widely in peer-reviewed journals, Gul Moonis, MD, of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center has studied radiographic traits of numerous cancers and other conditions. In 2007, the American Journal of Neuroradiology presented Dr. Gul Moonis' and colleagues' work on imaging signs of recurrent parotid gland pleomorphic adenoma .
Primary CNS lymphoma
Primary CNS lymphoma most commonly presents as enhancing lesions in the supratentorial white matter and deep gray nuclei. On imaging, it appears hyperdense on non-contrast CT and shows strong homogeneous enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT and MRI in immunocompetent patients. In immunocompromised patients, it may enhance peripherally with central necrosis. Restricted diffusion is also seen. Medulloblastoma appears as a hyperdense mass in the fourth ventricle, commonly with hydrocephalus. It enhances strongly and heterogeneously on contrast. Germinoma presents as a lobulated pineal or suprasellar mass that engulfs or drapes around the pineal gland. It shows avid homogeneous enhancement with
Pathology of mediastinal masses
The document discusses pathology of mediastinal tumors. It begins with anatomy of the mediastinum and its compartments. Common tumor types in each compartment are then described, including thymomas, thymic carcinomas, germ cell tumors, neurogenic tumors, and lymphomas. Key features of thymomas such as classification, staging, and treatment approaches are summarized in depth. The document provides an overview of mediastinal tumor pathology.
Mediastinal syndrome
Mediastinal masses can cause compression of mediastinal structures and symptoms known as mediastinal syndrome. 33% of masses occur in patients under 15 years old. Small masses may be asymptomatic while large masses usually cause respiratory distress. The document discusses the anatomy and contents of the mediastinum and various masses that can occur in the anterior, middle, and posterior compartments including thymoma, teratoma, lymphoma, germ cell tumors, neurogenic tumors, and others. Clinical presentation depends on the size and location of the mass and can include symptoms of tracheal, esophageal, or vascular compression. Diagnostic evaluation involves imaging like CT and biopsy when needed.
Pineal region masses
This document summarizes various pathologies that can present as pineal region masses. It describes signs and symptoms such as Parinaud syndrome, precocious puberty, and hydrocephalus. It then discusses tumors of pineal parenchymal origin including pineocytoma, pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation, and pineoblastoma. It also covers germ cell tumors, pineal cysts, astrocytoma, meningioma, and metastasis that can occur in the pineal region. Imaging findings for each condition are provided with examples.
Pineal gland tumors
The document discusses tumors of the pineal gland. It begins by describing the location and structure of the pineal gland. Pineal region tumors constitute a small percentage of intracranial tumors but are clinically important due to their location. Symptoms include increased intracranial pressure, headaches, nausea, and visual problems. The document then discusses the different types of pineal tumors and how they appear on various imaging modalities like MRI, CT, and radiography. Common tumors mentioned are germinomas, pineoblastomas, pineocytomas, and pineal cysts. MRI is the preferred imaging method for delineating pineal masses and distinguishing true pineal tumors from parapineal masses.
Mediastinal Pathology Compartmental Approach
This document discusses mediastinal pathology using a compartmental approach. It describes the anatomy of the mediastinum and divides it into anterior, middle, and posterior compartments. Each compartment contains different structures and has a characteristic distribution of lesions. For example, 50% of lesions occur in the anterior compartment, which contains the thymus. The thymus is the most common site of lesions in the anterior compartment. Thymomas are the most common epithelial tumors of the thymus and mediastinum.
spine metastasis
This document discusses spine metastasis, which most commonly originates from the breast, lung, prostate, thyroid, or skin cancers. The spine is the most common site of bone metastasis. Metastasis can spread to the spine through the bloodstream or directly from nearby tumors. Common symptoms are pain and neurological problems. Investigations include blood tests, x-rays, CT scans, MRI, bone scans, and biopsy. Treatment decisions consider the type of primary cancer, neurological involvement, spinal stability, systemic disease burden, and performance status. Options are medical management, radiation therapy, surgery, or a combination. Prognostic scoring systems help guide treatment choices.
Pathology of Testes tumours
Testes tumors are commonly seen in young males and present as painless swelling. The majority are germ cell tumors, with seminomas comprising 45% and non-seminomas 45%. Seminomas typically occur in adults aged 20-40 and have a good prognosis, while non-seminomas have a poorer prognosis and can include embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, and choriocarcinoma. Clinical features and tumor markers help distinguish between tumor types.
Thyroid neoplasms
1) The main types of thyroid neoplasms are benign follicular adenomas and malignant carcinomas including papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic.
2) Papillary carcinoma is the most common thyroid cancer, often occurring in adults and females, and is driven by genetic mutations. It spreads via lymphatic invasion and has characteristic nuclear features.
3) Follicular carcinoma is the second most common thyroid cancer, spreading through vascular invasion. Medullary carcinoma originates from parafollicular C cells and secretes calcitonin, making serum calcitonin levels important for diagnosis and monitoring.
Meningioma falcine and parasagittal
1. Falcine and parasagittal meningiomas arise from the falx cerebri and superior sagittal sinus respectively. They are classified based on their location and involvement of surrounding structures like the sinus.
2. Preoperative evaluation focuses on assessing the tumor's relationship to the superior sagittal sinus and collateral vein development, the extent of bone involvement, and presence of edema or brain invasion.
3. Treatment decisions depend on factors like symptoms, tumor growth rate, age and location. Observation may be appropriate for asymptomatic or slowly growing tumors while surgical resection is indicated if the tumor is symptomatic or growing rapidly.
Brain Tumours
This document discusses different types of brain tumors found in children. It describes the four main types - astrocytoma, ependymoma, PNET, and craniopharyngioma. Astrocytomas and ependymomas are classified as low or high grade depending on their tendency to spread, growth rate, and similarity to normal cells. PNET tumors are highly malignant and difficult to treat. Craniopharyngiomas are usually benign cystic tumors involving the third ventricle and optic nerve. Symptoms vary depending on the location of the tumor in the brain or spinal cord and can include headaches, vomiting, seizures, weakness, and sensory or motor problems.
Retroperiton masses
The retroperitoneal space contains lymphatics, connective tissue, and organs like the pancreas and kidneys. Retroperitoneal masses can be malignant tumors like lymphoma or sarcoma, or benign lesions such as lipoma or schwannoma. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are used to characterize the masses, and biopsy may help with diagnosis. Surgical resection is the primary treatment for retroperitoneal sarcoma and other localized tumors, while chemotherapy or radiation may help with advanced or unresectable cases.
Hemangiopericytoma
Hemangiopericytoma is a rare vascular tumor that can arise in the head and neck region. It typically presents as a slow-growing painless mass in people aged 50-60 years old. Diagnosis is made through biopsy and imaging, showing a hypervascular solid mass. Treatment involves wide local surgical excision, with some cases requiring pre-operative embolization. While hemangiopericytomas are considered radioresistant, radiation therapy may be used for residual or metastatic disease. Prognosis can vary but overall survival rates are high despite potential for local recurrence and distant metastasis. Careful long-term follow up is important given the unpredictable nature of these tumors.
Mediastinal tumours
The document provides information on tumors and masses located in the mediastinum. It begins with an overview of the anatomy of the mediastinum and then describes the various pathologies that can occur in each compartment, including the most common tumor types seen in children and adults. For some of the major tumor types such as thymomas, neurogenic tumors, and germ cell tumors, it provides details on characteristics, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment approaches. The document emphasizes that surgical resection is the main treatment for most mediastinal masses but chemotherapy and/or radiation are also used as adjuvant therapies for malignant tumors.
Presentation2.pptx , intra ventricular tumour and intra-cranial cyst
This document discusses various types of intraventricular tumors and other lesions. It describes tumors that originate from the ventricular walls, septum pellucidum, and choroid plexus, including ependymoma, subependymoma, central neurocytoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, choroid plexus papilloma, choroid plexus carcinoma, and meningioma. It also discusses other intraventricular lesions like metastasis, colloid cysts, neurocysticercosis, hydatid cyst, and tuberculoma. Specific examples are provided with images of subependymoma, central neurocytoma, subependymal giant cell astro
Case of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and other pancreatic tumors
Case of pancreatic carcinoma and other pancretaic tumors
Dr Alekya katamreddy DMRD, resident sec DNB. JAYPEE HOSPITAL
Retroperitoneal mass
The document discusses retroperitoneal anatomy and various etiologies of retroperitoneal masses including both neoplastic and non-neoplastic causes. It describes the clinical presentation of retroperitoneal masses as often asymptomatic initially, with later development of compressive symptoms. A variety of investigations are outlined to evaluate retroperitoneal masses including blood tests, imaging modalities, and biopsy. Common retroperitoneal masses discussed in more detail include retroperitoneal sarcoma, lymphoma, teratoma, hematoma, urinoma, and retroperitoneal fibrosis.
Brain tumours part 3
Three grades of tumours are recognized:
(1) pineocytoma, the most common of all pineal parenchymal tumors
(2) pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation
(3) pineoblastoma, the rarest but most malignant parenchymal cell tumor
Primary mediastinal liposarcoma of the superior, middle, and anterior mediast...
Primary mediastinal liposarcoma of the superior, middle, and anterior mediast...Mary Ondinee Manalo Igot
Primary mediastinal liposarcoma of the superior, middle, and anterior mediastinum
https://www.actamedicaphilippina.org/issue/1102What's hot (20)
Presentation2.pptx , intra ventricular tumour and intra-cranial cyst
Presentation2.pptx , intra ventricular tumour and intra-cranial cyst
Case of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and other pancreatic tumors
Case of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and other pancreatic tumors
Primary mediastinal liposarcoma of the superior, middle, and anterior mediast...
Primary mediastinal liposarcoma of the superior, middle, and anterior mediast...
Similar to Sellar mass and ovarian mass
cns tumors and differentiation by imaging modalities .pptx
Cns tumors and their differentiation based on imaging modalities
Glomus Tumours
Glomus tumours, also known as paragangliomas or chemodectomas, are rare benign tumours that arise from parasympathetic nerve tissue. They most commonly occur in the middle ear (glomus tympanicum), jugular bulb (glomus jugulare), or vagus nerve in the neck (glomus vagale). Presenting symptoms depend on location but often include pulsatile tinnitus and conductive hearing loss. Diagnosis involves imaging such as CT or MRI to determine size and involvement of structures. Surgical resection is the main treatment, with preoperative embolization for larger tumours, while radiotherapy may be used for inoperable or residual cases.
Brain tumours part2
This document provides information on various types of brain tumors classified by their cell of origin and grade. It discusses oligodendrogliomas, anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, and their typical imaging and clinical presentation. It also covers ependymomas, subependymomas, choroid plexus tumors, and other neuroepithelial tumors such as astroblastomas. Finally, it summarizes neuronal and glioneuronal tumors like gangliogliomas which are a common cause of tumor-related temporal lobe epilepsy.
Evaluation of neck tumors
This document discusses the evaluation and diagnosis of various neck masses that may present in pediatric patients. It covers lymphomas, salivary gland tumors, carotid body tumors, neurogenic tumors such as schwannomas, congenital masses like thyroglossal duct cysts and hemangiomas, and other less common entities. Physical exam findings, diagnostic testing options, and treatment approaches are provided for each condition.
Medulloblastoma
MedulloblastomaNational Cancer Institute, Cairo University - Children's Cancer Hospital - Egypt 57357
The document discusses medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant brain tumor in children. MB originates in the cerebellum and projects into the fourth ventricle. It is thought to arise from primitive neuroepithelial cells. On imaging, MB typically appears as a large lobulated mass in the posterior fossa that compresses the fourth ventricle and causes hydrocephalus. Molecular analysis has classified MB into four subgroups: SHH, WNT, Group III, and Group IV, which have different characteristics and prognoses. Prognostic factors include age at diagnosis, extent of disease, extent of resection, histology, and biological markers.Paraganglioma
Paraganglioma is a neuroendocrine tumor arising from paraganglionic tissue. Carotid body tumors are the most common type, presenting as a slow-growing painless neck mass near the carotid bifurcation. Jugulotympanic paragangliomas arise near the jugular bulb or middle ear, presenting with pulsatile tinnitus or cranial nerve deficits. Both types are typically diagnosed using CT or MRI showing a characteristic enhancing mass and are often treated with surgery or radiation therapy if surgery is not possible.
Brain tumours marsh 2017
The document discusses central nervous system (CNS) tumors. It provides information on different types of primary and secondary brain tumors seen in adults and children, including meningiomas, gliomas such as astrocytomas and glioblastomas, medulloblastomas, and nerve sheath tumors. Key points covered include the typical locations, presentations, pathological features, and distinguishing characteristics of common CNS tumors.
Breast carcinoma pathology
The document discusses breast carcinoma, the most common non-skin malignancy in women. It covers the main risk factors and genetic factors associated with breast carcinoma, including genes like BRCA1, BRCA2, p53, and HER2/neu. It also discusses the pathogenesis related to hormonal factors and classifies the different types of breast carcinomas from non-invasive to invasive varieties like ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, lobular carcinoma in situ, and invasive lobular carcinoma.
Meningioma
This document provides information on various brain tumors and brain conditions. It discusses the etiology, pathology, incidence, imaging features, and case examples of meningioma, glioma, glioblastoma, pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma, acoustic schwannoma, medulloblastoma, arachnoid cyst, parenchymal metastases, AVMs, schizencephaly, and spinal nerve sheath tumors. Imaging findings including CT, MRI, and examples of various cases are presented. The document serves as a reference for radiologists and neurologists to understand different brain pathologies.
Pancreatic neoplasms
This document provides information on pancreatic neoplasms. It begins with the anatomy of the pancreas and its blood supply. It then discusses the different types of pancreatic neoplasms, including cystic neoplasms and ductal adenocarcinoma. Risk factors for ductal adenocarcinoma are outlined. The pathogenesis and molecular progression of pancreatic cancer from pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive cancer is described. Clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging modalities, staging, treatment options including surgery and adjuvant therapy, palliative care, and recent advances are summarized. Finally, cystic neoplasms of the pancreas including mucinous cystic neoplasms are briefly covered.
Craniopharyngioma and vestibular schwanoma kiran
This document provides information on craniopharyngioma and vestibular schwannoma. It discusses the embryology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of craniopharyngioma. It notes that craniopharyngioma arises from epithelial remnants of the Rathke's pouch and presents with visual disturbances, headaches or endocrinological issues. Treatment involves surgical resection with or without radiation therapy. The document also provides brief information on vestibular schwannoma, noting that it is a benign tumor arising from schwann cells of the vestibular nerve.
Brain spinal tumors
This document provides an overview of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. It begins by classifying tumors based on origin and nature. It then discusses the occurrence, clinical manifestations, syndromes, and general clinical features of CNS tumors. Specific pediatric and adult tumor types are also described, along with their characteristics, treatment approaches, and prognoses. Finally, the document briefly discusses spinal tumors, including types, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis.
Head and Neck Imaging
This document discusses head and neck imaging modalities and anatomy. It provides examples of different pathologies visualized on various imaging modalities like CT, MRI, PET. It describes the paranasal sinuses, skull base, compartments of the neck, and contents of each. Examples of lesions discussed include sinusitis, meningiomas, sarcomas, paragangliomas, cholesteatomas, and lymph nodes. Congenital lesions like thyroglossal duct cysts, branchial cleft cysts, and cystic hygromas are also summarized.
Amol cardiac tumours
Cardiac tumors can be primary tumors originating from the heart or secondary tumors from metastases. Primary tumors are more commonly benign myxomas found in the left atrium of middle aged patients, while secondary tumors are more prevalent. Imaging with echocardiography, CT, and MRI can characterize tumors and determine if they are resectable. MRI provides the best evaluation of tumor extent, involvement of surrounding structures, and differentiation of tumor types.
SPINAL TUMOR.pptx
1. Spinal tumors are classified based on their anatomical location as intramedullary, extradural intradural, or extradural.
2. Common intramedullary tumors include ependymoma, astrocytoma, and hemangioblastoma. Ependymomas typically appear central on MRI while astrocytomas are eccentric.
3. Common extradural intradural tumors include schwannomas, meningiomas, and metastases. Schwannomas appear as well-encapsulated enhancing lesions that displace nerve roots.
Brain stem gliomas
This document discusses brainstem gliomas, which comprise about 20% of pediatric brain tumors. It describes various classification systems for brainstem gliomas, including location-based classifications. Focal, discrete tumors have a more favorable prognosis compared to diffuse, infiltrative tumors. The document outlines clinical features, imaging characteristics, surgical approaches, intraoperative monitoring techniques, and management strategies for different types of brainstem gliomas. Diffuse tumors have the worst prognosis and are typically managed with biopsy and radiation therapy due to their infiltrative nature.
Neuroblatoma
This document discusses the case of a 4 year old male child presenting with abdominal swelling, fever, and cachexia. Imaging findings showed a large heterogeneous enhancing mass in the left suprarenal region. Differential diagnoses for abdominal masses in young children were provided, including neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, and lymphoma. The document then focuses on neuroblastoma, describing its characteristics, typical imaging appearance on ultrasound, CT, and MRI, as well as patterns of metastasis. Round cell tumors with similar histology and manifestations as neuroblastoma are also listed.
NB.pptx
This document provides information on neuroblastoma and Wilms' tumor, two common pediatric abdominal masses. Neuroblastoma arises from neural crest tissue and is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. It typically presents as an abdominal mass and can metastasize. Treatment involves chemotherapy, surgery, and sometimes stem cell transplant depending on risk factors. Wilms' tumor arises from the kidneys and is also typically detected as an asymptomatic abdominal mass in young children. Staging involves evaluating the extent of the primary tumor and presence of metastases to determine the appropriate treatment, which usually involves surgery and chemotherapy. Both tumors require a multidisciplinary approach including imaging, biopsy, surgery, and chemotherapy.
Imaging of non endocrine tumour of pancreas
Pancreatic malignancies are typically adenocarcinomas originating from duct cells. CT and MRI are important for staging and detecting signs of unresectability. On CT, pancreatic adenocarcinomas usually appear as ill-defined, hypoenhancing masses with desmoplastic reactions and tendencies to obstruct ducts. Features indicating unresectability include vascular encasement or ingrowth. Cystic pancreatic lesions include serous cystadenomas and mucinous cystic neoplasms, which are often indistinguishable on imaging alone. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms involve main or branch duct dilation.
Similar to Sellar mass and ovarian mass (20)
cns tumors and differentiation by imaging modalities .pptx
cns tumors and differentiation by imaging modalities .pptx
Recently uploaded
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdDRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
Any substance (other than food) that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a
disease or abnormal condition
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxMohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
The History of Stoke Newington Street Names
Presented at the Stoke Newington Literary Festival on 9th June 2024
www.StokeNewingtonHistory.com
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS Template 2023-2024 by: Irene S. Rueco
Hindi varnamala | hindi alphabet PPT.pdf
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityAkanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
Natural birth techniques are various type such as/ water birth , alexender method, hypnosis, bradley method, lamaze method etcRecently uploaded (20)
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Sellar mass and ovarian mass
- 1. Presented by Dr. Anil jangir Guided by Dr. R.N Gehlot
- 2. Common sellar and parasellar tumors - Pituitary adenoma - Craniopharyngioma -Meningioma -Rathkes cleft cyst -Chiasmatic glioma -Dermoid -Epidermoid -Germinoma -Schwannoma -Metastasis - Giant aneurysm
- 3. Epidermoid cyst - Well circumscribed - Non enhancing - Homogenously hypodense lesion - CSF signals on T1/T2/FLAIR - Can cause bone thinning - Bright on DWI (Most helpful MR sequence for Making diagnosis ) • (d/d-Arachnoid cyst appears dark like CSF on DWI) - Central eccentric Chiasmatic CP angle Quadrigeminal plate Middle cranial fossa sylvian fissure
- 4. Pituitary adenoma -Micro adenoma usually enhance later or lesser then normal pituitary Suprasellar extension, Inferiorly into sphenoid sinus/clivus -Isointense to brain parenchyma on T1 *Macro adenoma may contain hemorrhagic or cystic component. Acute hemorrhage may lead to rapid expansion of the gland and Cause acute compression of optic chiasma ( pituitary apoplexy) Hemorrhage appears hyperintense on T1
- 5. Pituitary apoplexy Pituitary apoplexy due to hemorrhage in macroadenoma
- 6. Pituitary apoplexy -Caused by hemorrhagic/ischemic necrosis of pituitary gland -pre-existing macroadenoma usually seen - Sheehan syndrome- acute postpartum ischemic necrosis - H/o Medical management (bromocriptine/cabergoline) of prolactinoma - Signal intensity on MR depends on clot age - On T1- heterogeneously iso to hypo - T2- iso to mildly hyperintense on T2 initially then hypointense - Blooming on T2 may seen - T1 C+ rim enhancement
- 7. Rathke’s cleft cyst(RCC) -Mean age of presentation is 45 years, can be sellar or suprasellar Most symptomatic RCC are 5-15mm in diameter, can cause pituitary dysfunction, visual disturbance and headache. -On NECT- hypo/iso/hyperdense -T1- hypo/ hyperintense, T2- most of hyperintense , FLAIR- hyperintense -An enhancing rim sign of compressed pituitary (claw sign)can be sign -Non enhancing intracystic nodule (dot sign)- pathognomic of RCC -Can present with cyst apoplexy caused by sudden intracystic hemorrhage
- 8. Claw sign Dot sign Fluid dluid level
- 9. Fig. A
- 10. Child present with Predominantly cystic suprasellar mass with peripheral calcification on NECT Fig. B
- 11. Fig.C
- 12. fig. D 12 year old boy present with suprasellar mass
- 13. Solid ovarian mass differential diagnosis -Epithelial tumor- Brenners tumor -Germ cell tumor- Teratoma, dysgerminoma -Sex cord tumor- Fibroma, thecoma, Granulosa cell tumor -Metastatic- krukenberg tumor
- 14. -- Signet ring Metastasis to ovary – usually large, b/l solid adnexal mass showing heterogenous contrast enhancement Primary gastric cancer metastasize to Liver(m/c), lungs, adrenal and ovaries. Can come from stomach (signet ring cells-m/c), Colorectal (2nd m/c), breast, lung, contralateral ovary, pancreatic, cholangiocarcinoma On MRI- b/l complex ovarian mass with hypointense solid component and T1/T2 hyperintense mucin component
- 15. Biopsy proven case of signet cell adenocarcinoma of stomach with b/l ovarian metastasis(krukenberg tumor)
- 16. Brenners tumor -Usually small solid mass, discovered incidentally, may present multiloculated solid-cystic mass - Amorphous calcification is seen in solid portion - On CT solid component is enhance - On T2WI dense fibrous stromal component is low signal intensity Immature teratoma Have predominant solid component - May show internal necrosis/hemorrhage - More malignant - Rest of the features are similar to mature teratoma
- 17. Dysgerminoma - Rare ovarian tumor, predominantly in young women -Multilobulated solid mass with prominent fibrovascular septa Grsnulosa cell tumor -can be solid/multiloculated cystic/completely cystic -heterogeneously solid due to intratumoral bleed/necrosis/fibrous degeneration No intracystic papillary projection, no tendency to peritoneal seeding
- 18. Fibroma & thecoma - Benign, fibroma is m/c sex cord tumor, present as solid mass, ass. With ascites or meigh syndrome - homogenous solid mass delayed enhancement - Have abundant collagen component so appears low signals on T1 & very low signal on T2(diagnostic for fibroma) d/d – pedunculated uterine leiomyoma - Having dense scattered calcifications - Scattered high signal intensity represent edema or cystic degeneration