Each organisms obtaining food in a precise form which depends on its genetic potentials. The availability of food influenced the troop home size in the focal troops. Present work discussing the availability of food stuff and home range. When food available in plenty, home range tends to decreased and when food available in scared the home range increased.
ABSTRACT- Butea monosperma is a moderate sized deciduous tree, which is widely distributed throughout India, Burma and Ceylon, popularly known as 'dhak' or 'palash', commonly known as ‘Flame of forest’. Bearing many qualities it is rightly selected as the State Flower of Uttar Pradesh as well as Jharkhand. The study was undertaken during January 2015-2017 in Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India. For this study 15 sites were selected in Jhansi area. Observations were done from 6:00 am to 10:00 am and 3:00 pm to 7 pm. Direct observations were made using Bushnell Falcon 10x50 mm Binocular. The study was supported with photographs taken by 7 D Canon SLR Camera. Observations indicated that the bird species were attracted towards the flowers of Palash. The birds were also used the trees of nesting and roosting. A total of 70 bird species belonging to 27 families were associated with Palash either for feeding, nesting or roosting. The maximum species (12) belonged to family Corvidae followed by Sturnidae (6), Columbidae (5), Musciapidae (5) and Sylviindae (5). It was concluded that the State flower of Uttar Pradesh is obligatory for the local bird community. Initiatives have been taken to create awareness amongst the local people with the help of press media. The conservation of the existing plant species and the plantation of more trees particularly in educational institutes are important. Butea monosperma is very dry resistant and helps in controlling soil erosion. Therefore planting and managing the tree will be beneficial for local farmers also.
Key-words- Palash, Bird species, Conservation, Butea monosperma
The diversity of wild edible fruit plants and traditional knowledge in west a...Adi Bejo Suwardi
Rural communities in the West Aceh region continue to collect and consume many edible wild fruit plants as a food source. This study was an account of the traditional knowledge and use of wild edible fruit plants by local people in the West Aceh region. The study was conducted in Sungai Mas and Pante Ceureumen, West Aceh Regency, between April and June 2019. Plant specimens have been gathered from the forest, agroforestry and home garden. A total of 100 informants (50 informants at each site) were involved in the survey of Ethnobotanical data. The questionnaires used to investigate the local name of the species, the habitats, the location of the collection, the season of collection, the parts used, the categories of use and the manner of fruit consumption. A total of 44 species of edible fruit plants recorded in West Aceh region, Aceh Province, Indonesia. The Myrtaceae and Malvaceae were the most represented families. Baccaurea motleyana, Durio zibethinus, Garcinia mangostana, Lansium domesticum, Mangifera odorata, and Mangifera foetida were the top six most common wild edible fruits in this region. The local community uses wild edible fruit species for food (44 species), medicine (11 species), construction materials (9 species), furniture (9 species) and firewood. D. zibethinus, M. foetida, M. odorata, M. quadrifida, B. motleyana, L. domesticum, G. xanthochymus, and G. mangostana are also commonly traded in traditional markets.
What Effects do the Genus Prunus Plants Haveijtsrd
Genus Prunus is peach, plum, apricot, almond like cherry delicious among temperate fruit crops, important because it contains edible, drupe and stone fruits with ornamental value as well. Genus mostly spreads in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, such as northern Asia, North America and Europe. Species which have global economic importance, harvested or grown from the wild for timber and medicinal purposes. The use of these species, which have been used in folk medicine for many years, differs from country to country and plant cover. Main species used for traditional medical purposes are Prunus americana, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus dulcis, Prunus ceracifera, Prunus cerasoides, Prunus domestica, Prunus mahaleb, Prunus mume, Prunus persica, Prunus salicina, etc. When the studies are examined, it is seen that there are many in vivo, in vitro and clinical studies that carried out the different biological effects of the extracts obtained from different parts of these species. The literature presented here may suggest new inputs for further biological activity studies and reveal the relationship between traditional use and existing scientific studies. Zuhal Bayrakceken Guven | Ahmet Basaran "What Effects do the Genus Prunus Plants Have?" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30993.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmacognosy-/30993/what-effects-do-the-genus-prunus-plants-have/zuhal-bayrakceken-guven
Maruthamalai hills of Western Ghats, Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu - A pote...researchplantsciences
The dry deciduous forests of Maruthamalai, part of Western Ghats, Coimbatore district, Tamilnadu hold rich number of 201 species belonging to 153 genera of 51 families. The families Poaceae, Fabaceae, Mimosaceae and Euphorbiaceae have contributed high number of species 19, 18, 13, 12 respectively to the community. In the floristic list, a high number of 165 species (82.5%) is recognized as economically important also. Based on the importance value index secured, it is determined that the species like Acacia tora, Albizzia amara, A. lebbeck, Azadirachta indica, Chromolaena odorata, Commiphora caudata, Erythroxylon monogynum, Euphorbia antiquorum, Fluggea leucopyrus, Pterolobium indicum and Zizyphus oenoplia are considered to be ecologically important and established well in the low hills of Maruthamalai (450m above m.s.l.). In higher altitudes at 750m above msl, the species like Albizzia amara, Azadirachta indica, Chloroxylon swietenia, Commiphora caudata, Erythroxylon monogynum, Fluggea leucopyrus and Holoptelea integrifolia have secured higher importance value index and established well in the habitats. At 950m above m.s.l., the vegetation has been occupied predominantly by the species like Acacia torta, Albizzia amara, Commiphora caudata, Erythroxylon monogynum, Fluggea leucopyrus and Syzigium cumini as they derived higher importance value index. Among the 165 medicinal plants, 37 species (22%) where present in all the three plots located at different altitudes. Despite the variation in species composition and ecological importance at all levels of altitudes throughout the Maruthamalai hills, the habitat conditions are favourable for the growth of plants of higher secondary metabolites of medicinal importance. Hence wastelands available in Maruthamalai hills may be suggested for the cultivation of native medicinal and other economically important plants.
Article Citation:
Paulsamy S.
Maruthamalai hills of Western Ghats, Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu –
A potential ecosystem for medicinal plants.
Journal of Research in Plant Sciences (2011) 1(1): 012-026.
Full Text:
http://plantsciences.co.in/documents/PS0005.pdf
ABSTRACT- Butea monosperma is a moderate sized deciduous tree, which is widely distributed throughout India, Burma and Ceylon, popularly known as 'dhak' or 'palash', commonly known as ‘Flame of forest’. Bearing many qualities it is rightly selected as the State Flower of Uttar Pradesh as well as Jharkhand. The study was undertaken during January 2015-2017 in Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India. For this study 15 sites were selected in Jhansi area. Observations were done from 6:00 am to 10:00 am and 3:00 pm to 7 pm. Direct observations were made using Bushnell Falcon 10x50 mm Binocular. The study was supported with photographs taken by 7 D Canon SLR Camera. Observations indicated that the bird species were attracted towards the flowers of Palash. The birds were also used the trees of nesting and roosting. A total of 70 bird species belonging to 27 families were associated with Palash either for feeding, nesting or roosting. The maximum species (12) belonged to family Corvidae followed by Sturnidae (6), Columbidae (5), Musciapidae (5) and Sylviindae (5). It was concluded that the State flower of Uttar Pradesh is obligatory for the local bird community. Initiatives have been taken to create awareness amongst the local people with the help of press media. The conservation of the existing plant species and the plantation of more trees particularly in educational institutes are important. Butea monosperma is very dry resistant and helps in controlling soil erosion. Therefore planting and managing the tree will be beneficial for local farmers also.
Key-words- Palash, Bird species, Conservation, Butea monosperma
The diversity of wild edible fruit plants and traditional knowledge in west a...Adi Bejo Suwardi
Rural communities in the West Aceh region continue to collect and consume many edible wild fruit plants as a food source. This study was an account of the traditional knowledge and use of wild edible fruit plants by local people in the West Aceh region. The study was conducted in Sungai Mas and Pante Ceureumen, West Aceh Regency, between April and June 2019. Plant specimens have been gathered from the forest, agroforestry and home garden. A total of 100 informants (50 informants at each site) were involved in the survey of Ethnobotanical data. The questionnaires used to investigate the local name of the species, the habitats, the location of the collection, the season of collection, the parts used, the categories of use and the manner of fruit consumption. A total of 44 species of edible fruit plants recorded in West Aceh region, Aceh Province, Indonesia. The Myrtaceae and Malvaceae were the most represented families. Baccaurea motleyana, Durio zibethinus, Garcinia mangostana, Lansium domesticum, Mangifera odorata, and Mangifera foetida were the top six most common wild edible fruits in this region. The local community uses wild edible fruit species for food (44 species), medicine (11 species), construction materials (9 species), furniture (9 species) and firewood. D. zibethinus, M. foetida, M. odorata, M. quadrifida, B. motleyana, L. domesticum, G. xanthochymus, and G. mangostana are also commonly traded in traditional markets.
What Effects do the Genus Prunus Plants Haveijtsrd
Genus Prunus is peach, plum, apricot, almond like cherry delicious among temperate fruit crops, important because it contains edible, drupe and stone fruits with ornamental value as well. Genus mostly spreads in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, such as northern Asia, North America and Europe. Species which have global economic importance, harvested or grown from the wild for timber and medicinal purposes. The use of these species, which have been used in folk medicine for many years, differs from country to country and plant cover. Main species used for traditional medical purposes are Prunus americana, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus dulcis, Prunus ceracifera, Prunus cerasoides, Prunus domestica, Prunus mahaleb, Prunus mume, Prunus persica, Prunus salicina, etc. When the studies are examined, it is seen that there are many in vivo, in vitro and clinical studies that carried out the different biological effects of the extracts obtained from different parts of these species. The literature presented here may suggest new inputs for further biological activity studies and reveal the relationship between traditional use and existing scientific studies. Zuhal Bayrakceken Guven | Ahmet Basaran "What Effects do the Genus Prunus Plants Have?" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30993.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmacognosy-/30993/what-effects-do-the-genus-prunus-plants-have/zuhal-bayrakceken-guven
Maruthamalai hills of Western Ghats, Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu - A pote...researchplantsciences
The dry deciduous forests of Maruthamalai, part of Western Ghats, Coimbatore district, Tamilnadu hold rich number of 201 species belonging to 153 genera of 51 families. The families Poaceae, Fabaceae, Mimosaceae and Euphorbiaceae have contributed high number of species 19, 18, 13, 12 respectively to the community. In the floristic list, a high number of 165 species (82.5%) is recognized as economically important also. Based on the importance value index secured, it is determined that the species like Acacia tora, Albizzia amara, A. lebbeck, Azadirachta indica, Chromolaena odorata, Commiphora caudata, Erythroxylon monogynum, Euphorbia antiquorum, Fluggea leucopyrus, Pterolobium indicum and Zizyphus oenoplia are considered to be ecologically important and established well in the low hills of Maruthamalai (450m above m.s.l.). In higher altitudes at 750m above msl, the species like Albizzia amara, Azadirachta indica, Chloroxylon swietenia, Commiphora caudata, Erythroxylon monogynum, Fluggea leucopyrus and Holoptelea integrifolia have secured higher importance value index and established well in the habitats. At 950m above m.s.l., the vegetation has been occupied predominantly by the species like Acacia torta, Albizzia amara, Commiphora caudata, Erythroxylon monogynum, Fluggea leucopyrus and Syzigium cumini as they derived higher importance value index. Among the 165 medicinal plants, 37 species (22%) where present in all the three plots located at different altitudes. Despite the variation in species composition and ecological importance at all levels of altitudes throughout the Maruthamalai hills, the habitat conditions are favourable for the growth of plants of higher secondary metabolites of medicinal importance. Hence wastelands available in Maruthamalai hills may be suggested for the cultivation of native medicinal and other economically important plants.
Article Citation:
Paulsamy S.
Maruthamalai hills of Western Ghats, Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu –
A potential ecosystem for medicinal plants.
Journal of Research in Plant Sciences (2011) 1(1): 012-026.
Full Text:
http://plantsciences.co.in/documents/PS0005.pdf
Ethnobotanical Euphorbian plants of North Maharashtra RegionIOSR Journals
Euphorbiaceae is among the large flowering plant families consisting of a wide variety of vegetative
forms. Some of which plants are of great importance, It is need to explore traditional medicinal knowledge of
plant materials belonging to various genera of Euphorbiaceae available in North Maharashtra State. Plants
have always been the source of food, medicine and other necessities of life since the origin of human being.
Plant containing ethnomedicinal properties have been known and used in some forms or other tribal
communities of Satpuda region. These tribal have their own system of Ethnomedicine for the treatment of
different ailments. In the course of survey useful Euphorbian plants of Satpuda, 34 medicinal plants belonging
to 18 genus is documented. This article reports their botanical identity, family name, local language name part
used preparations and doses, if any. It is observed that tribes of this region uses various Euphorbian plant in
the form of decoction, infusion, extract, paste, powder etc. Thus the knowledge area of this region with respect
to ethnomedicine would be useful for botanist, pharmacologist and phytochemist for further explorations. It is
concluded that the family is a good starting point for the search for plant-based medicines.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
This Journal publishes original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in pharmacy.
The Medicinally important Convolvulacean members used by the Kattunaikkan Tri...researchplantsciences
A floristic and ethnobotanical studies on the kattunaikan tribe of Wayand district was carried out. The study documented the use of 11 plant species of the family Convolvulaceae by the Kattunaika tribe. The different parts like leaves, stem, fruits, flowers and sometimes the whole plant are used to cure various diseases.
Article Citation:
Joseph MA and Antony VT.
The Medicinally important Convolvulacean members used by the
Kattunaikkan Tribe of Wayand District.
Journal of Research in Plant Sciences (2012) 1(2): 093-097.
Full Text:
http:/www.plantsciences.co.in/documents/PS0025.pdf
Anti bacterial activity of Derris indica leaf extractsSriramNagarajan19
Derris indica, family Fabaceae also known as Pongamia pinnata has various therapeutic properties. It shows activities like hepatoprotective, antirheumatic, hypoglycemic, anti bacterial etc. The plant leaves are is rich in flavanoids, alkaloids which are proved by phytochemical analysis. The aqueous, chloroform, methanolic and petroleum ether extracts were screened for anti bacterial activity using Bacillus subtilis and E. coli strain. The anti bacterial activity was performed using diffusion assay method using spread plate method. The study showed methanoilc and chloroform extracts have potent antibacterial activity. Thus Derris indica have abti bacterial activity along with other therapeutic activities.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Climate Change and Public Health in the Treatment of Fever in Adilabad Distri...iosrjce
Ancient man had found the ways and means of usage of plants to cure his health disorders. Plant
induced increases in allergic rhinitis like high fever the distinct seasonal sources of plant pollen, trees, grasses,
and ragweed. Quantity and seasonality of pollen depend in large part on plant responses to climatic and
meteorological variables. However, changes in such variables are likely as a result of anthropogenic influences
on levels of atmospheric CO2, and enhancement of the greenhouse effect, with subsequent impacts on plant
growth and pollen production. The knowledge of preparation of medicines of various parts such as root, tuber,
stem, bark, leaves, flower, fruit, seed, and whole plant, formed a parallel system of medicine the ethno medicine,
which exclusively uses the plants and herbal products for the treatment of diseases. Fever is one such common
disease characterized by an elevation of body temperature above the normal range of 36.5 – 37.5o C (98-
100oF). This triggers increased muscle tone and shivering. The present study emphasized the documentation
and analysis of indigenous herbal medicinal knowledge existing in curing different types of fever by different
communities of Adilabad district. The survey in the rural areas of Adilabad district was carried out during
January 2007 – December 2011. In all medicinal practitioners were interviewed using structured questionnaires.
Project of PG Diploma Environmental Studies of Andhra Universityrcedr
PG Diploma in Environmental Studies project report--Good to know information on Environmental related issues and the conflict between the Industrial development and the Depleting Environmental Conditions
Improvement of Medicinal Plants: Challenges and Innovative ApproachesSenthil Natesan
Paper Presented during the National seminar on Challenges and Innovative approaches in crop improvement held at AC&RI, Madurai , TNAU by
Dr.P. Manivel, Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Boriavi-387310, Anand, Gujarat
The tests for the evaluation of seedling establishment, palatability and acceptability were carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Agricultural Technology and the Food Laboratory of the Department of Home and Rural Economics, Adamawa State College of Agriculture, Ganye, Adamawa State. The experimental designs used were Randomized Complete Block Design and the Completely Randomized Design. Some of the parameters measured were percentage seedling establishment, palatability, and acceptability tests. The highest mean percentage seedling establishment was observed in 12.00g levels of H. suaveolens whole powder treated shelled groundnut seeds (97.67, 97.00, and 94.00) at the three periods of storage. Percentage seedling establishment decreased with a decrease in levels of H. suaveolens whole powder. One of the major constraints to the use of plant materials as an alternative to synthetic insecticides is the issue of standardization in dosage of application. This work has suggested that, if groundnut seeds are to be used for sowing, they should be stored with a 12.00g level of H. suaveolens whole powder for every 300.00g for three months. However, if they are to be used for consumption, they could be stored with a 6.00g level of H. suaveolens whole powder for every 300.00g for at most three months. There was no significant difference between treated and untreated shelled groundnut seeds at the three periods of storage on the acceptability and palatability score of cooked groundnut at all dosages of application. All treatments were within the acceptable score rates even though the two rates of the synthetic insecticides, actellic dust were at the lowest acceptable score rate. The finding also showed that acceptability and palatability decreased with an increase in dosage of application. The periods of storage also had a significant impact on the mean percentage seedling establishment. It was observed that there was a higher percentage of seedling establishment when shelled groundnut seeds were stored from November- January. At this period of the year, the temperature and humidity are usually low and this might have necessitated the high state of inactivity and low performance of the bruchids compared to other periods of storage within the year.
Exploration and inventorying of weeds in wheat CROP OF THE DISTRIC T MALAKAN...Shujaul Mulk Khan
District Malakand lies on the northern side of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The landscape represents both plain and hilly regions. Various kinds of crops are grown among which wheat is cultivated on large scale. In order to explore weed species diversity in the region, a phytosociological survey was conducted in the summer 2014. Such study was required as there has been no such record of weeds diversity of the region. Different fields were selected at various localities of the district. The total number of fields selected was 120 and in each field 10, 1x1m 2 quadrats were laid. A questionnaire was also circulated to investigate about the farming practices and most dangerous species of weeds having greater effect on production and post harvest losses of wheat. Plants were collected from various localities, voucher numbers were given to specimens and other relevant data pertaining to locality i.e., habitat, habit, family, scientific and local names of each species. Mounted copy of each voucher specimen was deposited to the Herbarium of Hazara University Mansehra. This study not only provided first inventory of weed plants but it also helped point out most dangerous species related to wheat yield losses. Results of this study revealed a total of 132 weeds plant species belonging to 110 genera and 42 families. Most of the species investigated were Angiosperms. Family Asteraceae was the richest family related to species diversity with 18 species and 17 genera. It is followed by Poaceae having 16 species and 16 genera. Next in succession are family Brasicaceae with 10 genera and 16 species and family Boraginaceae with 5 genera and 7 species. Other families like Caryophyllaceae, Papilionaceae, Fabaceae, Polygonaceae, Scrophulariaceae and Umbilliferae have 6,6,4,5,4 and 3 species and 6,3,4,3,3 and 3 genera respectively. Species like Silybum marianum (Asteraceae), Emex spinosa (Polygonaceae) and Circium arvense (Asteraceae) are considered to be the most threatening species during the time of harvesting the crop. Further study along this line is the basic part of the on-going project which will provide a base line for the development of agricultural crops in the region.
Resource assessment, Uses, domistication and commercialization of timber and non-timber forest products. Table of some important agroforestry medicinal plants with their uses given. Some figure, image and data were collected from internet.
Lingual thyroid gland is a rare clinical entity and occurs due to the failure of the thyroid gland to descend to its normal cervical location during embryogenesis. This ectopic thyroid gland located at the base of the tongue may present with symptoms like dysphagia, dysphonia, upper airway obstruction or haemorrhage and maybe associated with thyroid dysfunction. We are presenting here the case of a 16 year-old girl who reported to our hospital with complaints of foreign body sensation in the throat & dysphagia. The CT scan reported an SOL base of tongue. An emergency surgery was conducted due to sudden appearance of dyspnoea & increase in dysphagia. A post operative Thyroid scan & Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Lingual thyroid. Thyroid functions showed Hypothyroidism. The TSH level was 98.1 µIU/ml and T3 & T4 levels were 0.1 ng/ml & 2.3 µg/dl respectively.
CONCLUSION: Ectopic Thyroid is a rare anomaly with Lingual thyroid accounting for majority of cases. Dysphagia and dysphonia are common presenting symptoms and majority of cases with thyroid dysfunction have hypothyroidism. Pathogenesis of this ectopic is unknown. Genetic factors have been associated with thyroid gland morphogenesis & differentiation but so far no mutation in known genes has been associated with human thyroid ectopy.
Ethnobotanical Euphorbian plants of North Maharashtra RegionIOSR Journals
Euphorbiaceae is among the large flowering plant families consisting of a wide variety of vegetative
forms. Some of which plants are of great importance, It is need to explore traditional medicinal knowledge of
plant materials belonging to various genera of Euphorbiaceae available in North Maharashtra State. Plants
have always been the source of food, medicine and other necessities of life since the origin of human being.
Plant containing ethnomedicinal properties have been known and used in some forms or other tribal
communities of Satpuda region. These tribal have their own system of Ethnomedicine for the treatment of
different ailments. In the course of survey useful Euphorbian plants of Satpuda, 34 medicinal plants belonging
to 18 genus is documented. This article reports their botanical identity, family name, local language name part
used preparations and doses, if any. It is observed that tribes of this region uses various Euphorbian plant in
the form of decoction, infusion, extract, paste, powder etc. Thus the knowledge area of this region with respect
to ethnomedicine would be useful for botanist, pharmacologist and phytochemist for further explorations. It is
concluded that the family is a good starting point for the search for plant-based medicines.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
This Journal publishes original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in pharmacy.
The Medicinally important Convolvulacean members used by the Kattunaikkan Tri...researchplantsciences
A floristic and ethnobotanical studies on the kattunaikan tribe of Wayand district was carried out. The study documented the use of 11 plant species of the family Convolvulaceae by the Kattunaika tribe. The different parts like leaves, stem, fruits, flowers and sometimes the whole plant are used to cure various diseases.
Article Citation:
Joseph MA and Antony VT.
The Medicinally important Convolvulacean members used by the
Kattunaikkan Tribe of Wayand District.
Journal of Research in Plant Sciences (2012) 1(2): 093-097.
Full Text:
http:/www.plantsciences.co.in/documents/PS0025.pdf
Anti bacterial activity of Derris indica leaf extractsSriramNagarajan19
Derris indica, family Fabaceae also known as Pongamia pinnata has various therapeutic properties. It shows activities like hepatoprotective, antirheumatic, hypoglycemic, anti bacterial etc. The plant leaves are is rich in flavanoids, alkaloids which are proved by phytochemical analysis. The aqueous, chloroform, methanolic and petroleum ether extracts were screened for anti bacterial activity using Bacillus subtilis and E. coli strain. The anti bacterial activity was performed using diffusion assay method using spread plate method. The study showed methanoilc and chloroform extracts have potent antibacterial activity. Thus Derris indica have abti bacterial activity along with other therapeutic activities.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Climate Change and Public Health in the Treatment of Fever in Adilabad Distri...iosrjce
Ancient man had found the ways and means of usage of plants to cure his health disorders. Plant
induced increases in allergic rhinitis like high fever the distinct seasonal sources of plant pollen, trees, grasses,
and ragweed. Quantity and seasonality of pollen depend in large part on plant responses to climatic and
meteorological variables. However, changes in such variables are likely as a result of anthropogenic influences
on levels of atmospheric CO2, and enhancement of the greenhouse effect, with subsequent impacts on plant
growth and pollen production. The knowledge of preparation of medicines of various parts such as root, tuber,
stem, bark, leaves, flower, fruit, seed, and whole plant, formed a parallel system of medicine the ethno medicine,
which exclusively uses the plants and herbal products for the treatment of diseases. Fever is one such common
disease characterized by an elevation of body temperature above the normal range of 36.5 – 37.5o C (98-
100oF). This triggers increased muscle tone and shivering. The present study emphasized the documentation
and analysis of indigenous herbal medicinal knowledge existing in curing different types of fever by different
communities of Adilabad district. The survey in the rural areas of Adilabad district was carried out during
January 2007 – December 2011. In all medicinal practitioners were interviewed using structured questionnaires.
Project of PG Diploma Environmental Studies of Andhra Universityrcedr
PG Diploma in Environmental Studies project report--Good to know information on Environmental related issues and the conflict between the Industrial development and the Depleting Environmental Conditions
Improvement of Medicinal Plants: Challenges and Innovative ApproachesSenthil Natesan
Paper Presented during the National seminar on Challenges and Innovative approaches in crop improvement held at AC&RI, Madurai , TNAU by
Dr.P. Manivel, Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Boriavi-387310, Anand, Gujarat
The tests for the evaluation of seedling establishment, palatability and acceptability were carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Agricultural Technology and the Food Laboratory of the Department of Home and Rural Economics, Adamawa State College of Agriculture, Ganye, Adamawa State. The experimental designs used were Randomized Complete Block Design and the Completely Randomized Design. Some of the parameters measured were percentage seedling establishment, palatability, and acceptability tests. The highest mean percentage seedling establishment was observed in 12.00g levels of H. suaveolens whole powder treated shelled groundnut seeds (97.67, 97.00, and 94.00) at the three periods of storage. Percentage seedling establishment decreased with a decrease in levels of H. suaveolens whole powder. One of the major constraints to the use of plant materials as an alternative to synthetic insecticides is the issue of standardization in dosage of application. This work has suggested that, if groundnut seeds are to be used for sowing, they should be stored with a 12.00g level of H. suaveolens whole powder for every 300.00g for three months. However, if they are to be used for consumption, they could be stored with a 6.00g level of H. suaveolens whole powder for every 300.00g for at most three months. There was no significant difference between treated and untreated shelled groundnut seeds at the three periods of storage on the acceptability and palatability score of cooked groundnut at all dosages of application. All treatments were within the acceptable score rates even though the two rates of the synthetic insecticides, actellic dust were at the lowest acceptable score rate. The finding also showed that acceptability and palatability decreased with an increase in dosage of application. The periods of storage also had a significant impact on the mean percentage seedling establishment. It was observed that there was a higher percentage of seedling establishment when shelled groundnut seeds were stored from November- January. At this period of the year, the temperature and humidity are usually low and this might have necessitated the high state of inactivity and low performance of the bruchids compared to other periods of storage within the year.
Exploration and inventorying of weeds in wheat CROP OF THE DISTRIC T MALAKAN...Shujaul Mulk Khan
District Malakand lies on the northern side of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The landscape represents both plain and hilly regions. Various kinds of crops are grown among which wheat is cultivated on large scale. In order to explore weed species diversity in the region, a phytosociological survey was conducted in the summer 2014. Such study was required as there has been no such record of weeds diversity of the region. Different fields were selected at various localities of the district. The total number of fields selected was 120 and in each field 10, 1x1m 2 quadrats were laid. A questionnaire was also circulated to investigate about the farming practices and most dangerous species of weeds having greater effect on production and post harvest losses of wheat. Plants were collected from various localities, voucher numbers were given to specimens and other relevant data pertaining to locality i.e., habitat, habit, family, scientific and local names of each species. Mounted copy of each voucher specimen was deposited to the Herbarium of Hazara University Mansehra. This study not only provided first inventory of weed plants but it also helped point out most dangerous species related to wheat yield losses. Results of this study revealed a total of 132 weeds plant species belonging to 110 genera and 42 families. Most of the species investigated were Angiosperms. Family Asteraceae was the richest family related to species diversity with 18 species and 17 genera. It is followed by Poaceae having 16 species and 16 genera. Next in succession are family Brasicaceae with 10 genera and 16 species and family Boraginaceae with 5 genera and 7 species. Other families like Caryophyllaceae, Papilionaceae, Fabaceae, Polygonaceae, Scrophulariaceae and Umbilliferae have 6,6,4,5,4 and 3 species and 6,3,4,3,3 and 3 genera respectively. Species like Silybum marianum (Asteraceae), Emex spinosa (Polygonaceae) and Circium arvense (Asteraceae) are considered to be the most threatening species during the time of harvesting the crop. Further study along this line is the basic part of the on-going project which will provide a base line for the development of agricultural crops in the region.
Resource assessment, Uses, domistication and commercialization of timber and non-timber forest products. Table of some important agroforestry medicinal plants with their uses given. Some figure, image and data were collected from internet.
Lingual thyroid gland is a rare clinical entity and occurs due to the failure of the thyroid gland to descend to its normal cervical location during embryogenesis. This ectopic thyroid gland located at the base of the tongue may present with symptoms like dysphagia, dysphonia, upper airway obstruction or haemorrhage and maybe associated with thyroid dysfunction. We are presenting here the case of a 16 year-old girl who reported to our hospital with complaints of foreign body sensation in the throat & dysphagia. The CT scan reported an SOL base of tongue. An emergency surgery was conducted due to sudden appearance of dyspnoea & increase in dysphagia. A post operative Thyroid scan & Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Lingual thyroid. Thyroid functions showed Hypothyroidism. The TSH level was 98.1 µIU/ml and T3 & T4 levels were 0.1 ng/ml & 2.3 µg/dl respectively.
CONCLUSION: Ectopic Thyroid is a rare anomaly with Lingual thyroid accounting for majority of cases. Dysphagia and dysphonia are common presenting symptoms and majority of cases with thyroid dysfunction have hypothyroidism. Pathogenesis of this ectopic is unknown. Genetic factors have been associated with thyroid gland morphogenesis & differentiation but so far no mutation in known genes has been associated with human thyroid ectopy.
Dear Readers,
We are pleased to inform you that International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) is going to launch its next issue. We would like to invite you to contribute a Research Paper for publication in International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR). Papers published in International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) will receive very high publicity and acquire very high reputation. We publish original research articles, case study, review articles, technical notes and short communication.
Frequency: 12 Issues per Year
Accepted Language: English
Areas Covered: Multidisciplinary
Type of Articles Accepted:
Research Paper
Survey Paper
Informative Article
Case Studies
Review Papers
Comparative Studies
Dissertation Chapters
Research Proposals or Synopsis
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used By Malaiyali In Pachaimalai Hil...IJERA Editor
The selected study area in Pachaimalai Hills situated in Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India. The study was
aimed to document the traditional folklore knowledge of the local people about the use of different plants or
their products. A large number of people belonging to various Hindu Malaiyali groups or races were interviewed
during field trips and asked questions regarding the traditional use of medicinal plants. The data collected
reveals that about 61 plant species belonging to 38 families find use in day to day life including medicinal,
aromatic and cultural. The present study also details the herbal cures for different disorders, based on the
information obtained from local herbalists or traditional healers. Then collected the medicinal plants are
Enumeration of botanical name, Family, vernacular, common name and plant medicinal used. The common
diseases treated by the herbal practitioner were asthma, digestive problems, paralyzes, skin diseases, diabetes,
jaundice, fever, rheumatism, piles, stomachache and eye disease.
Variation Of Phytolith Morphotypes Of Some Members Of Cucurbitaceae Juss.iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Wild Vegetable Used By the Tribal and Rural People of Area Kolwan, Arni Tahsi...paperpublications3
Abstract: Different wild vegetable used by Tribal and Rural people at Kolwan area of Arni Tahasil Dist. Yavatmal, (M.S.) India. Present survey studied during March, 2nd 2014 to January, 2nd 2015. A total 18 wild vegetable species were found used by these Tribal people. The study was done to observe the different species varieties used for the food purpose, on the condition of Biodiversity and also to conserve them.
Herbal Cures Practised By Rural Populace In Varanasi Region Of Eastern U.P.(I...IOSR Journals
A survey based study to collect information regarding use of herbs as household treatment of common ailments in rural areas of Varanasi region of eastern U.P. was undertaken .In Varanasi as in other parts of India , the people especially those residing in rural and semi-urban areas still practise herbal cures for many of their ailments. In the present investigation a total of 40 medicinally important plant species belonging to 27 families were recorded which are frequently used by local populace to cure diseases such as cold,cough,fever,snake bite,boils piles etc.As plants are easily available and sometimes the only source of healthcare available to poor therefore there is a great need for preservation of such medicinal plants.
A Survey on the Pteridophyte Flora of the 18 Selected Sacred Groves in Chalav...IJEABJ
An exploratory survey conducted on Pteridophytic flora in the 18 selected sacred groves of Chalavara Grama panchayath, Ottapalamtaluk, Palakkad district, Kerala lead to the collection of 26 species of pteridophytes coming under 20 genera and 14 families. Among them, 02 families belongs to class Lycopsida, 01 family belongs to class Psilotopsida and remaining belongs to class Polypodiopsida. Out of 26 species 21 species are terrestrial, 3 species are epiphytes and 2 species are aquatic.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Some Important Medicinal Plants Used Widely in Southwest Bengal, IndiaIJERA Editor
The present article reflects 30 important medicinal plant species of Southwest Bengal, India with their botany, medicinal uses and ecological perspectives in brief. Plants were collected from home gardens, forests, wasteland, shrubbery and other places of ecological importance in the study sites. It covers phenology of plants and plantation treatment of propagules during nursery preparations. It would help the researchers better to use this work as a model to generate data from natural sites to plan the habitat management and to generate conservation strategies. It would help the environmentalists to conserve species in near future by formulating model for eco-sustenance of species as well as for the habitat conservation in other places.
CONSERVATIONAL STUDIES ON CHLOROPHYTUM BORIVILIANUM (SAFED MUSLI) IN NANDUR...American Research Thoughts
An ethno-ecological and ethno-medicinal survey was conducted in various parts of
Nandurbar dist. of Maharashtra to find out the cause of loss of biodiversity and abundance of
Chlorophytum borivilianum. Investigation are proceeds to tracing and finding the alternative ways to
conservation of Chlorophytum borivilianumat their natural as well as to introductions as a crop in
agricultural sector due to huge ethno economic prospective.
Tribals depend much upon forest products for their various daily needs particularly food. Wild edible fruits play a significant role in the dietary requirements of the tribal and local communities. Purpose of the present study was to document the wild fruits used as food by tribals as well as rural people in North Maharashtra. Inall fruits of 46 species, belonging to 25 families of which 23 are dicotyledonous and 02 monocotyledons, are documented as edible. Amongst these, 24 are trees followed by 09 shrubs, 07 climbers and 06 herbs. Mostly, fruits of tree species are utilized. Fruits of 28 species are eaten raw (02 unripe and 23 ripe) and 24 species are cooked. Fruits of 04 species are pickled, while that of one species used to extract oil. Market survey was also done for fruits with commercial value. This is an attempt to bring underutilized wild fruits in focus.
Article Citation:
Kshirsagar Prachi P, Prabha Y. Bhogaonkar and Vishal R. Marathe.
Underutilized wild fruits of North Maharashtra.
Journal of Research in Plant Sciences (2012) 1(1): 071-076
Full Text:
http://www.plantsciences.co.in/documents/PS0021.pdf
Investigation of traditional veterinary phytomedicines used in deosai plateau...Shujaul Mulk Khan
In the present investigation, the traditional ethno veterinary knowledge is totally in the custody of elder members of the community. The young ones are unaware about such important practices. Previously no ethno veterinary study has been carried out from this study area. Therefore, present study has been designed to record the ethno botanical uses of indigenous plants Deosai Plateau, Pakistan. Total 59 people of different ages (38 Males and 21 females) were interviewed and information was collected through semi-structured questionnaires. The data obtained were quantitatively analyzed using Use Value (UVi) formula and Relative Citations Frequency (RFC ). The collected specimens were pressed, dried, preserved, mounted on Herbarium sheets and after confirmed identification were submitted in the Herbarium, Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan. The present findings revealed that thirteen medicinal plant species were recorded for their ethno veterinary uses. Belonging to nine families out of which 92% are herbs and 8% shrubs. Polygonaceae is the dominant family used in the treatment of different disease (23.07%) followed by lamiaceae and apiaceae. Majority of species were used in treatment of digestive disorder (9.4%), followed by diarrhea (7.5%), abdominal and dysentery (5.6%). Leaves and roots are the most frequently used parts in the treatment of various diseases (29%) each, followed by flower (18%). Medicinal plants most with used values were Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle (0.84), Rheum webbianum Royle (0.80) and Berberis orthobotrys Bien. ex Aitch. (0.76) while most relative citations frequency was of Rheum spiciforme Royle (0.35), Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle (0.27), Berberis orthobotrys Bien. ex Aitch. (0.27).
biodiversity of medicinal plants in thudaripettai villageIJEAB
The medicinal plants have received more attention among researchers to treat various diseases and disorders. This study was aimed to record the various medicinal plants present in Thudaripettai Village situated in Tharangambadi Taluk, Nagapattinam district of Tamil Nadu. A total of 60 plant species belonging to 35 families were reported with their medicinal values. These results will provide information about medicinal plants and methods of utilization of these plants to cure various diseases of mankind. Survey of the information of medicinal plants used by the villagers were collected and arranged alphabetically followed by common name, vernacular name, family name, parts of use, methods of uses, medicinal uses and their habit. The information is very much useful for further research which will lead to the discovery of new bioactive compounds from the above medicinal plants.
ABSTRACT- Uttrakhand has tremendous potential for medicinal plants cultivation and in becoming one of the
important options for sustainable livelihood in the Doon valley as well as all hilly regions. Doon-valley, Uttrakhand can
take advantages of increasing demand and low availability of medicinal and aromatic plants resources in the other parts
of the country and start to grow highly valuable medicinal plants in high altitude areas. Medicinal and aromatic plants can
play an important role in the subsistence livelihood enhancement rural people, especially women through an
environmentally sustainable manner while maintaining the biodiversity of these natural products.
Key-words- Endangered plants, Medicinal flora, Indigenous use, Medicinal and aromatic plants
ABSTRACT- The diversity, floristic composition of medicinal plants in the two block of Rajouri was studied. A total of
25 plant species belong to 23 families were recorded Rutaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rosaceae, Amerenthaceae, Polygoneaceae,
Fabaceae, Apocynaceae the all were diverse families. The present studied documented to ethanobotanical information of
25 plant species belong to 23 families were collected and identified by their vernacular and scientific name. In which 10
species ware harb, 9 were sharb, and 9 were tree out of 25 species flower of 5 plants species, roots of 4 plants species,
Leaf of 9 plants species ,Fruits of 5 plants species, seed of 3 plants species,stem and bark of 3 plant species,tuber and
aerial portion of 2 plant species respectively. The gujjar and bukkerwal tribes used all 25 species of plants to treat various
diseases.
Key-words- Ethnomedicinal plants, Traditional knowledge Gujjar-Bakerwaltribes, Rajouri
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), www.iosrphr.org, call for paper, research...iosrphr_editor
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), www.iosrphr.org, call for paper, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper, journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call for research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, call for paper 2012, journal of pharmacy, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, research and review articles, Pharmacy journal, International Journal of Pharmacy, hard copy of journal, hard copy of certificates, online Submission, where to publish research paper, journal publishing, international journal, publishing a paper
Similar to Selection of Plants Species Hanuman Langurs (Semnopithecus entellus) as Food In Chitrakoot Forest Range of M.P. (20)
"Heart failure is a typical clinical accompanied by symptoms syndrome (e.g. shortness of breath, ankle swelling and fatigue) that lead to structural or functional abnormalities of the heart (e.g. high venous pressure, pulmonary edema and peripheral edema).
In recent years, the significant role of B-type natriuretic peptide has been revealed in the pathogenesis of heart disease and the use of the drug sacubitril/valsartan has started. It has a positive effect on the regulation of the level of B-type natriuretic peptide in the body. It is obviously seen from the the world literature that natriuretic peptides play an important role in the pathophysiology of heart failure. For this reason, many studies suggest that the importance of natriuretic peptides in the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure is recommended.
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
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This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
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Selection of Plants Species Hanuman Langurs (Semnopithecus entellus) as Food In Chitrakoot Forest Range of M.P.
1. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2013): 4.438
Volume 4 Issue 1, January 2015
www.ijsr.net
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
Selection of Plants Species Hanuman Langurs
(Semnopithecus entellus) as Food In Chitrakoot
Forest Range of M.P.
Manoj Kumar Mishra1
, Dr. S. K. Chaturvedi2
Department of Biological Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Satna M.P. 485780, India
Abstract: Each organisms obtaining food in a precise form which depends on its genetic potentials. The availability of food influenced
the troop home size in the focal troops. Present work discussing the availability of food stuff and home range. When food available in
plenty, home range tends to decreased and when food available in scared the home range increased.
Keywords: folivores langurs home range provisioned food arboreal.
1. Introduction
Semnopithecus entellus is commonly known as the
Hanuman langur and distributed throughout India. Hanuman
langurs is listed as the least concern species in IUCN red list
categories, CITES Appendix I and schedule II in wildlife
protection Act 1972 (India). Hanuman langurs are mainly
florivores, feed on leaves, flowers, seeds, buds and fruits.
However some literature proof that Hanuman langurs
consume insect pupae on leaves and eggs of nesting birds
1973, Rahaman. Hanuman langurs are present everywhere in
Chitrakoot especially in Hanumandhara Kamtanath,
Satianusuiya, Gupt-Godavari and Sphatikshila. All of these
Hindu Religious places, except these places, langurs are
also found in roadsides trees and villages. Semnopithecus
entellus has invaded agriculture areas and causes losses to
the farmers.
2. Study Area
A field study of Semnopithecus entellus was conducted in
Chitrakoot forest as well as religious places. The study area
constitutes about 57868.496 ha. which is surrounded by
Hills and Mountains. The average total rainfall of about
1024.8 mm. Chitrakoot forest is mostly mixed , the
Boswellia serrata (Salai), Acacia catechu (Khair), Bamboo
spp Anogiessus pendula (Kardhai) are sub types occur as
small patches within the mixed forest. All plants species
does not lose their leaves at the same time. A detailed
floristic study of Chitrakoot region has been carried out by
Sikarwar, 2003 -2008 and found that there are about 750
species, 445 genera and 111 families of flowering plants
found in Chitrakoot. out of 750 species, 76% belong to dicot
and 24% belong monocot.
3. Methodology
we used visual animal sampling method to record on feeding
behavior. With the help of direct observation of langurs
feeding on plants parts like stem, leaves, flowers etc., made
a table in the field. We examine the utilization of different
food plant by Hanuman langurs opportunistically in the
study area. overall 30 plants species were utilized by
Hanuman langurs during the study period.
4. Result
The hanuman langurs is mainly folivorous, but they obtain
food to raid on cultivated fields, gardens, orchards and they
also get provisioned food by the tourist. The food resource
of langurs at chitrakoot is seasonal in their availability and
leaves are the major portion of their diet. In adverse
condition they fed on bark of the bamboos. In chitrakoot
there are 30 plant species used by hanuman langurs in their
diet ( See Table no 1). Except these some of the provisioned
food like Chana, Lai, Biscuits, Laddu, Chapati, Banana,
Guava, and Mango are frequently fed by people. Some
provisioned items available in all months while the others
are seasonal. It was observed that the availability of food is
also affect the home range of troops, if the food is available
in it’s home range, then they get enough food near by and
they did not travel a long distance to search of food, thus
their home range is decreased. On the other hands if the food
available is less quantity, then langurs travel more distance
in search of food and thus the home range increased. The
home range of hanuman langurs is also affected by
provisioning because chitrakoot is famous and historical
hindu religious place, so a lot of pilgrims come to here from
the different region of the worlds. They provide provisioning
food in to the langurs. In some places of chitrakoot such as
Hanumandhara, Godavari, SatiAnusuiya and Kamadgiri the
provisioned food available in high quantity. It is an
important part of langur diet, it ranges maximum in
December and January and minimum in May and June.
Availability of provisioned items in these places langurs get
more food within the home range which stop their travel so
their home range is also decreased. In chitrakoot the
Hanumandhara langurs troops get more provisioned food
items round the year, thus their home ranges are also
minimum in comparison to other troops. During study
period, it was observed that the food resource is one of the
major factors which are responsible for group competition.
In Sati Anusuiya one troops are located and they are feeding
natural plants as well as provisioned items provided by
tourist, it was noted that the dominant rank first eat the
provisioned items given by tourist, but during natural
feeding the dominant behaviour was less because at this site
the natural food resources in plenty, but when climatic
Paper ID: IJSR4605 4
2. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2013): 4.438
Volume 4 Issue 1, January 2015
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condition is unfavourable, the natural food resources is
scarcity the competition has increase between the groups.
Table 1: Utilization of plant species as food by hanuman langurs (Semnopithecus entellus) in Chitrakoot forest Range
between August 2011 and September 2012
S. No. Botanical Name Local name Family Habit Parts Consumed
1 Acacia indica Babool Mimosaceae Tree Leaves
2 Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae Tree Leaves
3 Ficus racemosa Umar Moraceae Tree Leavea& Fruits
4 Ficus bengalensis Bargad Moraceae Tree Leaves& Fruits
5 Diospyros melanoxylon Tendu Ebenaceae Tree Leaves& Fruits
6 Ficus religiosa Pipal Moraceae Tree Tender Leaves, & Fruits
7 Madhuca longifolia Mahua Sapotaceae Tree Leaves &Fruits
8 Mangifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae tree Flower, Fruits & Seeds
9 Syzygium cuminii Jamun Myrtaceae Tree Fruits
10 Tamarindus indica Imli Caesalpiniaceae Tree Leaves & Fruits
11 Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae Tree Leaves
12 Anthocephallus chinensis Kadamb Rubiaceae Tree Fruits
13 Holoptelia integrifolia Chilla Ulmaceae Tree Fruits
14 Lannaea coromandelica Gurja Anacardiaceae Tree Ripe fruits
15 Prosopis juliflora Vilayti babool Mimosaceae Tree Leaves.Pods &Seed
16 Psidium guajava Aamrood Myrtaceae Tree Leavea & Fruits
17 Terminalia arjuna Kauhua Combretaceae Tree Dry fruits & Tendril
18 Ziziphus mauritiana Ber Rhamnaceae Tree Leavea, Fruits &Seed
19 Lantana camara Gadhaeli Verbenaceae Shrub Leaves &Flower
20 Carecapapaya Papita Caricaceae Shrub Fruits
21 Carissa caranda Karodha Apocynaceae Shrub Fruits
22 Cassia obtusifolia Chakauda Caesalpiniaceae Herb Leaves, pods and seeds
23 Celastrus paniculatus Malkangini Celastraceae Shrub Fruits
24 Chenopodium album Bathua Chenopodiaceae Herb Leaves
25 Clerodendrum serratum Bharangi Verbenaceae Shrub Fruits
26 Cucumis melo varagrestis Sendia Cucurbitaceae Herb Fruits
27 Cuscuta reflexa Amarbel Cuscutaceae Herb Stem
28 Ziziphus nummularia Makoiya Rhamnaceae Shrub Fruits
29 Thevetia peruviana Kaner Apocynaceae Shrub Androecium
30 Tinospora Giloe Menispermaceae Climber Fruits and
5. Discussion
Majumder et al. 2010, our found that 50 plant species were
utilized by hanuman langurs in Pench Tiger Reserve,
Madhya Predesh.while the Hadi et al. found that Presbytis
potenziani utilized 118 food plant species in his study. on
the other hand Ahsan and Khan 2006, observed the
hanuman langurs of Keshabpur (Bangladesh) consumed
food from over 60 plants species of natural and cultivated
plant. we observed the utilization of different food plant
species by hanuman langurs in the study area and found that
langurs spend maximum time of feeding, and they utilized
30 plant species and their various parts (leaves, fruits,
flowers, barks, stem, and petiole) for their diet. Hanuman
langurs mostly arboreal animal, they spend most of the
time on tree, but we opportunistically found that sometimes
hanuman langur sitting on ground and eats seeds of Pueraria
tuberose (Bidarikand )tree, and provisioned food items
provided by pilgrims. This finding is similar to that reported
earlier by Majumder (2010).It was also observed that the
langurs used different techniques to intake food items,
generally they picked up, hold and ate the food from the
hands and sometime they picked and put directly in to the
mouth or some food items such as jackfruit or other large
fruits they ate directly from trees.Hanuman langurs does not
eat whole part of the plants, but they utilized some portion
such as mature leaves of Lantana camara, fruits apex of
Syzygium cumini (Jamun), bark of bamboos, stem of
sugarcane and ripe fruits of Lannaea coromandelica. Sayers
and Norconk, 2008 our study showed that in winter season
hanuman langurs mostly utilized leaf buds of Cotoneaster
frigidus and Sorbus cuspidate and ripe fruits, but in
Chitrakoot forest range we do not found these plant species.
6. Conclusion
The hanumans of chitrakoot consumed food from 30 plants
species of natural and cultivated plant, in addition to the
provisioned food either offered by pilgrims or stolen from
them by the hanumans. It was also observed that the
hanumans eat a lot of cultivated crops such as gram.pea,
carrot cabbage brinjal etc.
References
[1] Majumder Aniruddha, Abinash Parida, K.Sankar and
QamarQureshi Utilization of food plant species and
abundance of hanuman langurs (Semnopithecus entellus)
in Pench Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India
Taprobanica, , Vol. 02, No.02:pp105-108, 2010
[2] Rajpurohit D.S. and Rajpurohit L.S. Rank order and
resource utilization in hanuman langurs (Semnopithecus
entellus ) around Jodhpur, Rajasthan (India).Journal of
Nature conservation, Vol.18(1), P-91-96, 2006
Paper ID: IJSR4605 5
3. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2013): 4.438
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Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
[3] Minhas Riaz Aziz, AhmedKhawaja Basharat,
Muhammad Siddique Awan, Naeem Iftikhar Dar, Habitat
utilization and Feeding Biology of Himalayan Grey
Langur (Semnopithecus entellus ajex) in Machiara
National Park, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan,
Zoology Research, Apr.31(2);177-188, 2011
[4] Ken Sayers. Marilyn A. Norconk Himalayan
Semnopithecus entellus at Langtang National Park,
Nepal;Diet, Activity Patterns, and Resources, Int J
Primatol(2008) 29;509-530, 2008
[5] Ahsan M.Farid and Khan M.A. Reza Eco-ethology of
the common langur Semnopithecus entellus in
Bagladesh, Univ. j.zool.Rajshahi Univ.Vol.25,
2006.pp.3-10, 2006
[6] Chhangani Anil K. and Mohnot Surendra M., Ranging
Behviour of Hanuman langurs (Semnopithecus entellus)
in Three Different Habitats, journal of Primate
Conservation (21);171-177, 2006
Paper ID: IJSR4605 6