SeedsandPlants.ppt
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Ramonita Rodriguez's goal is to teach first grade students about how plants grow from seeds. Seeds come in different shapes and sizes, and contain a tiny plant, food, and protective coat. Seeds travel via wind, water, or animals and need soil, water and sunlight to grow. Plants go through stages of germination, sprouting, developing leaves and roots, forming flower buds, and becoming a full-grown plant. Plant parts like stems, roots, leaves and flowers each have important jobs in helping the plant survive. Students will learn about the parts of trees and different types of plants like flowers and bushes. They will also learn which parts of plants we can eat, such as seeds, roots, leaves and
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Parts of a plant we eat
Seeds contain new plants and are protected by a seed coat. Seeds need soil, water, and sunlight to grow into plants that have different stages of development, including leaves, stems, flowers, fruits, and roots. Plants have various parts like stems that transport water and food, roots that take in water and minerals, and leaves that produce food through photosynthesis. There are different types of plants like trees, flowers, and bushes. The parts of plants we can eat include seeds, roots, leaves, and stems.
Seedsand plants
Seeds contain new plants and come in different shapes, sizes, and colors. They are covered in seed coats that protect the tiny leaves and roots inside. Seeds also contain food for the new plant. Seeds can travel by sticking to socks, animal fur, or blowing in the wind. For a seed to grow into a plant it needs soil, water, and sunlight. Flowers produce seeds which when planted can grow into new plants in gardens. A growing plant goes through stages including the germ growing inside the seed, the plant shooting up from the germ, roots developing, leaves growing, and finally a full grown plant with leaves, stems, flowers and roots.
ROOTS
The document discusses the parts of plants and parts that humans eat. It describes that seeds contain new plants, having different shapes, sizes, and colors. Seeds are covered to protect the tiny leaves and roots inside, and contain food for the new plant. Seeds can travel by sticking to socks or animal fur, or blowing in the wind. Plants need soil, water, sunlight to grow. The document also discusses plant parts like stems that carry water and food, roots that collect water and minerals, and leaves that make food for the plant. It lists some common plants parts we eat including seeds, roots, leaves, and stems.
The parts of a seed
The document discusses the three main parts of a seed - the seed coat, stored food, and baby plant. It then describes the four main parts of a plant - roots, stem, leaves, and flower. The roots take in water and minerals from the soil. The stem carries water and helps the plant grow tall. The leaves make food for the plant using sunlight, water, and air. The flower makes seeds to form new plants.
Parts of the Plants
This document discusses the parts of plants and their functions. It identifies the main parts as leaves, fruits, stems, roots, and flowers. It describes the function of each part, with roots taking in water and nutrients, stems transporting water and nutrients, leaves making food through photosynthesis, flowers attracting insects to help make seeds, and fruits containing seeds. It lists the uses of plants as food, beautification, wood, and medicine.
Plant parts A Presentation By Mr. Allah dad Khan Visiting Professor the Univ...
Plant parts A Presentation By Mr. Allah dad Khan Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar allahdad52@gmail.com
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This document describes the main parts of a plant, including the seed, roots, leaves, seedling, flower, fruit, pollen, and stem. Seeds are protected by a seed coat and sprout into seedlings, whose roots take in water and nutrients from the soil while the stem grows upward. Leaves use sunlight, water, and air to photosynthesize and produce food for the plant. Flowers contain pollen and produce fruit containing seeds, completing the life cycle.
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The document is about the different parts of a plant and their functions. It discusses the root system including tap roots and fibrous roots. It describes the shoot system including the stem, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. It explains that plants are essential as they provide food, oxygen, and play an important role in the environment. Without plants, there would be no food or fresh air. The document contains examples of different plant parts and types of plants like trees, shrubs, herbs, climbers and creepers. It also includes a short quiz about the plant parts.
Recommended
Parts of a plant we eat
Seeds contain new plants and are protected by a seed coat. Seeds need soil, water, and sunlight to grow into plants that have different stages of development, including leaves, stems, flowers, fruits, and roots. Plants have various parts like stems that transport water and food, roots that take in water and minerals, and leaves that produce food through photosynthesis. There are different types of plants like trees, flowers, and bushes. The parts of plants we can eat include seeds, roots, leaves, and stems.
Seedsand plants
Seeds contain new plants and come in different shapes, sizes, and colors. They are covered in seed coats that protect the tiny leaves and roots inside. Seeds also contain food for the new plant. Seeds can travel by sticking to socks, animal fur, or blowing in the wind. For a seed to grow into a plant it needs soil, water, and sunlight. Flowers produce seeds which when planted can grow into new plants in gardens. A growing plant goes through stages including the germ growing inside the seed, the plant shooting up from the germ, roots developing, leaves growing, and finally a full grown plant with leaves, stems, flowers and roots.
ROOTS
The document discusses the parts of plants and parts that humans eat. It describes that seeds contain new plants, having different shapes, sizes, and colors. Seeds are covered to protect the tiny leaves and roots inside, and contain food for the new plant. Seeds can travel by sticking to socks or animal fur, or blowing in the wind. Plants need soil, water, sunlight to grow. The document also discusses plant parts like stems that carry water and food, roots that collect water and minerals, and leaves that make food for the plant. It lists some common plants parts we eat including seeds, roots, leaves, and stems.
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The document discusses the three main parts of a seed - the seed coat, stored food, and baby plant. It then describes the four main parts of a plant - roots, stem, leaves, and flower. The roots take in water and minerals from the soil. The stem carries water and helps the plant grow tall. The leaves make food for the plant using sunlight, water, and air. The flower makes seeds to form new plants.
Parts of the Plants
This document discusses the parts of plants and their functions. It identifies the main parts as leaves, fruits, stems, roots, and flowers. It describes the function of each part, with roots taking in water and nutrients, stems transporting water and nutrients, leaves making food through photosynthesis, flowers attracting insects to help make seeds, and fruits containing seeds. It lists the uses of plants as food, beautification, wood, and medicine.
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This document describes the main parts of a plant, including the seed, roots, leaves, seedling, flower, fruit, pollen, and stem. Seeds are protected by a seed coat and sprout into seedlings, whose roots take in water and nutrients from the soil while the stem grows upward. Leaves use sunlight, water, and air to photosynthesize and produce food for the plant. Flowers contain pollen and produce fruit containing seeds, completing the life cycle.
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The document is about the different parts of a plant and their functions. It discusses the root system including tap roots and fibrous roots. It describes the shoot system including the stem, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. It explains that plants are essential as they provide food, oxygen, and play an important role in the environment. Without plants, there would be no food or fresh air. The document contains examples of different plant parts and types of plants like trees, shrubs, herbs, climbers and creepers. It also includes a short quiz about the plant parts.
Plant Parts2
Plants have four basic parts - leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Leaves produce food for the plant through photosynthesis. Stems transport water and nutrients throughout the plant and provide structural support. Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil and anchor the plant. Flowers allow for reproduction and the development of fruits and seeds.
Plant Parts
Plants have four basic parts - leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Leaves use photosynthesis to produce food for the plant from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide. Stems transport water and nutrients from the roots and food from the leaves. Roots anchor the plant and absorb water and minerals from the soil. Flowers allow reproduction through pollination and development of fruits and seeds.
Plant parts
Plants have four basic parts - leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Leaves use photosynthesis to produce food for the plant from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide. Stems transport water and nutrients from the roots and food from the leaves. Roots anchor the plant and absorb water and minerals from the soil. Flowers allow reproduction through pollination and development of fruits and seeds.
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if you liked this presentation about plants and want to see more from science_lablinks then write what do you wanna see more at
science_lablinks@yahoo.com/hotmail.com
or see our site
www.lablinkspk.com
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This document outlines the main parts of a plant, including the seed coat, roots, leaves, flowers, fruit, and stem. It explains that seed coats protect seeds, roots carry water and nutrients from the soil, leaves use sunlight to make food for the plant, flowers make seeds, and fruit surrounds seeds. It also defines germination, pollen, seedlings, and the functions of roots and leaves.
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if you liked this presentation about plants and want to see more from science_lablinks then write what do you wanna see more at
science_lablinks@yahoo.com/hotmail.com
or see our site
www.lablinkspk.com
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This document discusses the parts and functions of plants. It describes the main plant parts including leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Leaves perform photosynthesis to produce food. Stems transport water, minerals, and food and provide support. Roots absorb water and nutrients from soil. Flowers produce seeds through sexual reproduction and attract pollinators like insects.
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This document summarizes key aspects of plant structure and function. It describes how plants are grouped based on characteristics like whether they are vascular or nonvascular. It explains the main parts of vascular plants - roots, stems, and leaves - and their various structures and functions. The document also details photosynthesis, the process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce oxygen and energy in the form of sugar. It compares how plants, animals, and decomposers obtain energy and survive.
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The document discusses the different parts of a plant and their uses. It describes the root, which grows underground and takes in water and minerals, and the shoot, which includes the stem, leaves, flowers and fruits above ground. It then provides details on the uses of each part, including that leaves perform photosynthesis to make food, stems transport water and food, roots provide support and absorb water, and flowers help with reproduction by forming fruits containing seeds.
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if you liked this presentation about plants and want to see more from science_lablinks then write what do you wanna see more at
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or see our site
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This document provides an overview of plant classification and structure. It begins by discussing the importance of plants and how they are classified from the broadest groups of vascular vs. nonvascular plants. It then describes the major vascular plant groups of gymnosperms and angiosperms, and how angiosperms are further divided into monocots and dicots. The document outlines the key structures and functions of plant parts like flowers, leaves, stems, and roots. It also covers plant reproduction, growth, and environmental responses.
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This document summarizes the key parts of a plant and how they function. It explains that flowers produce seeds, roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil, and stems support leaves and flowers while transporting water and food. Leaves are responsible for photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration. The document then provides step-by-step instructions for planting a flower, noting that a pot, soil, seeds, water and sunlight are needed, and the seeds should be covered with soil and watered regularly.
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+
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−
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with a host spectroscopic redshift of
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±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
�
(
�
−
�
)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
�
Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
�
cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
�
) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
�
Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
�
truly diverge from their low-
�
counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
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Plants have four basic parts - leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Leaves produce food for the plant through photosynthesis. Stems transport water and nutrients throughout the plant and provide structural support. Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil and anchor the plant. Flowers allow for reproduction and the development of fruits and seeds.
Plant Parts
Plants have four basic parts - leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Leaves use photosynthesis to produce food for the plant from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide. Stems transport water and nutrients from the roots and food from the leaves. Roots anchor the plant and absorb water and minerals from the soil. Flowers allow reproduction through pollination and development of fruits and seeds.
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Plants have four basic parts - leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Leaves use photosynthesis to produce food for the plant from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide. Stems transport water and nutrients from the roots and food from the leaves. Roots anchor the plant and absorb water and minerals from the soil. Flowers allow reproduction through pollination and development of fruits and seeds.
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if you liked this presentation about plants and want to see more from science_lablinks then write what do you wanna see more at
science_lablinks@yahoo.com/hotmail.com
or see our site
www.lablinkspk.com
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This document outlines the main parts of a plant, including the seed coat, roots, leaves, flowers, fruit, and stem. It explains that seed coats protect seeds, roots carry water and nutrients from the soil, leaves use sunlight to make food for the plant, flowers make seeds, and fruit surrounds seeds. It also defines germination, pollen, seedlings, and the functions of roots and leaves.
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if you liked this presentation about plants and want to see more from science_lablinks then write what do you wanna see more at
science_lablinks@yahoo.com/hotmail.com
or see our site
www.lablinkspk.com
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This document discusses the parts and functions of plants. It describes the main plant parts including leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Leaves perform photosynthesis to produce food. Stems transport water, minerals, and food and provide support. Roots absorb water and nutrients from soil. Flowers produce seeds through sexual reproduction and attract pollinators like insects.
intro_to_plants.ppt
The document provides information about plants, including common plant names, parts of plants, the life cycle of plants, how plants reproduce, what plants need to grow, plant adaptations, and uses of plants by humans. It includes diagrams labeling parts of plants, images showing the plant life cycle, and descriptions of processes like photosynthesis, pollination, seed dispersal methods, and responses of plants to their environment. It asks questions throughout to check the reader's understanding.
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Presentation created for my grade 3 class for their new science unit. The presentation includes information about: what is plants, how we use plants, where can we find them, what are the parts of a plant.
(c) Alex Noudelman
plants.ppt
This document summarizes key aspects of plant structure and function. It describes how plants are grouped based on characteristics like whether they are vascular or nonvascular. It explains the main parts of vascular plants - roots, stems, and leaves - and their various structures and functions. The document also details photosynthesis, the process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce oxygen and energy in the form of sugar. It compares how plants, animals, and decomposers obtain energy and survive.
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The document discusses the different parts of a plant and their uses. It describes the root, which grows underground and takes in water and minerals, and the shoot, which includes the stem, leaves, flowers and fruits above ground. It then provides details on the uses of each part, including that leaves perform photosynthesis to make food, stems transport water and food, roots provide support and absorb water, and flowers help with reproduction by forming fruits containing seeds.
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if you liked this presentation about plants and want to see more from science_lablinks then write what do you wanna see more at
science_lablinks@yahoo.com/hotmail.com
or see our site
www.lablinkspk.com
intro_to_plants.ppt
This document provides an overview of plant classification and structure. It begins by discussing the importance of plants and how they are classified from the broadest groups of vascular vs. nonvascular plants. It then describes the major vascular plant groups of gymnosperms and angiosperms, and how angiosperms are further divided into monocots and dicots. The document outlines the key structures and functions of plant parts like flowers, leaves, stems, and roots. It also covers plant reproduction, growth, and environmental responses.
Plant anatomy presentation
This document provides an overview of plant anatomy, focusing on the four basic plant parts - leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. It describes the structures and functions of each part in detail. For leaves, it outlines the tissues of the leaf including the epidermis, mesophyll layer, and vascular bundles. For stems, it discusses external structures, internal structures of monocots and dicots, and specialized stem types. It also defines the different types of roots and their internal and external parts. Finally, it examines the structures and types of flowers.
Plants organ system
Plants have four main organ systems: roots, stems, leaves, and reproductive structures. Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil and anchor the plant. Stems provide structure, support, and transport of water and nutrients. Leaves use photosynthesis to produce food for the plant and exchange gases. Reproductive structures such as flowers and fruits help plants reproduce by producing seeds.
Plant anatomy & physiology
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This document summarizes the key parts of a plant and how they function. It explains that flowers produce seeds, roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil, and stems support leaves and flowers while transporting water and food. Leaves are responsible for photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration. The document then provides step-by-step instructions for planting a flower, noting that a pot, soil, seeds, water and sunlight are needed, and the seeds should be covered with soil and watered regularly.
Parts of a Plant by Tireca Burgher
The document discusses the main parts of a plant, including seeds, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Seeds grow in soil and provide new plants, roots take in water and nutrients and help the plant stand up, stems carry water and nutrients throughout the plant and hold leaves, leaves provide food for fruits, flowers attract insects to scatter seeds, and fruits provide food for humans and animals and contain new seeds.
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National Science Olympiad (NSO)
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Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
+
53.13485
−
27.82088
with a host spectroscopic redshift of
2.903
±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
�
(
�
−
�
)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
�
Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
�
cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
�
) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
�
Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
�
truly diverge from their low-
�
counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDS
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
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•TradersandCo-operativesatmarketcentresneedstoragestructurestoholdgrainswhenthetransportfacilityisinadequate
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
CLASS 12th CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE ppt (Animated)
Description:
Dive into the fascinating realm of solid-state physics with our meticulously crafted online PowerPoint presentation. This immersive educational resource offers a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental concepts, theories, and applications within the realm of solid-state physics.
From crystalline structures to semiconductor devices, this presentation delves into the intricate principles governing the behavior of solids, providing clear explanations and illustrative examples to enhance understanding. Whether you're a student delving into the subject for the first time or a seasoned researcher seeking to deepen your knowledge, our presentation offers valuable insights and in-depth analyses to cater to various levels of expertise.
Key topics covered include:
Crystal Structures: Unravel the mysteries of crystalline arrangements and their significance in determining material properties.
Band Theory: Explore the electronic band structure of solids and understand how it influences their conductive properties.
Semiconductor Physics: Delve into the behavior of semiconductors, including doping, carrier transport, and device applications.
Magnetic Properties: Investigate the magnetic behavior of solids, including ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and ferrimagnetism.
Optical Properties: Examine the interaction of light with solids, including absorption, reflection, and transmission phenomena.
With visually engaging slides, informative content, and interactive elements, our online PowerPoint presentation serves as a valuable resource for students, educators, and enthusiasts alike, facilitating a deeper understanding of the captivating world of solid-state physics. Explore the intricacies of solid-state materials and unlock the secrets behind their remarkable properties with our comprehensive presentation.
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...ABHISHEK SONI NIMT INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL AND PARAMEDCIAL SCIENCES , GOVT PG COLLEGE NOIDA
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart Agriculture
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
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SeedsandPlants.ppt
- 2. Goal My goal is to help first grade students understand how the seed starts a new plant; stages, parts of the plant and their jobs, and what we eat.
- 3. Seeds contain new plants A seed is the start of a new plant The have different shapes, sizes and colors Flowers make seeds Covered in a seed coat to protect and keeps tiny leaves and root inside Contains food for the new plant
- 4. seeds travel seeds stick to socks stick to animal fur seeds blow in the wind seeds to grow need: Soil Water Sunlight Seeds are planted to grow in the gardens
- 5. Stage 1 Germ grows inside seed Stage 2 Plant shoots up from germ Roots develop down from germ Stage 3 Leaves develop Roots grow Plants’ Stages
- 6. Stage 4 Flower buds grow Stage 5 Full-grown plant Leaves, stems, flowers and roots
- 7. Plant Parts Stems Have little tubes that carry water and food to the rest of the plant Hold up leaves and flowers of the plant Grass, flowers, and vines have soft stems Roots Collect water and minerals for the plant They hold the plant in the ground Some plants store food in the roots
- 8. Leaves Make food for the plant Green leaves + air + sunlight = plant food Flowers Flowers are many sizes, colors, and shapes Make seeds The seeds grow into new plants
- 9. Kinds of Plants There are trees. Parts of the tree Roots Trunk (is the tree’s stem) Branch Leaves Fruit There are flowers. There are bushes.
- 10. Parts of the plants that we can eat Seeds Corn Roots Potatoes Carrots Leaves Lettuce Spinach Stem celery
- 11. Bibliography Jo Ellen Moore, “Plants” http://www.evan-moor.com Planting Flowers http://home1.gte.net/~vze3sk9y/mellie/flowers .htm Plants www.edhelper.com/plants.htm
- 12. Additional Resources - Worksheets Plants We Eat Favorite Flowers Parts of a Plant