This presentation discusses the following topics:
What is Recovery ?
Database Recovery techniques
System log
Working of Commit and Roll back
Recovery techniques
Backup techniques
ACID properties
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
Transactions should possess several properties, often called the ACID properties; they should be enforced by the concurrency control and recovery methods of the DBMS.
International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) provides a multidisciplinary passage for researchers, managers, professionals, practitioners and students around the globe to publish high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all theoretical and empirical aspects of Engineering and Science.
The peer-reviewed International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) is started with a mission to encourage contribution to research in Science and Technology. Encourage and motivate researchers in challenging areas of Sciences and Technology.
This presentation discusses the following topics:
What is Recovery ?
Database Recovery techniques
System log
Working of Commit and Roll back
Recovery techniques
Backup techniques
ACID properties
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
Transactions should possess several properties, often called the ACID properties; they should be enforced by the concurrency control and recovery methods of the DBMS.
International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) provides a multidisciplinary passage for researchers, managers, professionals, practitioners and students around the globe to publish high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all theoretical and empirical aspects of Engineering and Science.
The peer-reviewed International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) is started with a mission to encourage contribution to research in Science and Technology. Encourage and motivate researchers in challenging areas of Sciences and Technology.
Data is one of the important elements for any organization. As
we know that database is collection of data and programs to
perform operations on that data. So for the successful run for
any organization we have to secure our data. So in this paper
We have to focus on threats related to database as well as
several algorithms related to database security. Databases
have the highest rate of breaches among all business assets,
according to the 2012 Verizon Data Breach Report. Verizon
reported that 96% of records breached are from databases,
and the Open Security Foundation revealed that 242.6 million
records were potentially compromised in 2012.
Locking Down Your Data: Best Practices for Database SecurityFredReynolds2
Database security is a set of practices and technologies used to secure database management systems against malicious cyber-attacks and unauthorized access. Ensuring a database is intricate because it requires knowledge of multiple areas of information security, including application security, data security, and endpoint security.
Moreover, Database Security is the safeguarding of sensitive data and the prevention of data loss. Database Administrator (DBA) is responsible for ensuring database security.
Bluedog white paper - Our WebObjects Web Security Modeltom termini
At Bluedog, our seminal product, Workbench “Always on the Job!” social collaboration SAAS platform is secured the way we have architected all our three-tier Java-based web applications. We secure the application with input validation, a core authentication authorization framework based on LDAP and JINDI, configuration management that ensures testing for vulnerabilities, and strong use of cryptography. In addition, we utilize session management, exception control, auditing and logging to ensure security of the app and web services.
We also secure our routers and other aspects of the network as well as securing the host servers (patching, account management, directory access, and port monitoring). Most importantly, we design our WebObject web applications securely from the get-go.
Database security is a growing concern as the amount of sensitive data collected and retained in databases
is fast growing and most of these data are being made accessible via the internet. Majority of the companies, organizations and teaching and learning institutions store sensitive data in databases .As most of these data are electronically accessed , It can therefore be assumed that , the integrity of these numerous and sensitive data is prone to different kind of threat such as{Unauthorized access, theft as well access denial}. Therefore, the need for securing databases has also increased The primary objectives of database security are to prevent unauthorized access to data, prevent unauthorized tampering or modification of
data, and to also ensure that, these data remains available whenever needed. In this paper, we developed
a database security framework by combining different security mechanism on a sensitive students information database application designed for Shehu Shagari College of Education Sokoto (SSCOE) with the aim of minimizing and preventing the data from Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability threats
Attribute Based Encryption with Attribute Hiding in Cloud StorageIJTET Journal
Abstract— Cloud computing is widely used technologies that provides on-demand self services. One of the main services is cloud storage. Cloud storage is used to store up and access the data anywhere from the cloud. To have a have power over the data we necessitate a fine-grained access control system. One of the Fine-grained access control system is Attribute Based Encryption (ABE). The ABE system is used to provide access control using attributes. Attributes may be anything. For example, it may person‟s roles or date. In ABE system the encryption phase consists of access rules. Rules are depended on the data owner and the consumer. It is not hidden in the existing systems. Through this, users can get the useful information from access rules without decryption. To improve the effectiveness of the ABE system, a new ABE algorithm is proposed. The proposed ABE algorithm has the features hiding Attributes and Access Policies. Through this, users getting useful information from the cipher text are avoided. Attributes and Access policies are hidden by the hash function and polynomial functions. The proposed ABE system ensures data privacy and policy privacy. Through this, the efficiency of the attribute based encryption system is improved.
IT 650 Principles of Database DesignProject Milestone – 5.docxpriestmanmable
IT 650: Principles of Database Design
Project Milestone – 5
Topic: .
Under the guidance of
Professor: Dr. Steven. Case
Submitted by
Nikhil Balusani.
LAW, ETHICS, AND SECURITY
Legal and ethical Standards
Availability – the system should allow data to be available to the authorized person at the right time and with less effort needed to access it.
Integrity – data in the database should modified by only the authorized persons and in the correct way. Such that such modification or alterations do not bring conflict in the database meaning data should not be tampered with. If tampered this could amount to misuse.
Confidentiality factor- a system should be designed in such a way that it does not allow unauthorized person to access information which they don’t have permission for Vinyl records . There should be restriction to data accessed by different parties.
The system being developed should not negatively affect the health, safety and welfare of the users instead it should make life better.
A system developed should not perform illegal actions such as corrupting data, leaking of information or used in spying.
The policies and procedures used in the operation to the system being developed should must assure reliable data.
A system developed should be licensed; the legal process of obtaining license should be used.
One should not use software product that they don’t have license or are not authorized to use by the owner. Intellectual rights should not be violated.
Legal compliance
To ensure accurate data is entered every time the system should be able to validate data before Restricting access to data in the database through separating data into different tables with where user privileges are restricted. The design of the database should enable separating different object attributes of entities to restrict access to the whole entity information hence able to protect data from unauthorized access.
Database design methodology used in this case must allow scalability of the information such that the database will continue to function properly even when the data is increasing and hence ensure availability and reliability.
Integrity of the data should be done by setting access privileges in the physical design of the database which is implemented.
Security should be incorporated in all phases of the database development cycle. In the design phase the system.
Standards
The access to different types of databases is done through DBMS only, so for this the standards are easier to enforce. Standards may include and relate to structure of data, format of data, naming of data etc.... generally standardized data is used for the purpose of data exchange between various systems.
· The design of the database should be organized in a manner that the database system provides the overall service which is best for the organization. By this it can give response for the high critical applications when compared to less critical applications.
· The storage o ...
An Attribute-based Controlled Collaborative Access Control Scheme for Public ...JAYAPRAKASH JPINFOTECH
An Attribute-based Controlled Collaborative Access Control Scheme for Public Cloud Storage
To buy this project in ONLINE, Contact:
Email: jpinfotechprojects@gmail.com,
Website: https://www.jpinfotech.org
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Planning Of Procurement o different goods and services
Security and Integrity violations, Authorisation and views, Integrity Constant
1. Thank You!
L ogistics
E d i t t h i s t e x t h e r e
DBMS
Seminar
Security &
Integrity violations
Authorization
and views
Integrity
constraints
Presented By :
Prakash Kumar
MCA/25023/22
2. Security and
Integrity
Violations
The data stored in the database needs to be protected from
unauthorized access, malicious destruction or alteration, and
accidental introduction of inconsistency.
Misuse of the database can be categorized as being either
intentional (malicious) or accidental. Accidental loss of data
consistency may result from:
Crashes during transaction processing
Abnormalities due to concurrent access to the database
Abnormalities due to the distribution of data over several
computers
3. It is easier to protect accidental loss of data consistency than
to protect against malicious access to the database. Among
the forms of malicious access are the following:
Unauthorized reading of data (theft of information)
Unauthorized modification of data
Unauthorized destruction of data
Absolute protection of the database from malicious abuse is
not possible, but the cost of the perpetrator can be made
sufficiently high to deter most if not all attempts to access the
database without proper authority.
The term database security usually refers to security from
malicious access, while integrity refer to the avoidance of
accidental loss of consistency. In practice, the dividing line
between security and integrity is not always clear. We shall use
the term security to refer to both security and integrity in
cases where the distinction between these concepts is not
essential.
4. To protect the database, security measures must be taken at several
levels:
Physical: The site or sites containing the computer systems must be
physically secured against armed or surreptitious entry by intruders.
Human: Authorization of users must be done carefully to
chance of authorized user giving access to an intruder in exchange
for a bribe or other favors.
Operating system: No matter how secure the database system is,
in operating system security may serve as a means of unauthorized
access to the database. Since almost all database systems allow
remote access through terminals or networks, software-level
security within the operation system is as important as physical
security.
Database system: Some authorized database system users may be
authorized to access only a limited portion of the database. Other
users may be allowed to issue queries, but may be forbidden to
modify the data. It is the responsibility of the database system to
ensure that these restrictions are not violated.
5. Authorization and Views
The concept of views is a means of providing a user with a “personalized” model
of the database. A view can hide data that a user does not need to see. The
ability of views to hide data serves both to simplify usage of the system and to
enhance security. System usage is simplified since the user is allowed to restrict
attention to the data of interest. Security is provided if there is a mechanism to
restrict the user to his or her personal view or views.
Relational database systems typically provide security at two levels:
Relation: A user may be permitted or denied direct access to a relation
View: A user may be permitted or denied access to data appearing in a view.
Although a user may be denied direct access to a relation, the user may be able
to access part of that relation through a view. Thus, a combination of relational
level security and view level security can be used to limit a user’s access to
precisely the data that user needs.
6. A user may have several forms of authorization on part of the
database. Among these are the following:
Read authorization, which allows reading, but not
modification of data
Insert authorization, which allows insertion of new data, but
not the modification of existing data
Update authorization, which allows modification, but not
deletion, of data
Delete authorization, which allows deletion of data.
7. In addition to the above forms of authorization for access to data, a
user may be granted authorization to modify the database scheme:
Index authorization, which allow creation and deletion of indices
Resources authorization, which allow the creation new
relations
Alteration authorization, which allow the addition or deletion of
attributes in a relation
Drop authorization, which allows the deletion of relations
The drop and delete authorization differ in that delete authorization
allows deletion of tuples only. If a user deletes all tuples of a
relation, the relation still exists, but it is empty. If a relation is
dropped, it no longer exists.
8. Integrity constraints
Integrity constraints provide a means of ensuring that changes made
to the database by authorized users do not result in a loss of data
consistency.
In the network model and the E-R model, we saw integrity constraints
in the form of:
Key declarations, the stipulation that certain attributes form a
candidate key for a given entity set constrains the set of legal
insertions.
Form of a relationship, many-to–many, one–to–many, one–to–
one. A one-to– one or one–to-many relationship restricts the set of
legal relationships among entities of a collection of entity sets.
Another example of an integrity constraint is set retention in the
network model.
9. In general, an integrity constraint can be an arbitrary predicate pertaining to the
database. However, arbitrary predicates may be costly to test. Thus, we usually
limit ourselves to integrity constraints that can be tested with minimal overhead.
This is the purpose behind dependency – preserving decompositions of relation
schemes. Recall that in a dependency – preserving decomposition, it is
possible to test for satisfaction of the data dependencies without the need to
compute any joins. Domain – key normal is an ideal design from the point of
view of efficient testing of integrity constraints, since the only forms of constraint
that need be tested are key constraints and domain constraints.
If the key and domain constraints are satisfied, and the database scheme is in
DKNF, then all integrity constraints on the database are satisfied.
Key constraints are one of the most easily tested forms of consistency
constraint, especially if an index is maintained on that candidate key. During the
process of inserting a record into the database a lookup must be performed
using the index and any duplicate key values that may exist are found. Since
not all index search keys are candidate keys for the relation (Indices may be for
secondary keys), we need to declare an index to be either
Unique: Only one record may exist for a key value
Non-unique: Multiple records are allowed to have the same key value
10. Another form of constraint that is easy to test is domain
constraints. Testing domain constraints is analogous to runtime –
type checking in a programming language. A form of constraint
closely related to domain constraints involves the admissibility of
null values. We may forbid null values for certain attributes but
allow them for others.
Relatively few systems allow the expression of constraints that
are more complex than key declarations or domain constraints.
The original proposal for the SQL language included a general
purpose construct called the assert statement for the expression
of integrity constraints.
11. An assertion pertaining to a single relation takes the form:
For example, if we wish to define an integrity constraint that no
account balance is negative we write:
In its most general form, the assert statement takes the form: