The document discusses keys to making money in investing rather than focusing on being right in forecasts. It summarizes that successful investors use objective indicators rather than emotions, have discipline to stick to their system, are flexible enough to change their view when evidence shifts, and carefully manage risks. It provides insights from legendary investors like John Bogle, Paul Tudor Jones, and the Ned Davis Research Group about relying on indicators, not fighting trends, being wary of crowds at extremes, and prioritizing money making over being right.

1. Module - 61
Being Right or Making
Money
CMT LEVEL - I

2. Bad News about Forecasting (Being Right)
• The Alchemy of Finance,1 “My financial success stands in stark contrast with
my ability to forecast events. … all my forecasts are extremely tentative and
subject to constant revision in the light of market developments.”
• While 95 percent of the people on Wall Street are in the business of making
predictions, the super successful Peter Lynch, in his book Beating the Street
• Alan Shaw, says “The stock market is man's invention that has humbled him
the most.”
• Fellow legendary technician Bob Farrell warned, “When all the experts and
forecasts agree–something else is going to happen.
• Economist John Kenneth Galbraith put it this way, “We have two classes of
forecasters: those who don't know and those who don't know they don't
know.”

3. The Four Real Keys to Making Money
Objective
indicators
Discipline
Flexibility
Risk
Management

4. Objective indicators
• These legendary investors all used
objectively determined indicators
rather than gut emotion.
• What is an objective indicator? It
must be mathematical, with long
historical analysis to demonstrate its
effectiveness.
• One example might be the rate of
inflation.
• The chart in Figure 32.3 looks at the
year–to–year rate of inflation
relative to a five–year moving
average.

5. Discipline
• All the winners are very disciplined, remaining faithful to their
systems through good and bad times.
• This makes it very difficult to admit mistakes. Thus, to shift from
concentrating on being right to making money, I had to learn
discipline.
• discipline may not have made me more right over the past 40 years,
but it did control my mistakes and allowed me to be a much more
successful investor.
• Dan Sullivan said “Successful investors have several things in
common. First, they have patience. Second, successful investors are
like great athletes, they adhere to a strict discipline.”

6. Flexibility
• Winners were flexible enough to change their minds when
the evidence shifted, even if they did not understand why.
• In his book Winning on Wall Street,9 Marty Zweig talks
about how bearish he was during a sell–off in February and
March 1980: “I was sitting there looking at conditions and
being as bearish as I could be—but the market had reversed.
• “The problem with most people who play the market is that
they are not flexible … to succeed in the market you must
have discipline, flexibility, and patience.”

7. Risk Management
•Successful investors were risk managers. I asked Paul
Tudor Jones once what he does at work all day, and he
answered,
•“The first thing I do is try to figure out what is going to go
wrong, and then I spend the rest of the day trying to
cover my butt.”
•In Market Wizards, Paul says, “I am always thinking
about losing money as opposed to making money.” And
he is widely known as a risk taker!

8. List of seven insights from John Bogle
1) Balancing of return and risk is the task of
intelligent investing.
2)Predicting stock–market returns has a very high
margin of error.
3) Impulse is your enemy.
4) There is no escaping risk; a well–diversified
portfolio should provide remarkable growth over the
long term.

9. List of seven insights from John Bogle
5) Investing is simple, but it is not easy. It requires
discipline, patience, steadfastness, and common sense.
6) Be patient and ignore the crowd. If you can't resist
temptation, you absolutely must not manage your own
money.
7) The secret to investing is there is no secret.

10. The Nine Rules of Ned Davis Research Group
• Don't Fight the Tape
1. The tape provides a stop–loss for should–be beliefs.
2. The trend is your friend (smoothing's, slopes, and stop–losses).
a) Go with Mo (momentum, breadth thrusts, signs of churning).
b) Listen to the cold, bloodless verdict of the market (pay special
notice to indicators on the leading edge of the market like volume,
new highs or lows, the Dow Utilities, bonds, relative strength, etc.).
c) Moves with a lot of confirmation are the healthiest, and huge
moves are often global in nature.

11. The Nine Rules of Ned Davis Research Group
• Don't Fight the Fed
•1. Remain in harmony with interest–rate trends (rates
dropping is good; rates rising is bad).
• 2. Money moves markets. Stay in line with monetary trends
(especially money less economic demands equals liquidity
left over for financial markets).
• 3. Economic strains: inflationary pressures lead to Fed
tightness (up commodities, up gold, down dollar, rising real
interest rates).
• 4. Economic ease: disinflation leads to Fed ease.

12. The Nine Rules of Ned Davis Research Group
• Beware of the Crowd at Extremes
• 1. Go with the flow until it reaches a psychological extreme and begins
to reverse. At that point, it pays to take a contrary approach (reverse
inverted brackets).
• 2. Key relationship: liquidity and psychology are inversely related.
• 3. Extreme optimism equals low cash. Extreme fear equals high cash.
• 4. Liquidity is like shock absorbers on a car.
• 5. Is the theater crowded or empty?
• 6. Top is the point of maximum optimism. Bottom is the point of
maximum pessimism.
• 7. Valuation measures long–term extremes in psychology.

13. The Nine Rules of Ned Davis Research Group
• Rely on Objective Indicators
1. Rather than using gut emotions to determine the supply
and demand balance, use the weight–of–the–evidence
approach (computer–derived mathematical
measurements).
• Be Disciplined
1. Our mandate is to follow our models, forcing us to be
disciplined.
2. Benchmark or anchor composite model determines core
invested position.

14. The Nine Rules of Ned Davis Research Group
• Practice Risk Management
•1. We are in the business of making mistakes. Winners make
small mistakes, losers make big mistakes. We focus on a risk
management strategy to keep mistakes small (use stop–
losses and a heavy dose of technical trend–sensitive
indicators).
• Remain Flexible
•1. Indicators change and data is revised. Scenarios change.
Use dynamic modeling, such as standard deviation brackets.
Review models on an objective and timely basis.

15. The Nine Rules of Ned Davis Research Group
Money Management Rules
• 1. We are more interested in making money than being right.
• 2. Be humble and flexible (be ready to turn emotions upside down and thus
be open–minded).
• 3. Let profits run, cut losses short.
• 4. Think in terms of risks, including the risk of missing a bull market.
• 5. Buy on the rumor, sell on the news.
• 6. Consider cyclical, seasonal, progressive trading patterns that do not add to
models (for fun).
• Those Who Do Not Study History Are Condemned to Repeat Its Mistakes
• 1. Go back as far as possible. Use bull, bear, and neutral cycles.