8. Tell something about
the different layers of
the earth and how
they are connected to
the changes of the
earth’s surface.
9. There are basically 2 types of changes that
occur to the earth’s surface ;
1. Slow change
• slow change takes time and has a process.
• dissolves chemicals in the atmosphere and
this solution causes chemical reactions on
the various surfaces it falls on thereby
weakening those surfaces
2. Fast change
* Fast changes occur through the actions of
Earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, etc.
10. Group Activity:
Each group will make
a drawing of an earth
showing the different
layers.Let them label
each part.
11. The earth is made up
of layers.
These layers are the
crust, the mantle, and
the outer core and
inner core.
12.
13. At the very surface of the Earth is the
crust, the topmost layer, made
mostly out of solid silicate rocks like
basalt and granite.
We humans live on top of the crust.
Continental crust, the crust under which
the continents are built, is 10-70 km thick
Oceanic crust or the crust under the
oceans, is only 5-7 km thick.
14. The mantle is the second layer
of the earth. It is split up into
two different parts, the :
• lithosphere
(which is the top part)
• asthenosphere
(which is the bottom part).
15. The lithosphere is
a dense rock made out
of iron and nickel,
the temperature is
around 300 to 500
degrees celsius.
17. The mantle has the biggest volume of all
the layers, the volume of it is 84% of the
earth. It is 1,800 miles deep or 2,900
kilometers deep. In the mantle are
convection currents which make the
mantle move. The lower mantle heats up
and rises and cools down then gets
pushed down because it is heavier. Then I
keeps going on like that. The mantle
grows a meter a year.
18. Outer core
The outer core is a liquid
made up of iron and nickel.
The temperature of the
outer core is around 4400
degrees celsius. The depth
of the outer core is 2, 890.
19.
20. Inner core
The Inner crust is the second thinnest layer.
The inner core is hotter than the surface of the
sun. The inner core is made out of iron and
nickel. It is 5159 to 6378 km thick. The inner
core is extremely hot and is the last layer. The
inner core is 5505 degrees celsius. It is a solid
because of all the pressure from the other
layers putting there weight onto this layer. The
inner core grows.
21.
22.
23.
24. .1. The coolest layer of the earth is
A) crust
B) outer core
C) inner core
D) mantle
2. The crust is made mostly of
A) copper and magnesium
B) nitrogen
C) iron and nickel
D) oxygen and silicon
3. The mantle is the largest layer
A) True
B) False
4. An egg shell is a good model of the crust because
A) All of the choices
B) it can be cracked into pieces like plates
C) It's solid
D) it covers the outer surface of the egg
