A presentation about the Reproductive System

1. REPRODUCTIV
E SYSTEM
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF MALE
AND FEMALE
PREPARED BY GROUP 3
SCIENCE
CLASS

2. AFTER THIS REPORTING, YOU WILL:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Define the reproductive system and its primary function.
- Identify the major organs of the male and female reproductive systems and their
locations.
- List the functions of each major organ in both the male and female reproductive
systems.
- Describe the process of gamete (sperm and egg) production in males and
females.
- Explain the hormonal control of the menstrual cycle.
- Define key terms related to reproduction, such as fertilization, gestation, and
menstruation.
- Differentiate between internal and external reproductive organs in both males
and females.

3. WHAT IS REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM?
The male reproductive system is designed to produce sperm
and deliver it to fertilize an egg. Key components include
the testes, which produce sperm and testosterone; the
epididymis, where sperm mature; the vas deferens, which
transports sperm; the seminal vesicles and prostate gland,
which contribute fluids to semen; and the penis, which
delivers semen to the female reproductive tract. The
scrotum houses the testes, maintaining the optimal
temperature for sperm production. The entire system works
in coordination to ensure successful reproduction.
MALE

4. WHAT IS REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM?
The female reproductive system is a complex network of
organs designed to produce eggs (ova), facilitate
fertilization, nurture a developing fetus during pregnancy,
and deliver a baby. Key components include the ovaries
(producing eggs and hormones), fallopian tubes
(transporting eggs), uterus (housing the fetus), cervix
(opening to the vagina), and vagina (birth canal and site of
intercourse). Hormonal regulation, primarily through
estrogen and progesterone, governs the menstrual cycle
and prepares the body for potential pregnancy.
FEMALE

5. THE CREATIVITY OF REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

6. VAS
DEFERENS
The vas deferens is a
muscular tube that
carries mature sperm
from the epididymis to
the ejaculatory ducts,
which then merge with
the urethra. Its function
is sperm transport.
MEN
REPRODUCTIVE

7. SEMINAL
VESICLE
The seminal vesicles are two
small glands in males that
produce a significant
portion of the seminal fluid
(semen). Their function is to
provide fructose (a sugar)
and other nutrients to
nourish and energize the
sperm.
MEN
REPRODUCTIVE

8. PORTRATE
GLAND
The prostate gland is a walnut-sized
gland located below the bladder in
men. Its primary function is to
produce a fluid that nourishes and
protects sperm, contributing to the
overall volume of semen. This fluid
contains enzymes, zinc, and citric
acid, which help sperm survive and
move. The prostate also helps push
semen through the urethra during
ejaculation.
MEN
REPRODUCTIVE

9. BULBUORETHRA
L
GLAND
The bulbourethral gland, also known as
Cowper's gland, is a small, pea-sized gland
located at the base of the penis in men. Its
primary function is to produce a clear, mucus-
like fluid called pre-ejaculate. This fluid serves
two purposes:
1. Lubrication: Pre-ejaculate lubricates the
urethra, preparing it for the passage of semen
during ejaculation.
2. Neutralization: It neutralizes any residual
acidity in the urethra, creating a more
favorable environment for sperm to survive.
MEN
REPRODUCTIVE

10. ERICTILE
TISSUE
Erectile tissue is a specialized
tissue found in the penis and
clitoris. It's made up of spongy,
vascular spaces that can fill
with blood, causing the tissue
to become firm and erect. This
is crucial for sexual function,
allowing for penetration during
intercourse and enhancing
sensitivity.
MEN
REPRODUCTIVE

11. URETHRA The urethra is a tube that
carries urine from the
bladder to outside the body.
In males, it also carries
semen. Its primary function
is urination. In males, a
secondary function is
ejaculation
MEN
REPRODUCTIVE

12. PENIS The penis is the male
sexual organ. Its
primary function is to
deliver sperm during
sexual intercourse. It
also plays a role in
urination.
MEN
REPRODUCTIVE

13. EPIDYDYMIS
The epididymis is a long, coiled tube
located on the back of each testicle. It's
responsible for:
- Storing and maturing sperm: Sperm cells
produced in the testes move to the
epididymis, where they mature and become
capable of fertilization.
- Transporting sperm: When a man
ejaculates, the epididymis contracts,
pushing the mature sperm into the vas
deferens, which carries it to the urethra.
MEN
REPRODUCTIVE

14. URINARY
BLADDER
The urinary bladder is a hollow,
muscular organ in the pelvis
that stores urine produced by
the kidneys before urination.
Its main function is to
temporarily store urine until
it's released from the body.
MEN
REPRODUCTIVE

15. TESTIS The testes are the male
reproductive organs responsible
for producing sperm and
testosterone.
- Sperm: The male sex cells that
fertilize the egg.
- Testosterone: The male sex
hormone responsible for
developing male sexual
characteristics and regulating
MEN
REPRODUCTIVE

16. OVARIES
Ovaries are the female reproductive
organs responsible for:
- Producing eggs: They release one egg
each month during ovulation.
- Producing hormones: They create
estrogen and progesterone, which are
essential for:
- Menstrual cycle: Regulating periods.
- Sexual development: Influencing
puberty and secondary sex
characteristics.
- Pregnancy: Supporting a healthy
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE

17. OVIDUCT The oviduct, also known as the
fallopian tube, is a tube that connects
the ovary to the uterus in female
mammals. Its primary function is to
transport eggs from the ovary to the
uterus. Fertilization usually occurs in
the oviduct, where sperm meets the
egg. The oviduct also helps move the
fertilized egg towards the uterus for
implantation.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE

18. UTERINE
WALL
The uterine wall is the muscular structure forming
the walls of the uterus. Its primary functions are:
- Embryo implantation: The endometrium, the inner
layer of the uterine wall, provides a site for a
fertilized egg to implant and develop.
- Blood supply: The uterine wall's rich blood supply
nourishes the endometrium and the developing
fetus during pregnancy.
- Muscle contraction: The myometrium, the middle
muscular layer, contracts during labor to expel the
baby.
- Protection and support: The entire uterine wall
protects the developing fetus and provides
structural support to nearby organs.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE

19. UTERUS The uterus is a pear-shaped
organ in a woman's pelvis. Its
main function is to:
- House and nourish a
developing fetus during
pregnancy.
- Shed its lining (menstruation)
each month if pregnancy
doesn't occur.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE

20. ENDOMETRIUM The endometrium is the inner lining of
the uterus. Its main function is to prepare
for a potential pregnancy by:
- Thickening with blood vessels and
nutrients each month.
- Providing a soft, nourishing bed for a
fertilized egg to implant.
- Shedding if pregnancy doesn't occur,
resulting in menstruation.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE

21. FOLLICLE
A follicle is a small, sac-like structure that
serves various functions depending on its
location.
- In the ovary: Follicles contain and
nurture developing eggs (oocytes). They
also produce hormones like estrogen.
- In the skin: Hair follicles are the tiny
pockets in the skin that grow hair. They
also help with wound healing and blood
vessel formation.
- In the thyroid gland: Thyroid follicles
produce and store thyroid hormones.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE

22. CORPUS
LUTEUM
The corpus luteum is a temporary gland
that forms in the ovary after an egg is
released during ovulation. Its main
function is to produce progesterone, a
hormone essential for:
- Maintaining a potential pregnancy:
Progesterone helps thicken the uterine
lining (endometrium), making it suitable
for implantation.
- Preventing further ovulation: It inhibits
the release of other eggs during the
menstrual cycle.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE

23. CERVIX
The cervix is the lower, narrow end of the
uterus that connects to the vagina. Its
main function is to:
- Protect the uterus: It acts as a barrier
against infection and prevents bacteria
from entering the uterus.
- Open during childbirth: It dilates to
allow the baby to pass through during
labor.
- Allow menstrual flow: It opens slightly to
allow menstrual blood to flow out of the
uterus.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE

24. VAGINA
The vagina is a muscular canal that
connects the uterus to the outside
of the body. Its main functions are:
- Sexual intercourse: It receives the
penis during sexual intercourse.
- Menstrual flow: It allows
menstrual blood to flow out of the
body.
- Birth canal: It expands to allow
the baby to pass through during
childbirth.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE

25. STUDY
CONCL
USION
The male and female reproductive systems, while
structurally different, share the overarching goal of
procreation. The male system focuses on producing
and delivering sperm, relying on the testes for sperm
production and the penis for delivery. The female
system, conversely, centers on producing eggs (ova),
providing a nurturing environment for fertilization
and fetal development (uterus), and facilitating
childbirth (vagina and cervix). Hormonal regulation
plays a crucial role in both systems, orchestrating the
complex processes of gamete production,
fertilization, and gestation. Understanding the
intricacies of both systems highlights the remarkable
biological mechanisms involved in human
reproduction and the importance of their
harmonious functioning for successful procreation.

26. THANK YOU!
For Your Attention