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A.P presentation_1.pptx reproduction system
- 1. COLLEGE OF NURSINGSIR C.J INSTITUTE OF PSCHIATRY HYDERBAD ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY A s s i g n e d b y : M A ’ A M T A S L E E M L A G H A R I R E P R O D U C T I O N SachaN Raichand Lal Chand Amrat Kumar Khalid Presented by:
- 2. Reproductive System OBJECTIVES 1. DEFINEREPRODUCTION 2. DEFINE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 3. LIST THE FUNCTIONS OF MALE AND FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 4. CATEGORISED THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS INTO • ESSENTIAL ORGANS • ACCESSORY ORGANS 5. DISCUSS THE LOCATION AND STRUCTURE OF FEMALE EXTERNAL GENITALIA(VULVA) 6. DISCUSS THE LOCATION STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF FEMALE INTERNAL GENITALIA 7. DISCUSS THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE (OVARIAN AND MENSTRUAL CYCLE) 8. CATEGORISED THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS INTO • ESSENTIAL ORGANS • ACCESSORY ORGANS 9. LOCATION AND STRUCTURE INVOLVED IN THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 10. DESCRIBE THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF TESTIS AND ACCESSORY ORGANS
- 3. Reproduction The process ofproducing of a springs that are biological are genetically similar to the parent organism. Act of producing a new individual from at least one parent. Production of new one species are organism. It has two types sexual reproduction
- 4. Reproductive System It is alsoknown as genital system. Biologically it is made up of all anatomical tissues glands and organs involved in sexual reproduction. Many nonliving substances such as fluids, hormones and pheromones are also important accessories to the reproductive system.
- 5. Function of Maleand Female reproductive system Producing sex cells (sperms/egg) Transporting sex cells Nurturing developing offSprings Producing hormones Ejaculating sperms Release eggs during ovulation Regulating the menstrual cycle Lining the uterus Sheds
- 6. Female reproductive organs There aretwo types of female reproductive organs Distinction is besed on their primary function in reproduction Essential organs Accessory organs
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- 8. Accessory organs Ovaries Memory glands (Breasts) Theseare also considered as accessory organs due to their role in
- 10. External Genitalia (VULVA) Itis an essential organ It is located outside the pelvis It includes Mons pubis, labia(majora/minora), clitoris, urethral meatus, vestibule and glands Functions Allows sperms to enter in the body Protection, lubrication, sexual pleasure and urination
- 11. Internal Genitalia It is locatedin pelvic cavity It includes Ovaries Fallopian tubes
- 12. Ovaries ShapeandLocation Twooval shaped glands situated on either side of the uterus Structure It contains follicles which are sacs holding immature ova It has three layers 1. Outer capsule 2. Cortex 3. Medulla Function It is the primary female reproductive organs it produce ova and hormones like estrogen and progesterone Also regulate menstruation cycle
- 13. Follicle tubules (Oviducts) Shapeand Location Two “J” like muscular tubes extending from ovaries to the uterus Structure It is further divided into three parts 1. Infundibulum 2. Ampulla 3. Isthmus Function It transports eggs from the ovary to the uterus and also provide the site for fertilization by the sperms
- 14. Uterus Shape andLocation Pear shaped hollow muscular organ located in the pelvic cavity situated between the bllader and rectum Structure It is further divided into three parts 1. Fundus 2. Body 3. Cervix Function Provide a suitable environment to a fertilized egg to implant and develop into uterus during pregnancy Shades its lining(endometrium) during the menstruation if fertilization does not occur It is considered as a house of fetus during pregnancy
- 15. Female Reproductive cycle Menstrual Cycle Itcan be 21 to 45 days longer. More irregular due to seasonal changes for the first few years but tend to be shorten and become more regular with age. Symptoms:- cramping, breast tenderness, bloating, mood swings, acne, increased hunger, sleep issues etc.
- 16. Male reproductive organs Essential organs •Gonads (Testes) Function The testes produce sperm and male sex hormones, primarily testosterone. The testes are vital for male fertility, sexual development, and overall reproductive health.
- 17. Essential Organs Location Apair aap testisis placed in a structure called as scrotum which is located outside the abdominal cavity Structure Tunica albuginea: A tough, white fibrous capsule that surrounds the testis Lobules: The testis is divided into lobules that contain seminiferous tubules Seminiferous tubules: Tiny U-shaped tubes that contain germ cells and Sertoli cells Rete testis: A network of uncoiled, interconnected channels that receive sperm from the seminiferous tubules Lyding cells: Produce testosterone and other androgens
- 18. Accessory organs Epididymis Locatedat the back of the testicle and covered by the visceral tunica vaginalis It is divided into three parts: the head, body, and cauda The head is round and located at the upper end of the testis The body is thinner than the head and located at the back of the testis The epididymis stores and carries sperm It also ensures that spermatozoa are properly matured
- 19. Vas deferens Thevas deferens, also known as the ductus deferens. Long muscular tube runs from the epididymis into the pelvic cavity behind your bladder and connects to your urethra through a structure called the ejaculatory duct. The vas deferens transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra During ejaculation, the vas deferens contracts to propel sperm forward
- 20. Seminal Vesicle Locatedin the pelvis, behind the bladder and above the prostate gland Each seminal vesicle is a coiled, blind-ending tube that gives off several irregular pouches They are normally around 3 to 5 cm in length and 1 cm in diameter They are composed of three layers: an inner mucosal layer, a muscular layer, and an outer adventitial layer During ejaculation, the muscular tissue inside of the seminal vesicles pushes fluid out of the glands and into the forming semen The seminal vesicles join with the vas deferens to become the ejaculatory duct
- 21. Prostate gland Locatedin the male body, below the bladder and in front of the rectum The prostate is usually about the size of a walnut, but can enlarge with age, covered by a stretchy connective tissue called prostatic fascia Made up of muscular and glandular tissue, it has 5 lobes anterior, posterior, two lateral, and one median The prostate produces fluid that mixes with sperm and other fluids to form semen The prostate’s muscles contract during ejaculation to help expel semen
- 22. Bulbourethral Gland Alsoknown as Cowper’s glands, are located in the deep perineal pouch, in the urogenital diaphragm, and near the membranous urethra Made up of small mucinous glands and surrounded by the bulbocavernosus muscle Each gland has multiple lobules that are made up of acini The acini open into a central canal The glands drain into the urethra through ducts The bulbourethral glands produce a mucus-like fluid that lubricates the urethra during sexual intercourse. This fluid is also known as pre- ejaculate
Editor's Notes
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