4. (96dpi) Knowledge could be the delta at the receiver (a paper, a human, a library). Information could be the quality of a certain signal. Information could be a logical abstractor. Science could be about systematically giving birth to information in order to create knowledge Science, Information, Knowledge
5. Tools that bring together people and content artefacts in activities that support in constructing and processing information and knowledge. Early qualitative research: capturing hunting experiences on the cave walls. ... are probably around us ever since the ‚homo habilis‘ started to use more sophisticated stone tools at the beginning of the Pleistocene some two million years ago. Science SupportEnvironments
6. Actors (people, artefacts, and tools) in various locations with heterogeneous affiliations, purposes, styles, objectives, etc. Network effects make the network exponentially more valuable with growing size To develop a shared understanding is part of the research work because language underspecifies meaning: future ‘cloud’ research will build on it And at the same time: linguistic relativity (Sapir-Whorf hypothesis): language culture restricts our thinking Inherently Networks
9. Setting up and maintaining a science support environment is part of the knowledge work: future experiences will be made through it
10. knowing tools, people, artefacts, and activities ... enables!Environments = Research Outcome
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12. Surprising: the participating systems have not been instructed to do so specifically (may even not have intended it)Designing for Emergence is more powerful than programming by instruction Why? Occam’s Razor! Emergence
24. Visibility produces awareness Awareness triggers social norms Mutual visibility triggers accountability Which reinforces social norms Tale of two doors (Erickson, 2007)
25. A social proxy is a minimalist graphical representation that makes people and their activities more visible (Erickson, 2007) A science proxy is a minimalist graphical representation that makes researchers and their research activities more visible Proxies
34. Spot unwanted fragmentation e.g. two authors work on the same topic, but with different collaborator groups and with different literature Intervention Instrument: automatically recommend to hold a flashmeeting Bringing together what belongs together Wild, Ochoa, Heinze, Crespo, Quick (2009, to appear)
35. Communities are often not very dense, i.e. not resilient With key persons withdrawing, the network can fragment Recommend to build additional links, cutting out the middleman Creating cohesion Wild, Ochoa, Heinze, Crespo, Quick (2009, to appear)
40. Recent advances in technology and practiceprovide fascinating new means for open,networked, andself-organisedco-construction of knowledge. Science 2.0 is social and so are the support environments. Environments are outcomes of research activity. Mash-ups, proxies, and flashmeeting are ‘duplos’ that foster emergence. Up, up, towards a Science 2.0
43. Digital literacy Knowledge work environments facilitate digital literacy Acquiring digital literacy, while at the same time (re-)constructing knowledge is better than just (re-) constructing knowledge. Competence is a potential for action Acquisition of rich professional competences such as social, self, and methodological competence ... is superior to only acquiring content competence (i.e. Domain-specific skill, facts, rules, ...) Especially due to ever decreasing half-life of domain-specific knowledge Construction != Transfer!
