This document provides information about a course on breeding fruit crops, specifically focusing on sapota. It discusses the botany, floral biology, influence of seed arrangement on fruit shape, breeding methods including selection and hybridization, salient varieties and cultivars, and future prospects for sapota breeding. Key points include the native origin and introduction of sapota to India, self-incompatibility requiring mixing of varieties, influence of pollen source on fruit traits, important selections and hybrids developed, and need for further genetic resource exploration and biotechnological approaches.
Vegetable Gardens - Kitchen Garden or Nutrition Garden; Gardening Guidebook for India ~ Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, India~ For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Value Addition of Underutilized Crops Aarti Nimesh
Underutilized crops were once grown more widely or intensively
But are falling into disuse for a variety of agronomic, genetic,
Economic and cultural reasons. Farmers and consumers are using these crops less because they are in some way not competing with other species in the same agricultural environment. The decline of these crops may erode the genetic base and prevent distinctive and valuable traits being used in crop adaptation and improvement.
This document discusses training and pruning methods for apple trees. It describes the objectives of training as developing a framework that displays the tree canopy and supports heavy crop loads. Pruning removes portions of the tree to correct structure and improve airflow. Two main training systems are described: open center and modified central leader. Dormant pruning is done in winter while summer pruning removes upright shoots. Techniques like spreading, tying and weighting are used to position limbs at a 45-60 degree angle for optimal fruit production. The document provides details on various pruning and training methods used for different apple tree planting densities and forms.
Fruits play a vital role in human nutrition as well as generate high income to the growers. Pre-harvest and post-harvest factors have a great effect on the postharvest quality of fruits. The combination of these factors includes genetic, environmental, cultural practices, irrigation, packaging, pre-cooling, storage, transportations, etc. In this paper, we provide a review of studies on how pre-harvest and post-harvest factors influence the post quality of fruits. The influence of pre-harvest and post-harvest factors can be controlled by various cultural practices, use of certain chemicals and high tech recent management practices.
This document provides information about a course on breeding fruit crops, specifically focusing on sapota. It discusses the botany, floral biology, influence of seed arrangement on fruit shape, breeding methods including selection and hybridization, salient varieties and cultivars, and future prospects for sapota breeding. Key points include the native origin and introduction of sapota to India, self-incompatibility requiring mixing of varieties, influence of pollen source on fruit traits, important selections and hybrids developed, and need for further genetic resource exploration and biotechnological approaches.
Vegetable Gardens - Kitchen Garden or Nutrition Garden; Gardening Guidebook for India ~ Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, India~ For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Value Addition of Underutilized Crops Aarti Nimesh
Underutilized crops were once grown more widely or intensively
But are falling into disuse for a variety of agronomic, genetic,
Economic and cultural reasons. Farmers and consumers are using these crops less because they are in some way not competing with other species in the same agricultural environment. The decline of these crops may erode the genetic base and prevent distinctive and valuable traits being used in crop adaptation and improvement.
This document discusses training and pruning methods for apple trees. It describes the objectives of training as developing a framework that displays the tree canopy and supports heavy crop loads. Pruning removes portions of the tree to correct structure and improve airflow. Two main training systems are described: open center and modified central leader. Dormant pruning is done in winter while summer pruning removes upright shoots. Techniques like spreading, tying and weighting are used to position limbs at a 45-60 degree angle for optimal fruit production. The document provides details on various pruning and training methods used for different apple tree planting densities and forms.
Fruits play a vital role in human nutrition as well as generate high income to the growers. Pre-harvest and post-harvest factors have a great effect on the postharvest quality of fruits. The combination of these factors includes genetic, environmental, cultural practices, irrigation, packaging, pre-cooling, storage, transportations, etc. In this paper, we provide a review of studies on how pre-harvest and post-harvest factors influence the post quality of fruits. The influence of pre-harvest and post-harvest factors can be controlled by various cultural practices, use of certain chemicals and high tech recent management practices.
Protected cultivation of vegetable crops BY HARMANJEETStudent
This document provides an overview of protected cultivation of vegetable crops. It discusses the need for protected cultivation due to factors like globalization, climate change, and shrinking land. Protected cultivation ensures higher yields, quality, and profits. India has seen growth in protected cultivation, especially in states like Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Uttarakhand. The document outlines the potential crops well-suited for protected cultivation in Himachal Pradesh, including tomatoes, capsicum, cucumber, and french beans. It also discusses polyhouse design principles, types of polyhouses from low to high-cost, and considerations for site selection, orientation, and production systems. The key challenges of greenhouse cultivation include climate control and management of
scope &; importance of fruit and plantation crop in india.docxRakesh Pattnaik
This document discusses the scope and importance of fruit and plantation crop industries in India. It notes that India is the second largest fruit producer in the world, producing over 86 million metric tonnes annually. Fruits provide high yields compared to other crops and are an important source of vitamins, minerals, and nutrition. Economically, fruits generate higher profits than other crops and provide raw materials for agro-industries. Plantation crops also offer export potential, employment, crop diversification opportunities, and ecosystem services. The industries will continue growing due to increasing domestic demand, export potential, availability of technology, and government support.
Nursery raising under protected structuresChanda Kumari
This document discusses raising nurseries of warm season vegetable crops under protected structures. It describes the advantages of protected structures for nurseries, including enabling year-round production and protection from adverse weather. It outlines different types of protected structures and nursery beds. The document discusses components of protected structures, best practices for sowing, nutrient and pest management, and constraints. Modern nursery facilities include automated irrigation, fertigation, temperature and humidity control systems. Seed priming and treatments can improve germination rates.
Value added products are raw agricultural products that have been modified or enhanced to have a higher market value and/or a longer shelf life. Some common vegetable value-added products include dehydrated potato, peas, carrot, cauliflower, and tomato-based processed products like salsa, pickles, and chutney. Value addition is important as it helps reduce post-harvest losses, benefits farmers and consumers, increases food availability and export trade, and creates more employment opportunities. Common methods of adding value to vegetables include processing, packaging, dehydrating, freezing, and waxing.
Seed are the propagators of plant species and ensure future crop growth. There are various types of seeds classified based on their quality and intended use. The highest quality seeds are Breeder or Nucleus seeds, which are directly controlled by plant breeders. Foundation, Registered and Certified seeds are progressively lower in quality but suitable for commercial crop production. Seed quality is determined by testing for characteristics like viability, purity, and freedom from pests. Proper production and storage help maintain high seed quality over time.
This document provides information about apple production including taxonomy, varieties, propagation, planting, training, pruning, pest and disease management. It discusses apple as the king of temperate fruits, with highest production in China. It covers major apple growing regions in India and varieties grown in Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarakhand for early, mid and late seasons. It also discusses production practices like propagation, rootstocks, planting density, training and pruning methods, fertilizer and irrigation management, and harvesting.
detailed explaination:
"zero energy cool chambers" (ZECCs), are a type of evaporative cooler, which are simple and inexpensive ways to keep vegetables fresh without the use of electricity. Evaporation of water from a surface removes heat, creating a cooling effect, which can improve vegetable storage shelf life. ECCs are relatively large compared to the more common household clay pot cooler, and are therefore most suitable for farmers with large production quantities, farming groups, or farming cooperatives.
This document discusses post-harvest management of fruits and vegetables in India. It notes that India is the second largest global producer of fruits and vegetables but suffers significant post-harvest losses estimated between 20-45% due to lack of proper storage, transportation and processing infrastructure. These losses have economic and nutrition impacts. The document outlines the major causes of losses including mechanical damage during handling, microbial and physiological spoilage. It recommends technologies like wax coating, evaporative cooling, pre-packaging, cold storage and modified atmosphere packaging to extend shelf-life and minimize post-harvest losses.
The document discusses the role of mulching in crop production. It describes various types of mulches including organic mulches like grass, straw and sawdust, as well as synthetic mulches like black plastic, clear plastic and degradable plastic films. The document outlines the steps for laying mulch films in fruit crops and vegetable crops, including sizing the film, cutting it, cleaning the area, and fixing the film around plants. Mulching is beneficial as it conserves soil moisture, lowers soil temperature, and reduces weeds.
This document summarizes the floral biology of tomatoes. It begins with the botanical name (Solanum lycopersicum) and family (Solanaceae). It then describes the plant's roots, stem, leaves, inflorescence, flower morphology including calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium. It discusses anthesis, self-pollination, cross-pollination techniques including emasculation, pollen collection, and artificial pollination. It also covers fertilization, fruit set, seed structure and composition, economic importance as a major global crop and model plant for research.
The document discusses the process for releasing and registering new fruit crop varieties in India. It provides details on:
1) The agencies involved at different levels of the variety release and registration process - including institute, state, central and protection levels.
2) Procedures for registering varieties with the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR) and Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Authority (PPV&FRA).
3) An example of a recent variety proposal submitted for Pusa Swarnika grape at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, including justification, trial results, and disease resistance properties.
The floral biology of sunflower is described in 3 sentences:
Sunflower has ray florets on the outer part of the head and disc florets in the center that are hermaphroditic and fertile. Each disc floret consists of an inferior ovary, two pappus scales, a tubular corolla formed by fused petals with five united anthers forming a tube. The style elongates at maturity, curling the divided stigma outward to receive pollen for cross-pollination which is over 90% in sunflower.
The document discusses the process of waxing fruits. It describes how waxing improves the appearance and shelf life of fruits by creating a protective coating. It covers the benefits of waxing, different types of waxes used, common waxing methods, and how wax acts to reduce moisture loss from fruits. Examples are given of how wax coatings are applied and their advantages for apples and citrus fruits.
This document lists 56 plant species belonging to various families found in the region. It provides the scientific name, local name, and English name for each plant. The plants are grouped by family and include families such as Cyperaceae, Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Poaceae, Solanaceae, and others.
Elephant foot yam is a tropical tuber crop originating from Asia and Africa. It is commercially cultivated in several Southeast Asian countries as well as India. The document discusses the botany, varieties, cultivation practices, pests and diseases of elephant foot yam. Key points include that it grows from a corm and is propagated through daughter corms. It prefers sandy loam soil and humid tropical conditions. Common varieties include Santragachi and Kovvur. Proper spacing, fertilization, irrigation, and intercropping can yield 12-22 tonnes per hectare. Pests include aphids and diseases include collar rot.
Presentation on value addition of horticultural cropsKalyanNayak2
This document provides details about an experiential learning project on food processing and post-harvest management of fruits and vegetables undertaken by students of Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology. It lists the objectives, organizational structure, names of group members and faculty guiding the project. It then provides production cost calculations and procedures for making peanut chikki, banana chips, tomato sauce and ginger drink. It summarizes achievement against targets for quantity and sales of products produced, showing a total profit of Rs. 4,790.
1. The document summarizes traditional and modern methods for grain storage presented by Islam Elrayah, Hassan Sdeig, and Nossiba Abdullah at the University of Khartoum's Faculty of Postgraduate M.Sc. Agricultural Engineering seminar in September 2021.
2. Traditional methods discussed include rhombus structures made of grass and clay, cribs made of bamboo or wire mesh, underground pits lined with straw, and open stack methods. Modern methods provide more control over aeration and protection from environmental factors but have higher initial costs and require more space.
3. The selection of a storage technique depends on production levels, climate, quantity of grain, and required storage duration. Traditional methods
This document discusses various irrigation systems used in greenhouses. It begins by defining crop water needs and evapotranspiration. It then describes different types of irrigation systems including overhead systems like sprinklers and booms, surface systems like drip and perimeter watering, and subsurface systems like ebb and flow, capillary mats, and floor flooding. Key components of drip irrigation systems like pumps, filters, fertigation equipment, and piping networks are also explained. The advantages of drip irrigation systems for greenhouse crops are highlighted.
This document discusses different types of greenhouses. It classifies greenhouses based on their working principles as either passive or active. It also categorizes greenhouses by their construction cost and technology level as low, medium or high-tech. Additionally, the document describes various greenhouse types based on their structure, covering material and shape. Common structure types include wooden framed, pipe framed and truss framed. Common covering materials are glass, plastic films and rigid panels. Common greenhouse shapes mentioned are solarium, quonset, gable and connected styles.
This project aims to address malnutrition among children from backward classes in rural Maharashtra through establishing nutrition gardens. Over 5 lakh children aged 0-5 are malnourished in the state. The project will set up gardens equipped with HDPE beds with subsurface irrigation in hostels. This will provide nutritious vegetables to the children throughout the year. It will improve their health and development while also teaching them farming skills. The gardens will benefit over 37,000 students across 379 hostels with an estimated budget of 5.2 crore rupees over 6 months.
Solid and liquid waste management practices in shs.pptxDrHarishwamiDas
The document provides information on solid and liquid waste management practices at Sovanagar High School in Malda, West Bengal. It discusses the goals and objectives of training programs on this topic, which are to create clean school surroundings, process waste to obtain economic and aesthetic value, and understand the concepts of reduce, reuse, recycle, and refuse. It then describes various technologies for managing biodegradable and non-biodegradable solid waste, as well as black water, grey water, and approaches like composting, vermicomposting, biogas plants, landfilling, kitchen gardens, leach pits, and soak pits. The roles and responsibilities of different groups like students, teachers, parents, and meal
Protected cultivation of vegetable crops BY HARMANJEETStudent
This document provides an overview of protected cultivation of vegetable crops. It discusses the need for protected cultivation due to factors like globalization, climate change, and shrinking land. Protected cultivation ensures higher yields, quality, and profits. India has seen growth in protected cultivation, especially in states like Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Uttarakhand. The document outlines the potential crops well-suited for protected cultivation in Himachal Pradesh, including tomatoes, capsicum, cucumber, and french beans. It also discusses polyhouse design principles, types of polyhouses from low to high-cost, and considerations for site selection, orientation, and production systems. The key challenges of greenhouse cultivation include climate control and management of
scope &; importance of fruit and plantation crop in india.docxRakesh Pattnaik
This document discusses the scope and importance of fruit and plantation crop industries in India. It notes that India is the second largest fruit producer in the world, producing over 86 million metric tonnes annually. Fruits provide high yields compared to other crops and are an important source of vitamins, minerals, and nutrition. Economically, fruits generate higher profits than other crops and provide raw materials for agro-industries. Plantation crops also offer export potential, employment, crop diversification opportunities, and ecosystem services. The industries will continue growing due to increasing domestic demand, export potential, availability of technology, and government support.
Nursery raising under protected structuresChanda Kumari
This document discusses raising nurseries of warm season vegetable crops under protected structures. It describes the advantages of protected structures for nurseries, including enabling year-round production and protection from adverse weather. It outlines different types of protected structures and nursery beds. The document discusses components of protected structures, best practices for sowing, nutrient and pest management, and constraints. Modern nursery facilities include automated irrigation, fertigation, temperature and humidity control systems. Seed priming and treatments can improve germination rates.
Value added products are raw agricultural products that have been modified or enhanced to have a higher market value and/or a longer shelf life. Some common vegetable value-added products include dehydrated potato, peas, carrot, cauliflower, and tomato-based processed products like salsa, pickles, and chutney. Value addition is important as it helps reduce post-harvest losses, benefits farmers and consumers, increases food availability and export trade, and creates more employment opportunities. Common methods of adding value to vegetables include processing, packaging, dehydrating, freezing, and waxing.
Seed are the propagators of plant species and ensure future crop growth. There are various types of seeds classified based on their quality and intended use. The highest quality seeds are Breeder or Nucleus seeds, which are directly controlled by plant breeders. Foundation, Registered and Certified seeds are progressively lower in quality but suitable for commercial crop production. Seed quality is determined by testing for characteristics like viability, purity, and freedom from pests. Proper production and storage help maintain high seed quality over time.
This document provides information about apple production including taxonomy, varieties, propagation, planting, training, pruning, pest and disease management. It discusses apple as the king of temperate fruits, with highest production in China. It covers major apple growing regions in India and varieties grown in Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarakhand for early, mid and late seasons. It also discusses production practices like propagation, rootstocks, planting density, training and pruning methods, fertilizer and irrigation management, and harvesting.
detailed explaination:
"zero energy cool chambers" (ZECCs), are a type of evaporative cooler, which are simple and inexpensive ways to keep vegetables fresh without the use of electricity. Evaporation of water from a surface removes heat, creating a cooling effect, which can improve vegetable storage shelf life. ECCs are relatively large compared to the more common household clay pot cooler, and are therefore most suitable for farmers with large production quantities, farming groups, or farming cooperatives.
This document discusses post-harvest management of fruits and vegetables in India. It notes that India is the second largest global producer of fruits and vegetables but suffers significant post-harvest losses estimated between 20-45% due to lack of proper storage, transportation and processing infrastructure. These losses have economic and nutrition impacts. The document outlines the major causes of losses including mechanical damage during handling, microbial and physiological spoilage. It recommends technologies like wax coating, evaporative cooling, pre-packaging, cold storage and modified atmosphere packaging to extend shelf-life and minimize post-harvest losses.
The document discusses the role of mulching in crop production. It describes various types of mulches including organic mulches like grass, straw and sawdust, as well as synthetic mulches like black plastic, clear plastic and degradable plastic films. The document outlines the steps for laying mulch films in fruit crops and vegetable crops, including sizing the film, cutting it, cleaning the area, and fixing the film around plants. Mulching is beneficial as it conserves soil moisture, lowers soil temperature, and reduces weeds.
This document summarizes the floral biology of tomatoes. It begins with the botanical name (Solanum lycopersicum) and family (Solanaceae). It then describes the plant's roots, stem, leaves, inflorescence, flower morphology including calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium. It discusses anthesis, self-pollination, cross-pollination techniques including emasculation, pollen collection, and artificial pollination. It also covers fertilization, fruit set, seed structure and composition, economic importance as a major global crop and model plant for research.
The document discusses the process for releasing and registering new fruit crop varieties in India. It provides details on:
1) The agencies involved at different levels of the variety release and registration process - including institute, state, central and protection levels.
2) Procedures for registering varieties with the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR) and Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Authority (PPV&FRA).
3) An example of a recent variety proposal submitted for Pusa Swarnika grape at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, including justification, trial results, and disease resistance properties.
The floral biology of sunflower is described in 3 sentences:
Sunflower has ray florets on the outer part of the head and disc florets in the center that are hermaphroditic and fertile. Each disc floret consists of an inferior ovary, two pappus scales, a tubular corolla formed by fused petals with five united anthers forming a tube. The style elongates at maturity, curling the divided stigma outward to receive pollen for cross-pollination which is over 90% in sunflower.
The document discusses the process of waxing fruits. It describes how waxing improves the appearance and shelf life of fruits by creating a protective coating. It covers the benefits of waxing, different types of waxes used, common waxing methods, and how wax acts to reduce moisture loss from fruits. Examples are given of how wax coatings are applied and their advantages for apples and citrus fruits.
This document lists 56 plant species belonging to various families found in the region. It provides the scientific name, local name, and English name for each plant. The plants are grouped by family and include families such as Cyperaceae, Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Poaceae, Solanaceae, and others.
Elephant foot yam is a tropical tuber crop originating from Asia and Africa. It is commercially cultivated in several Southeast Asian countries as well as India. The document discusses the botany, varieties, cultivation practices, pests and diseases of elephant foot yam. Key points include that it grows from a corm and is propagated through daughter corms. It prefers sandy loam soil and humid tropical conditions. Common varieties include Santragachi and Kovvur. Proper spacing, fertilization, irrigation, and intercropping can yield 12-22 tonnes per hectare. Pests include aphids and diseases include collar rot.
Presentation on value addition of horticultural cropsKalyanNayak2
This document provides details about an experiential learning project on food processing and post-harvest management of fruits and vegetables undertaken by students of Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology. It lists the objectives, organizational structure, names of group members and faculty guiding the project. It then provides production cost calculations and procedures for making peanut chikki, banana chips, tomato sauce and ginger drink. It summarizes achievement against targets for quantity and sales of products produced, showing a total profit of Rs. 4,790.
1. The document summarizes traditional and modern methods for grain storage presented by Islam Elrayah, Hassan Sdeig, and Nossiba Abdullah at the University of Khartoum's Faculty of Postgraduate M.Sc. Agricultural Engineering seminar in September 2021.
2. Traditional methods discussed include rhombus structures made of grass and clay, cribs made of bamboo or wire mesh, underground pits lined with straw, and open stack methods. Modern methods provide more control over aeration and protection from environmental factors but have higher initial costs and require more space.
3. The selection of a storage technique depends on production levels, climate, quantity of grain, and required storage duration. Traditional methods
This document discusses various irrigation systems used in greenhouses. It begins by defining crop water needs and evapotranspiration. It then describes different types of irrigation systems including overhead systems like sprinklers and booms, surface systems like drip and perimeter watering, and subsurface systems like ebb and flow, capillary mats, and floor flooding. Key components of drip irrigation systems like pumps, filters, fertigation equipment, and piping networks are also explained. The advantages of drip irrigation systems for greenhouse crops are highlighted.
This document discusses different types of greenhouses. It classifies greenhouses based on their working principles as either passive or active. It also categorizes greenhouses by their construction cost and technology level as low, medium or high-tech. Additionally, the document describes various greenhouse types based on their structure, covering material and shape. Common structure types include wooden framed, pipe framed and truss framed. Common covering materials are glass, plastic films and rigid panels. Common greenhouse shapes mentioned are solarium, quonset, gable and connected styles.
This project aims to address malnutrition among children from backward classes in rural Maharashtra through establishing nutrition gardens. Over 5 lakh children aged 0-5 are malnourished in the state. The project will set up gardens equipped with HDPE beds with subsurface irrigation in hostels. This will provide nutritious vegetables to the children throughout the year. It will improve their health and development while also teaching them farming skills. The gardens will benefit over 37,000 students across 379 hostels with an estimated budget of 5.2 crore rupees over 6 months.
Solid and liquid waste management practices in shs.pptxDrHarishwamiDas
The document provides information on solid and liquid waste management practices at Sovanagar High School in Malda, West Bengal. It discusses the goals and objectives of training programs on this topic, which are to create clean school surroundings, process waste to obtain economic and aesthetic value, and understand the concepts of reduce, reuse, recycle, and refuse. It then describes various technologies for managing biodegradable and non-biodegradable solid waste, as well as black water, grey water, and approaches like composting, vermicomposting, biogas plants, landfilling, kitchen gardens, leach pits, and soak pits. The roles and responsibilities of different groups like students, teachers, parents, and meal
Plasticulture is a new agricultural technology that uses plastic materials to enhance production and post-harvest management. It involves using plastic mulch sheets on soil to conserve moisture and prevent weeds. Plastics are also used in greenhouses, drip irrigation systems, and nursery bags. Benefits include reduced water loss, weed suppression, protection from pests and diseases, and improved yield and quality with less fertilizer and pesticide use. Plastics help in packaging, storing, and transporting harvested crops to extend their shelf life. Plasticulture plays an important role in sustainably increasing agricultural productivity to meet growing food demands through higher yields and earlier harvests while optimizing resource use.
School Garden Manual - Jefferson County Public Schools, KentuckyFayina19z
This document provides information and resources for starting and maintaining a school garden. It includes sections on developing the garden such as selecting a site, designing plans, and gathering materials. Detailed guidance is given for preparing the soil and keeping the garden growing through the seasons. Contact information is provided for various community resources and agencies that can assist with the garden. Teacher resource books and a suggested reading list are also included in the appendix.
The document discusses plastic mulching and its benefits for crop cultivation. It states that plastic mulching warms the soil and air by reflecting, absorbing, or transmitting sunlight in a way that maximizes the transmission of infrared radiation. This creates a favorable environment for plant growth, yielding crops earlier and at a higher overall yield while also conserving soil moisture by reducing evaporation. Common types of plastic mulch discussed are black, clear, and silver-colored mulches.
The document outlines solid and liquid waste management practices at Sovanagar High School in Malda, West Bengal. It discusses establishing a child friendly campus with a rooftop garden. The goals are to raise awareness of sustainable waste management technologies and adopt practices to process waste. Objectives include creating a clean, safe and hygienic school environment and obtaining economic and aesthetic value from waste. The document details the school's waste management system, which includes separating waste, composting and recycling biodegradable materials, and proper disposal of non-recyclables. It emphasizes student, teacher, and parent involvement to promote hygienic habits and a zero waste future.
The document describes an International Master's Program in Environmental Management and Sustainable Development offered jointly by UNEP and Tongji University in China that aims to train a new generation of experts through a multidisciplinary curriculum integrating engineering, natural sciences and social sciences over 2 years of coursework and research. The program benefits from inputs from UNEP, other UN agencies, and international partner universities, and seeks to educate professionals working in government, NGOs, and private sector on issues of sustainability.
This document discusses plans for an urban agriculture project in China. It aims to improve food safety and access to organic produce through education and demonstration projects. The project will convert a rooftop into an urban farm to showcase different urban farming methods like container gardening and composting. An exhibition center will be built on the rooftop to educate the public on topics like household gardening, food safety, waste management, and sustainable agriculture techniques through workshops and demonstrations. The goal is to empower communities and increase awareness of environmental issues through hands-on learning about urban agriculture.
Opjs, raigarh e india nomination - green campus of the yearAjay Jaiswal
O.P. Jindal School in Raigarh, India has been recognized as Green Campus of the Year for its various environmental projects and initiatives. The school focuses on developing eco-friendly individuals and has won national competitions for its environmental projects. Some of the key projects undertaken by the school include reuse of treated water, massive plantation drives, reducing carbon footprint through transportation initiatives, rainwater harvesting, waste management through vermicomposting, and educating the local community on sustainability. The school aims to provide lifelong environmental education to students and has been successful in instilling values of protecting the ecosystem.
The document is a capsule proposal for a research project on the benefits of waste segregation to the environment. The project will be conducted at St. Dominic College of Asia in Bacoor City from July 18, 2013 to September 20, 2013. The objectives are to explore waste management strategies through conducting surveys and interviews at the college, promoting reuse and biological recovery of waste, and educating students on proper waste segregation. The methodology will involve stratified random sampling and distributing a survey to collect data from respondents. The significance is that the study will help provide information to minimize environmental damage from waste and reduce flooding caused by garbage in drainage systems.
Capsule proposal in Waste Segregation: It's Benefits to the EnviromentKate Sevilla
This capsule proposal outlines a study on the benefits of waste segregation. The project will be led by Kate S. Magpoc from BSHM-2A in Bacoor City, Philippines, and involve three other researchers. The study aims to explore waste management strategies by conducting surveys, interviews and observations at St. Dominic College of Asia to educate students about proper waste segregation and its importance for the environment and community. The methodology will involve placing sample trash cans around campus to observe behaviors and increase awareness of segregating biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste.
This document is a visit report submitted by Ripon Kumar Sikder to the National Agricultural Science & Technology Demonstration Park in Beijing, China. The park showcases high-tech agricultural techniques across 9 zones including an urban horticulture area showcasing vertical farming, artificial light plant factories for seedlings and vegetables, and greenhouses using solar and hydroponic systems. The tour provided students an opportunity to learn outside the classroom and gain exposure to innovative agricultural technologies for controlled environment plant production.
Vct india yes_no_to_plastic_jyoti_virmani(edited)coolrohitgupta
The project aimed to create awareness about the impact of plastic usage on the environment. Students explored biodiversity in innovative ways and found that banning plastic completely is impractical, but its use can be reduced. Students educated others about the harmful effects of plastic through presentations, videos, discussions, surveys and rallies. They developed critical thinking and research skills using tools like PowerPoint, videos and social media. The project improved teaching and learning by providing a meaningful real-world focus and developing 21st century skills in students.
This document outlines an Etwinning project called "DIVINA REDUCES" aimed at educating students about reducing waste and promoting more sustainable habits. The project focuses on reducing consumption and waste of key materials like paper, plastic, water, energy, and organic waste. It provides specific actions students can take to conserve resources, like using both sides of paper, bringing reusable containers instead of single-use plastic, fixing leaks, switching off lights when not in use, and creating posters to raise awareness. The goals are to teach students about protecting the environment, inculcate sustainable behaviors, and make classrooms more ecologically friendly through applying the 3Rs of reduce, reuse and recycle.
The document summarizes a design project exploring creative ways to reuse PET plastic bottles after use. The project involved studying the PET plastic industry, collecting data on bottle usage and recycling. Users were observed to understand tendencies regarding bottle disposal. Inferences were drawn about recycling rates. A new design brief was formulated focusing on bottle reuse through ideation and deliverables like reusable products and instructions. Future development could include awareness campaigns and printing reuse instructions directly on bottles.
1. The document presents research on developing an edible drinking straw as a more sustainable alternative to plastic straws.
2. Testing showed the edible straw, made from flour, egg, and flavorings, lasted longer than typical edible straws and was rated excellent in durability and good in bending tests, achieving the research objectives.
3. Recommendations include encouraging communities, people with disabilities, food establishments, students, and future researchers to use the more eco-friendly edible straw option over plastic straws to reduce environmental damage from plastic pollution.
This document discusses sustainability practices in the plastics industry. It outlines the different types of plastics, their toxicity levels, and recycling recommendations. It also discusses standards and regulations for plastics manufacturing in the US and India. Popular sustainability practices and top plastics companies in India are highlighted, including their sustainability initiatives around reducing waste and emissions. The document concludes that while progress has been made, more can still be done to promote sustainability in the plastics industry.
The Effects of Different Growing Mediums in a Hydroponically Grown Lettuceijtsrd
This document summarizes a study that examined the effects of different growing mediums (rockwool, hydroponic sponge, pool noodles) on hydroponically grown lettuce. The study found that rockwool was the most efficient medium, producing the highest number of leaves and heaviest fresh biomass, while still being water-efficient. Although other mediums like hydroponic sponge and pool noodles showed promise, rockwool was determined to be the best option. This study is significant for hydroponic cultivators and farmers as it helps them choose the most effective growing medium to maximize yields and profits.
This report explores the significance of border towns and spaces for strengthening responses to young people on the move. In particular it explores the linkages of young people to local service centres with the aim of further developing service, protection, and support strategies for migrant children in border areas across the region. The report is based on a small-scale fieldwork study in the border towns of Chipata and Katete in Zambia conducted in July 2023. Border towns and spaces provide a rich source of information about issues related to the informal or irregular movement of young people across borders, including smuggling and trafficking. They can help build a picture of the nature and scope of the type of movement young migrants undertake and also the forms of protection available to them. Border towns and spaces also provide a lens through which we can better understand the vulnerabilities of young people on the move and, critically, the strategies they use to navigate challenges and access support.
The findings in this report highlight some of the key factors shaping the experiences and vulnerabilities of young people on the move – particularly their proximity to border spaces and how this affects the risks that they face. The report describes strategies that young people on the move employ to remain below the radar of visibility to state and non-state actors due to fear of arrest, detention, and deportation while also trying to keep themselves safe and access support in border towns. These strategies of (in)visibility provide a way to protect themselves yet at the same time also heighten some of the risks young people face as their vulnerabilities are not always recognised by those who could offer support.
In this report we show that the realities and challenges of life and migration in this region and in Zambia need to be better understood for support to be strengthened and tuned to meet the specific needs of young people on the move. This includes understanding the role of state and non-state stakeholders, the impact of laws and policies and, critically, the experiences of the young people themselves. We provide recommendations for immediate action, recommendations for programming to support young people on the move in the two towns that would reduce risk for young people in this area, and recommendations for longer term policy advocacy.
Contributi dei parlamentari del PD - Contributi L. 3/2019Partito democratico
DI SEGUITO SONO PUBBLICATI, AI SENSI DELL'ART. 11 DELLA LEGGE N. 3/2019, GLI IMPORTI RICEVUTI DALL'ENTRATA IN VIGORE DELLA SUDDETTA NORMA (31/01/2019) E FINO AL MESE SOLARE ANTECEDENTE QUELLO DELLA PUBBLICAZIONE SUL PRESENTE SITO
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
About Potato, The scientific name of the plant is Solanum tuberosum (L).Christina Parmionova
The potato is a starchy root vegetable native to the Americas that is consumed as a staple food in many parts of the world. Potatoes are tubers of the plant Solanum tuberosum, a perennial in the nightshade family Solanaceae. Wild potato species can be found from the southern United States to southern Chile
Synopsis (short abstract) In December 2023, the UN General Assembly proclaimed 30 May as the International Day of Potato.
UN WOD 2024 will take us on a journey of discovery through the ocean's vastness, tapping into the wisdom and expertise of global policy-makers, scientists, managers, thought leaders, and artists to awaken new depths of understanding, compassion, collaboration and commitment for the ocean and all it sustains. The program will expand our perspectives and appreciation for our blue planet, build new foundations for our relationship to the ocean, and ignite a wave of action toward necessary change.
United Nations World Oceans Day 2024; June 8th " Awaken new dephts".Christina Parmionova
The program will expand our perspectives and appreciation for our blue planet, build new foundations for our relationship to the ocean, and ignite a wave of action toward necessary change.
2. PROJECT SYNOPSIS
To promote nutrition-based approaches in
Children and To inculcate a lifelong skill of
growing own vegetables and fruits through
Nutrition garden. Nutrition garden is good for
childrens health and education, and also it is
good for learning they are highly practical and
a direct form of education apart from practical
skills in agriculture and horticulture gardens
are a living laboratory for the study of
environmentalissues and life science. It
improves the envoirment. It will empower
student to explore environmental concept and
action beyond the confines of a syllabus or
curriculum. While everyone , everywhere,
asserts the importance of “learning to live
sustainably”
Thematic area: learning a lifelong skill, shape the
behavioral pattern of the student,
green’ the school and reduce air pollution.”
3. PROPOSED PROJECT DESCRIPTION
OBJECTIVE:
a) To give students first-hand experience with nature and gardening
b) To enhance the knowledge of children's regarding nutritional aspect of vegetables and harmful effect of junk food
c) To help in addressing malnutrition and micro nutrient deficiencies by consumption of freshly grown vegetables
NEED & BENEFITS OF SNG:
1) Good for learning
2) Essential for children's health
3) Improve environment
4) Good for the earth
5) Good for child's well being
6) Increase confidence in student
LEARNING FROM SNG:
i) Teaching students that a Nutrition Garden can actually be set up anywhere, even in a school in a crowded urban
area
ii) Teaching student that, with a few exceptions, every part of the vegetable or fruit can be eaten
iii) Teaching student to think out the box and find a way
iv) Teaching student to work actively in their school Eco-Club
4. All primary and secondary schools in the metro city
Rs 5.60 Cr.
BENEFICIARY TYPE:
ESTIMATED NO OF BENEFICIARIES:
ESTIMATED BUDGET:
Primary beneficiary : students
Secondary beneficiary : Schools greenery and City atmosphere
400 No of Schools
------ of Student’s
DURATION FOR EXECUTION
3 Month
PROJECT AREA
5. PROJECT ACTIVITYS
Today with the rapid rate of urbanization, many school do
not have free space to grow vegetables etc. For them there
is an effective alternative that is simple and practical way
i.e. Gardening in “NUTRIBED” Such a HDPE container
inbuilt with advance technology of subsurface irrigation
technique so it has a many benefits for school in urban
areas as they help to “green” the school and reduce air
pollution. Other major benefits are student learn to grow
vegetables in nutribed, understanding that a large piece of
land is not essentially required for this. Organic garbage
such as school scraps anything that decays, can be
processed into compost in such containers. Students will
learn to think creatively and out of the box, understand
that a garden can be effectively created everywhere. The
greenery will definitely beautiful School and make it a
visually more appealing place. It will enable school children
to practice “intensive” gardening through maximum
utilization of limited space. It will provide an opportunity to
practice “intercropping” (I.e. planting a variety of plants in
one container) which ensure the health of plants due to
diversity. Such gardens “make use of unused school
spaces” (vacant staircases, terrace, compound wall, school
entrance sites, etc.)
Step:1
Step:2
Step:3
6. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF NUTRIBED
HDPE Nutribed is a readymade structural Unit.
Fabricated size :
L x W x H: 2438.40 mm x 838.2 mm x 228.60 mm
Made from High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
Woven fabric.
Laminated with LDPE (UV Stabilized).
Heat-Sealed Joints. Drainage net on each corner.
Thickness : 340 Gsm
Inbuilt with: Two line of subsurface pipe : made
from recycle rubber, length of each line : 2439
mm, wall thickness 2 mm , outer diameter 16mm ,
inner diameter 12mm. Working pressure 0.5
bar(7.5psi), PE lateral line , PE connector, PE
endcap and elbow , Support system of frp rod and
Pet wire.
7. ADVANTAGES OF NUTRIBED INBUILT WITH SUBSURFACE IRRIGATION SYSTEM
Protect crop from bad whether condition
Better germination , plant growth, root growth, improve productivity and quality of produce
Crop can be growing throughout the year best for high value vegetable crop.
Save up to 15% to 25% of water over drip/Sprinkler irrigation.
Save up to 35% to 45% of energy over drip irrigation.
Save up to 70% of fertilizer cost over drip irrigation.
Save up to 50% of weeding cost over drip irrigation.
Save up to 50% to 60% of labor cost over drip irrigation.
Save up to 90% of maintenance cost over drip irrigation.
No damage from rates, rodents, dogs, insects etc.
Subsurface irrigation pipe will serve more than 15 year and will reduce water consumption up to 40% for Nutrition gardens .