The document provides an overview of SAP (Systems, Applications and Products in Data Processing) software. It describes SAP as the world's leading provider of enterprise resource planning (ERP) software. It discusses the key advantages of SAP's high level of integration across applications. It also summarizes the typical three environment structure for an SAP project - development, quality assurance, and production. Finally, it outlines some of the main SAP modules used for functions like finance, sales, procurement, production planning, and human resources.

1. SAP(System Application & Product)
It stands for Systems, Applications and Products in Data
Processing. Over the years, it has grown an devolved to
become the world premier provider of client/server
business solutions for which it is so well known today. The
SAP R/3 enterprise application suite for open client/server
systems has established a new standards for providing
business information management solutions.
The main advantage of using SAP as your company ERP
system is that SAP have a very high level of integration
among its individual applications which guarantee
consistency of data throughout the system and the
company itself.

2. •The main advantage of using SAP as your company ERP
system is that SAP have a very high level of integration
among its individual applications which guarantee
consistency of data throughout the system and the company
itself.
In a standard SAP project system, it is divided into three
environments Development, Quality Assurance and
Production.
•The development system is where most of the
implementation work takes place.
•The quality assurance system is where all the final testing
is conducted before moving the transports to the production
environment.
• The production system is where all the daily business
activities occur.

3. SAP software uses a three-tiered architecture. In a three-
tiered architecture there are three nodes:
•Presentation Layer or Client
•Business Logic or Application Server
•Database Server

4.  Presentation Layer:-
The presentation layer contains the software components that make up
the SAP GUI (graphical user interface). This layer is the interface between the
SAP System and its users. The System uses the SAP GUI to provide an intuitive
graphical user interface for entering and displaying data. The presentation layer
sends the user’s input to the application server, and receives data for display
from it.
 Application Server:-
The actual SAP software runs on an application server. Client node simply
displays the image of the screen that is actually being produced on the
application server. It is important to note the application server only runs SAP
software. Data is not stored in application server
 Database Server:-
Data is stored on a separate machine called database server. Presentation
layer communicates with application server to retrieve the data to be displayed
to the user. Application server in turn communicates with the database server
to write data to the database and to retrieve data from the database. The
database server would be hosting a database management system like Oracle.

5. Architecture of the SAP web AS

6.  Purpose of SAP web based application server is to
implement both server based and client based
application.
Component of SAP web AS:
 The Internet Communication Manager (ICM) sets up the
connection to the Internet. It can process both server and
client Web requests. It supports the protocols HTTP, HTTPS,
and SMTP. The SAP Web AS can behave as a Web server or as a
Web client
 The dispatcher distributes the requests to the work processes.
If all the processes are occupied the requests are stored in the
dispatcher queue.
 SAP Jco(SAP java connector) is stabiles the communication
between java environment and ABAP environment.

7.  The ABAP Work Process executes the ABAP code.
 The message server exchanges messages and balances the
load in the SAP System.

8. SAP Modules

9.  Financial Accounting (FI): An important core module, designed for
meeting all the accounting and financial needs of an organization. Within
this module Financial Managers as well as other Managers within your
business can review the financial position of the company in real time.
 Controlling (CO): Represents the company’s flow of cost and revenue,
offers all the support information needed by Management for the purpose
of planning, reporting and decision making. Decision making can be
achieved with a high level of information reducing drastically risks.
Basically It is a management instrument for organizational decisions
 Sales & Distribution (SD): The SAP sales and distribution is part of the
logistics module that support your customers, starting from quotations,
sales order and all the way towards billing the customer. It is tightly
integrated with the MM (Material Management) and PP (Product
Planning) functional modules. It allows companies to input their
customer sales price, check for open orders and forecast etc.

10.  Material Management(MM): Is the materials management module of
the SAP. This module is used for Procurement Handling and Inventory
Management. Materials management (MM) is integrated with other
modules such as SD (Sales & Distribution), PP (Product Planning) and
QM (Quality Management). Materials management is used for
procurement and inventory management.
 Product Planning (PP): The purpose of PP&C (Production Planning and
Controlling) is to ensure that manufacturing runs effectively and
efficiently and produces products as required by customers. The
Production Planning module of SAP takes care of Master data needed like
Bill Of Materials, Routings and Work Centers and stores it in one separate
component.
 Quality Management (QM): Quality management is a method for
ensuring that all the activities necessary to design, develop and
implement a product or service are effective and efficient with respect to
the system and its performance. Quality management is the
comprehensive solution that supports the company throughout the
product life cycle and along the supply chain.


11.  Plant Maintenance (PM):oriented to cover all maintenance activities,
supporting the Planning, Programming and Implementation, with
emphasis on the availability of equipment, staff costs and Assurance,
guaranteeing so the state of the art of database and optimization. SAP’s
Plant Maintenance comprises of the following activities such as
inspection, to measures and establishes the actual condition of a technical
system, preventive maintenance to measures and maintain the ideal
condition of a technical system, repair to measures and restore the ideal
condition of a technical system and other measures that need to be taken
using the maintenance organization.
 Human Resources (HR): It deals with various activities done in the
human resource department of an organization, such as, Personal
administration, personnel development, training and event management,
payroll etc. This module enables customers to effectively manage
information about the people in their organization, and to integrate that
information with ”other SAP modules” and external systems.

12.  Project System (PS):Created to support the planning, control and
monitoring of long-term, highly complex projects with defined goals
.Projects are generally part of the internal processes of a company. To
be able to control all tasks in project execution, you need an
organizational form that is specific to the project and which is shared
by all departments involved.