The document discusses the S-curve, which represents natural growth and market penetration over time. The S-curve formula is presented, along with examples of how global internet hosts, Facebook users, tweets per second, and Kickstarter projects have all followed S-curve growth patterns to reach 50% market penetration within different time periods. It is noted that predictive values based on the S-curve are only indicative, as a single new data point can change predictions dramatically and that greater data is needed for more accurate forecasts.