a brief view on Russia and Ukraine conflict crisis and effects

2. Russia-Ukraine conflict crisis
ByTeam CHATURBHUJAS

3. Introduction
• Today we are going to explain a little about the Russia- Ukraine Conflict Crisis.
We are not taking any side; we are just sharing the knowledge we gained from
the history and current affairs based on facts and figures.
• As mentioned in the title, initially this was not a war. Due to different opinions
the conflicts led to the current situation between the two countries.

4. History of Russia and Ukraine
• Russia and Ukraine were part of the USSR, what is USSR?
• USSR stands for Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was the world’s largest
country formed in 1922 with a group of 15 republics Russia, Ukraine,
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belorussia (now Belarus), Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan,
Kirgiziya (now Kyrgyzstan), Latvia, Lithuania, Moldavia
(now Moldova), Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.
• In 1991 the USSR was dissolved following the collapse of its communist
government which is known as ‘The Fall of USSR’.
• In the Soviet Union, Russia was the most powerful country followed by Ukraine.
• If we look at the map, we can see that Ukraine is between Russia and European
Union( EU was formed in 1993 with 27 countries(European continent). In order
to grow economically, EU implemented these. 1)No travel restrictions among
EU countries. 2) exports and imports can be done without any taxes.
• The border countries Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania are already part of EU. The
remaining are Belarus and Ukraine didn’t join EU.

5. Causes of Conflict Crisis
• Sphere of Influence
• NATO
• NATO stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organization which was a military alliance established by North
Atlantic Treaty also called The Washington Treaty. This was started to create a counterweight to soviet
armies stationed in central and eastern Europe after world war-II.
• NATO is a security alliance which was formed by 12 countries Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France,
Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States
which was started on April 4,1949. Currently there are 30 countries in NATO.
• NATO can be simply explained like this. For eg: let’s take if Canada is attacked by a non-NATO country ,
then all other NATO members unitedly will support its member by sending their military forces and
weapon arsenal.

6. When USSR fell out in
1991, there was an
agreement made
between Russia and
Ukraine that Russia will
operate its navel base
from Crimea which is a
borderland of Russia.
Ukraine started plans to join NATO in 2002 and applied for
membership in 2008 because of these following issues with Russia.

7. In 2010, then president Viktor Yanukovych who
was backed the Russia, signed a deal to extend the
time period to use the Crimea for its naval base
operations by 25 years in return Ukraine will get
30% exemption on Oil and Natural gases and also
delayed the process of Ukraine joining NATO
In 2013,president Viktor refused to sign the EU
association deal which led to a series of protests known as
Euromaidan. The Ukrainian people wanted him to resign.
The other government officials removed him from
president role. But the borderland regions Luhansk,
Donetsk and Crimea opposed this and they started to
protest.

8. Russia took this as an advantage and sent their military
forces and occupied Crimea. Later they conducted an
election in Crimea to let the people decide to be
independent or to be part of Russia. 97% people
wanted to be part of Russia and based on people’s
decision Crimea became a part of Russia, but the
protests continued in other two regions.
In 2014, new president was elected who was a pro-
western. This led to severe protests in two regions
Luhansk and Donetsk. Ukraine government sent
military forces to control the rebels, in counter-attack
Russia unofficially helped the rebels by sending weapon
arsenal. After some time, the rebels took control over
the two regions.
Ukraine thought Russia might occupy the two regions
like Crimea and they know that they can’t face the war
with Russia by their own so they tried to join NATO, all
of a sudden Russia declared independence to the two
regions and declared war with Ukraine

9. • In 2014, following the large scale fighting’s and violence the (OCSE) Organisation for security and
cooperation in Europe and by the Russian backed separatist leaders Zakharchenko and Plotnitsky set
out a 12-point cease fire deal called the Minsk-1 deal but the agreement quickly broke down.
• Later Minsk-2 agreement was made, but it was also violated.
• According to Ukraine point of view they can’t allow Russia to invade and take control over their lands
so they entered into war.
• According to Russia point of view they can’t allow anyone in their borderlands who might pose
security threats.
• NATO has been holding the Ukraine’s membership because it is opposed by some NATO members such
as France and Germany and kept official membership out of Ukraine’s reach citing the situations
happening in Ukraine.
• As per latest Update from the current president of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy, he stated that the
country is no longer insisting on NATO membership.

10. Effects of Russia-Ukraine Conflict
• Oil and natural gases prices went high.(Gone up over
20%).
• Stock markets suffered with huge losses.
• Freight (Cargo Delivery) rates went very high.
• High impact on wheat and corn exports to middle
eastern and African continents.
• According to the report 2187 Ukrainian civilians have
been killed.
• Between 5000 and 6000 Russian soldiers were killed.
• Many medical students careers are in uncertainty.

12. References
1) https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index.html
2) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/nato
3) https://youtu.be/O1i3sJlQKyo
4) https://youtu.be/nK-yJD_fAtk
5) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union

13. Hope this will end soon and peace
is restored
Thank you
Team CHATURBHUJAS