Running head: BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY 1 BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY 3 n week one we will discuss the introduction into data mining concepts.  We focus on the importance of data algorithms and how different methods can derive different results. Objectives: 1. Define the importance of understanding the differences in different data algorithms and the output variance. 2. Explain how different output can occur when managing different data algorithms. 3. Comprehend the various motivating challenges with data mining. 4. Understand how data mining integrates with the various components of statistics, AL, ML, and Pattern Recognition. 5. Explain the difference between predictive and descriptive tasks and the importance of each. In week two we will review a use case on traditional data collection methods and the downfalls.  We also discuss data attributes and classification this week. Objectives: 1. Comprehend the traditional methods of data collection and the challenges of traditional methods compared to automated methods. 2. Discuss the concepts of optimization and performance measurement in a real-world example. 3. Understand the key components of attributes including the different types and the importance of each. 4. Explain the difference between discrete and continuous data. 5. Compare the pitfalls and benefits of model selection and evaluation. 6. Explain the concepts in data classification. n week three we discuss the various types of classifiers used in data mining.  We also utilize a real-world example and discuss how opinion mining is used in information retrieval and is used with NLP techniques. Objectives: 1. Define the various types of classifiers. 2. Understand the key components to logic regression. 3. Compare and contrast nearest neighbor and naïve Bayes classifiers. 4. Discuss a real-world example on opinion mining and how it is used in information retrieval. 5. Explain the various components and techniques of opinion mining and the importance to transforming an organizations NLP framework. Week 4 1. Understand the concept of the association rule in data mining. 2. Explain how the association rule is important in big data analysis. 3. Interpret how the association rule allows for more advanced data interpretation. 4. Utilize the lessons learned up to date in this course to complete the midterm. 5. Examine how all of the work to date builds within the data mining framework. 1  Principles of Economics Arab World Second Edition  N. Gregory Mankiw and Mohamed H. Rashwan  ISBN 978‐1‐4080‐4857‐3 © 2015 Cengage Learning EMEA.  This case study written by Doaa Salman   Associate Professor, Economics Department  MSA University, Egypt    CASE STUDY – EGYPTIAN TOURISM INDUSTRY, THE HILTON HOTEL IN EGYPT Learning outcomes After reading this case study and completing the questions, students should be able to do the following:  Differentiate between demand and supply in the tourism industry.  Determine the factors affect.

1. Running head: BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY
1
BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY 3
n week one we will discuss the introduction into data mining
concepts. We focus on the importance of data algorithms and
how different methods can derive different results.
Objectives:
1. Define the importance of understanding the differences in
different data algorithms and the output variance.
2. Explain how different output can occur when managing
different data algorithms.
3. Comprehend the various motivating challenges with data
mining.
4. Understand how data mining integrates with the various
components of statistics, AL, ML, and Pattern Recognition.
5. Explain the difference between predictive and descriptive
tasks and the importance of each.
In week two we will review a use case on traditional data
collection methods and the downfalls. We also discuss data
attributes and classification this week.
Objectives:
1. Comprehend the traditional methods of data collection and
the challenges of traditional methods compared to automated
methods.
2. Discuss the concepts of optimization and performance
measurement in a real-world example.
3. Understand the key components of attributes including the
different types and the importance of each.
4. Explain the difference between discrete and continuous data.
5. Compare the pitfalls and benefits of model selection and

2. evaluation.
6. Explain the concepts in data classification.
n week three we discuss the various types of classifiers used in
data mining. We also utilize a real-world example and discuss
how opinion mining is used in information retrieval and is used
with NLP techniques.
Objectives:
1. Define the various types of classifiers.
2. Understand the key components to logic regression.
3. Compare and contrast nearest neighbor and naïve Bayes
classifiers.
4. Discuss a real-world example on opinion mining and how it is
used in information retrieval.
5. Explain the various components and techniques of opinion
mining and the importance to transforming an organizations
NLP framework.
Week 4
1. Understand the concept of the association rule in data
mining.
2. Explain how the association rule is important in big data
analysis.
3. Interpret how the association rule allows for more advanced
data interpretation.
4. Utilize the lessons learned up to date in this course to
complete the midterm.
5. Examine how all of the work to date builds within the data
mining framework.
1

3. Principles of Economics Arab World Second Edition
N. Gregory Mankiw and Mohamed H. Rashwan
ISBN 978‐1‐4080‐4857‐3 © 2015 Cengage Learning EMEA.
This case study written by Doaa Salman
Associate Professor, Economics Department MSA University, E
gypt
CASE STUDY – EGYPTIAN TOURISM INDUSTRY, THE
HILTON HOTEL IN
EGYPT
Learning outcomes
After reading this case study and completing the questions,
students should be able to do
the following:
industry.
tourism industry.
ish the differences between elasticity of demand and
supply.
cost.
Egypt is a leading Arab League country in terms of tourist
arrivals. Egypt’s interest in tourism

4. has reflected on the competitive position of the Egyptian
tourism in the Arab League and the
world, Egypt having 1.2% of the world tourism and 1% of the
total international tourism
revenues during 2008. To maintain this competitive level the
government has improved
infrastructure; transportation facilities and aviation. Meanwhile,
the Egyptian tourism provided
services for about 14 million tourists, thus topped in rank the
states of the Arab League and
North Africa and ranked the 24th among the most important
world tourism destinations.
Tourism makes up more than 10% of Egypt’s GDP and is an
important export earner.
The remarkable increase in tourism is attributed to the:
promotional activities by the country
(which underpin the rest), reforms done by the government, and
Egypt’s strategic location.
Egypt is rich in cultural heritage, with seven World Heritage
cultural sites and several
international fairs and exhibitions held in the country. In
addition to its cultural attributes, it has
been benefiting from excellent price competitiveness, ranked
fifth with competitive hotel
prices, low fuel costs, and low prices more generally.
The tourism industry is segmented according to the level of the
services required and the
facilities demanded from the customer. To understand the type
of the tourism market in Egypt,
we have to analyze main factors affecting the market including:
number of players, barriers for
entry, homogeneity of products and transparency of
information. In general, the tourism
industry is extremely homogenous in that all services created

5. and introduced have counterparts
produced by each tourism hotel. In addition, the products, even
if branded differently are by
default, homogenous in terms of the sights and places that will
be visited. The tourism industry
is a very transparent one. Based on the above analysis, the
market structure of the local tourism
industry in Egypt can be considered “Perfect competitive
market”.
Unfortunately, Egypt faces a huge drop in tourism numbers due
to the Egyptian revolution on
25th January 2011, and the resultant political instability has had
a dramatic effect on the number
of tourists. In addition to the regional political instability is
neighboring Libya, which have all
added to the perceived risk of holidaying in Egypt.
2
Principles of Economics Arab World Second Edition
N. Gregory Mankiw and Mohamed H. Rashwan
ISBN 978‐1‐4080‐4857‐3 © 2015 Cengage Learning EMEA.
This case study written by Doaa Salman
Associate Professor, Economics Department MSA University, E
gypt
Despite this instability in the Arab World it is still attractive
due to its strategic location. In

6. April 2011, Hilton Worldwide opened the 164-unit in Cairo.
Hilton plans to add number of
other properties over the next few years to its portfolio across
the country, underpinning the
confidence it has in the Egyptian tourism market.
One of the most attractive sites in Egypt is Hurgada, where
there are five big hotels competing
in the Hurgada market. This is in addition to many small hotels
and they are all considered to
be “price takers”. This means that the relation between Price
and Demand is one way only, i.e.
the market price affects the demand, but the demand has no
influence on the price. There is no
barrier for entry in this industry in Egypt, which has led to the
large number of local competitors
we see in the market. These low barriers expose key market
players to high risk due to the huge
competition.
To apply the concept of price elasticity deals with how
responsive consumer demand is, to a
change in price. If a price increase occurs (P1 to P2), a
corresponding change in demand (Q1
to Q2) may occur. For example, reserving a room is affected by
seasonality where in the high
season the prices differ than in low season. This seasonality
affects the price elasticity of
demand as it varies from perfect elastic demand to perfect
inelastic demand: oppositely, it
doesn't follow the rule of elasticity in the crises times, or in
high season times.
In addition to the price elasticity of demand and supply, the
income elasticity in the tourism
industry is characterized by a high-income elasticity especially

7. in the Hilton hotel services
where it is a luxury item and it can be highly influenced by the
tourist origin country’s
economic growth cyclical pattern.
Questions
1. List the factors affecting demand and supply in the tourism
industry and Hurgada
Hilton hotels. Is the law of supply and demand valid or not (for
Hilton) and why?
2. Determine the sunk cost in the tourism industry.
3. Explain the factors affecting the perfect competitive market
types, providing examples.
References
http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Story.aspx?sid=1042