Abstract --- Graspless manipulation is easily interfered by external disturbances because the manipulated object is not completely held by a robot hand and supported by an environment such as a floor. Thus it is important to ensure the manipulation
is executed robustly against some disturbances. In our works, we have proposed a rigid-body-based analysis of indeterminate contact forces for quasi-static graspless manipulation, and also joint torque optimization for robotic hands. The joint torques
of the robot is determined in consideration of some robustness of manipulation against disturbances, which include changes or estimation errors of friction. In the analysis of contact forces in quasi-statics, we consider a kinematic constraint on static friction to exclude infeasible sets of frictional force, with considering treatment of kinetic friction. We also propose new objective functions for computing optimal joint torques in both static and quasi-static graspless manipulation. Some numerical samples of both applications are shown to verify our proposed methods.
セル生産方式におけるロボットの活用には様々な問題があるが,その一つとして 3 体以上の物体の組み立てが挙げられる.一般に,複数物体を同時に組み立てる際は,対象の部品をそれぞれロボットアームまたは治具でそれぞれ独立に保持することで組み立てを遂行すると考えられる.ただし,この方法ではロボットアームや治具を部品数と同じ数だけ必要とし,部品数が多いほどコスト面や設置スペースの関係で無駄が多くなる.この課題に対して音𣷓らは組み立て対象物に働く接触力等の解析により,治具等で固定されていない対象物が組み立て作業中に運動しにくい状態となる条件を求めた.すなわち,環境中の非把持対象物のロバスト性を考慮して,組み立て作業条件を検討している.本研究ではこの方策に基づいて,複数物体の組み立て作業を単腕マニピュレータで実行することを目的とする.このとき,対象物のロバスト性を考慮することで,仮組状態の複数物体を同時に扱う手法を提案する.作業対象としてパイプジョイントの組み立てを挙げ,簡易な道具を用いることで単腕マニピュレータで複数物体を同時に把持できることを示す.さらに,作業成功率の向上のために RGB-D カメラを用いた物体の位置検出に基づくロボット制御及び動作計画を実装する.
This paper discusses assembly operations using a single manipulator and a parallel gripper to simultaneously
grasp multiple objects and hold the group of temporarily assembled objects. Multiple robots and jigs generally operate
assembly tasks by constraining the target objects mechanically or geometrically to prevent them from moving. It is
necessary to analyze the physical interaction between the objects for such constraints to achieve the tasks with a single
gripper. In this paper, we focus on assembling pipe joints as an example and discuss constraining the motion of the
objects. Our demonstration shows that a simple tool can facilitate holding multiple objects with a single gripper.
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of motion planning for robotic manipulation, encompassing grasp planning, motion planning, MoveIt in ROS, OMPL, RRT, forward and inverse kinematics, singularity of robotic manipulators, and manipulability.
This paper presents a load estimation method using a mechanochromic hydrogel sheet. The structural color of the gel is changed depending on the applied pressure to the gel sheet. The proposed load estimator based on the combined approaches with image features and machine learning can detect the applied load from the captured images of the gel sheet. The extracted image features of the color images of the gel sheet are superimposed on the captured initial images. By using the superimposed images as input to the machine learning system, we improve the success rate and precision of the load estimation. The experimental results show that the estimator recognizes the applied force with every 100 gf from 0 to 1,000.
Abstract --- Graspless manipulation is easily interfered by external disturbances because the manipulated object is not completely held by a robot hand and supported by an environment such as a floor. Thus it is important to ensure the manipulation
is executed robustly against some disturbances. In our works, we have proposed a rigid-body-based analysis of indeterminate contact forces for quasi-static graspless manipulation, and also joint torque optimization for robotic hands. The joint torques
of the robot is determined in consideration of some robustness of manipulation against disturbances, which include changes or estimation errors of friction. In the analysis of contact forces in quasi-statics, we consider a kinematic constraint on static friction to exclude infeasible sets of frictional force, with considering treatment of kinetic friction. We also propose new objective functions for computing optimal joint torques in both static and quasi-static graspless manipulation. Some numerical samples of both applications are shown to verify our proposed methods.
セル生産方式におけるロボットの活用には様々な問題があるが,その一つとして 3 体以上の物体の組み立てが挙げられる.一般に,複数物体を同時に組み立てる際は,対象の部品をそれぞれロボットアームまたは治具でそれぞれ独立に保持することで組み立てを遂行すると考えられる.ただし,この方法ではロボットアームや治具を部品数と同じ数だけ必要とし,部品数が多いほどコスト面や設置スペースの関係で無駄が多くなる.この課題に対して音𣷓らは組み立て対象物に働く接触力等の解析により,治具等で固定されていない対象物が組み立て作業中に運動しにくい状態となる条件を求めた.すなわち,環境中の非把持対象物のロバスト性を考慮して,組み立て作業条件を検討している.本研究ではこの方策に基づいて,複数物体の組み立て作業を単腕マニピュレータで実行することを目的とする.このとき,対象物のロバスト性を考慮することで,仮組状態の複数物体を同時に扱う手法を提案する.作業対象としてパイプジョイントの組み立てを挙げ,簡易な道具を用いることで単腕マニピュレータで複数物体を同時に把持できることを示す.さらに,作業成功率の向上のために RGB-D カメラを用いた物体の位置検出に基づくロボット制御及び動作計画を実装する.
This paper discusses assembly operations using a single manipulator and a parallel gripper to simultaneously
grasp multiple objects and hold the group of temporarily assembled objects. Multiple robots and jigs generally operate
assembly tasks by constraining the target objects mechanically or geometrically to prevent them from moving. It is
necessary to analyze the physical interaction between the objects for such constraints to achieve the tasks with a single
gripper. In this paper, we focus on assembling pipe joints as an example and discuss constraining the motion of the
objects. Our demonstration shows that a simple tool can facilitate holding multiple objects with a single gripper.
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of motion planning for robotic manipulation, encompassing grasp planning, motion planning, MoveIt in ROS, OMPL, RRT, forward and inverse kinematics, singularity of robotic manipulators, and manipulability.
This paper presents a load estimation method using a mechanochromic hydrogel sheet. The structural color of the gel is changed depending on the applied pressure to the gel sheet. The proposed load estimator based on the combined approaches with image features and machine learning can detect the applied load from the captured images of the gel sheet. The extracted image features of the color images of the gel sheet are superimposed on the captured initial images. By using the superimposed images as input to the machine learning system, we improve the success rate and precision of the load estimation. The experimental results show that the estimator recognizes the applied force with every 100 gf from 0 to 1,000.
第26回ロボティクス・シンポジア オーバーナイトセッション「どうするどうなるオンライン学会発表!画面越しでも楽しむ100の方法」で話題提供した,オンラインサービスのまとめです.
A survey of web services for on-line academic conferences. For example, I pick up services for video chat or web meeting, services for texting, environments for virtual reality, webinars, and broadcasting.
This paper presents a homogeneous evaluation of difficulty of moving attributed to both geometrical and mechanical constraints. Although caging grasp usually considers to confine an object geometrically by surrounding robots, it is not always feasible due to limitation of robots such as few number of robots or fingers. Such incomplete caging is often called as partial caging, and in which the object can escape from the cage of robots. And then the object is prevented from moving by both geometrical constraints and mechanical effects. The former can be discussed with arrangements of robots and environments, and the latter is investigated with static/dynamic analyses of contact forces. This paper addresses both different indexes homogeneously based on robustness measure for grasping and contact tasks. We introduce a novel interpretation for evaluation of complete/partial caging quality, and show some numerical examples.
Keywords: Manipulation, Grasping, Caging, Force analysis
This paper proposes a motion classification with electromyogram for twisting manipulation, which is composed
of flexion/expansion and pronation/supination. Instead of attaching a set of electrodes at the surfaces on each target muscle, we adopt a commercial arm-band-type electrodes array with focusing on wearability. A typical signal processing, Integrated Electromyogram, and a classifier, Support Vector Machine, are employed to analyze eight channels of electromyogram for six hand actions. We experimentally investigate the accuracy of classification in real-time and interference of muscle fatigue. Since each pattern of electromyogram for a particular action is changed by posture of upper limb, its interference as noises are also investigated.
本研究では幾何学的拘束と力学的拘束を同時に評価する手法を提案する.ケージングは対象物をロボットで囲い込み,抜け出せないように拘束する手法である.物体の囲い込みが不完全なとき,対象物はロボットが障害物となる幾何学的拘束と,重力などの力学的作用との両方によって運動しにくくなる.本論文ではマニピュレーションのロバスト性評価に基づいて,幾何学的拘束を力学解析の枠組みで評価できる解釈を示す.いくつかの数値例を以て,その有用性を検証する.
This paper presents a novel measurement method for caging quality based on static analysis of robotic grasping and manipulation. Caging is a geometrical constraint of objects in which they captured by surrounding robots are restricted to move in the bounded space. In cases of partially caged objects, simultaneous evaluation of both caging quality and force closure is required, and we propose one based on the robustness measure of grasping and manipulation. Some numerical results are presented to validate our proposed procedure of evaluation.
牧原 昂志,槇田 諭,第24回ロボティクスシンポジア,pp. 189-192,2019年3月15日.
Abstract --- This paper introduces a community for young researchers in robotics, HUROBINT (HUman and ROBot INTeraction) and its social activities. Additionally it addresses importance and merit of science communication with citizens and researchers in other fields. The HUROBINT community helps young researchers make collaborators who join their research projects and other activities. And it provides us with good opportunities to make friends in the same fields. Social activities and science communication are essentially parts of research activities, and they contribute to not only widely spread our achievement but also provide us with interdisciplinary viewpoints. Making social network and implementation of out-reaching will give us fruitful effects on robotics researches that are going to be highly complicated day by day.
For sightseeing, Northern Kyushu, Japan, has excellent cities and cultures! From Hakata, Fukuoka, which is the largest city in Kyushu, most of the cities in Kyushu can be easily reached by train or bus.
Using telepresence robots and video conferencing systems, researchers aimed to address social issues faced by remote island communities by increasing educational opportunities. The robots allowed virtual tours of research labs and museums located hundreds of kilometers away. Live streaming and video conferencing were also used to broadcast forums and discussions. The goal was to cancel geographical barriers and provide more communication and learning opportunities for children and others living in small, remote islands.
第26回ロボティクス・シンポジア オーバーナイトセッション「どうするどうなるオンライン学会発表!画面越しでも楽しむ100の方法」で話題提供した,オンラインサービスのまとめです.
A survey of web services for on-line academic conferences. For example, I pick up services for video chat or web meeting, services for texting, environments for virtual reality, webinars, and broadcasting.
This paper presents a homogeneous evaluation of difficulty of moving attributed to both geometrical and mechanical constraints. Although caging grasp usually considers to confine an object geometrically by surrounding robots, it is not always feasible due to limitation of robots such as few number of robots or fingers. Such incomplete caging is often called as partial caging, and in which the object can escape from the cage of robots. And then the object is prevented from moving by both geometrical constraints and mechanical effects. The former can be discussed with arrangements of robots and environments, and the latter is investigated with static/dynamic analyses of contact forces. This paper addresses both different indexes homogeneously based on robustness measure for grasping and contact tasks. We introduce a novel interpretation for evaluation of complete/partial caging quality, and show some numerical examples.
Keywords: Manipulation, Grasping, Caging, Force analysis
This paper proposes a motion classification with electromyogram for twisting manipulation, which is composed
of flexion/expansion and pronation/supination. Instead of attaching a set of electrodes at the surfaces on each target muscle, we adopt a commercial arm-band-type electrodes array with focusing on wearability. A typical signal processing, Integrated Electromyogram, and a classifier, Support Vector Machine, are employed to analyze eight channels of electromyogram for six hand actions. We experimentally investigate the accuracy of classification in real-time and interference of muscle fatigue. Since each pattern of electromyogram for a particular action is changed by posture of upper limb, its interference as noises are also investigated.
本研究では幾何学的拘束と力学的拘束を同時に評価する手法を提案する.ケージングは対象物をロボットで囲い込み,抜け出せないように拘束する手法である.物体の囲い込みが不完全なとき,対象物はロボットが障害物となる幾何学的拘束と,重力などの力学的作用との両方によって運動しにくくなる.本論文ではマニピュレーションのロバスト性評価に基づいて,幾何学的拘束を力学解析の枠組みで評価できる解釈を示す.いくつかの数値例を以て,その有用性を検証する.
This paper presents a novel measurement method for caging quality based on static analysis of robotic grasping and manipulation. Caging is a geometrical constraint of objects in which they captured by surrounding robots are restricted to move in the bounded space. In cases of partially caged objects, simultaneous evaluation of both caging quality and force closure is required, and we propose one based on the robustness measure of grasping and manipulation. Some numerical results are presented to validate our proposed procedure of evaluation.
牧原 昂志,槇田 諭,第24回ロボティクスシンポジア,pp. 189-192,2019年3月15日.
Abstract --- This paper introduces a community for young researchers in robotics, HUROBINT (HUman and ROBot INTeraction) and its social activities. Additionally it addresses importance and merit of science communication with citizens and researchers in other fields. The HUROBINT community helps young researchers make collaborators who join their research projects and other activities. And it provides us with good opportunities to make friends in the same fields. Social activities and science communication are essentially parts of research activities, and they contribute to not only widely spread our achievement but also provide us with interdisciplinary viewpoints. Making social network and implementation of out-reaching will give us fruitful effects on robotics researches that are going to be highly complicated day by day.
For sightseeing, Northern Kyushu, Japan, has excellent cities and cultures! From Hakata, Fukuoka, which is the largest city in Kyushu, most of the cities in Kyushu can be easily reached by train or bus.
Using telepresence robots and video conferencing systems, researchers aimed to address social issues faced by remote island communities by increasing educational opportunities. The robots allowed virtual tours of research labs and museums located hundreds of kilometers away. Live streaming and video conferencing were also used to broadcast forums and discussions. The goal was to cancel geographical barriers and provide more communication and learning opportunities for children and others living in small, remote islands.