The document discusses the root servers which are the first step in resolving host names on the internet. It explains that there are 13 root server addresses which are implemented using anycast so there are actually over 600 physical server locations. It provides background on how DNS works to map names to internet resources and different types of DNS records. It also gives a brief history of how DNS evolved from the early ARPANET and how root servers are run by independent organizations with locations around the world.

1. Root Servers

2. Summary
• What are the Root Servers?
• DNS & stuff
• THE Root Servers
• Shutdown the Internet?
• Conclusion

3. What are the Root Servers?
- 1st step resolving host names
- Answer record in root zone
- 13 servers addresses
- With anycast  632 servers

4. DNS & stuff
- Essential to the Internet
- Phone book
- Map name to Internet ressources
- Type of records:
- SOA
- A/AAAA
- MX
- NS
- PTR
- CNAME

5. DNS & stuff
ARPANET  Early packet switching
- Telephone during business hours to the NIC
- Add manually
HISTORICALLY

6. DNS & stuff
Anycast addressing
One-to-nearest association
- Clusters of hosts
- 12/13 exist in multiple locations
For example: Root server H exists in 2 US location

7. DNS & stuff
Authoritative name servers
- Can me primary or secondary server

8. DNS & stuff
Regrouping all the information
VIDEO 1

9. THE Root Servers
Who is running them?

10. THE Root Servers
Where are they situated?

11. Shutdown the Internet?
VIDEO 2

12. Conclusion
Do you have any questions?