A continuous bar mill (CBM) consists of multiple independent stands that can each apply rolling reduction to a metal bar. There are three main mills within a CBM - the roughing, stretching, and finishing mills - which are identified by decreasing roll diameters and increasing roll hardness. In continuous rolling, the bar volume remains constant while the flow rate varies according to the bar cross-sectional area. Rolling produces elongation, reduction in thickness, and sometimes spread. Proper roll pass design following principles like constant volume and flow is important for efficient shaping of bars.