Role of Hypothalamus in Food and Water Balance.pptx
1. Role of
Hypothalamus in the
Regulation of Food
and Water Intake
Zammam Hashim Mecci
Roll No-149
2. Learning
Objectives
• Feeding Centre
• Satiety Centre
• Hormonal Factors
influencing Food and Water
Intake
• Change in Osmolality
• Change in Fluid Volume
• Clinical Application
3. Feeding
Centre
1.Feeding center is the lateral
hypothalamus (LH), located
in the bed nucleus of median
forebrain bundle at its junction
with the pallidohypothalamic fibers.
2. LH is called feeding
center as its stimulation greatly
increases food intake.
3.On the contrary, experimental
lesion of LH results in fatal
anorexia in otherwise healthy
animals
4. 1.The ventromedial hypothalamus
(VMH) is called satiety center,
because stimulation of it causes
cessation of eating,
2.whereas lesion of it causes
severe hyperphagia that results in
morbid obesity.
3.The obesity due to VMH lesion
is called hypothalamic obesity.
Satiety
Centre
7. Change in
Osmolality
• Osmoreceptors are located in the
anterior Hypothalamus
• Hyperosmolality of plasma stimulated
hypothalamic thirst center that increases
water intake
• Hyperosmolality also increases ADH
secretion and decreases water loss in
urine by increasing reabsorption from
the kidney tubule.
8. Change
in Fluid
Volume
• Hypovolemia increases rennin
secretion from JG cells of the kidney
that, in turn, forms angiotensin-II (A-II).
• A-II is a strong dipsogen
• It stimulates the Organum Vasculosum
of Lamina Terminalis and Sub
Formical Organ to increase water
intake.
9. Clinical Application
• Lesion of Satiety Centre causes
hypothalamic obesity.
• Lesion of the Feeding Centre causes
severe Anorexia and Death.
