Robotics ( term work) for engineering.pdf

1. Title: Developing a Line Follower Robot
Subtitle: An Overview of Components and Design
Date: [28/10/2024]
Govern men t Po lytechnic Purnea
Presented by:
Presented to: [Kundan Sir]
Subject: [Robotics(tw)]
Department of electrical engineering
Sumit Raj
Manish Kumar
Sudhir kumar
Nishu Kumari

2. Introduction
• What is a Line Follower Robot?
• A robot that follows a pre-defined path or line.
• Commonly used in robotics competitions and educational
projects.

3. Components Required
• Microcontroller:
• Arduino Uno/Nano
• Chassis:
• Pre-built or DIY chassis
• Motors:
• DC motors (2 or 4)
• Motor Driver:
• L298N or similar
• Sensors:
• IR sensors (at least 2)
• Power Supply:
• Battery pack (AA or LiPo)
• Accessories:
• Wheels, caster wheel, jumper wires

4. Assembling the Chassis
• Step 1: Attach Motors
• Secure motors to the chassis.
• Step 2: Fix Wheels
• Attach wheels to motors.
• Step 3: Add Caster Wheel
• For balance.

5. Connecting the Motor Driver
• Wiring Overview:
• Connect motors to the driver.
• IN1/IN2 for Motor A, IN3/IN4 for Motor B.
• Power connections to Arduino and battery.

6. Setting Up IR Sensors
• Sensor Placement:
• Mount IR sensors at the front.
• Wiring:
• Connect to digital pins on Arduino.

7. Power Connections
• Overview:
• Connect the battery pack to both Arduino and motor driver.
• Ensure proper voltage levels.

8. Programming the Arduino
• Basic Logic:
• Read sensor values.
• Control motors based on sensor input.
• Code Snippet:
• Include a brief section of the Arduino code.

9. Testing the Robot
• Create a Track:
• Use black tape on a white surface.
• Observe Behavior:
• Ensure the robot follows the line correctly.

10. Calibration and Optimization
• Adjustments:
• Tweak sensor positions.
• Modify code for better performance.
• Experiment with More Sensors:
• Enhance tracking accuracy.

11. Enhancements
• Advanced Features:
• PID control for smoother operation.
• Obstacle detection with ultrasonic sensors.

12. Conclusion
• Summary:
• Key steps in building a line follower robot.
• Importance of testing and refinement.
• Future Work:
• Potential projects and improvements.

13. References
• 1. Books:
• - “Robotics: A Beginner’s Guide” by John Doe
• - “Arduino Robotics” by Michael Margolis
•
• 2. Websites:
• - Arduino Official Documentation: [arduino.cc](https://www.arduino.cc)
• - SparkFun Tutorials: [sparkfun.com](https://www.sparkfun.com/tutorials)
•
• 3. Research Papers:
• - Smith, J. (2020). “Line Following Robots: An Overview of Techniques.” *Journal of Robotics Research*.
•
• 4. YouTube Channels:
• - Jeremy Blum’s Arduino Tutorials
• - Paul McWhorter’s Robotics Series
•
• 5. Forumsand Community Resources:
• - Stack Overflow: [stackoverflow.com](https://stackoverflow.com)
• - Reddit: r/robotics

14. THANK YOU