International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Education System during Pandemic Situation of COVID 19 in Indiaijtsrd
This is on the transformation of education system during pandemic situation of COVID 19 in India .COVID 19 is an infectious disease caused by corona virus .The first case of COVID 19 in India was reported on 30th January 2020,originating from china .the virus not only affected the human life ,economy and other living factors but also disturbed education system. for purpose of social distancing and human safetly various strong decisions are taken by government of India was announced on 24th march midnight by prime minister Narendra Modi which was of 21 days .On 14th April the prime minister extended lockdown up to 3 May ,the rising in corona virus cases the lockdown again extended till 17th may and there are chances of extension depending upon cases. The extension of lockdown and closures of school, colleges affected the education learning, classes ,economy as well as the academic year of 2020. Shreyal Darole "Education System during Pandemic Situation of COVID-19 in India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31030.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/31030/education-system-during-pandemic-situation-of-covid19-in-india/shreyal-darole
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
The Implementation of E-learning System Governance to Deal with User Need, In...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this digital era, it has been proven that the proper of e-learning system implementation provides
various advantages and huge benefits. But to achieve the proper implementation is not an easy way since
there are many obstacles have to be addressed. Beside the benefits and advantages, such as the other IT
based system, e-learning also bring many risks that come from its environment or embedded in. Although
many methods or approaches proposed to tackle those obstacles and risks, but the study that tackle those
problems from IT Governance view is still limited. The study presents the report of the IT Governance
approach to address some of the risks of eLearning system implementation such as: miss alignment with
the enterprise goal and strategies, uncomplianceness with the government regulation, and unmatched with
the stakeholder needs. The governance of eLearning system proposed has been implemented in the
private university situated in Jakarta, Indonesia for two semesters. Based on the general observation, the
University can get some benefits such as their succeed in maintaining its institution as the university that
comply with government regulatory.
THE USE OF CLOUD E-LEARNING PLATFORM TO ENHANCE EFFICIENCY OF HOSPITAL IN JOB...ijcsit
Hospital in order to host multimedia content, licenses and staff in-service education in learning, learning platform to promote construction of the clouds. In this study, quantitative research to explore the building through the clouds to enhance the learning platform with the hospital staff in the benefits of the correlation.
First, literature review to identify the factors that measure the effectiveness of e-learning. Second, using a questionnaire designed to identify factors that enhance the effectiveness of online learning platform and build the relationship between the cloud-learning platforms to identify design strategies. The again, using these factors to design cloud e-learning platform for hospital. Finally, the assessment review of the applicability of the cloud-learning platform.
A Framework to Achieve Quality and Excellence in Higher Education: A Literatu...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Educating large numbers of people to a high
standard and disseminating knowledge can be considered as
the main objectives of today’s higher education sector. An
effective framework for delivery mechanism by enhancing
the functional responsibility and its effective execution will
help the nation in achieving quality and excellence in higher
education. Present paper tries to explore framework for
achieving quality and excellence in higher education by
analysing the various functional aspect of higher educational
system in the country. After extensive literature survey and
analysing the research work of eminent researchers and
thinkers, it is concluded that higher education has become
larger and more central to society and individuals; hence,
there a need to develop framework including different
functional components for performance indicator and
measurement. It is suggested that various enhancement
function should be executed primarily in systems of high
trust, whereas the accountability function has to be
developed to prevent bad quality of institutions and
programs, and thus to protect the beneficiaries i.e. students
and society. Universities need to be consciously and
explicitly managing the processes associated with the
creation of their knowledge assets and to recognise the value
of their intellectual capital to their continuing role in society
and in a wider global marketplace for higher education.
The main aim to choose technical education is that it specializes the students as skilled labours and technically fit in the industries.
Source<> http://www.edubilla.com/articles/student-career-tips/the-importance-of-technical-education/
COVID 19: Analyzing the Impact on the Education SectorAlaina Carter
COVID-19 has caused an abrupt closure of learning institutions globally. The education center is facing various challenges during this pandemic, but thanks to the Digital transformation, things have been better because of it. Read more to know the impacts of COVID-19 on the education sector and how digital transformation can help.
Before the advent of the industrialization, Education was the privilege to the people of ancient times.
We have been witnessing the various forms of education like vedic, boards, technical education etc...
The Industry-University Interface:An Academic Administrator’s ViewJAX Chamber IT Council
Improving the Academic-Industry Interface. A presentation by Dean Mark A. Tumeo, PhD, JD, PE of UNF's College of Computing, Engineering and Construction, August 2013 to the JAX Chamber IT Council.
E-teaching is an innovative teaching strategy
using the e-learning technology to empower both learners and
teachers thus providing opportunities for superior learning
experiences. The study enhances the education practice of those
teachers handling different graduate programs specifically
those offered by Lyceum of the Philippines University -
Batangas. This study focused on assessing and analyzing the
different important factors pertaining to the readiness and
inclination of the teachers. This involves introduction of
e-teaching on the part of the teachers and e-learning on the part
of the graduate students to their respective programs of study.
The findings revealed that the graduate school teachers are
aware of their vital role in developing effective delivery of
instruction and their openness on the active participation in
conducting classes in an online learning environment. Also, the
university is ready to take the e-teaching program as a mode of
instruction for the Graduate School.
Education System during Pandemic Situation of COVID 19 in Indiaijtsrd
This is on the transformation of education system during pandemic situation of COVID 19 in India .COVID 19 is an infectious disease caused by corona virus .The first case of COVID 19 in India was reported on 30th January 2020,originating from china .the virus not only affected the human life ,economy and other living factors but also disturbed education system. for purpose of social distancing and human safetly various strong decisions are taken by government of India was announced on 24th march midnight by prime minister Narendra Modi which was of 21 days .On 14th April the prime minister extended lockdown up to 3 May ,the rising in corona virus cases the lockdown again extended till 17th may and there are chances of extension depending upon cases. The extension of lockdown and closures of school, colleges affected the education learning, classes ,economy as well as the academic year of 2020. Shreyal Darole "Education System during Pandemic Situation of COVID-19 in India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31030.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/31030/education-system-during-pandemic-situation-of-covid19-in-india/shreyal-darole
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
The Implementation of E-learning System Governance to Deal with User Need, In...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this digital era, it has been proven that the proper of e-learning system implementation provides
various advantages and huge benefits. But to achieve the proper implementation is not an easy way since
there are many obstacles have to be addressed. Beside the benefits and advantages, such as the other IT
based system, e-learning also bring many risks that come from its environment or embedded in. Although
many methods or approaches proposed to tackle those obstacles and risks, but the study that tackle those
problems from IT Governance view is still limited. The study presents the report of the IT Governance
approach to address some of the risks of eLearning system implementation such as: miss alignment with
the enterprise goal and strategies, uncomplianceness with the government regulation, and unmatched with
the stakeholder needs. The governance of eLearning system proposed has been implemented in the
private university situated in Jakarta, Indonesia for two semesters. Based on the general observation, the
University can get some benefits such as their succeed in maintaining its institution as the university that
comply with government regulatory.
THE USE OF CLOUD E-LEARNING PLATFORM TO ENHANCE EFFICIENCY OF HOSPITAL IN JOB...ijcsit
Hospital in order to host multimedia content, licenses and staff in-service education in learning, learning platform to promote construction of the clouds. In this study, quantitative research to explore the building through the clouds to enhance the learning platform with the hospital staff in the benefits of the correlation.
First, literature review to identify the factors that measure the effectiveness of e-learning. Second, using a questionnaire designed to identify factors that enhance the effectiveness of online learning platform and build the relationship between the cloud-learning platforms to identify design strategies. The again, using these factors to design cloud e-learning platform for hospital. Finally, the assessment review of the applicability of the cloud-learning platform.
A Framework to Achieve Quality and Excellence in Higher Education: A Literatu...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Educating large numbers of people to a high
standard and disseminating knowledge can be considered as
the main objectives of today’s higher education sector. An
effective framework for delivery mechanism by enhancing
the functional responsibility and its effective execution will
help the nation in achieving quality and excellence in higher
education. Present paper tries to explore framework for
achieving quality and excellence in higher education by
analysing the various functional aspect of higher educational
system in the country. After extensive literature survey and
analysing the research work of eminent researchers and
thinkers, it is concluded that higher education has become
larger and more central to society and individuals; hence,
there a need to develop framework including different
functional components for performance indicator and
measurement. It is suggested that various enhancement
function should be executed primarily in systems of high
trust, whereas the accountability function has to be
developed to prevent bad quality of institutions and
programs, and thus to protect the beneficiaries i.e. students
and society. Universities need to be consciously and
explicitly managing the processes associated with the
creation of their knowledge assets and to recognise the value
of their intellectual capital to their continuing role in society
and in a wider global marketplace for higher education.
The main aim to choose technical education is that it specializes the students as skilled labours and technically fit in the industries.
Source<> http://www.edubilla.com/articles/student-career-tips/the-importance-of-technical-education/
COVID 19: Analyzing the Impact on the Education SectorAlaina Carter
COVID-19 has caused an abrupt closure of learning institutions globally. The education center is facing various challenges during this pandemic, but thanks to the Digital transformation, things have been better because of it. Read more to know the impacts of COVID-19 on the education sector and how digital transformation can help.
Before the advent of the industrialization, Education was the privilege to the people of ancient times.
We have been witnessing the various forms of education like vedic, boards, technical education etc...
The Industry-University Interface:An Academic Administrator’s ViewJAX Chamber IT Council
Improving the Academic-Industry Interface. A presentation by Dean Mark A. Tumeo, PhD, JD, PE of UNF's College of Computing, Engineering and Construction, August 2013 to the JAX Chamber IT Council.
E-teaching is an innovative teaching strategy
using the e-learning technology to empower both learners and
teachers thus providing opportunities for superior learning
experiences. The study enhances the education practice of those
teachers handling different graduate programs specifically
those offered by Lyceum of the Philippines University -
Batangas. This study focused on assessing and analyzing the
different important factors pertaining to the readiness and
inclination of the teachers. This involves introduction of
e-teaching on the part of the teachers and e-learning on the part
of the graduate students to their respective programs of study.
The findings revealed that the graduate school teachers are
aware of their vital role in developing effective delivery of
instruction and their openness on the active participation in
conducting classes in an online learning environment. Also, the
university is ready to take the e-teaching program as a mode of
instruction for the Graduate School.
11 Challenges in Education Industry (With Solutions)Kavika Roy
Stats report that 65% of educators across the globe are looking for ways to make their lectures more engaging and employ modern digital solutions for teaching. The reason is the competition to leave a mark amongst the top players providing the best education services.
Furthermore, the EdTech software market is projected to register a (CAGR) of 19.9% from 2021 to 2028. Further, if the projections are realized, the revenues would show year-on-year growth of more than 200 million dollars.
While stats and the popularity of EdTech are painting an interesting picture, the ground reality is still in stark contrast. Educators across the globe are still stuck with the age-old syllabi, traditional evaluation methods, and effort-hogging paper generation routines that are loaded with redundancy.
https://prepai.in/blog/challenges-in-education-industry/
REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION & R...Abdul Waheed Jamali
Information Communication Technologies are constructed energetic deviations in civilization. They are manipulating all facets of life expectancy. The encouragements were fondled additional and more to institutes since ICTs deliver together pupils also tutors with more chance’s trendy adjust learning and teaching to discrete prerequisites society is coercing institutes to suitably respond to that technical modernization. According to Tunio (2002), ICTs reduce the absorption of knowledge, facilitate the acquirement, and offer under-developing countries unprecedented chances to instigate educational organisms. Also, ICTs improve strategy devising and implementation and broaden the assortment of chances for commercial and other arenas.
QUESTIONING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF TECHNOLOGIZING ALGERIAN SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSIT...IJITE
The present paper investigated major reasons behind the failure of an effective technologization of schools
and universities in Algeria. It also tackled the issue of teacher-student rapport in an era where the internet
has become a rival for teachers. This work questioned the factors contributing to the failure of a successful
integration of new technologies in Algerian classrooms. Field observations were required to collect data;
four primary schools (private and public, two middle schools), two secondary schools and four universities
were the fieldwork of this study. Also, as a case study, I lastly presented my personal experience in
technologizing my classes as a university teacher. The results showed that social, cultural, economic and
educational factors were behind the failure of a successful integration of ICTs in Algerian classrooms.
Moreover, I emphasized that the teacher-learner rapport is in jeopardy because of the chaotic and
ineffective penetration of new technological tools in the Algerian classroom.
thGAP - BAbyss in Moderno!! Transgenic Human Germline Alternatives ProjectMarc Dusseiller Dusjagr
thGAP - Transgenic Human Germline Alternatives Project, presents an evening of input lectures, discussions and a performative workshop on artistic interventions for future scenarios of human genetic and inheritable modifications.
To begin our lecturers, Marc Dusseiller aka "dusjagr" and Rodrigo Martin Iglesias, will give an overview of their transdisciplinary practices, including the history of hackteria, a global network for sharing knowledge to involve artists in hands-on and Do-It-With-Others (DIWO) working with the lifesciences, and reflections on future scenarios from the 8-bit computer games of the 80ies to current real-world endeavous of genetically modifiying the human species.
We will then follow up with discussions and hands-on experiments on working with embryos, ovums, gametes, genetic materials from code to slime, in a creative and playful workshop setup, where all paticipant can collaborate on artistic interventions into the germline of a post-human future.
2137ad Merindol Colony Interiors where refugee try to build a seemengly norm...luforfor
This are the interiors of the Merindol Colony in 2137ad after the Climate Change Collapse and the Apocalipse Wars. Merindol is a small Colony in the Italian Alps where there are around 4000 humans. The Colony values mainly around meritocracy and selection by effort.
The Legacy of Breton In A New Age by Master Terrance LindallBBaez1
Brave Destiny 2003 for the Future for Technocratic Surrealmageddon Destiny for Andre Breton Legacy in Agenda 21 Technocratic Great Reset for Prison Planet Earth Galactica! The Prophecy of the Surreal Blasphemous Desires from the Paradise Lost Governments!
2137ad - Characters that live in Merindol and are at the center of main storiesluforfor
Kurgan is a russian expatriate that is secretly in love with Sonia Contado. Henry is a british soldier that took refuge in Merindol Colony in 2137ad. He is the lover of Sonia Contado.
The perfect Sundabet Slot mudah menang Promo new member Animated PDF for your conversation. Discover and Share the best GIFs on Tenor
Admin Ramah Cantik Aktif 24 Jam Nonstop siap melayani pemain member Sundabet login via apk sundabet rtp daftar slot gacor daftar
1. KENYATTA UNIVESITY
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT: EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT POLICY AN CURRICULUM STUDIES
UNIT NAME: CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
UNIT CODE: EMP 201
NAME: RHODA. S. DAVID
REG. NO: E35S/13822/2013
TASK: WHAT ARE THE CHALLENGES THAT ARE FACED BY SCHOOLS IN
TEACHING OF TECHNICAL SUBJECTS IN KENYA AND SUGGEST WAYS OF
ADDRESING THE CHALLENGES.
LECTURER: DR. ANTHONY MUNGAI
DATE: 13TH OCTOBER 2014
SIGN:
.
2. INTRODUCTION
Throughout the country there are a number of school age children who are not in school,
although 2015 has been a target for Kenya specified for millennium development goals (MDG’s)
and education for all. The limited economic and organizational resources constrain their ability
to build and expand the education system yet the need and demand for formal education in pre-
colonial Africa continues to grow.
This has made the ministry of education to put in place some of technical subjects in school
curriculum to empower the learners .However technical subjects are subjects that equip learners
with practical and mechanical art /skills rather alone the theoretical or abstract thinking alone.
This helps learners to build an interest in certain field and specialize in it. Some of examples of
these technical subjects include: computer studies, business studies, home science, agriculture,
woodwork, metalwork.
Despite of all these efforts by ministry of education and the Kenya institute of curriculum
development to enforce teaching of technical subjects in schools ,the schools are faced with a lot
of challenges as follows;
For instance Kenya has a limited no of technical training institutes in this case this has become a
barrier and difficulty in career progression. It fosters negative public attitude and perception
towards technical and vocational education in Kenya. In most cases these few training institutes
do not even give room to all the people who are interested in technical training and therefore
they end up progressing in other careers rather than what they could fit in comfortably.
However in case of information communication technology there is a major challenges in
accessing of IT facilities, for example in most schools the ratio of one computer is to twenty
3. students, just because they cannot for this accommodate this large number of students who want
to quench their thirsty for education in information technology. This indicates that education
sector has lagged behind in IT; thou other sector such as marketing, transport and medical sectors
have fully embraced it. This is as a result of education sector considering computers to be
expensive and a luxury making it difficult to access them.
Another challenge that faces teaching of technical courses is lack of internet and slow
connectivity. Most schools are unable to connect to World Wide Web, due to high cost involved
in installing the connectivity. This forces the teachers and learners to go into details in theory
work more than practical work. The learners therefore end up lacking some of the important
aspects that should be learn at the beginning and the baseline for studying computer.
Burglar. The equipments necessary in study of home science, business/studies, agriculture,
computer metalwork and woodwork such as sewing machines, refrigerators, machetes and some
of computer parts have become a target for thieves who usually have ready markets to another
party at a less figure than it’s supposed to. The thieves are not only outsiders but also the
students, teachers and other non teaching staffs. Due to this the school administrators have the
fear of offering these subjects since they will keep on replacing the stolen items which might be
too expensive if the problem is a continuous one.
In addition, this has made many schools to incur an extra expense in trying to burglar proof the
laboratories, more so the computer and home science laboratories. This forces the school heads
to shy away from replacing computers and other oriental equipments for their students.
Breakdown of machines and computers, thou a number of schools have benefited from
computers either by buying for themselves or from donors they have not yet being equipped with
4. repair and maintenance skills. In most schools there are so many broken down computers in
computer labs ,this inhibits the access of necessary materials or machines because of shortage
faced as a result of broken down computers, hence the learners become demotivated to continue
taking the subjects.
Moreover the issue of limited or inadequate time crops in, for example in most secondary
schools a single lesson is scheduled for about forty minutes and eighty minutes for a double
lesson. This becomes a big barrier because the students are not given enough time to interact
with their teachers and fellow students during a certain lesson. Plus there is too much rushing of
teachers to cover the syllabus in good time yet they do need more attention
just like in mathematics and science oriented subjects and more practical and field work to
develop manipulative skills.
Teaching of computer studies helps the students to be more knowledgeable about the emerging
issues in the society’ although it has lead to increased moral degradation among our students
This will negatively affect the coming generations because internet encourages pornography,
cyber bulling and other anti-social behaviors, because the teacher will not be with the students all
through to monitor on what to do and not to. That’s why there is so much immorality among the
youths and hacking.
In case of business studies and woodwork there is mismatch between the acquired skills and the
market needs. Most teachers use out dated syllabus which the learners do not get to benefit fully
from them as its required as in case of venturing in entrepreneurship. Therefore this discourages
them and at times they end in giving up. Sometimes the market needs are too high and it
5. becomes a challenge to the entrepreneurs since they cannot meet the market needs due to
unessential skills that they acquire from classroom bases.
Although teaching of these technical subjects in Kenya faces certain challenges, these challenges
can still be addressed in different ways. In so doing the students and school heads will be
encouraged to take part in partnership with the government in embracing them completely in the
school curriculum with no fear at all.
Both the government and non- governmental organizations should take up the challenge and
build up more technical training institutes. As a result they will encourage the teachers or
mentors to attend them and be equipped with necessary and essential skills, knowledge and
attitudes corresponding to the subjects offered. In so doing the education sector will be at the
fore front in offering quality education which will make the learners useful to the society. This
should not only be built but also equipped with the required facilities so as to promote social
economic equality and responsibility among the people and their environment.
However the students should be equipped with the essential skills that match with the market
needs. The skills acquired should be able to meet the needs in the market. For example the skills
needed in the field of economics, finance and sales and marketing should be taught separately as
economic skills, finance skills and sales and marketing skills instead of economic and finance,
sales and marketing skills. The essence being the entrepreneur will need to have presentation
skills according to the kind of sector one is venturing in.
The school administrators should be advised to create more time in teaching of technical
subjects. At least this will enable the teacher to monitor and reach the learners’ needs and
correspond to their ability in a special way and comprehend their capability. Also more time
6. created will help the learner to do more practical work rather than just the mere theory which
makes no sense if the learner does not get to do the real practical work either in laboratories or
field and project work.
The most important thing is to sensitize the learners the essence of learning technical subjects.
This will enlighten them and see them in a positive direction. They will no longer perceive the as
old fashioned/dated subjects. In respect to this they will stop eyeing the color jobs as a result of
science and mathematics oriented subjects and venture in informal sectors such as jua kali under
the umbrella of metal works, woodworks, business, agriculture and home science.
In case of a school environment, it’s the obligation of a teacher to regulate the kind of
information the learner’s access through the internet so as to curb the cropping immorality. Since
the world has become a global village caretakers should also take Part in enlightening their
children on the effects of pornography, cyber bulling and other anti-social behaviors’. This will
bring about peaceful co-existence among the people in the society and maintain good morals.
Learning institutions should have staff equipped with repair and maintenance skills in case of
any breakdown. In a computer lab, the room should be burglar proof to curb stealing and other
expenses that may occur. Computer labs, woodwork labs and other metal work labs should have
fire alarms which will alert either the students or teachers in case of any danger. In addition to
this, computer lab rules and regulations should be followed to the letter excluding no one.
The school administration should be enlightened for them to incorporate business studies,
agriculture, metal works, woodwork, and computer learning hence stop viewing them as
expensive courses. This will aid in wiping away the fear. In spite of the fear the facilities should
also be offered or hired at a cheaper price so as to make them easily accessible to school
7. institution if not so government and nongovernmental organizations have a role to play by
donating such facilities to relevant learning institutions in order to share the cost.
In conclusion, teaching of technical subject in Kenyan schools has stimulated development of
essential skills such as critical thinking and direct observation skills through writing and reading
skills. They help the learners to enter into a variety of careers which end up improving their
living standards; for example the informal sector such as jua kali have developed as a result of
these knowledge and skills acquired despite of the challenges faced.