Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Toys to Tools: Connecting Student Cell Phones to Education
Liz Kolb
http://joaojosefonseca1.blogspot.com/
Joao Jose Saraiva da Fonseca
Educacao a distancia
THE USE OF CLOUD E-LEARNING PLATFORM TO ENHANCE EFFICIENCY OF HOSPITAL IN JOB...ijcsit
Hospital in order to host multimedia content, licenses and staff in-service education in learning, learning platform to promote construction of the clouds. In this study, quantitative research to explore the building through the clouds to enhance the learning platform with the hospital staff in the benefits of the correlation.
First, literature review to identify the factors that measure the effectiveness of e-learning. Second, using a questionnaire designed to identify factors that enhance the effectiveness of online learning platform and build the relationship between the cloud-learning platforms to identify design strategies. The again, using these factors to design cloud e-learning platform for hospital. Finally, the assessment review of the applicability of the cloud-learning platform.
Read more about Technology in Delivering Inclusive Teaching and Learning
Benefits and limitations of technologies used in areas of specialism
Using technologies to enhance teaching and meet individual needs
You can also read more about it on -- https://eln.co.uk/blog/promoting-ict-skills-classrooms
Toys to Tools: Connecting Student Cell Phones to Education
Liz Kolb
http://joaojosefonseca1.blogspot.com/
Joao Jose Saraiva da Fonseca
Educacao a distancia
THE USE OF CLOUD E-LEARNING PLATFORM TO ENHANCE EFFICIENCY OF HOSPITAL IN JOB...ijcsit
Hospital in order to host multimedia content, licenses and staff in-service education in learning, learning platform to promote construction of the clouds. In this study, quantitative research to explore the building through the clouds to enhance the learning platform with the hospital staff in the benefits of the correlation.
First, literature review to identify the factors that measure the effectiveness of e-learning. Second, using a questionnaire designed to identify factors that enhance the effectiveness of online learning platform and build the relationship between the cloud-learning platforms to identify design strategies. The again, using these factors to design cloud e-learning platform for hospital. Finally, the assessment review of the applicability of the cloud-learning platform.
Read more about Technology in Delivering Inclusive Teaching and Learning
Benefits and limitations of technologies used in areas of specialism
Using technologies to enhance teaching and meet individual needs
You can also read more about it on -- https://eln.co.uk/blog/promoting-ict-skills-classrooms
To Analyze the Potential of e-Learning in Indian Education System
e-Learning is defined as acquisition of knowledge and skill using electronic technologies such as computer, Internet, local and wide area networks.
e-Learning may also be referred as the use of Information and Communication Technology to deliver learning and training programs to enhance and support the tertiary education.
For more details please visit
www.iicecollege.com
An overview of the Primary Computing Curriculum. In this document I looked at each strand in depth and provided activity ideas, resources and useful links to support teachers.
International Conference on Educational Innovation
Jointly organised by UNESCO and UM malaysia
at Legend Hotel , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Date: 6 to 8th May 2008
QUESTIONING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF TECHNOLOGIZING ALGERIAN SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSIT...IJITE
The present paper investigated major reasons behind the failure of an effective technologization of schools
and universities in Algeria. It also tackled the issue of teacher-student rapport in an era where the internet
has become a rival for teachers. This work questioned the factors contributing to the failure of a successful
integration of new technologies in Algerian classrooms. Field observations were required to collect data;
four primary schools (private and public, two middle schools), two secondary schools and four universities
were the fieldwork of this study. Also, as a case study, I lastly presented my personal experience in
technologizing my classes as a university teacher. The results showed that social, cultural, economic and
educational factors were behind the failure of a successful integration of ICTs in Algerian classrooms.
Moreover, I emphasized that the teacher-learner rapport is in jeopardy because of the chaotic and
ineffective penetration of new technological tools in the Algerian classroom.
Indian Science Techno Festival ISTF-2021 (Virtual) organized by Raman Science & Technology Foundation, National Council of Teacher Scientist, India and APJ Abdul Kalam National Council of Young Scientist on 26-28 Feb 2021
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
To Analyze the Potential of e-Learning in Indian Education System
e-Learning is defined as acquisition of knowledge and skill using electronic technologies such as computer, Internet, local and wide area networks.
e-Learning may also be referred as the use of Information and Communication Technology to deliver learning and training programs to enhance and support the tertiary education.
For more details please visit
www.iicecollege.com
An overview of the Primary Computing Curriculum. In this document I looked at each strand in depth and provided activity ideas, resources and useful links to support teachers.
International Conference on Educational Innovation
Jointly organised by UNESCO and UM malaysia
at Legend Hotel , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Date: 6 to 8th May 2008
QUESTIONING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF TECHNOLOGIZING ALGERIAN SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSIT...IJITE
The present paper investigated major reasons behind the failure of an effective technologization of schools
and universities in Algeria. It also tackled the issue of teacher-student rapport in an era where the internet
has become a rival for teachers. This work questioned the factors contributing to the failure of a successful
integration of new technologies in Algerian classrooms. Field observations were required to collect data;
four primary schools (private and public, two middle schools), two secondary schools and four universities
were the fieldwork of this study. Also, as a case study, I lastly presented my personal experience in
technologizing my classes as a university teacher. The results showed that social, cultural, economic and
educational factors were behind the failure of a successful integration of ICTs in Algerian classrooms.
Moreover, I emphasized that the teacher-learner rapport is in jeopardy because of the chaotic and
ineffective penetration of new technological tools in the Algerian classroom.
Indian Science Techno Festival ISTF-2021 (Virtual) organized by Raman Science & Technology Foundation, National Council of Teacher Scientist, India and APJ Abdul Kalam National Council of Young Scientist on 26-28 Feb 2021
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Optimal Control of a Teleoperation System via LMI- based Robust PID Controllersidescitation
ince the performance of the teleoperation systems
can be considerably degraded by time-delay of communication
channels and uncertainty in various parts of such systems,
the main objectives of the controller design in loads of different
structures of the bilateral teleoperation system are to preserve
stability and tracking performance of these systems in spite
of aforementioned sources of uncertainty. In this paper, a
new robust PID controller will be designed based on H” control
theory by using the Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) approach.
Therefore, the problem of a Robust PID controller design can
be regarded as a special case of the output-feedback controller
via employing some sorts of changes in control and system
parameters. To show the effectiveness of the proposed
controller, the robust PID controller is compared with the
multiobjective H2/H ” one. The main feature of the suggested
structure is its ability to control the teleoperation system via
using the simplest structure in which two signals will be
transmitted to control the teleoperation system. In addition,
use of PID controller has more practical applications in
industrial units, due to its simplicity in implementation and
capability to predict the time responses caused by changes in
control parameters.
This paper presents the design and performance comparison of a two stage
operational amplifier topology using CMOS and BiCMOS technology. This conventional op
amp circuit was designed by using RF model of BSIM3V3 in 0.6 μm CMOS technology and
0.35 μm BiCMOS technology. Both the op amp circuits were designed and simulated,
analyzed and performance parameters are compared. The performance parameters such as
gain, phase margin, CMRR, PSRR, power consumption etc achieved are compared. Finally,
we conclude the suitability of CMOS technology over BiCMOS technology for low power
RF design.
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been widely used in various applications.
In these networks nodes collect data from the attached sensors and send their data to a base
station. However, nodes in WSN have limited power supply in form of battery so the nodes
are expected to minimize energy consumption in order to maximize the lifetime of WSN. A
number of techniques have been proposed in the literature to reduce the energy
consumption significantly. In this paper, we propose a new clustering based technique
which is a modification of the popular LEACH algorithm. In this technique, first cluster
heads are elected using the improved LEACH algorithm as usual, and then a cluster of
nodes is formed based on the distance between node and cluster head. Finally, data from
node is transferred to cluster head. Cluster heads forward data, after applying aggregation,
to the cluster head that is closer to it than sink in forward direction or directly to the sink.
This reduction in distance travelled improves the performance over LEACH algorithm
significantly.
The next generation wireless networks comprises of mobile users moving
between heterogeneous networks, using terminals with multiple access interfaces and
services. The most important issue in such environment is ABC (Always Best Connected) i.e.
allowing the best connectivity to applications anywhere at any time. For always best
connectivity requirement various vertical handover strategies for decision making have
been proposed. This paper provides an overview of the most interesting and recent
strategies.
Now-a-days, Internet has become an important part of human’s life, a person
can shop, invest, and perform all the banking task online. Almost, all the organizations have
their own website, where customer can perform all the task like shopping, they only have to
provide their credit card details. Online banking and e-commerce organizations have been
experiencing the increase in credit card transaction and other modes of on-line transaction.
Due to this credit card fraud becomes a very popular issue for credit card industry, it causes
many financial losses for customer and also for the organization. Many techniques like
Decision Tree, Neural Networks, Genetic Algorithm based on modern techniques like
Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Fuzzy Logic have been already developed for
credit card fraud detection. In this paper, an evolutionary Simulated Annealing algorithm is
used to train the Neural Networks for Credit Card fraud detection in real-time scenario.
This paper shows how this technique can be used for credit card fraud detection and
present all the detailed experimental results found when using this technique on real world
financial data (data are taken from UCI repository) to show the effectiveness of this
technique. The algorithm used in this paper are likely beneficial for the organizations and
for individual users in terms of cost and time efficiency. Still there are many cases which are
misclassified i.e. A genuine customer is classified as fraud customer or vise-versa.
COMPARING THE CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTING WEB-BASED AND TRADITIONAL TEACHING S...adeij1
Web-based teaching systems have several advantages and have the potential to benefit education greatly. It
is significant to carefully consider learners' and instructors' specific needs and circumstances when
deciding whether to use these systems. Using web-based and traditional teaching methods may be
appropriate to provide a well-rounded educational experience. It may be appropriate to use a combination
of web-based and traditional teaching methods to provide a well-rounded educational experience. Webbased teaching systems have the potential to greatly benefit education in developing countries by
increasing access to quality education and reducing the cost of delivering education. However, there are
also several challenges to implementing these systems in developing countries, such as limited
infrastructure and resources, limited access to technology, and low digital literacy. The purpose of this
review article is to analyse and contrast the efficacy of web-based teaching systems with traditional
teaching systems, assess their respective advantages and disadvantages, identify the factors that influence
their effectiveness, and conclude that web-based teaching systems offer certain benefits over traditional
teaching systems, including greater flexibility, convenience, and the capacity to deliver multimedia content.
However, traditional teaching systems also have advantages, such as the ability to provide face-to-face
interaction and immediate feedback. This review paper examines the factors that impact the efficacy of
both systems, such as the system's design, the quality of the educational materials, and the proficiency of
the instructor. Both systems have their strengths and weaknesses, and the best approach depends on the
specific needs and circumstances of the learner and the instructor
Comparing the Challenges of Implementing Web-Based and Traditional Teaching S...adeij1
Web-based teaching systems have several advantages and have the potential to benefit education greatly. It is significant to carefully consider learners' and instructors' specific needs and circumstances when deciding whether to use these systems. Using web-based and traditional teaching methods may be appropriate to provide a well-rounded educational experience. It may be appropriate to use a combination of web-based and traditional teaching methods to provide a well-rounded educational experience. Webbased teaching systems have the potential to greatly benefit education in developing countries by increasing access to quality education and reducing the cost of delivering education. However, there are also several challenges to implementing these systems in developing countries, such as limited infrastructure and resources, limited access to technology, and low digital literacy. The purpose of this review article is to analyse and contrast the efficacy of web-based teaching systems with traditional teaching systems, assess their respective advantages and disadvantages, identify the factors that influence their effectiveness, and conclude that web-based teaching systems offer certain benefits over traditional teaching systems, including greater flexibility, convenience, and the capacity to deliver multimedia content. However, traditional teaching systems also have advantages, such as the ability to provide face-to-face interaction and immediate feedback. This review paper examines the factors that impact the efficacy of both systems, such as the system's design, the quality of the educational materials, and the proficiency of the instructor. Both systems have their strengths and weaknesses, and the best approach depends on the specific needs and circumstances of the learner and the instructor.
E-teaching is an innovative teaching strategy
using the e-learning technology to empower both learners and
teachers thus providing opportunities for superior learning
experiences. The study enhances the education practice of those
teachers handling different graduate programs specifically
those offered by Lyceum of the Philippines University -
Batangas. This study focused on assessing and analyzing the
different important factors pertaining to the readiness and
inclination of the teachers. This involves introduction of
e-teaching on the part of the teachers and e-learning on the part
of the graduate students to their respective programs of study.
The findings revealed that the graduate school teachers are
aware of their vital role in developing effective delivery of
instruction and their openness on the active participation in
conducting classes in an online learning environment. Also, the
university is ready to take the e-teaching program as a mode of
instruction for the Graduate School.
A Survey on E-Learning System with Data MiningIIRindia
E-learning process has been widely used in university campus and educational institutions are playing vital role to enhance the skill set of students. Modern E-learning done by many electronic devices, such as smartphones, Tabs, and so on, on existing E-learning tools is insufficient to achieve the purpose of online training of education. This paper presents a survey of online e-Learning authoring tools for creating and integrating reusable e-learning tool for generation and enhancing existing learning resources with them. The work concentrates on evaluation of the existing e-learning tools a, and authoring tools that have shown good performance in the past for online learners. This survey work takes more than 20 online tools that deal with the educational sector mechanism, for the purpose of observations, and the outcome were analyzed. The findings of this paper are the main reason for developing a new tool, and it shows that educators can enhance existing learning resources by adding assessment resources, if suitable authoring tools are provided. Finally, the different factors that assure the reusability of the created new e-learning tool has been analysed in this paper.E-learning environment is a guide for both students and tutorial management system. The useful on the e-learning system for apart from students and distance learning students. The purpose of using e-learning environment for online education system, developed in data mining for more number of clustering servers and resource chain has been good.
Customized moodle-based learning management system for socially disadvantaged...journalBEEI
This study aims to develop Moodle-based LMS with customized learning content and modified user interface to facilitate pedagogical processes during covid-19 pandemic and investigate how teachers of socially disadvantaged schools perceived usability and technology acceptance. Co-design process was conducted with two activities: 1) need assessment phase using an online survey and interview session with the teachers and 2) the development phase of the LMS. The system was evaluated by 30 teachers from socially disadvantaged schools for relevance to their distance learning activities. We employed computer software usability questionnaire (CSUQ) to measure perceived usability and the technology acceptance model (TAM) with insertion of 3 original variables (i.e., perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention to use) and 5 external variables (i.e., attitude toward the system, perceived interaction, self-efficacy, user interface design, and course design). The average CSUQ rating exceeded 5.0 of 7 point-scale, indicated that teachers agreed that the information quality, interaction quality, and user interface quality were clear and easy to understand. TAM results concluded that the LMS design was judged to be usable, interactive, and well-developed. Teachers reported an effective user interface that allows effective teaching operations and lead to the system adoption in immediate time.
The presentation shares the advantages of educational technology today. It enumerates the top 9 educational technology that one can use this new normal.
Experimental Investigation of a Household Refrigerator Using Evaporative-Cool...inventy
The objective of this paper was to investigate experimentally the effect of Evaporative-cooled condenser in a household refrigerator. The experiment was done using HCF134a as the refrigerant. The performance of the household refrigerator with air-cooled and Evaporative-cooled condenser was compared for different load conditions. The results indicate that the refrigerator performance had improved when evaporative-cooled condenser was used instead of air-cooled condenser on all load conditions. Evaporativecooled condenser reduced the energy consumption when compared with the air-cooled condenser. There was also an enhancement in coefficient of performance (COP) when evaporative-cooled condenser was used instead of air-cooled condenser. The Evaporative cooled heat exchanger was designed and the system was modified by retrofitting it, instead of the conventional air-cooled condenser by making drop wise condensation using water and forced circulation over the condenser. From the experimental analysis it is observed that the COP of evaporative cooled system increased by 13.44% compared to that of air cooled system. So the overall efficiency and refrigerating effect is increased. In minimum constructional, maintenance and running cost, the system is much useful for domestic purpose. This study also revealed that combining a evaporative cooled system along with conventional water cooled system under the condition that the defrost water obtained from the freezer is used for drop wise condensation over condenser and water cooled condensation of the condenser at the bottom using remaining defrost water would reduce the power consumption, work done and hence further increase in refrigerating effect of the system. The study has shown that such a system is technically feasible and economically viable
Copper Strip Corrossion Test in Various Aviation Fuelsinventy
This research work takes in to account of corrosiveness test on various aviation fuels in the state of Telengana (India). The purpose of this experiment is to determine the corrosiveness test of fuels. This determination will be accomplished by using copper strip corrosion test by using the copper strip experiment we can determine the corrosive property of the fuel and hence the efficiency of fuel. The research covers the importance of knowing the corrosive property of different petroleum fuels including aviation turbine fuel.
Additional Conservation Laws for Two-Velocity Hydrodynamics Equations with th...inventy
A series of the differential identities connecting velocities, pressure and body force in the twovelocity hydrodynamics equations with equilibrium of pressure phases in reversible hydrodynamic approximation is obtaned.
Comparative Study of the Quality of Life, Quality of Work Life and Organisati...inventy
People’s lives are increasingly centred on work; they spend at least one-third of their time within the organisations that employ them. Investigating the factors that interfere with employees’ well-being and the organisational environment is becoming an increasing concern in organisations. This article identifies the criteria of the quality of life (QoL), quality of working life (QWL) and organisational climate instruments to point out their similarities. For bibliographic construction and data research, articles were sought in national and international journals, books and dissertations/articles in SciELO, Science Direct, Medline and Pub Med databases. The results show direct relationships amongst QoL, QWL and organisational climate instruments. The relationship between QoL and QWL instruments is based on fair compensation, social interaction, organisational communication, working conditions and functional capacity. QWL and organisational climate instruments are related through social interaction and interfaces. QoL and organisational climate instruments are related based on social interaction, organisational communication, and work conditions.
A Study of Automated Decision Making Systemsinventy
The decision making process of many operations are dependent on analysing very large data sets, previous decisions and their results. The information generated from the large data sets are used as an input for making decisions. Since the decisions to be taken in day to day operations are expanding, the time taken for manual decision making is also expanding. In order to reduce the time, cost and to increase the efficiency and accuracy, which are the most important things for customer satisfaction, many organisations are adopting the automated decision making systems. This paper is about the technologies used for automated decision making systems and the areas in which automated decisions systems works more efficiently and accurately.
Crystallization of L-Glutamic Acid: Mechanism of Heterogeneous β -Form Nuclea...inventy
The mechanism of heterogeneous nucleation of β-form L-glutamic acid was deeply investigated in cooling crystallization. The present study found that the β-form crystals were epitaxially grown on the α-form crystals and they were preferably crystallized on the (011) and (001) surfaces instead of the (111) surfaces of α- form crystals. This result was explained via the molecular simulation. The molecular simulation indicated that the different surfaces of α-form crystals provided different functional groups, resulting in different sites for the heterogeneous nucleation of β-form crystals. Here, the functional group were COO- , C=O and O-H on the (011) and (001) surfaces of α-form crystals, respectively, while it was the NH3 + on the (111) surfaces of α-form crystals. As such, the degree of lattice matching (E) between the β-form crystals and the various surfaces of α- form crystal was distinguished, where the degree of lattice matching (E) between the β-form crystals and the (011), (001) and (111) surfaces of α-form crystal were estimated as 5.30, 5.25 and 2.39, respectively, implying that the (011) and (001) surfaces of α-form crystal were more favorable to generate the heterogeneous nucleation of β-form crystals than the (111) surfaces of α-form crystal
Evaluation of Damage by the Reliability of the Traction Test on Polymer Test ...inventy
In recent decades, polymers have undergone a remarkable historical development and their use has been greatly imposed by gradually dethroning most of the secular materials. These polymer materials have always distinguished themselves by their simple shaping and inexpensive price, their versatility, lightness, and chemical stability but despite their massive use in everyday life as well as in advanced technologies. Generally, these materials still not understood which requires a thorough knowledge of their chemical, physical, rheological and mechanical properties. This paper, we study the mechanical behavior of an amorphous polymer: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene “ABS” by means of uniaxial tensile testing on pierced test pieces with different notch lengths ranging between 1 to 14mm.The proposed approach consists in analyzing the evolution of the global geometry of the obtained strain curves by taking into account the zones and characteristic points of these curves as well as the effect of the damage on the mechanical behavior of the polymer ABS, in order to visualize the evolution of the damage by a static model
Application of Kennelly’model of Running Performances to Elite Endurance Runn...inventy
: The model of Kennelly between distance (Dlim) and exhaustion time (tlim) has been applied to the individual performances of 19 elite endurance runners (World-record holders and Olympic winners) from P. Nurmi (1920-1924) to M. Farah (2012) whose individual best performances on several different distances are known. Kennelly’s model (Dlim = k tlim ) can describe the individual performances of elite runners with a high accuracy (errors lower than 2 %). There is a linear relationship between parameters k and exponents of the elite runners and the extreme values correspond to S. Coe (k = 15.8; = 0.851) and E. Zatopek (k = 6.57; = 0.984). Exponent can be considered as a dimensionless index of aerobic endurance which is close to 1 in the best endurance runners. If it is assumed than maximal aerobic speed can be maintained 7 min in elite endurance runners, exponent is equal to the normalized critical speed (critical speed/maximal aerobic speed) computed from exhaustion times equal to 3 and 12.5 min in these runners.
Development and Application of a Failure Monitoring System by Using the Vibra...inventy
In this project, a failure monitoring system is developed by using the vibration and location information of balises in railway signaling. A lot of field equipment in railway are loosening and broken in time period so that they need maintenance due to the vibrations that occur due to high speed trains traffic and railway vehicles impact. Among the field equipment, balises have very important role of communication in terms of transmitting information to trains. In this scope, it is aimed to make maintenance works more efficient, have no delayed trains, detect previously failure location and intervene in failure timely, by detecting and controlling balise cases such as loosening, out of place and the data consistency error that happens because of balise physical state. In this project, the communication is provided with I2C, Modbus RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) and RS485 standards by using Arduino Uno cards and MPU6050 IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensors in laboratory. Each used sensors are in slave mode and computer interface designed with C# is in master mode. Fault situations in the system are checked instant by the interface. (it is assumed to mount the IMU sensor and the Arduino circuit on the balise) it is seen that the interface responds to the sensor movements instant and the system works well in the end of test processes.
The Management of Protected Areas in Serengeti Ecosystem: A Case Study of Iko...inventy
The study assessed the management of protected areas in Serengeti ecosystem using the case of IGGRs. Specifically, the study aimed at identifying the strategies used for natural resources management; examining the impacts of those strategies; examining the hindrances of the identified strategies; and lastly, examining the methods for scaling up the performance of strategies used for natural resources in the study area. The study involved two villages among 31 villages bordering IGGRs where in each village; at least 5% of the households were sampled. Both Primary data and secondary data were collected and analyzed both manually and computer by using SPSS software. The study revealed that, study population ranked IGGRs performance on protection of natural resources, especially on conserving wildlife for future generation and in reducing poaching to be good(53.3%). In addition, the relationship with IGGRs was said to be considerable good (46.7%). In the aspect of reducing poaching, the findings show that poaching has been reduced by 96.2% from 2009 to 2012. Furthermore, 81.4% of respondents said they use different strategies to control loss of natural resources which in turn has considerably improved the relationship between protected areas and the surrounding communities in some of the aspects. Despite of above successes, the study findings has revealed a number of challenges that hinders the full attainment of conservation objectives. Among the challenges are loss of life and properties (86.4%), shortage of water for livestock (68.9%) since water sources such as Grumeti and Rubana rivers are within protected area while the adjacent local communities do not have a free access to those water sources. Other challenges especially on the IGGRs management include insufficient fund base, working facilities and inadequate staffs. Based on the above findings, the study concluded that the strategies used for natural resources management of protected areas in Serengeti ecosystem is fairly sustainable and need functional participatory approaches of local people and other stakeholders in order to bring about a collaborative natural resources management network in the ecosystem. Furthermore, based on the findings above, equity in benefit sharing accrued from natural resource management in protected areas, more financial support to IGGRs and local community, the use of non-lethal deterrents for crop protection, integration of croplivestock production systems, adoption of land use plans as a solution to land conflicts, strengthens of community based conservation (CBC), adoption of modern information technology such as geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing are recommended.
Size distribution and biometric relationships of little tunny Euthynnus allet...inventy
This study is taken from data of commercial fishing of the little tunny, Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque, 1810) caught in the Algerian coast, sampled between november 2011 and april 2016. Data were collected in order to determine size distributions of the population and biometric relationships of species including the size - weight relationships. A total of 601 fish ranged from 30.9 and 103 cm fork length (FL) were observed. The size distribution of Euthynnus alletteratus shows multiple modal values witch the most important cohort corresponds to the age class 2 (42-46 cm). The value of the allometric coefficient (b) of the FL/TW relationship is lower than 3, indicating a negative allometric growth.
Removal of Chromium (VI) From Aqueous Solutions Using Discarded Solanum Tuber...inventy
Industrial polluting effluents containing heavy metals are of serious environmental concern in India. Chromium is frequently used in industries like electroplating, metal finishing, cooling towers, dyes, paints, anodizing and leather tanning and is found as traces in effluents finding their way to natural water bodies causing hazardous toxicity to the health of humans, animals and aquatic lives directly or indirectly. Many methods for the removal of Chromium such as chemical reduction, precipitation, ion exchange, electrochemical reduction, evaporation, reverse osmosis and adsorption using activated carbon etc. have been reported but all being expensive and complicated to operate. Experimental practices reveal that adsorption by agricultural and horticultural wastes are quite simple, inexpensive and efficient method. Agra is famous for Potato farming, a lot of discarded potato waste from cold storages is thrown along road side drains causing solid waste generated which either creates solid waste disposal problem or otherwise it finds way to Yamuna river resulting high BOD and posing a serious threat to the aquatic environment. For developing countries like India adsorption studies using discarded potato (Solanum tuberosum) waste from cold storages (DPWC) a solid waste as low cost adsorbent for Chromium removal was dual beneficial i.e., an ideal solution to these solid wastes disposal problem of Agra and removal of Chromium from tannery effluents and thereby saving aquatic life from Chromium contamination in Yamuna river. Keeping this in view batch experiments were designed to study the feasibility of discarded potato waste from cold storages to remove chromium (VI) from the aqueous solutions. During the study various affecting parameters, such as pH, adsorbent does, initial concentration, temperature, contact time, adsorbent grain size and start up agitation speed were optimized as 5.0, 10-20 g/l, 50 mg/l, 250C, 135 minutes, average size and 80 rpm respectively on chromium removal efficiency. Various Isotherms such as Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin also fitted suitably and various corresponding constants determined from these Isotherms favor and support the adsorption. Thermodynamic constants ∆G, ∆H and ∆S were found to be 0.267 KJ/mole, 0.288 KJ/mole and 0.0013 KJ/mole respectively.
Effect of Various External and Internal Factors on the Carrier Mobility in n-...inventy
The effect of various external (temperature, electric field, light) and intracrystalline (doping, initial resistivity) factors on the mobility of carriers in layered n-InSe semiconductor experimentally have been investigated. Scientific explanations of the results are proposed
Transient flow analysis for horizontal axial upper-wind turbineinventy
This study is to carry out a transient flow field analysis on the condition that the wind turbine is working to generate turbine, the wind turbine operating conditions change over time, Purpose of this study is try to find out the rule from the wind turbine changing over time . In transient analysis, the wind velocity on inlet boundary and rotation speed in the rotor field will change over time, and an analytical process is provided that can be used for future reference. At present, the wind turbine model is designed on the concept of upwind horizontal axis type. The computer engineering software GH Bladed is used to obtain the relationship between the rotor velocity and the wind turbine. Then the ANSYS engineering software is used to calculate the stress and strain distribution in the blades over time. From the analytical result, the relationship between the stress distribution in the blades and the rotor velocity is got to be used as a reference for future wind turbine structural optimization.
Choice of Numerical Integration Method for Wind Time History Analysis of Tall...inventy
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Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science
1. RESEARCH INVENTY: International Journal of Engineering and Science
ISSN: 2278-4721, Vol. 3 Issue 4(July 2012), PP 39-42
www.researchinventy.com
39
Challenges and Benefits of Implementing Tablets in Classroom
for e-Learning in a K-12 Education Environment – Case Study of
a School in United Arab Emirates
1
Syed Mubashir Ali
1
Department of Computing, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science & Technology, SZABIST, Dubai,
United Arab Emirates
ABSTRACT : In the recent past, there has been an increase in the trend to integrate technology into education
in an attempt to enhance and improve traditional teaching methodology. A great deal of research has already
been done to prove the usefulness of e-learning and m-learning in both secondary and higher education
environment. Several countries including but not limited to United States (US) and New Zealand (NZ) have
already implemented e-learning systems in K-12 educational institutions. Following the trend, countries in
Arabian Gulf including United Arab Emirates (UAE) are moving towards e-learning and m-learning as an
initiative to cope with the latest technology and pedagogy trends of the developed nations. The intention of this
study is to identify the challenges and issues in implementation of tablets for e-learning in a K-12 education
environment and explores the benefits resulting if this system is implemented successfully from UAE’s
perspective. For this study, several issues prevailing in a private school in UAE for the implementation of e-
learning using tablets have been identified and expected benefits after the successful implementation of the
system are being discussed through empirical evidence and discussion with the school’s administration, teachers
and information technology (IT) staff.
KEYWORDS : e-learning, k-12 education, m-learning, tablets in education, UAE Education
I. INTRODUCTION
The IT infrastructure has been experiencing exponential growth and will continue to grow in future. [1]
Smartphone and tablet PCs are in hands of children from early childhood. Nowadays, even a kid in grade 1 is
using computers and tablets. The vigorous growth in IT has made it promising and a necessity for learning to
transpire rapidly. [2] New and latest technologies are providing new ways for knowledge generation and to
develop, enhance and expand learning activities. [3] There has been an increasing trend to introduce e-learning
in educational institutions to provide students with access to online learning systems and teachers administered
course management systems in order to access learning materials and documents. The major reasons behind this
trend are the change in conditions of students’ demographics, delivery of education and the technology
innovation.[4] In fact, many educational institutes such as UAE university, has provided students with laptop
PCs and tablets and making it mandatory for them to use it to aid their study. [5] This study focuses on the
issues and challenges in implementing tablets for e-learning in a K-12 education environment and the expected
benefits as a result of successful implementation of the system from UAE’s perspective. This paper is divided
into 5 sections. Section 1 has given the introduction to this study. Section 2 will throw the light on the
definitions of e-learning in the literature. Section 3 will discuss about the challenges and issues in
implementation of e-learning using tablets. Section 4 will explore the benefits that are expected to be achieved
as the result of successful implementation of tablets for e-learning in a classroom environment. And finally the
conclusion part will summarize the findings of this study and concludes.
II. E-LEARNING
The term e-learning has been in use from a decade now and several definitions have been formulated to
refer to it. According to [6], e-learning is defined as “Learning facilitated by internet and www technologies,
delivered via end-user computing that creates connectivity between people and information and creates
opportunities for social learning approaches. Another definition given by [7] is, “Distance education using
internet and/or other information technologies”. For this study, the author concludes from various definitions
that e-learning is a model, resulting from the use of information and communication technology (ICT) to
enhance, improve and/or support traditional teaching methodology and practices.
2. Challenges And Benefits Of Implementing…
40
III. SCHOOL BACKGROUND
The American International School (AIS) Dubai, UAE is a private, independent educational institute
that serves students from Kindergarten to Grade 12. It meets global standard of education and follows both
American as well as UAE curriculum. It has been accredited by AdvancED (formally CITA) United States, as
well as Knowledge and Human Development Authority (KHDA), Government of Dubai, UAE. [8] Currently
AIS has student strength of more than 2000 students from more than 25 different nationalities. AIS have 96
classrooms, 50 administration and teachers’ rooms, 3 computer laboratories and 2 computerized examination
halls for online and web-based quizzes and exams. The school is having more than 450 client personal
computers (PC) throughout the school. AIS being heavily dependent on information technology (IT) has a
dedicated IT staff of 5 persons. In order to cope with the technological advancements and to enhance and
improve the standard and methodology of teaching, AIS decided to introduce tablet PCs in classrooms to all the
students from Grade 1 to Grade 12.
IV. CHALLENGES AND ISSUES
The author has been associated as a consultant for tablets implementation in classroom at American
International School, Dubai-UAE. The author had been involved in several meetings and discussions with the
stakeholders including teachers, IT staff, and top management including Director and vice principal of the
school for this project. Several challenges and issues were identified as a result of brainstorming, stakeholders’
views and empirical evidences. The issues and challenges identified were being classified into following
categories:
4.1 Social Issues
One of the most important challenge in implementing e-learning or use of technology for education is
that most if not all software / applications’ user interface (UI) are developed in English. Although majority
population of UAE locals speaks and understands English, still in AIS, there were teachers from several
nationalities from various Arab countries and many of them can only understand Arabic. Therefore teachers’
training to use the classroom management system in English needs to be done or to develop applications and
materials to be custom developed in Arabic in order for this project of implementing tablets in classroom for e-
learning a success.
4.2 Pedagogy Issues
Therefore one of the major issues was the mobile device management (MDM) of tablets within the
classroom. Usually MDM is being carried out and managed by IT staff, but in the case of school, they wanted to
give access to the teachers to manage students’ tablets in their classroom. Another issue was the class control, as
students with the tablets could be playing games, use social networking sites or just waste their precious
classroom time. In order to address these issues, the school had to go for a classroom management system
through which teachers can control students’ tablets and can make sure that they are not playing or wasting the
time during the class time.
4.3 Technological Issues
The main issue in implementing tablets for e-learning in a classroom environment is the
implementation of a reliable, sustainable and expandable wireless network infrastructure. The old infrastructure
of the school constituted only wired local area network (LAN). But in order to implement tablets in classrooms,
there was a need of a wireless LAN so as to get the actual benefit from this project. So the school had to hire a
dedicated team of technology professionals experienced in network design and implementation to setup wireless
LAN. Another challenge was to make compliance and governance policy for battery charging and maintenance
of tablets. Since students will be carrying their e-books in their tablets, the school had to make sure that all the
students get their tablets fully charged before entering into classroom because having no charge in tablets is the
same thing as if student had left his textbook at home.
V. BENEFITS OF IMPLEMENTING TABLETS
The aim of AIS to implement tablets in classroom was to implement this as a supporting system not to
replace the traditional teaching methodology. There are a number of benefits of using tablets for e-learning. The
expected benefits for which AIS planned to implement tablets in classroom for e-learning are as follows:
3. Challenges And Benefits Of Implementing…
41
5.1 E-Books
Most schools including AIS previously used to sue physical textbooks which are pricey. A number of
students cannot afford to buy the original books. Also regular text books are very heavy and carrying a bunch of
8 to 10 books plus copy books in a single bag makes it extremely difficult for the students to carry them to and
fro between classrooms, school and their home. If a student writes on physical book for referencing or taking
notes, it cannot be removed or modified. To resolve these problems, use of tablets allows students and teachers
to use e-books instead of regular books. It makes it really easy for students to carry 10 or maybe hundreds of
books with them without worrying about the heavy weight of the books in their tablets or USB flash drives
while in the classroom.
5.2 Environment Friendly
Physical books as well as the classroom worksheets that teacher distribute for several activities make
use of papers. A lot of paper is wasted which is harming our eco-environment. Also due to the concerns about
greener environment, there has been a great deal of implementation of green computing among educators.
Therefore implementing tablets helps in maintaining a greener environment with the use of e-books and e-
documents containing exercises and worksheets and students would be able to solve the sheets and email or send
the solved files back to their teachers saving a lot of time and paper which makes the use of tablets environment
friendly.
5.3 Efficient and Time Saving
Using tablets in classroom is more efficient. Teachers can pre-assign the work to students through
email or school web portal before even getting into class or a day before. Students can view the assignments and
class schedule in advance in order to prepare and complete the assigned work before hand making it more
efficient and time saving approach rather than the traditional approach in which teacher used to assign work to
the students during the class time.
5.4 Interactive Classroom Activities
Teacher can use tablets for one to one interactive activities with the students by having a quick survey,
quiz or web-based science and mathematical simulations making this a good choice to deliver the knowledge in
a way that is more enjoying and easy to understand for the students.
5.5 Presentations
While delivering presentations, teachers can provide students the required information electronically.
Students can then take notes in the form of interactive annotations and side notes to better understand the topic
and review them later.
5.6 Online and Web-Based Quizzes
With the implementation of tablets in classroom, students can give online and web-based quizzes. AIS
have developed a web based system before for teachers to create online quizzes and student previously used to
give the quizzes in computer labs. This approach used a lot of time since not all the students of all grades can be
accommodate in the computer labs at the same time. And the movement of students to and fro from classrooms
and labs uses extra time which can now be saved after the implementation of tablets as it will provide the
opportunity to the students to give online quizzes from staying within their classrooms on their own individual
tablets PCs saving precious time.
VI. CONCLUSION
It has always been evident that implementing a technology based solution anywhere in the world, raises
some challenges and issues that needs to be addressed for that technology based project to be successful. Many
of the discussed challenges and issues may be applicable to other parts of the world as well but mainly they
were specific to the scenario of schools in UAE. The same with the benefits, as there can be many more benefits
for using tablets in classroom for e-learning, but the benefits that were expected and required by AIS were being
mentioned in this paper. Further study of K-12 educational institutes and schools in other parts of the world can
be done in order to do a comparative study of the differences of the needs and challenges of implementing
tablets in classroom could be identified.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Author would like to thank Mr. Amjad Abdelbari, Mr Ludger Lou Gorospe, Dr. Tariq Rahim Soomro and Ms
Uruba Nisar for their support and help in gathering information and proofreading of this paper.
4. Challenges And Benefits Of Implementing…
42
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learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 36(2), 501–512.
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