Revise all Important Medicinal Chemistry Synthesis
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
7 likes•2,371 views
you can see you tube video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8gIRPZYdOE&t=3s Revise all Important Medicinal Chemistry Synthesis For B.Pharmacy 6th Semester & Pharm.D 3rd Year
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Quinolines- Antimalarial drugs.pptx
General introduction about quinoline anti-malarial drugs, QSAR, examples, Applications and side effects.
Urinary tract anti infective agents
Urinary tract infections are mainly caused by bacteria like E. coli and Staphylococcus. Common symptoms include burning during urination and red or pink colored urine. Quinolones are a class of antibiotics that are highly effective against many infectious diseases, including those caused by bacteria in the urinary tract. Quinolones work by inhibiting the bacterial DNA gyrase enzyme, which is responsible for compacting DNA and allowing replication. Some examples of quinolones used to treat UTIs are ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin. Other classes of antibiotics that can be used to treat UTIs include nitrofurans, sulfa drugs, and methenamine.
ANTI-MALARIAL DRUGS AND ANALOGUES
THIS PRESENTATION ABOUT ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS DETAILING THE COMPLETE INFORMATION ABOUT THE DRUGS USED WITH ITS MECHANISM OF ACTION, STRUCTURAL ACTIVITY AND DOSES.
SAR of Quinolines.pptx
The document discusses the structure-activity relationship of quinolines as urinary tract anti-infective agents. It outlines that the 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-pyridin-3-carboxylic acid moiety is essential for antibacterial activity, and it must be annulated with an aromatic ring. Substitutions at certain positions, like fluorine at position 6, lower alkyl groups at position 1, and amino at position 5 result in compounds with antibacterial activity. Piperazine, N-methyl piperazine and pyrrolidine ring substitutions at position 7 also lead to active compounds.
Medicinal Chemistry of Hetrocyclic Compound
This document discusses the synthesis, mechanisms, properties, and uses of several antifungal drugs: Metronidazole, Ketoconazole, Terconazole, and Miconazole. It provides details on the synthesis routes for each drug involving reactions of intermediates. The mechanisms of action involve inhibiting enzymes necessary for fungal cell wall synthesis or metabolism, which damages DNA and leads to cell death. The properties described include melting points, solubility, and physical forms. All four drugs are used as broad-spectrum antifungal agents to treat various fungal infections.
Aminoglycosides(medicinal chemistry by p.ravisankar)
Aminoglycosides,Aminocyclitols,Source,Structures of streptomycin,Dihydrostreptomycin,A mention of other aminoglycoside antibiotics,Acid hydrolysis,Mechanism of action,SAR,Dihydrostreptomycin and its importance,therapeutic uses, toxicity.
Important Synthesis of Antiviral Drugs
subscribe the channel :Work&Life Hobbies
watch video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3rI1lf2TZ8&t=403s
This slide describes the Important Synthesis of Antiviral Drugs
Medicinal chemistry of Anti viral agents
The document discusses the structure, life cycle, and classification of viruses as obligate intracellular parasites. It then summarizes the medicinal chemistry of various classes of anti-viral agents, including their synthesis and mechanisms of action. The main classes covered are adamantane derivatives like amantadine, purine nucleotides like acyclovir, pyrimidine nucleotides like trifluridine, and phosphorus derivatives like foscarnet. The anti-viral agents work by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase, incorporating into viral DNA, or substituting for thymidine in viral DNA synthesis.
Recommended
Quinolines- Antimalarial drugs.pptx
General introduction about quinoline anti-malarial drugs, QSAR, examples, Applications and side effects.
Urinary tract anti infective agents
Urinary tract infections are mainly caused by bacteria like E. coli and Staphylococcus. Common symptoms include burning during urination and red or pink colored urine. Quinolones are a class of antibiotics that are highly effective against many infectious diseases, including those caused by bacteria in the urinary tract. Quinolones work by inhibiting the bacterial DNA gyrase enzyme, which is responsible for compacting DNA and allowing replication. Some examples of quinolones used to treat UTIs are ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin. Other classes of antibiotics that can be used to treat UTIs include nitrofurans, sulfa drugs, and methenamine.
ANTI-MALARIAL DRUGS AND ANALOGUES
THIS PRESENTATION ABOUT ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS DETAILING THE COMPLETE INFORMATION ABOUT THE DRUGS USED WITH ITS MECHANISM OF ACTION, STRUCTURAL ACTIVITY AND DOSES.
SAR of Quinolines.pptx
The document discusses the structure-activity relationship of quinolines as urinary tract anti-infective agents. It outlines that the 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-pyridin-3-carboxylic acid moiety is essential for antibacterial activity, and it must be annulated with an aromatic ring. Substitutions at certain positions, like fluorine at position 6, lower alkyl groups at position 1, and amino at position 5 result in compounds with antibacterial activity. Piperazine, N-methyl piperazine and pyrrolidine ring substitutions at position 7 also lead to active compounds.
Medicinal Chemistry of Hetrocyclic Compound
This document discusses the synthesis, mechanisms, properties, and uses of several antifungal drugs: Metronidazole, Ketoconazole, Terconazole, and Miconazole. It provides details on the synthesis routes for each drug involving reactions of intermediates. The mechanisms of action involve inhibiting enzymes necessary for fungal cell wall synthesis or metabolism, which damages DNA and leads to cell death. The properties described include melting points, solubility, and physical forms. All four drugs are used as broad-spectrum antifungal agents to treat various fungal infections.
Aminoglycosides(medicinal chemistry by p.ravisankar)
Aminoglycosides,Aminocyclitols,Source,Structures of streptomycin,Dihydrostreptomycin,A mention of other aminoglycoside antibiotics,Acid hydrolysis,Mechanism of action,SAR,Dihydrostreptomycin and its importance,therapeutic uses, toxicity.
Important Synthesis of Antiviral Drugs
subscribe the channel :Work&Life Hobbies
watch video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3rI1lf2TZ8&t=403s
This slide describes the Important Synthesis of Antiviral Drugs
Medicinal chemistry of Anti viral agents
The document discusses the structure, life cycle, and classification of viruses as obligate intracellular parasites. It then summarizes the medicinal chemistry of various classes of anti-viral agents, including their synthesis and mechanisms of action. The main classes covered are adamantane derivatives like amantadine, purine nucleotides like acyclovir, pyrimidine nucleotides like trifluridine, and phosphorus derivatives like foscarnet. The anti-viral agents work by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase, incorporating into viral DNA, or substituting for thymidine in viral DNA synthesis.
Kinetics of multiple dosing
This document discusses kinetics of multiple dosing, drug accumulation, and concepts of loading and maintenance doses. It provides definitions and formulas for calculating accumulation factor, steady state levels, loading doses, and maintenance doses. The key points are:
1) Multiple dosing leads to drug accumulation until steady state is reached when the drug entering and leaving the system are equal.
2) Loading doses provide rapid target concentrations while maintenance doses maintain therapeutic levels.
3) Calculations for loading and maintenance doses depend on clearance, volume of distribution, and bioavailability. Maintaining therapeutic levels with minimal fluctuations is the goal of multiple dosing regimens.
Regulatory issues regulations in india asu
Regulations in India (ASU DTAB, ASU DCC), Regulation of
manufacture of ASU drugs - Schedule Z of Drugs & Cosmetics Act for ASU drugs.
Introduction
Regulatory Requirements
Key function of regulatory agencies
Regulation in India
DRUG TECHNICAL ADVISORY BOARD
Drugs Consultative committee-DCC
Schedule Z of Drugs & Cosmetics Act for ASU drugs.
Anti Malarial Drugs of medicinal chemistry
This slide contain information about Anti Malarial Drugs and their description with the synthesis of Chloroquine and pamaquine
SAR of quinolines
Miscellaneous agents of anti Malarial
Herbal excipients
Herbal excipients are non-active ingredients used in herbal medicines that help process, protect, support, enhance stability or patient acceptability of the active compounds. The document discusses various types of herbal excipients including colorants, sweeteners, binders, diluents, viscosity enhancers, disintegrants and flavors. For each type, examples of specific herbal sources are provided, including the plant name and family as well as the active constituent. Advantages and disadvantages of using herbal excipients are also summarized.
Basic concepts and application of prodrug design
The document discusses prodrug design and its applications. Prodrugs are biologically inert derivatives of drug molecules that undergo conversion in vivo to release the active parent drug. The objectives of prodrug design are to improve pharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic properties like solubility, stability, absorption and bioavailability. Prodrugs can be classified based on the carrier group attached and site of bioactivation. Applications include masking taste/odor, reducing irritation, enhancing solubility, stability and bioavailability to improve drug delivery. In summary, prodrug design is a strategy to overcome undesirable drug properties and improve therapeutic effectiveness.
Medicinal chemistry 5 semester all synthesis
Learn All
Medicinal Chemistry synthesis of
B.Pharmacy 5th Semester
As per PCI Syllabus
List Of Drug synthesis as per PCI Syllabus for B.Pharmacy 5th Semester
-Diphenhydramine hydrochloride -Furosemide
-Triprolidine hydrochloride -Methyldopate hydrochloride
-Promethazine hydrochloride -Disopyramide phosphate
-Cimetidine -Warfarin
-Meclorethamine -Tolbutamide
-Mercaptopurine -Benzocaine
-Methotrexate -Procaine
-Nitroglycerin -Dibucaine
-Isosorbide dinitrite
-Acetazolamide
-Chlorthiazide
Herbal excipents (Sweetner)
This document discusses different types of sweetening agents that can be used in drug formulations to mask bitter tastes. It describes nutritive sweeteners like sucrose and fructose, as well as non-nutritive sweeteners like saccharin and aspartame. Several natural sweeteners are then outlined in more detail, including glycyrrhizin, stevioside, neoshesperidin dihydrochalcone, thaumatin, and monellin. Their sources, properties, structures, and uses are provided. Finally, sugar and honey - two common nutritive sweeteners - are summarized with information on their preparation and applications.
Sulphonamides (Sulfonamides) and Sulfones || B.Pharm VI Semester || Medicinal...
Sulfonamides, Sulfones, Historical development, chemistry, classification and SAR of Sulfonamides:
Sulphamethizole, Sulfisoxazole, Sulphamethizine, Sulfacetamide*, Sulphapyridine, Sulfamethoxaole*,
Sulphadiazine, Mefenide acetate, Sulfasalazine.
Folate reductase inhibitors, Trimethoprim, Cotrimoxazole,
Sulfones, Dapsone
Quinolone antibacterials
Quinolones are synthetic antibacterial agents derived from nalidixic acid. Modern fluoroquinolones are classified into generations based on potency and spectrum of activity, with later generations having broader coverage. They work by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, preventing DNA replication. Common quinolones include norfloxacin for urinary tract infections, ciprofloxacin with activity against Pseudomonas, and sparfloxacin active against streptococci and anaerobes.
Barbiturate & Morphine poisoning
The document discusses barbiturate and morphine/opioid poisoning. It provides details on the classification, mechanism of action, signs and symptoms, and management of barbiturate poisoning. It describes how barbiturates bind to GABA receptors and prolong opening of chloride channels, inhibiting the central nervous system. Signs of acute poisoning include depression, amnesia, respiratory issues and death from respiratory arrest. Management involves cardio-respiratory support, preventing drug absorption, and removing barbiturates from the body through charcoal, diuresis or dialysis. For morphine/opioid poisoning, it notes respiratory depression as a major risk and describes treatment with naloxone to reverse effects or intubation to ensure
Herbal excipients
The document discusses various herbal excipients that can be used in pharmaceutical formulations. It describes natural colorants, sweeteners, and binding agents that are derived from plant sources. Some key points discussed include natural colorants like henna, turmeric, and saffron; sweeteners such as stevia, licorice root, and bitter orange; and binding agents including acacia, tragacanth, and various plant gums. The document emphasizes the advantages of herbal excipients like low toxicity, biodegradability, availability, and low cost. It provides details on the plant source, active compounds, and uses of some important natural excipients.
Sar of Penicillin and cephalosporin
1. The document presents information on the structure-activity relationships of penicillin and cephalosporin.
2. For penicillin, substitutions on the thiazolidine and beta-lactam rings can impact acid stability, antibacterial activity, and resistance to beta-lactamases. Methyl groups and carboxylic acids are important for activity.
3. For cephalosporin, acylation of the amino group increases gram-positive activity but decreases gram-negative activity. Substituents on aromatic rings influence gram-positive versus gram-negative selectivity. Replacing groups on the dihydrothiazine ring can improve properties.
Macroloid antibiotics
Definition
Source
Chemistry
Structure activity relationship
Physical & chemical properties
Mechanism of action
Types of macrolide
Pharmacokinetics
Macrolide resistance
Spectrum of activity
Indication
Contraindication
Side effect
Market preparation
Clinical Symptoms and Management of Morphine ,Organophosphorus and Mercury ...
The document provides information on morphine, organophosphorus, and mercury poisoning. It discusses the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of each type of poisoning. For morphine poisoning, it outlines the three stages of symptoms from excitement to coma. Treatment involves gastric lavage and administration of the antidote naloxone. For organophosphorus poisoning, it describes how the chemicals inhibit acetylcholinesterase leading to excess acetylcholine and lists atropine and oxime compounds as antidotes. Mercury poisoning can be elemental, inorganic, or organic with each having different toxic profiles. Diagnosis involves blood and urine mercury levels while chelation therapy with DMPS is the treatment of choice.
BP 604T unit 3 notes.docx
This document provides an overview of pharmacokinetic models and parameters. It discusses one-compartment models for intravenous bolus and intravenous infusion administration. For intravenous bolus, the elimination rate constant, half-life, apparent volume of distribution, and clearance are defined. For intravenous infusion, the equations for drug concentration over time are presented. Compartmental models are used to mathematically describe drug behavior in the body and calculate pharmacokinetic parameters.
ONE COMPARTMENT OPEN MODEL I.V BOLUS (Contact me: dr.m.bharathkumar@gmail.com)
ONE COMPARTMENT OPEN MODEL I.V BOLUS (Contact me: dr.m.bharathkumar@gmail.com)DR. METI.BHARATH KUMAR
The document appears to be a scanned receipt from a grocery store listing various food and household items purchased totaling $123.45. It includes the store name, date, time of purchase, payment method (credit card), and signature of the cashier. The receipt provides details of the transaction including item names, quantities, and individual prices.UTI Agents
This document discusses urinary tract anti-infective agents. It classifies these agents based on their chemical structure into quinolone derivatives, nitrofuran derivatives, methenamine and its salts, and urinary analgesics. It provides details on various quinolone derivatives like norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and nalidixic acid. It describes the structure-activity relationships and mechanisms of action of quinolone derivatives and nitrofurantoin. It lists the uses of various urinary tract anti-infective agents in treating infections like UTIs, pneumonia, and pelvic inflammatory disease.
Introduction to Drug Design
The document discusses various approaches used in drug design, including quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) analysis. QSAR uses physicochemical parameters like partition coefficient, electronic parameters, and steric parameters to develop mathematical models correlating a drug molecule's structure to its biological activity. The goal is to predict activity for new compounds and guide drug design. Parameters commonly used in QSAR include log P for hydrophobicity, Hammett constants for electronics, and Taft constants for sterics. Methods involve Hansch analysis, Free Wilson models, and other statistical techniques.
BIOPHAMACEUICS- UNIT 1- DRUG ABSORPTION
Introduction to biopharmaceutics, mechanism of drug absorption, ADME, Transport mechanism of drug absorption.
Digestants and Carminatives
This document discusses two categories of drugs - carminatives and digestants.
Carminatives are drugs that promote the expulsion of gases from the gastrointestinal tract and provide a feeling of warmth and comfort in the epigastrium. Commonly used carminatives include sodium bicarbonate, peppermint oil, cardamom tincture, dill oil, and ginger tincture.
Digestants are substances intended to promote digestion by supplying digestive enzymes. Examples include hydrochloric acid, pepsin, papain, pancreatin, and diastase. They may be beneficial in conditions where enzyme production is deficient but their routine use is generally not recommended. Side effects of digestants can
Proton Pump Inhibitors
This document discusses proton pump inhibitors for a 5th semester B.Pharmacy course according to PCI syllabus. It covers medicinal chemistry and introduces proton pump inhibitors as the topic for unit 1. It encourages students to subscribe to the Chemstudy solutions YouTube channel for more videos if they find the content useful.
H2 antagonist
H2 antagonist
Chemical Classification
SAR of H2 antagonist
Mechanism of Action
Synthesis , use, and adverse effects
Cimetidine
More Related Content
What's hot
Kinetics of multiple dosing
This document discusses kinetics of multiple dosing, drug accumulation, and concepts of loading and maintenance doses. It provides definitions and formulas for calculating accumulation factor, steady state levels, loading doses, and maintenance doses. The key points are:
1) Multiple dosing leads to drug accumulation until steady state is reached when the drug entering and leaving the system are equal.
2) Loading doses provide rapid target concentrations while maintenance doses maintain therapeutic levels.
3) Calculations for loading and maintenance doses depend on clearance, volume of distribution, and bioavailability. Maintaining therapeutic levels with minimal fluctuations is the goal of multiple dosing regimens.
Regulatory issues regulations in india asu
Regulations in India (ASU DTAB, ASU DCC), Regulation of
manufacture of ASU drugs - Schedule Z of Drugs & Cosmetics Act for ASU drugs.
Introduction
Regulatory Requirements
Key function of regulatory agencies
Regulation in India
DRUG TECHNICAL ADVISORY BOARD
Drugs Consultative committee-DCC
Schedule Z of Drugs & Cosmetics Act for ASU drugs.
Anti Malarial Drugs of medicinal chemistry
This slide contain information about Anti Malarial Drugs and their description with the synthesis of Chloroquine and pamaquine
SAR of quinolines
Miscellaneous agents of anti Malarial
Herbal excipients
Herbal excipients are non-active ingredients used in herbal medicines that help process, protect, support, enhance stability or patient acceptability of the active compounds. The document discusses various types of herbal excipients including colorants, sweeteners, binders, diluents, viscosity enhancers, disintegrants and flavors. For each type, examples of specific herbal sources are provided, including the plant name and family as well as the active constituent. Advantages and disadvantages of using herbal excipients are also summarized.
Basic concepts and application of prodrug design
The document discusses prodrug design and its applications. Prodrugs are biologically inert derivatives of drug molecules that undergo conversion in vivo to release the active parent drug. The objectives of prodrug design are to improve pharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic properties like solubility, stability, absorption and bioavailability. Prodrugs can be classified based on the carrier group attached and site of bioactivation. Applications include masking taste/odor, reducing irritation, enhancing solubility, stability and bioavailability to improve drug delivery. In summary, prodrug design is a strategy to overcome undesirable drug properties and improve therapeutic effectiveness.
Medicinal chemistry 5 semester all synthesis
Learn All
Medicinal Chemistry synthesis of
B.Pharmacy 5th Semester
As per PCI Syllabus
List Of Drug synthesis as per PCI Syllabus for B.Pharmacy 5th Semester
-Diphenhydramine hydrochloride -Furosemide
-Triprolidine hydrochloride -Methyldopate hydrochloride
-Promethazine hydrochloride -Disopyramide phosphate
-Cimetidine -Warfarin
-Meclorethamine -Tolbutamide
-Mercaptopurine -Benzocaine
-Methotrexate -Procaine
-Nitroglycerin -Dibucaine
-Isosorbide dinitrite
-Acetazolamide
-Chlorthiazide
Herbal excipents (Sweetner)
This document discusses different types of sweetening agents that can be used in drug formulations to mask bitter tastes. It describes nutritive sweeteners like sucrose and fructose, as well as non-nutritive sweeteners like saccharin and aspartame. Several natural sweeteners are then outlined in more detail, including glycyrrhizin, stevioside, neoshesperidin dihydrochalcone, thaumatin, and monellin. Their sources, properties, structures, and uses are provided. Finally, sugar and honey - two common nutritive sweeteners - are summarized with information on their preparation and applications.
Sulphonamides (Sulfonamides) and Sulfones || B.Pharm VI Semester || Medicinal...
Sulfonamides, Sulfones, Historical development, chemistry, classification and SAR of Sulfonamides:
Sulphamethizole, Sulfisoxazole, Sulphamethizine, Sulfacetamide*, Sulphapyridine, Sulfamethoxaole*,
Sulphadiazine, Mefenide acetate, Sulfasalazine.
Folate reductase inhibitors, Trimethoprim, Cotrimoxazole,
Sulfones, Dapsone
Quinolone antibacterials
Quinolones are synthetic antibacterial agents derived from nalidixic acid. Modern fluoroquinolones are classified into generations based on potency and spectrum of activity, with later generations having broader coverage. They work by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, preventing DNA replication. Common quinolones include norfloxacin for urinary tract infections, ciprofloxacin with activity against Pseudomonas, and sparfloxacin active against streptococci and anaerobes.
Barbiturate & Morphine poisoning
The document discusses barbiturate and morphine/opioid poisoning. It provides details on the classification, mechanism of action, signs and symptoms, and management of barbiturate poisoning. It describes how barbiturates bind to GABA receptors and prolong opening of chloride channels, inhibiting the central nervous system. Signs of acute poisoning include depression, amnesia, respiratory issues and death from respiratory arrest. Management involves cardio-respiratory support, preventing drug absorption, and removing barbiturates from the body through charcoal, diuresis or dialysis. For morphine/opioid poisoning, it notes respiratory depression as a major risk and describes treatment with naloxone to reverse effects or intubation to ensure
Herbal excipients
The document discusses various herbal excipients that can be used in pharmaceutical formulations. It describes natural colorants, sweeteners, and binding agents that are derived from plant sources. Some key points discussed include natural colorants like henna, turmeric, and saffron; sweeteners such as stevia, licorice root, and bitter orange; and binding agents including acacia, tragacanth, and various plant gums. The document emphasizes the advantages of herbal excipients like low toxicity, biodegradability, availability, and low cost. It provides details on the plant source, active compounds, and uses of some important natural excipients.
Sar of Penicillin and cephalosporin
1. The document presents information on the structure-activity relationships of penicillin and cephalosporin.
2. For penicillin, substitutions on the thiazolidine and beta-lactam rings can impact acid stability, antibacterial activity, and resistance to beta-lactamases. Methyl groups and carboxylic acids are important for activity.
3. For cephalosporin, acylation of the amino group increases gram-positive activity but decreases gram-negative activity. Substituents on aromatic rings influence gram-positive versus gram-negative selectivity. Replacing groups on the dihydrothiazine ring can improve properties.
Macroloid antibiotics
Definition
Source
Chemistry
Structure activity relationship
Physical & chemical properties
Mechanism of action
Types of macrolide
Pharmacokinetics
Macrolide resistance
Spectrum of activity
Indication
Contraindication
Side effect
Market preparation
Clinical Symptoms and Management of Morphine ,Organophosphorus and Mercury ...
The document provides information on morphine, organophosphorus, and mercury poisoning. It discusses the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of each type of poisoning. For morphine poisoning, it outlines the three stages of symptoms from excitement to coma. Treatment involves gastric lavage and administration of the antidote naloxone. For organophosphorus poisoning, it describes how the chemicals inhibit acetylcholinesterase leading to excess acetylcholine and lists atropine and oxime compounds as antidotes. Mercury poisoning can be elemental, inorganic, or organic with each having different toxic profiles. Diagnosis involves blood and urine mercury levels while chelation therapy with DMPS is the treatment of choice.
BP 604T unit 3 notes.docx
This document provides an overview of pharmacokinetic models and parameters. It discusses one-compartment models for intravenous bolus and intravenous infusion administration. For intravenous bolus, the elimination rate constant, half-life, apparent volume of distribution, and clearance are defined. For intravenous infusion, the equations for drug concentration over time are presented. Compartmental models are used to mathematically describe drug behavior in the body and calculate pharmacokinetic parameters.
ONE COMPARTMENT OPEN MODEL I.V BOLUS (Contact me: dr.m.bharathkumar@gmail.com)
ONE COMPARTMENT OPEN MODEL I.V BOLUS (Contact me: dr.m.bharathkumar@gmail.com)DR. METI.BHARATH KUMAR
The document appears to be a scanned receipt from a grocery store listing various food and household items purchased totaling $123.45. It includes the store name, date, time of purchase, payment method (credit card), and signature of the cashier. The receipt provides details of the transaction including item names, quantities, and individual prices.UTI Agents
This document discusses urinary tract anti-infective agents. It classifies these agents based on their chemical structure into quinolone derivatives, nitrofuran derivatives, methenamine and its salts, and urinary analgesics. It provides details on various quinolone derivatives like norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and nalidixic acid. It describes the structure-activity relationships and mechanisms of action of quinolone derivatives and nitrofurantoin. It lists the uses of various urinary tract anti-infective agents in treating infections like UTIs, pneumonia, and pelvic inflammatory disease.
Introduction to Drug Design
The document discusses various approaches used in drug design, including quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) analysis. QSAR uses physicochemical parameters like partition coefficient, electronic parameters, and steric parameters to develop mathematical models correlating a drug molecule's structure to its biological activity. The goal is to predict activity for new compounds and guide drug design. Parameters commonly used in QSAR include log P for hydrophobicity, Hammett constants for electronics, and Taft constants for sterics. Methods involve Hansch analysis, Free Wilson models, and other statistical techniques.
BIOPHAMACEUICS- UNIT 1- DRUG ABSORPTION
Introduction to biopharmaceutics, mechanism of drug absorption, ADME, Transport mechanism of drug absorption.
Digestants and Carminatives
This document discusses two categories of drugs - carminatives and digestants.
Carminatives are drugs that promote the expulsion of gases from the gastrointestinal tract and provide a feeling of warmth and comfort in the epigastrium. Commonly used carminatives include sodium bicarbonate, peppermint oil, cardamom tincture, dill oil, and ginger tincture.
Digestants are substances intended to promote digestion by supplying digestive enzymes. Examples include hydrochloric acid, pepsin, papain, pancreatin, and diastase. They may be beneficial in conditions where enzyme production is deficient but their routine use is generally not recommended. Side effects of digestants can
What's hot (20)
Sulphonamides (Sulfonamides) and Sulfones || B.Pharm VI Semester || Medicinal...
Sulphonamides (Sulfonamides) and Sulfones || B.Pharm VI Semester || Medicinal...
Clinical Symptoms and Management of Morphine ,Organophosphorus and Mercury ...
Clinical Symptoms and Management of Morphine ,Organophosphorus and Mercury ...
ONE COMPARTMENT OPEN MODEL I.V BOLUS (Contact me: dr.m.bharathkumar@gmail.com)
ONE COMPARTMENT OPEN MODEL I.V BOLUS (Contact me: dr.m.bharathkumar@gmail.com)
More from Anjali Bhardwaj
Proton Pump Inhibitors
This document discusses proton pump inhibitors for a 5th semester B.Pharmacy course according to PCI syllabus. It covers medicinal chemistry and introduces proton pump inhibitors as the topic for unit 1. It encourages students to subscribe to the Chemstudy solutions YouTube channel for more videos if they find the content useful.
H2 antagonist
H2 antagonist
Chemical Classification
SAR of H2 antagonist
Mechanism of Action
Synthesis , use, and adverse effects
Cimetidine
Antineoplastic agents/Anticancer Drugs
Antineoplastic agents/Anticancer Drugs
Chemical Classification
SAR of Alkylating Agents
Syntheis ,MOA,Use & Adverse effects
Mechlorethamine
Mercaptopurine
Methotrexate
Antihistaminic Agents
Antihistaminic Agents
Histamine Receptors & Distribution of Receptor in Human Body
H1-Antagonists
Chemical Classification
Structure-Activity Relationship
Mechanism of action
Synthesis, use & Adverse effects of drugs
Diphenhydramine
Triprolidine Hydrochloride
Promethazine Hydrochloride
Unit ii Structure and use of phenol derivatives
This document discusses organic chemistry concepts related to phenol, cresol, resorcinol, and napthols. It covers the chapter on structure and uses of these compounds according to the PCI syllabus for the third semester of a B.Pharmacy degree. The document encourages subscribing to the Chemstudy solutions YouTube channel for more videos on these topics.
Unit ii (3) Aromatic Acids
Aromatic Acids
2-Aromatic Acids & Effect of Substituents on Acidity Of Aromatic Acids
Reactions of Aromatic Acids
Unit ii (2) Aromatic Amines: Basicity Of Amines
Aromatic Amines: Basicity Of Amines
Effect of Substituents on the basicity of Amines
Diazonium Salts reactions
Unit ii Qualitative test of phenols
This document discusses testing for phenol in organic chemistry. It covers the qualitative test for phenol according to the PCI syllabus for the 3rd semester of a B.Pharmacy degree. The document encourages subscribing to the Chemstudy solutions YouTube channel for more videos related to organic chemistry topics.
Unit ii -Acidity of phenols &Effect of substituents on acidity of Phenol
Why phenol is acidic in nature?
why alcohol is less acidic than phenol?
Effects of substituents on the acidity of Phenol
Unit 1- Structure & Use of DDT,Saccharin,BHC & Chloramine
This document discusses organic chemistry topics related to the structure and uses of chemicals like DDT, saccharin, BHC, and chloramine that are part of the syllabus for the 3rd semester of a B.Pharmacy degree according to PCI standards. It encourages subscribing to the Chemstudy solutions YouTube channel for more educational videos on these topics.
Unit 1- Effects of substituents on Mono substituted benzene Ring
Effects of substituents on reactivity and orientation of monosubstituted benzene compounds towards electrophilic substitution reaction
Activating & Deactivating group
Ortho and Para Directing group
Meta directing group
substitution on the benzene ring
Halides are Ortho & Para directing group why?
Unit 1 -Reaction of benzene with Mechanism
Reactions of benzene
-Nitration of Benzene
-Sulphonation
-Halogenation
-Friedel Craft Alkylation
-Friedel Craft Acylation
Unit 1-Structure of benzene(Analytical & Synthetic Evidence)
This document discusses the structure of benzene as part of the organic chemistry curriculum for third semester B.Pharmacy students according to the PCI syllabus. It encourages viewers to subscribe to the Chemstudy solutions YouTube channel for more videos if they find the content useful.
POC||B.Pharm||3 Semester||Cycloalkanes||Reactions of Cyclopropane & Cyclobuta...
This document discusses cycloalkanes as part of the organic chemistry curriculum for 3rd semester B.Pharmacy students according to the PCI syllabus. It recommends subscribing to the Chemstudy solutions YouTube channel for more videos on cycloalkanes and other organic chemistry topics relevant to the course of study.
POC|| Unit -IV|| Polynuclear Hydrocarbons||Synthesis||Reaction||Use| Phenanth...
This document discusses organic chemistry topics including polynuclear hydrocarbons like anthracene and phenanthrene. It is part of the curriculum for the third semester of a B.Pharmacy degree according to PCI syllabus standards. The document encourages subscribing to the Chemstudy solutions YouTube channel for more educational videos on these topics.
POC|| Unit -IV|| Polynuclear Hydrocarbons||Synthesis ,Reaction||Naphthalene D...
This document discusses naphthalene derivatives, which are part of polynuclear hydrocarbons, as part of the organic chemistry curriculum for 3rd semester B.Pharmacy students according to the PCI syllabus. It encourages viewers to subscribe to the Chemstudy solutions YouTube channel for more videos related to this topic.
Organic Chemistry|Chapter 4-Polynuclear Hydrocarbons Part –IV Diphenylmethan...
This document discusses diphenylmethane and triphenylmethane, which are types of polynuclear hydrocarbons covered in Organic Chemistry Chapter 4. It is intended for 3rd semester B.Pharmacy students according to the PCI syllabus. The document encourages subscribing to the Chemstudy solutions YouTube channel for more videos on these topics.
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry-II| Cycloalkanes||Chapter -V
Cycloalkanes-Bayers strain theory
Coulson &Moffitts modification
Saches Mohrs Theory
Cylopropane and Cyclobutane reactions
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry|Chapter1-Reactions of Benzene| B.Pharmacy 3r...
In this video, topics are covered for B.Pharmacy 3rd Semester students.
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry ,Chapter 1- Reactions of Benzene with Mechanism
-Nitration
-Sulphonation
-Halogenation
-Friedel Craft alkylation& Friedel craft acylation reactions
Witting Reaction Mechanism|Michael addition reaction|Mechanism|Organic Name R...
This organic chemistry video tutorial provides a basic introduction to the Witting reaction mechanism, Witting Reagent preparation
Wittig reaction is an organic chemical reaction wherein an aldehyde or a ketone is reacted with a Wittig Reagent (a triphenyl phosphonium ylide) to yield an alkene along with triphenylphosphine oxide.
It is one of the methods to convert aldehyde or ketone into alkene derivatives.
The Michael reaction or Michael addition is the nucleophilic addition of a carbanion or another nucleophile to an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound. It belongs to the larger class of conjugate additions.
More from Anjali Bhardwaj (20)
Unit ii -Acidity of phenols &Effect of substituents on acidity of Phenol
Unit ii -Acidity of phenols &Effect of substituents on acidity of Phenol
Unit 1- Structure & Use of DDT,Saccharin,BHC & Chloramine
Unit 1- Structure & Use of DDT,Saccharin,BHC & Chloramine
Unit 1- Effects of substituents on Mono substituted benzene Ring
Unit 1- Effects of substituents on Mono substituted benzene Ring
Unit 1-Structure of benzene(Analytical & Synthetic Evidence)
Unit 1-Structure of benzene(Analytical & Synthetic Evidence)
POC||B.Pharm||3 Semester||Cycloalkanes||Reactions of Cyclopropane & Cyclobuta...
POC||B.Pharm||3 Semester||Cycloalkanes||Reactions of Cyclopropane & Cyclobuta...
POC|| Unit -IV|| Polynuclear Hydrocarbons||Synthesis||Reaction||Use| Phenanth...
POC|| Unit -IV|| Polynuclear Hydrocarbons||Synthesis||Reaction||Use| Phenanth...
POC|| Unit -IV|| Polynuclear Hydrocarbons||Synthesis ,Reaction||Naphthalene D...
POC|| Unit -IV|| Polynuclear Hydrocarbons||Synthesis ,Reaction||Naphthalene D...
Organic Chemistry|Chapter 4-Polynuclear Hydrocarbons Part –IV Diphenylmethan...
Organic Chemistry|Chapter 4-Polynuclear Hydrocarbons Part –IV Diphenylmethan...
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry-II| Cycloalkanes||Chapter -V
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry-II| Cycloalkanes||Chapter -V
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry|Chapter1-Reactions of Benzene| B.Pharmacy 3r...
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry|Chapter1-Reactions of Benzene| B.Pharmacy 3r...
Witting Reaction Mechanism|Michael addition reaction|Mechanism|Organic Name R...
Witting Reaction Mechanism|Michael addition reaction|Mechanism|Organic Name R...
Recently uploaded
ANAMOLOUS SECONDARY GROWTH IN DICOT ROOTS.pptx
Abnormal or anomalous secondary growth in plants. It defines secondary growth as an increase in plant girth due to vascular cambium or cork cambium. Anomalous secondary growth does not follow the normal pattern of a single vascular cambium producing xylem internally and phloem externally.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvement
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
3D Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm,
Plasma expansion in the dipole magnetic field.
SAR of Medicinal Chemistry 1st by dk.pdf
In this presentation include the prototype drug SAR on thus or with their examples .
Syllabus of Second Year B. Pharmacy
2019 PATTERN.
原版制作(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
This presentation covers the content and information on "Cytokines " and their role in immune regulation .
Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero WaterTexas Alliance of Groundwater Districts
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business MeetingTHEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan,kP,Pakistan
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skillsThornton ESPP slides UK WW Network 4_6_24.pdf
ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
and the revised UWWTD (Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive)”
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
如何办理(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证本科学位证书原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
Recently uploaded (20)
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Revise all Important Medicinal Chemistry Synthesis
- 1. Revise all Important Medicinal Chemistry Synthesis in Just 20 minutes in Hindi -Chloroquine -Mebendazole -Pamaquine -Sulfacetamide -Para-Amino Salicylic acid -Sulfamethoxazole -Ciprofloxacin -Trimethoprin -Nitrofurantoin -Dapsone -Acyclovir -Miconazole -Tolnaftate -Metronidazole -Diethyl carbamazine For B.Pharmacy 6th Semester & Pharm.D 3rd Year
- 3. Synthesis of Pamaquine(Anti-Malarial drug)