Reviewing the medical literature
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Literature review is the comprehensive study and interpretation of literature relating to a particular topic. It is necessary for clinicians to stay updated on evidence-based treatment protocols and make informed decisions. The 5 steps of literature review are: 1) defining a research question, 2) conducting a literature search using keywords and databases, 3) organizing collected information, 4) critically appraising the literature, and 5) writing up the review by answering the research question and referencing sources. Conducting regular literature reviews helps clinicians integrate the latest research into clinical practice.
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Reviewing the medical literature
- 1. Reviewing the literature Dr. Jeya venkatesh.P MS Ortho, DNB Ortho, MRCS (England), Dip SICOT (Belgium)., Ex-Senior resident, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, Fellowship in Knee Surgery and Sports Medicine, SNUH, Korea ISKSAA Midlands Fellowship, Birmingham, UK ‘SICOT meets SICOT’ Fellowship, Rhon Klinikum, Germany. CONSULTANT: Janani Hospital, Thiruvallur Sir Ivan Stedeford Hospital, Chennai
- 2. What is literature review? Link between what is known and unknown Not just a summary A literature review is the comprehensive study and interpretation of literature that relates to a particular topic.
- 3. Importance of review I am a practising surgeon, not a researcher, why should I review literature? Literature review is necessary to stay updated on Evidence based treatment protocols !
- 4. Why review a literature? Writing thesis/ journal article Updating on the current trends as compared to conventional strategies Decision making when treatment is controversial To validate new ideas/innovation
- 5. 54321 5 steps in Literature Review
- 7. Identifying a research question? ● Identifying a research question is a critical step in the literature review methodology. ● Relevant area of clinical practice ● Achievable within the time frame. ● Be answerable from the literature
- 9. Collect information- Electronic search Scholarly vs Non scholarly ???
- 10. Literature search Case reports Original research (cc,cs,cohort) Reviews / systematic reviews Perspectives / opinions Analyses (policies, programs, guidelines) Symposia / CME/ Book reviews Search what you actually want. Organised search ESSENTIAL INTERESTING
- 11. Boolean query
- 12. Pubmed Watch Tutorial How to use pubmed, MeSH
- 13. Tips for hassle free search Bates model of berry picking 1. Footnote chasing - thro chain of references 2. Citation searching- find who cites it 3. Author searching Scihub, Zotero , google scholar as Chrome bookmark
- 14. Collect information Start with the MOST RECENT & WORK BACKWARDS to the oldest. LOGIN Please... Wikipedia - Watchlist Scholar - History Pubmed - My NCBI, Saved search
- 15. Google alerts
- 16. Citation managers Online syncing of journals/books/web pages of interest Anytime access to selected journals Adds citations, Creates bibliography in word
- 17. Collect & Organise data virtually
- 18. Once data collection is over !
- 20. Organise information Tradional way (underline in printouts), PDF Highlights, Google spreadsheets Relate to research Q Donot procarstinate Jott down relevant points as you go..
- 22. Critical Appraisal Identify the strengths and limitations of each study. Carefully examine all of the information you have identified for relevance to your research question. Complie all information at one place … ready reconker... Easy to compare your data... You should never cite an author without some analysis of the contribution this author makes to your debate,
- 23. Google Spreadsheet or Docs to collaborate with co-authors
- 25. Write up- Review should be coherent, systematic and clear. Make sure you answer the research question! Quote luse latest publications to compare your outcome variable Donot hesitate to express negative findings Reference your sources appropriately.
- 26. Enago checklist
- 27. Swyam - A government of India Initiative Basic course in biomedical research Manuscript writing Free for all NPTEL courses.
- 28. Take home points ● Review of literature is important for both clinical practise and research ● Scholarly vs non scholarly articles ● 5 step Process ○ Define research question ○ Gather Information- Boolean operators, Use citation managers to save articles ○ Organise data- Excel, spreadsheet. ○ Summarize and critically analyse all articles. ○ Begin write up
Editor's Notes
- Increase our understanding … Throw light in unknown subject.
- Antibiotic therapy/ DVT prophylaxis/
- Information retrieval databases.
- LANDING PAGE. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADING… LIBRARY THESARUS… NLM identified key word… more chance of getting identified…
- Those new to academic writing often fall into one of two categories. The first accept any piece of research or other information at face value and so accept what is written without question. They cite a reference without any statement about the quality or authenticity of the report.Those new to academic discussion may perceive a paper that is published in a reputable journal to be above critique and so do not attempt any structured appraisal of the paper. The second category interpret the term ‘critical appraisal’ to mean that they must criticise and find fault with everything that they read.