Rethinking Thermal Comfort
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This document discusses different methods of thermal comfort including convection, conduction, and radiation. It also discusses challenges with traditional HVAC systems and explores alternative approaches like circulating fans, local heating methods, and thermally active building surfaces. Additionally, it proposes some innovative ideas like using clothes or personal climate control systems to regulate temperature instead of focusing solely on conditioning indoor air.
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siddhi soft solutions is the best ieee Project training company in Trichy.We offer M.E ieee projects, B. E ieee projects, ieee Mini projectieee projects titles,ieee project center in Trichy, ieee student projects in Trichy and Live Projects.
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Passive House North 2013 Presentation on Thermal Bridges in Concrete Construction. Solutions to Address Energy Code Compliance, Thermal Comfort and Energy Savings
THERMAL COMFORT IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS; A STUDY OF EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE...
This study, “Thermal Comfort In Residential Buildings; A Study Of Effectiveness Of The Use Of Some Sun Shading Devices” examined the effectiveness of employing some sun shading devices in aiding attainment of thermal comfort in buildings.
The scope of this study is within the tropics of South Western Nigeria with residential housing units in randomly selected towns. Case studies were provided on some buildings and in-depth analysis was done on the effects (mostly thermal) these devices have on both the buildings and their occupants.
The research methodology for this study was done with meticulous analysis of the study area and the gathered data from questionnaires and interviews from respondents (selected at random).
Deductions and conclusions were made from this different analysis. The main deduction is that thermal comfort in these selected buildings was on a fairly satisfactory level. Improvements for higher thermal comfort levels were proposed in the recommendations.
Human body heat transfer
Heat is produced in the human body through metabolism and must be dissipated to maintain a constant internal temperature. The body loses heat through convection, radiation, and evaporation from the skin and lungs. Several factors influence heat transfer such as environmental temperature, humidity, air motion, skin wettedness, and clothing. Clothing acts as insulation and reduces both sensible and latent heat loss. Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is important for designing clothing and heating/cooling systems for thermal comfort.
6. Thermal behaviour (heat exchange in buildings)
Lecture presentation of Climatology subject presented at the MBS School of Planning and Architecture.
SHADING DEVICES OF JAISALMER
This document discusses shading devices and their use in architecture in Jaisalmer, India. It defines shading devices as purpose-built structures that protect from sunlight and natural light. The document describes different types of shading devices, including vertical, horizontal, and egg-crate devices. It also discusses the climate and location of Jaisalmer and how structures there utilize features like dense clustering, orientation, and courtyards to provide natural cooling without electricity. Specific architectural examples from Jaisalmer like Nathmalji Haveli are also summarized, highlighting shading elements like jharokhas, chatris, and chajjas.
Acceptability of air velocity from a human thermal comfort and safety perspec...
Matthew Legg and Mark Gilbey from WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff in the UK presented at the ISAVFT 2015 - Symposium on Aerodynamics, Ventilation and Fire in Tunnels, held in Seattle on September 15-17, 2015.
The Building Science of Thermal Comfort
An incomplete review of thermal comfort, thermodynamics, indoor air quality, who influenced this science and how it is being used to design insanely comfortable buildings. Bonus side benefit: they happen to use very little energy. (Don't tell anyone about this - it may be too radical.)
Human thermal perception and outdoor thermal comfort under shaded conditions ...
The 6th International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environment [Special Session: Urban Climate & Urban Air Pollution (UCUA)] 28-30 November 2016, Dusit Thani Bangkok Hotel, Thailand
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Masters degree project on thermal comfort with radiant heating walls
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Thermal Comfort Assessment to Building Envelope: A Case Study for New Mosque ...
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Thermal comfort inside residential building with varying window
Thermal comfort inside residential building with varying window
Energy Ratings for Windows: Balancing Energy Consumption and Thermal Comfort
Energy Ratings for Windows: Balancing Energy Consumption and Thermal Comfort
Thermal bridges in concrete construction solutions to address energy code co...
Thermal bridges in concrete construction solutions to address energy code co...
cse Mini project titles, mini project titles for cse students in Trichy
cse Mini project titles, mini project titles for cse students in Trichy
Optimizing Concrete Thermal Bridges - Balcony and Slab Edge Thermal Breaks
Optimizing Concrete Thermal Bridges - Balcony and Slab Edge Thermal Breaks
THERMAL COMFORT IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS; A STUDY OF EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE...
THERMAL COMFORT IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS; A STUDY OF EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE...
Acceptability of air velocity from a human thermal comfort and safety perspec...
Acceptability of air velocity from a human thermal comfort and safety perspec...
Human thermal perception and outdoor thermal comfort under shaded conditions ...
Human thermal perception and outdoor thermal comfort under shaded conditions ...
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Controlling the Greenhouse Environment in Fairbanks, Alaska
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Heat stress from high temperatures is a major problem for poultry production. Evaporative cooling can help but is only effective under low humidity conditions. A two-stage air cooling system uses underground pipes to first sensibly cool the air before further cooling it evaporatively. A study showed this system maintained stable indoor temperatures for poultry even as outdoor temperatures varied widely, improving production over conventional cooling methods.
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Department of Mechanical and industrial Engineering
Department of Mechanical and industrial Engineering
Graduation Project
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Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Graduation Project I
Modern methods for improving efficiency in heating and cooling in Green buildings
Team Members:
Ahmed Aldobi
Ahmed Guzlan
Faisal Shlashdah
Mohammed Alesaei
Advisor:
Dr. Tariq Alazab
Fall Semester
2016/17
February 17, 2020
STUDENT DECLARATION OF OWN WORK
We hereby declare and confirm with our signatures that the work submitted in this project final report is exclusively our own. We have taken care in all respect to honor the intellectual property right and have acknowledged the contribution of others through proper citing and referencing in the report. We are fully aware that any copying or improper citation of other work used in this report will be considered plagiarism, which is a clear violation of the Code of Ethics of Applied Science University.
Student’s Name: Ahmed AldobiSignature:Date:
Student’s Name: Ahmed GuzlanSignature:Date:
Student’s Name: Faisal ShlashdahSignature:Date:
Student’s Name: Mohammed AlesaeiSignature:Date:
Abstract:
The concept of green building related to many parameters that is basically interrelated to the building design and structure style, energy efficiency and saving, water management and minimizing any CO2 emission by working systems and occupants within the building. This building style reducing the environmental impact and improve the sustainability and lowering both initial and running costs of building. So, it is really efficient, attractive and got international scientific and technical standardization and implantation in developed countries.
Introduction:
In green building, space heating/cooling, ventilation and air-conditioning are the main areas where considerable amount of energy can be saved. Green building control strategies use various concepts of natural heating/cooling, ventilation and air-conditioning. Heating/cooling of building, air conditioning and ventilation are complimentary to each other and maintain freshness, temperature, comfort level. Air conditioning and ventilation are the main pillar of building heating/cooling process. Efficient ventilation helps to increase efficiency, energy conservation and cure health problems. Ventilation process maintains air quality, supplies fresh air to a space and replaces stale air. It removes bacteria, smoke, moisture, dirty things. Air infiltration should be properly controlled to conserve energy. Process of heating, cooling, ventilation, air conditioning can be achieved by passive/natural or active/artificial or combination of them. In natural the air flows due to natural wind and buoyancy. It conserves the energy and suitable only for day time. It can’t be used during night time and in existence of pollutants. Active/mechanical/artificial ventilation is good for day and night times both for heating/cooling. It provides ...
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For more info, visit ZehnderAmerica.com
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OverviewHeating and Cooling SystemsA person’s comfort in an en.docx
Overview
Heating and Cooling Systems
A person’s comfort in an environment depends on the temperature, relative humidity, mean radiant temperature, and air movement. A weatherization service provider should be aware of these four factors.
There are many types of heating and cooling systems that may be present in homes that need to be weatherized. A weatherization service provider should be able to differentiate between the types of systems and recognize problems with a system.
Lastly, a weatherization service provider should be able to detect leaks in duct systems using various testing methods. After the leaks have been discovered, the provider should be able to seal the leaks to improve the efficiency of the system.
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
6A
analyze the myriad of factors that influence human comfort.
6B
recall the differences between various state-of-the-art home heating and cooling systems.
6C
list the various tests that can be used to detect home heating/cooling system leaks.
6D
explain the various methods used to seal duct leaks in homes.
Module 5 Reading Assignment
Krigger, J., & Dorsi, C. (2012). Residential Energy: Cost Savings and Comfort for Existing Buildings (6th ed.). Helena: Saturn Resource Management, Inc. Chapters 3 (pp. 86-100), 6, and 8.
Supplemental Reading Assignments (Required):
EERE (2011). HVAC: a guide for contractors to share with homeowners (Report No. PNNL-20241). Washington, D.C.: Buildings technologies program (pp. 1-68).
EPA (2009). A guide to energy efficient heating and cooling[Brochure]. Washington, D.C., (pp. 1-24).
EPA (2009). Duct sealing [Brochure]. Washington, D.C., (pp. 1-5).
Friedman, G. (2004). “Too hot/too cold diagnosing occupant complaints.” ASHRAE, (pp. 157-163).
Lecture Notes
Heating and Cooling Systems
There are four factors that contribute to a person’s comfort in a particular environment: air temperature, relative humidity, the mean radiant temperature, and the presence of air movement. When the temperature, moisture, radiant temperatures, and moving air are controlled in any environment, people will be comfortable.
Relative Humidity
The amount of moisture in the air is one of the factors that directly affects comfort whether a person is inside or outside. Relative Humidity (RH) is the amount of moisture in the air compared to the total amount of water that could be in the air if it were totally saturated. A weatherization service provider can measure relative humidity using a hygrometer or a relative humidity and temperature meter. A psychrometer is a basic hygrometer that is made of two thermometers. A reading of 50 percent relative humidity means that the air, at a specific temperature, contains 50 percent of the total amount of water it is capable of maintaining for saturation.
Mean Radiant Temperature
The mean radiant temperature is the average temperature of the surfaces in the environment. Warm air can hold more moi.
Geothermal Heating & Cooling Systems (Residential &
Geothermal heating and cooling systems utilize the stable temperature of the earth to provide heating and cooling for buildings. They work by exchanging heat with the ground through a network of pipes buried either vertically or horizontally. Key components include a heat pump, distribution system inside the building, and ground loop system exchanging heat with the earth. Geothermal systems provide sustainability benefits like reduced fossil fuel usage and carbon emissions. They can lower energy costs significantly compared to conventional systems over the lifetime of the system. Proper system design considers factors like heating/cooling loads, soil conditions, and local climate.
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This document discusses greenhouse cooling and heating systems. It describes how ventilation systems work using mechanical fans or natural thermal buoyancy and wind. Two common evaporative cooling systems are described: fan and pad systems that pull air through wet pads, and fog systems that disperse fine water droplets. Factors that influence the effectiveness of these systems are discussed. The document also covers greenhouse shading and factors to consider for heating systems.
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Rethinking Thermal Comfort
- 2. Convection vs. Conduction vs. Radiation Conduction: heat exchange between the contact of skin and surfaces that have a differential temperature Convection: heat exchange between the skin and the surrounding air (natural & forced) Radiation: heat exchange between the skin and the surrounding surfaces via electromagnetic radiation
- 3. New (not really) Concept & Issues Creating Comfortable People, not Places Simple Concept: Energy is focused on creating comfortable environments for people. Rest is waste. New Buildings vs. Old Buildings New Buildings Emphasis on high performance building design and natural orientation High Performance Building Design: adaptation to the local climate; location consideration, orientation/shape, appropriate building materials, natural cooling and ventilation considerations; tight building envelope Existing Buildings Focus more on control systems and efficiency efforts (upgrading windows, HVAC system, air leakage control, etc.)
- 4. Staying Cool in a Warm Place Problem with cooling with AC Usage not spread equally: Summer Month Concentration Leak of Refrigerants: Higher Global Warming Potential than CO2 Air in enclosed space needs to be refrigerated, dehumidified Requires airtight, enclosed space to be effective Heat-Canyon Effect AC heats up the streets by blowing warm air -> Need more AC
- 5. Circulating Fans Cooling Effect Air speed 1 m/s: cooling effect of ~5⁰F Air speed 3 m/s: cooling effect of ~7⁰F Lower air humidity; greater cooling effect of given air speed Energy Efficiency Potential Used in combination with AC: can lower energy usage by 30- 70% even in hot/humid climates Can work in combination of slow acting cooling systems, thus shortening start-up times 2013 Berkeley Study Subjects comfortable in 86⁰F, 60% relative humidity, air speed 1.2 m/s Maximum tolerance in 86⁰F, 80% relative humidity, air speed 1.6 m/s
- 6. Examples of Circulating Fans Aeratron Fan E503 4-8 watts for normal usage Industrial Fan
- 7. Staying Warm in a Cool Place Problem with heating currently Requires airtight, enclosed space to be effective Leaks due to the Building Envelope => wasting energy Dependent on size of room/building Distribution of “warmth” throughout the area Unequal and Uneven
- 8. Local Heating Fireplace Tile Stove Infrared Heating Panels (electricity or water-operated)
- 9. Thermally Active Building Surfaces Distribution of their warmth evenly throughout a space Can’t give off heat quickly Energy savings small unless heated via solar collector or heat pump
- 10. Ancient Roman Bath House
- 11. Other Interesting Possibilities… Cool/Heat the Body, then the Home Clothes as a means of dynamic thermal comfort Nano-robots that allow clothing transition (ex: short sleeve <-> long sleeve; thin <-> thick) Heated Clothes, “Cooling” Clothes Personal Climate Control Systems http://spectrum.ieee.org/energywise/energy/the-smarter-grid/arpae- funding-personal-climate-control-systems-with-robots-foot-coolers-and- more Comfort “Islands” Dynamic Building Materials Trap/Release Heat whenever necessary