The respiratory system is made up of organs that help deliver oxygen to the body and remove carbon dioxide. It has two main parts - the upper respiratory tract which includes the nose, mouth, pharynx and larynx, and the lower respiratory tract which includes the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and lungs. The lungs contain alveoli which allow for gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and air. During breathing, the diaphragm and rib muscles work to expand and contract the chest cavity to inhale air into the lungs and exhale carbon dioxide out.

1. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Made up of organs in our body that helps us breath
GOAL: 1. deliver oxygen to the body
2. Take away carbon dioxide
BANAGAO BATAAN BOTIGAN CALICA CAPITO

2. RESPIRATORY
RESPIRATION
BREATHING The process of inhaling oxygen and
Exhaling carbon dioxide.
VENTILATION

3. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
2 PARTS
UPPER RESPIRATORY
TRACT
• NOSE/NASAL CAVITY
• MOUTH/ORAL CAVITY
• PHARYNX
• LARYNX
• TRACHEA (the section that takes
air in and lets it out.)
LOWER RESPIRATORY
TRACT
• TRACHEA
• BRONCHI (BRONCHUS)
• BRONCHIOLES ( BRONCHEOLI)
• LUNGS
• ALVEOLI (ALVEOLUS)
*DIAPHGRAM

4. NOSE/NASAL CAVITY
DESCRIPTION:
• PRIMARY OPENING FOR THE
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.
• MADE UP OF BONE, MUSCLE
AND CARTILAGE.
• CAVITY WITHIN YOUR NOSE
• FILLED WITH MUCUS
MEMBRANES AND HAIRS.
FUNCTION:
• USED TO INHAIL AIR INTO THE
BODY.
• WARMS THE AIR AS IT ENTERS.
• FILTERS & PURIFIES THE AIR
BEFORE IT PASSES TO THE INNER
BODY.

6. MOUTH/ORAL CAVITY
DESCRIPTION:
• SECONDARY EXTERIOR
OPENING.
• MAJORITY OF RESPIRATION IS
ACHIEVED BY NOSE & NASAL
CAVITY BUT MOUTH CAN BE
USED IF NEEDED.
• NO HAIRS FOR FILTERING
PROCESS.
FUNCTION:
• IT ALLOWS MORE INHALATION.

8. PHARYNX
(THROAT)
DESCRIPTION:
• FUNNEL LIKE
• EXTENDS FROM ESOPHAGUS TO
LARYNX.
FUNCTION:
• USE FOR SWALLOWING FOOD
AND BREATHING
• THIS IS WHERE THE AIR INHALED
ENTERS AFTER INHALATION.
• DESCENDS INTO THE LARYNX VIA
DIVERSION OF EPIGLOTTIS
ENSURES:
• THAT AIR CAN PASS
INTO THE TRACHEA.
• FOOD ENTERS THE
ESOPHAGUS.

10. LARYNX
(VOICE BOX)
DESCRIPTION:
• BELOW THE PHARYNX.
• ANTERIOR PORTION OF THE
NECK.
FUNCTION:
• ACTS AS A DEFENSE
MECHANISM
- if any food passes into the
esophagus when swallowing, the
larynx produces a strong cough
reflex.

12. TRACHEA
(WINDPIPE)
DESCRIPTION:
• TUBE MADE OF CARTILAGE RINGS
• LINED WITH PSEUDOSTRATIFIED
CILIATED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
FUNCTION:
• PROVIDES A CLEAR AND
UNHINDERED AIRWAY FOR AIR TO
ENTER AND EXIT THE LUNGS.
*inside the trachea, small hairs
reside upon the inner walls.
-These hair catch dust and
other contaminants from inhaled air
and later expelled via coughing.

14. BRONCHI
DESCRIPTION:
• 2 TUBES AT THE END OF
TRACHEA.
• EACH TUBE (BRONCHUS) IS
CONNECTED TO A LUNG.
FUNCTION:
• CONNECTS THE WINDPIPE TO
THE LUNGS.
• ALLOWS AIR FROM EXTERNAL
RESPIRATORY OPENINGS TO
PASS EFFICIENTLY INTO THE
LUNGS.
• ONCE IN THE LUNGS, BRONCHI
BEGIN TO BRANCH OUT INTO
SECONDARY, SMALLER BRONCHI,
COINED TERTIARY BRONCHI.

16. BRONCHIOLES
DESCRIPTION:
• TERTIARY BRONCHI
FUNCTION:
• LEADS TO ALVEOLAR SACS,
WHICH ARE SACS CONTAINING
ALVEOLI.

18. LUNGS
DESCRIPTION:
• A PAIR OF ORGANS FOUND IN ALL
VERTEBRATES.
• MAIN ORGAN OF THE RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM.
FUNCTION:
• SITE IN THE BODY WHERE OXYGEN
IS TAKEN INTO AND CARBON
DIOXIDE IS EXPELLED OUT.
- the red blood cells present in
the blood picks up the oxygen in the
lungs and carry then distribute the
oxygen to all body cells that need it.
- the red blood cells donate
the oxygen to the cells and picks up
the carbon dioxide produced by the
cells.

20. ALVEOLI
(ALVEOLUS)
DESCRIPTION:
• TINY SACS
• HOLLOW, INDIVIDUAL CAVITIES
FOUND WITHIN ALVEOLAR SACS.
• HAVE EXTREMELY THIN WALLS
• THERE ARE ESTIMATED TO BE 3
MILLION ALVEOLI IN THE AVERAGE
LUNG.
FUNCTION:
• ALLOWS THE EXCHANGE OF
OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE TO
TAKE PLACE WITHIN THE LUNGS.

22. DIAPHGRAM
DESCRIPTION:
• DOME-SHAPED MUSCLE
• IMPORTANT MUSCLE OF
RESPIRATION
• SITUATED BENEATH THE LUNGS
FUNCTION:
• CONTRACTS AND EXPAND THE
SPACE INSIDE THE THORACIC
CAVITY.
• BREATH IN=CONTRACTS AND
FLATTEN OUT AND PULL
DOWNWARD.
• BREATH OUT=EXPANDS AND
REDUCES THE AMOUNT OF
SPACE FOR THE LUNGS AND
FORCES IT OUT.

24. HOW IT WORKS?
During inhalation – the muscles contract:
 Contraction of the diaphragm muscle – causes the
diaphragm to flatten, thus enlarging the chest cavity.
 Contraction of the rib muscles – causes the ribs to
rise, thus increasing the chest volume.
 The chest cavity expands, thus reducing air
pressure and causing air to be passively drawn into
the lungs. Air passes from the high pressure outside
the lungs to the low pressure inside the lungs.
During exhalation – the muscles relax:
 The muscles are no longer contracting, they are
relaxed.
 The diaphragm curves and rises, the ribs descend –
and chest volume decreases.
 The chest cavity contracts thus increasing air
pressure and causing the air in the lungs to be
expelled through the upper respiratory tract.
Exhalation, too, is passive. Air passes from the high
pressure in the lungs to the low pressure in the upper
respiratory tract.

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