Bottled balloons -group5
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This document describes a model of the respiratory system using balloons and straws. The plastic bottle represents the chest cavity, straws represent bronchi, small balloons represent lungs, and large balloons/cellophane represent the diaphragm. Pulling down the diaphragm balloon causes the lung balloons to expand, representing inhalation. Pushing up the diaphragm balloon causes the lung balloons to contract, representing exhalation. The diaphragm controls air moving in and out of the lungs by changing the chest cavity size and pressure.
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The document describes how lungs work with the help of the diaphragm muscle. It explains that inhaling occurs when the diaphragm contracts, pulling down and expanding the chest cavity so that air is drawn into the lungs. Exhaling happens when the diaphragm relaxes and the chest cavity decreases in size, pushing the air out of the lungs. The diaphragm is essential to breathing by controlling the movement of air in and out of the lungs.
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The document summarizes the process of human respiration through a model using balloons, tubes, and a bottle. It includes a diagram labeling the parts as they inflate and deflate in sync with the diaphragm. Additionally, it provides questions and answers explaining how movement of the diaphragm causes inhalation and exhalation by increasing and decreasing the pressure and volume of the lungs and chest cavity. The conclusion restates that contraction of the diaphragm allows inhalation while relaxation causes exhalation through changing internal lung pressure.
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This document describes a model of the human respiratory system using plastic bottles, straws, and balloons. The model represents the chest cavity, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. When the diaphragm balloon is pulled down, it contracts and the chest cavity expands, lowering pressure and allowing air to enter the lungs. When the balloon is pushed up, the diaphragm and chest relax, pressure increases, and air exits the lungs. The diaphragm's movement is key to breathing in and out. Puncturing the diaphragm balloon would disable it and prevent normal respiration, potentially causing disease or death.
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The respiratory system involves air entering the nose and traveling through the trachea, which divides into two branches called bronchi. The bronchi subdivide many times inside the lungs, forming hairlike tubes called bronchioles. At the end of the bronchioles are tiny bubble-like structures called alveoli. When breathing in, the diaphragm contracts, and when breathing out, it relaxes to help air in and out of the lungs. The circulatory system involves blood traveling from the heart through the bloodstream to cells, where oxygen is used and carbon dioxide is released as waste, before blood returns to the heart and lungs to release carbon dioxide. The heart is a hollow muscular organ divided into four chambers -
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Solution
Pleura is the outer covering on the lungs.These are two membranous strcutures called visceral
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ONE:
We have to be able to breathe in order to live. Every cell in your body needs oxygen. The respiratory system works together to help you breathe. It moves fresh air (o2) into the body and gets waste gases (CO2) out of the body. This exchange of gases takes place in the lungs. Volume changes cause gas pressure changes in the thoracic cavity. These movements of air are from Boyle’s Law. Today I will explain these processes and how it relates to Boyle’s Law. I will also talk about how asthma is related.
Air flows from a high pressure to a low pressure along the pressure gradient. The pressure inside the lungs is called intrapulmonary pressure. The pressure here is higher than the pressure in the pleural cavity called intrapleural pressure. It is the difference that keeps the lungs inflated. If it were equal, the lungs would deflate which would not be good. Unlike intrapulmonary pressure and intrapleural pressure, atmospheric pressure is a set value of 760mmHg at sea level. It does not change while you breathe.
Boyle’s Law states that at constant temperature, the pressure of a gas decreases if the volume of the container increases and vice versa. So, volume and pressure are inversely related. Air does not move if the pressure is equal. During inhalation of normal breathing (quiet breathing), the diaphragm contracts and becomes flat. The external intercostal muscles contract, ribs are pushed outwards and upwards and the sternum is lifted up. The intrapulmonary area enlarges and intrapulmonary pressure reduces compared to atmospheric pressure. It decreases from 760mmHg to 759mmHg which will make air come into the lungs. During exhalation, it does the opposite. The diaphragm relaxes and becomes dome- shaped and there is relaxation of external intercostal muscles. The ribs and sternum are pulled in. Intrapulmonary area decreases and lungs show elastic recoil. When intrapulmonary pressure is 761mmHg, air goes out of the lungs.
If anything in the process of Boyle’s Law is affected or not just right, then asthma can develop. Asthma is an inflammatory lung disease that is marked by bronchoconstriction. The airways are narrow or even obstructed. Extra mucus is produced, making breathing nearly impossible. Allergens such as pollen can trigger symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, tightness in chest and shortness of breath. Other triggers can be cold air, cigarette smoke or physical activity. The list goes on and on and varies from one person to another. Some cases of asthma are so serious that a person would need to carry around an inhaler with them at all times. Life or death kind of a thing. Inhalers can reduce the inflammation. Another treatment option may include bronchodilators that open up the airway. Asthma can be controlled. Some young children with mild cases of asthma have even “grown out of” asthma symptoms.
In conclusion, you can see how important and complex the respiratory syst.
Respiration notes
1. Respiration is the process by which energy is released from food molecules through oxidation. It occurs through aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration fully breaks down glucose and releases more energy, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and releases less energy.
2. The respiratory system includes the nose, throat, windpipe, lungs, and alveoli. Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli through diffusion. Breathing is the process of inhaling and exhaling that supplies the alveoli with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.
3. Smoking has negative health effects and increases the risk of diseases like cancer, bronchitis, emphysema and heart disease due to chemicals like nicotine
Breathing
The document provides information about breathing and respiration. It discusses the structure of the lungs including the trachea, bronchi, alveoli and diaphragm. It explains how breathing works through inhaling and exhaling, and how gas exchange occurs in the alveoli. Breathing and respiration are processes that involve changing lung size to move air in and out, releasing energy through cellular processes using oxygen and glucose.
PHYSIOLOGY OF RESPIRATION.pptx
This document summarizes the physiology of respiration. It describes pulmonary ventilation as the process of breathing involving air exchange between the lungs and atmosphere. Inspiration occurs when intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract, enlarging the thoracic cavity and decreasing pressure to draw air into the lungs. Expiration is passive, as muscles relax and lungs recoil, increasing pressure to expel air. It also defines lung volumes like tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume.
6.4 Gas Exchange
This document discusses gas exchange and ventilation in the human respiratory system. It explains that ventilation is the flow of air into and out of the lungs, allowing for oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse between the alveoli and blood. Gas exchange then occurs as oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse between the capillaries and alveoli. A ventilation system is needed for organisms with internal organs to deliver oxygen throughout the body. Features of alveoli like their spherical shape and thin walls promote efficient gas exchange. The document then describes the mechanisms of inhalation and exhalation through muscle contractions that decrease and increase the volume of the thoracic cavity.
The Human Respiratory System
The document provides information about the human respiratory system. It describes the key parts of the respiratory system including the nostrils, nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs and diaphragm. It explains that the respiratory system works to intake oxygen and remove carbon dioxide through the process of breathing, which involves inspiration and expiration achieved through contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm and chest muscles. Gas exchange takes place in the alveoli of the lungs, where oxygen passes into the blood and carbon dioxide passes out.
The human respiratory system ppt.1pptx
The human respiratory system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, diaphragm and intercostal muscles. Air enters the lungs through the nose and mouth, and passes through the trachea into the bronchi and bronchioles before reaching the alveoli in the lungs. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are passively exchanged between the alveolar air and blood through the process of diffusion. Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles during inhalation lowers the pressure in the thoracic cavity, drawing air into the lungs. During exhalation, relaxation of these muscles increases pressure and pushes air out.
The human respiratory system
The human respiratory system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, diaphragm and intercostal muscles. Air enters the body through the nose and travels through the trachea into the lungs. In the lungs, oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the bloodstream and into the air sacs. The diaphragm and intercostal muscles help draw air into and push air out of the lungs during breathing.
Chapter 10 respiration
Respiration is the process by which living cells break down food molecules like glucose to release energy. Aerobic respiration uses oxygen to completely oxidize glucose, producing more energy than anaerobic respiration which does not require oxygen. The human respiratory system evolved to efficiently bring oxygen into the body from the air and remove carbon dioxide through a network of organs including the lungs, trachea, and diaphragm.
Mechanism of respiration
This document discusses the process of respiration in three parts: pulmonary ventilation/breathing, external/pulmonary respiration, and internal/tissue respiration. It describes in detail the mechanisms of inhalation and exhalation during pulmonary ventilation. Inhalation is an active process involving contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles, which decreases intrapleural pressure and increases lung volume. Exhalation is a passive process involving elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall. Factors like alveolar surface tension, lung compliance, and airway resistance can affect pulmonary ventilation.
Chapter 10 respiration
Respiration is the process by which living cells break down food molecules to release energy. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, while anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen. Humans have developed respiratory systems to facilitate the exchange of these gases between the environment and cells. The human respiratory system includes the trachea, lungs, diaphragm, and other structures. Breathing is driven by contractions of the diaphragm and ribs, which increase the thoracic cavity's volume and draw air into the lungs. Exhalation occurs when these structures relax and the cavity's volume decreases, pushing air back out.
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Bottled balloons -group5
- 2. GUIDE QUESTIONS What parts of the lungs your model represent? Plastic bottle- Chest cavity Straws- Bronchi Small Balloons- Lungs Large Balloons/Cellophane- Diaphragm What happens as you pull down the balloon? As the balloon/cellophane is pulled downward , the small balloons expand. This shows that as we inhale, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward and air is forced in. What happens as you push up the balloon? The smaller balloons contracts. This means that as we exhale the diaphragm relaxes and the lungs contract.
- 3. How does the movement of the diaphragm cause the air to go in and out of the lungs? As we inhale the diaphragm contracts and the chest cavity as well as the lungs expand. There is now more space and less air pressure. Now, because of the higher air pressure outside the lungs, air pushes into the lungs where there is low pressure. The reverse action happens when we exhale. The diaphragm relax and the lungs contracts. There is now less space and greater air pressure inside the lungs. It pushes the air outside where there is lower pressure. What will happen if you prick the balloon? The balloon represents the diaphragm of the respiratory system. If it is pricked or somehow damaged, the whole system will fail, and a person with a damaged diaphragm will eventually die.
- 4. CONCLUSIONS The experiment shows a more definite explanation about how the lungs work. It also explained the connection of how the air goes to the lungs and the air pressures outside and inside the body. The diaphragm plays an important role in respiration, because without it we cannot take in air that carries oxygen which is necessary for cellular respiration. And take out carbon dioxide that may harm us if it is not taken out.