This document discusses building resiliency in cities and the built environment. It outlines five key characteristics of resiliency: multifunctionality, redundancy, diversity, connectivity of networks, and adaptive planning. Various case studies and strategies are provided to illustrate how these characteristics can be integrated into the design process to create more resilient urban environments that can better adapt to changes and disturbances over time.
This is a presentation I have given for a group of students, which are joining for a study trip to Copenhagen and Malmo. The study trip is focussing on innovative ideas and cases with show cases in the two cities around the three core topics of this excursion: 1. Urban Metabolism 2. Urban Food 3. Urban Climate. My presentation was a contribution to the topic "Urban Metabolism" and includes some of the ideas of our research group.
The trip has been organized by RUW, a Wageningen foundation. RUW organizes activities about "green issues" These activities facilitate the exchange of knowledge and views between students, scientists, policymakers, industry and other relevant actors. By its activities, RUW contributes to a dynamic platform for everybody who wants to discuss, share and gain knowledge about green issues such as group discussions, lectures, debates and excursions.
Theorizing Sustainable Design through Human Geographies, Key Note Paper, by Dr Tasleem Shakur
Email: shakurt@edgehill.ac.uk
e-journals: www.edgehill.ac.uk/gber www.edgehill.ac.uk/icdes/sacs
This document outlines a presentation on urban ecological tools given at a conference on October 21, 2012. It discusses how urban agriculture is transforming underutilized urban sites, and presents three frameworks for planning new uses of these sites: site evaluation, urban ecology, and consensus building. For site evaluation, the presentation examines how to match a site's characteristics and limitations with appropriate uses. The urban ecology framework analyzes the flows of resources, people, and materials within a city. The consensus building framework discusses expanding partnerships, managing stakeholder expectations, and creating long-term community visions. Case studies of specific projects in Kansas, Connecticut, Chicago, and Boston are provided. The presentation concludes by noting urban agriculture is not always the best use and other
Gated community - towards a sustainable green infrastructureharini nandalal
This document provides details about a research paper presented by S. Harini at an urban design conference in October 2016. The research examines ways to create sustainable infrastructure development within gated communities. It discusses parameters for sustainable development such as solid waste management, storm water management, and utilizing solar energy. Specifically, it focuses on implementing vermicomposting to manage solid waste, using techniques like rainwater harvesting and permeable pavements to manage stormwater, and harvesting solar energy through methods like solar panels. The document provides case studies and recommendations for policies to mandate adopting these sustainable practices within gated communities in India.
Groups make decisions to change direction and individuals alter their behavior. The document discusses various public involvement methods like workshops, study circles, and town halls that can be used at different stages of the decision making process. It also discusses the complexity of decisions based on factors like whether the decision is routine or controversial, technical or values-based. The most appropriate level of public involvement depends on these complexities and whether the goal is to inform, generate ideas, or develop collaborative action.
This document discusses the principles of New Urbanism and its goal of reintroducing urban centers and qualities to city planning. It begins by describing how post-World War II development led to isolated, car-centric communities that lacked the mixed-use, walkable neighborhoods characteristic of traditional urban planning. New Urbanism began in the 1970s-80s to address this by creating neighborhoods and urban centers with human-scale design. The document then outlines some of New Urbanism's key design principles, such as creating walkable communities with a mix of uses and civic spaces embedded within neighborhoods.
This document discusses various concepts and theories of urbanism. It begins by defining urbanism and the study of urban societies and city planning. It then discusses perspectives on how people live in densely populated areas from sociological and other lenses. It outlines different frameworks for urban planning practices around the world. It also discusses concepts like network urbanism, which applies network thinking to urban planning in response to issues with zone-based conceptions. The document also discusses mainstream vs alternative urbanism and outlines various spheres of urban design practice. It proposes new concepts are needed to embrace networks in urban planning and adapt to changing technological and social contexts. Pragmatism is discussed as a philosophical approach to urbanism emphasizing inclusion, experimentation and democracy
Dokumen tersebut membahas konsep-konsep perencanaan kota yang berkelanjutan seperti new urbanism, compact city, mixed-use, vertical housing, dan transit oriented development (TOD). Konsep-konsep ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan penggunaan ruang kota yang ada, mengurangi penggunaan kendaraan pribadi, dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup perkotaan.
This is a presentation I have given for a group of students, which are joining for a study trip to Copenhagen and Malmo. The study trip is focussing on innovative ideas and cases with show cases in the two cities around the three core topics of this excursion: 1. Urban Metabolism 2. Urban Food 3. Urban Climate. My presentation was a contribution to the topic "Urban Metabolism" and includes some of the ideas of our research group.
The trip has been organized by RUW, a Wageningen foundation. RUW organizes activities about "green issues" These activities facilitate the exchange of knowledge and views between students, scientists, policymakers, industry and other relevant actors. By its activities, RUW contributes to a dynamic platform for everybody who wants to discuss, share and gain knowledge about green issues such as group discussions, lectures, debates and excursions.
Theorizing Sustainable Design through Human Geographies, Key Note Paper, by Dr Tasleem Shakur
Email: shakurt@edgehill.ac.uk
e-journals: www.edgehill.ac.uk/gber www.edgehill.ac.uk/icdes/sacs
This document outlines a presentation on urban ecological tools given at a conference on October 21, 2012. It discusses how urban agriculture is transforming underutilized urban sites, and presents three frameworks for planning new uses of these sites: site evaluation, urban ecology, and consensus building. For site evaluation, the presentation examines how to match a site's characteristics and limitations with appropriate uses. The urban ecology framework analyzes the flows of resources, people, and materials within a city. The consensus building framework discusses expanding partnerships, managing stakeholder expectations, and creating long-term community visions. Case studies of specific projects in Kansas, Connecticut, Chicago, and Boston are provided. The presentation concludes by noting urban agriculture is not always the best use and other
Gated community - towards a sustainable green infrastructureharini nandalal
This document provides details about a research paper presented by S. Harini at an urban design conference in October 2016. The research examines ways to create sustainable infrastructure development within gated communities. It discusses parameters for sustainable development such as solid waste management, storm water management, and utilizing solar energy. Specifically, it focuses on implementing vermicomposting to manage solid waste, using techniques like rainwater harvesting and permeable pavements to manage stormwater, and harvesting solar energy through methods like solar panels. The document provides case studies and recommendations for policies to mandate adopting these sustainable practices within gated communities in India.
Groups make decisions to change direction and individuals alter their behavior. The document discusses various public involvement methods like workshops, study circles, and town halls that can be used at different stages of the decision making process. It also discusses the complexity of decisions based on factors like whether the decision is routine or controversial, technical or values-based. The most appropriate level of public involvement depends on these complexities and whether the goal is to inform, generate ideas, or develop collaborative action.
This document discusses the principles of New Urbanism and its goal of reintroducing urban centers and qualities to city planning. It begins by describing how post-World War II development led to isolated, car-centric communities that lacked the mixed-use, walkable neighborhoods characteristic of traditional urban planning. New Urbanism began in the 1970s-80s to address this by creating neighborhoods and urban centers with human-scale design. The document then outlines some of New Urbanism's key design principles, such as creating walkable communities with a mix of uses and civic spaces embedded within neighborhoods.
This document discusses various concepts and theories of urbanism. It begins by defining urbanism and the study of urban societies and city planning. It then discusses perspectives on how people live in densely populated areas from sociological and other lenses. It outlines different frameworks for urban planning practices around the world. It also discusses concepts like network urbanism, which applies network thinking to urban planning in response to issues with zone-based conceptions. The document also discusses mainstream vs alternative urbanism and outlines various spheres of urban design practice. It proposes new concepts are needed to embrace networks in urban planning and adapt to changing technological and social contexts. Pragmatism is discussed as a philosophical approach to urbanism emphasizing inclusion, experimentation and democracy
Dokumen tersebut membahas konsep-konsep perencanaan kota yang berkelanjutan seperti new urbanism, compact city, mixed-use, vertical housing, dan transit oriented development (TOD). Konsep-konsep ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan penggunaan ruang kota yang ada, mengurangi penggunaan kendaraan pribadi, dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup perkotaan.
This document summarizes and compares two experimental urbanism projects - Civano in Arizona, USA and Auroville in India - that aimed to develop sustainable communities through green design approaches. Civano's master plan focused on reducing energy/water consumption and automobile dependence through compact, mixed-use development connected by walking/biking paths. Auroville addressed broader issues like organic food, renewable energy, construction materials, and pollution through community-level experiments in architecture, planning and governance. Both projects demonstrate how pedestrian-prioritized design, renewable technologies, and local resource management can foster more sustainable urban forms.
Gynie process journal report compilationG-ny Gynie
This document provides information about an underground city called Derinkuyu in Cappadocia, Turkey. It describes Derinkuyu as the largest of the underground complexes in Cappadocia, with up to 18 storeys reaching 85 meters deep. It housed up to 20,000 people and had features like ventilation shafts, living quarters, shops, wells, and escape routes. The complex also included churches, food stores, livestock stalls, schools, and graveyards. It had an underground river and irrigation system to supply drinking water.
Sustainability in Architecture and Urban Design_IrenaIrena Itova
Sustainable architecture seeks to minimize environmental impacts through efficient design, using renewable materials, and producing zero waste and pollution. It considers buildings as interconnected systems that function with the ecosystem. Principles of sustainable design include climate-responsive design using renewable energy, optimizing resource consumption, and prioritizing end-user comfort and social needs through mixed-use, walkable spaces and urban farming. Sustainable urban design connects buildings into efficient networks at local, city and regional levels through sustainable transportation and infrastructure systems.
This document outlines five visions for how cities may manage water needs and resilience by 2065. Vision 1 depicts cities with more food grown in and on buildings, utilizing highly monitored and managed water systems spanning the city, catchment areas and underground geology to support climate-resilient drainage and food production. Vision 2 features cities designed to withstand sea level rise, extreme rainfall and floodplain expansion through flood-proofing existing areas and building new floating cities. Vision 3 portrays smart homes and networks that optimize water supply and demand through internet-connected appliances and data hubs. Vision 4 describes harnessing deep geology beneath cities for effective drainage, water, heating and cooling infrastructure. Vision 5 shows utility-run programs transitioning communities to more
This literature review examines city forms and infrastructure related to wastewater management. It explores resilient and distributed city models using nodes and networks. The concept of an "ecological cyborg" that integrates technology and ecology is discussed. Case studies show how Singapore and other cities have integrated natural landscapes with infrastructure. The review aims to inform alternative wastewater network designs that improve city resilience.
The document discusses the public realm as sustainable design. It defines the public realm as any accessible space like parks, plazas, and streets. Historically, public open spaces became integral to city planning in the 1800s-1930s as a reaction to overcrowded cities. Sustainable design considers social, economic, and environmental factors. Examples of sustainable public spaces given are Central Park in New York and parks in Sydney post-Olympics. Rating systems can be used to measure sustainability but should not override good design. Equal access to green space improves quality of life.
Ecosystem services for watershed management, Water Planning,Riccardo Rigon
i. The document discusses planning for ecosystem services in watershed management and urban water sectors. It explores boundary work practices and frameworks for designing watershed investments.
ii. A case study in Germany analyzes boundary work activities that helped transfer scientific knowledge into watershed management actions. The study evaluates factors like credibility, saliency and legitimacy.
iii. The document proposes a process-based approach to design watershed investment portfolios that maximize benefits like water security, poverty reduction, and soil erosion control. It assesses investment performance and impact on ecosystem services.
This document summarizes Andrea Mantecon Guillen's 2018 portfolio from the Master of Architecture in Collective Housing program. It presents a variety of individual and group projects covering topics such as re-purposing abandoned factories, rural living, and the relationship between architecture and nature. The portfolio demonstrates the program's intensive workshop format led by guest architects, focusing on housing at various scales. It explores collective housing as a way to study and support current and future societies through architectural problem solving.
The document summarizes a presentation on developing sustainable comprehensive plans. It discusses emerging sustainability issues and trends, defines sustainability, and provides examples of sustainable comprehensive plans. It then outlines how sustainability can be integrated into the typical comprehensive planning process, including outreach, analysis, plan development, and implementation. Finally, it presents a case study of the Union County Comprehensive Plan, providing background on the county and how sustainability was incorporated.
The lecture presented at the Institute for Science, Innovation and Society at Oxford University, in June 2013, arguing the case for a 'clean, green, and smart' strategy of technological development, and a 'long and flat' strategy of physical development, for New Zealand's largest metropolitan area, Auckland.
how to write budget and time frame for research.pptxSinafikeBekele
The High Line park in New York City was created from an abandoned elevated railway on Manhattan's West Side. James Corner Field Operations designed the High Line to have a wild, natural landscape growing along the 1.5 mile long and 30-88 foot wide path. By 2010, the first section of the park opened to the public, revitalizing the neighborhoods along the High Line with new investment, residents, and businesses. The design incorporated the industrial materials and embedded tracks of the original railway into an unstructured planting system. This created a unique linear urban park experience above the city.
Leonardo Marques Monteiro - New Methods in Urban Simulationleo4mm
This document summarizes an ongoing urban design project in Sao Paulo, Brazil that aims to increase density and environmental quality in the city center. The project focuses on redeveloping two specific areas, Barra Funda and Luz, through environmental assessments and urban design proposals. The goals are to create sustainable urban spaces, improve environmental quality, and achieve socio-economic benefits by increasing population density within environmental limits. Design considerations include solar access, air quality, water management, energy efficiency, and defining what constitutes "environmental quality" in the local context.
Lene POULSEN "A system approach for valuation of sustainable dryland and drou...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document discusses economic assessments of policies and practices for sustainable land management in drylands. It notes that drylands are complex social-ecological systems characterized by heterogeneity, interconnection, non-linearity and emergence. The ecosystem services approach and building resilience are presented as means to manage these complex systems. Recommendations are made for future research to better model dynamic relationships, feedback loops, thresholds, and the role of socioeconomic factors in dryland systems.
Presentation given by Damian Maye at the FoodMetres results briefing on 24th September in Brussels. More information about Damian can be found: http://www.ccri.ac.uk/maye/
The document discusses ideas for ensuring world-class civic amenities in future Indian cities through sustainable urban planning and development. It proposes ideas in several areas: smarter building and urban planning using green roofs and permeable pavement; an ultra-light rail public transportation system; open defecation free cities and improved sanitation systems; preserving open spaces and implementing riparian buffers to protect the environment; renewable energy sources like compressed air storage and increased solar/wind efficiency; and reducing waste through recycling and waste-to-energy plants. The goal is to plan cities that are socially inclusive, environmentally sustainable and promote economic development.
Promoting urban comfort in a compact futureSilvia Tavares
This document summarizes a study analyzing urban comfort in Christchurch, New Zealand before and after earthquakes damaged the city center. It assessed indicators of urban living, social/retreat spaces, local identity, recreation/gardening, and adaptation at three points: pre-earthquake, during temporary sites post-earthquake, and under the current blueprint/landscape. While some indicators like connection to outdoors were maintained, others like various space types and microclimate consideration are unclear. The document concludes that subtle shifts in public space control, social character and building heights were not fully considered, and recommends improvements like more small, wind-protected spaces and regulating north-facing building heights.
Smart Food Governance, Sustainability Transitions and City-Regions. Presentation given by Damian Maye at The Governance of the Smart Cities Food Agenda conference on 28 September at LabExpo Milan. More information on Damian can be found http://www.ccri.ac.uk/maye/
Ecosistema Urbano is an interdisciplinary design group based in Madrid that focuses on urban social design. They view design holistically by considering citizens, social dynamics, and relationships between people and their environment. Their approach centers around three main topics: social issues, the environment, and technology. They demonstrate three strategies through case studies in Madrid - transforming existing spaces, designing responsive environments, and raising environmental awareness. Their goal is to improve everyday life and social issues through collaborative, technology-driven design.
Following the 2008 "Re-imaging Cities: Urban Design After the Age of Oil symposium, Penn IUR solicited manuscripts on environmental and energy challenges and their effect on the redesign of urban environments.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
This document summarizes and compares two experimental urbanism projects - Civano in Arizona, USA and Auroville in India - that aimed to develop sustainable communities through green design approaches. Civano's master plan focused on reducing energy/water consumption and automobile dependence through compact, mixed-use development connected by walking/biking paths. Auroville addressed broader issues like organic food, renewable energy, construction materials, and pollution through community-level experiments in architecture, planning and governance. Both projects demonstrate how pedestrian-prioritized design, renewable technologies, and local resource management can foster more sustainable urban forms.
Gynie process journal report compilationG-ny Gynie
This document provides information about an underground city called Derinkuyu in Cappadocia, Turkey. It describes Derinkuyu as the largest of the underground complexes in Cappadocia, with up to 18 storeys reaching 85 meters deep. It housed up to 20,000 people and had features like ventilation shafts, living quarters, shops, wells, and escape routes. The complex also included churches, food stores, livestock stalls, schools, and graveyards. It had an underground river and irrigation system to supply drinking water.
Sustainability in Architecture and Urban Design_IrenaIrena Itova
Sustainable architecture seeks to minimize environmental impacts through efficient design, using renewable materials, and producing zero waste and pollution. It considers buildings as interconnected systems that function with the ecosystem. Principles of sustainable design include climate-responsive design using renewable energy, optimizing resource consumption, and prioritizing end-user comfort and social needs through mixed-use, walkable spaces and urban farming. Sustainable urban design connects buildings into efficient networks at local, city and regional levels through sustainable transportation and infrastructure systems.
This document outlines five visions for how cities may manage water needs and resilience by 2065. Vision 1 depicts cities with more food grown in and on buildings, utilizing highly monitored and managed water systems spanning the city, catchment areas and underground geology to support climate-resilient drainage and food production. Vision 2 features cities designed to withstand sea level rise, extreme rainfall and floodplain expansion through flood-proofing existing areas and building new floating cities. Vision 3 portrays smart homes and networks that optimize water supply and demand through internet-connected appliances and data hubs. Vision 4 describes harnessing deep geology beneath cities for effective drainage, water, heating and cooling infrastructure. Vision 5 shows utility-run programs transitioning communities to more
This literature review examines city forms and infrastructure related to wastewater management. It explores resilient and distributed city models using nodes and networks. The concept of an "ecological cyborg" that integrates technology and ecology is discussed. Case studies show how Singapore and other cities have integrated natural landscapes with infrastructure. The review aims to inform alternative wastewater network designs that improve city resilience.
The document discusses the public realm as sustainable design. It defines the public realm as any accessible space like parks, plazas, and streets. Historically, public open spaces became integral to city planning in the 1800s-1930s as a reaction to overcrowded cities. Sustainable design considers social, economic, and environmental factors. Examples of sustainable public spaces given are Central Park in New York and parks in Sydney post-Olympics. Rating systems can be used to measure sustainability but should not override good design. Equal access to green space improves quality of life.
Ecosystem services for watershed management, Water Planning,Riccardo Rigon
i. The document discusses planning for ecosystem services in watershed management and urban water sectors. It explores boundary work practices and frameworks for designing watershed investments.
ii. A case study in Germany analyzes boundary work activities that helped transfer scientific knowledge into watershed management actions. The study evaluates factors like credibility, saliency and legitimacy.
iii. The document proposes a process-based approach to design watershed investment portfolios that maximize benefits like water security, poverty reduction, and soil erosion control. It assesses investment performance and impact on ecosystem services.
This document summarizes Andrea Mantecon Guillen's 2018 portfolio from the Master of Architecture in Collective Housing program. It presents a variety of individual and group projects covering topics such as re-purposing abandoned factories, rural living, and the relationship between architecture and nature. The portfolio demonstrates the program's intensive workshop format led by guest architects, focusing on housing at various scales. It explores collective housing as a way to study and support current and future societies through architectural problem solving.
The document summarizes a presentation on developing sustainable comprehensive plans. It discusses emerging sustainability issues and trends, defines sustainability, and provides examples of sustainable comprehensive plans. It then outlines how sustainability can be integrated into the typical comprehensive planning process, including outreach, analysis, plan development, and implementation. Finally, it presents a case study of the Union County Comprehensive Plan, providing background on the county and how sustainability was incorporated.
The lecture presented at the Institute for Science, Innovation and Society at Oxford University, in June 2013, arguing the case for a 'clean, green, and smart' strategy of technological development, and a 'long and flat' strategy of physical development, for New Zealand's largest metropolitan area, Auckland.
how to write budget and time frame for research.pptxSinafikeBekele
The High Line park in New York City was created from an abandoned elevated railway on Manhattan's West Side. James Corner Field Operations designed the High Line to have a wild, natural landscape growing along the 1.5 mile long and 30-88 foot wide path. By 2010, the first section of the park opened to the public, revitalizing the neighborhoods along the High Line with new investment, residents, and businesses. The design incorporated the industrial materials and embedded tracks of the original railway into an unstructured planting system. This created a unique linear urban park experience above the city.
Leonardo Marques Monteiro - New Methods in Urban Simulationleo4mm
This document summarizes an ongoing urban design project in Sao Paulo, Brazil that aims to increase density and environmental quality in the city center. The project focuses on redeveloping two specific areas, Barra Funda and Luz, through environmental assessments and urban design proposals. The goals are to create sustainable urban spaces, improve environmental quality, and achieve socio-economic benefits by increasing population density within environmental limits. Design considerations include solar access, air quality, water management, energy efficiency, and defining what constitutes "environmental quality" in the local context.
Lene POULSEN "A system approach for valuation of sustainable dryland and drou...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document discusses economic assessments of policies and practices for sustainable land management in drylands. It notes that drylands are complex social-ecological systems characterized by heterogeneity, interconnection, non-linearity and emergence. The ecosystem services approach and building resilience are presented as means to manage these complex systems. Recommendations are made for future research to better model dynamic relationships, feedback loops, thresholds, and the role of socioeconomic factors in dryland systems.
Presentation given by Damian Maye at the FoodMetres results briefing on 24th September in Brussels. More information about Damian can be found: http://www.ccri.ac.uk/maye/
The document discusses ideas for ensuring world-class civic amenities in future Indian cities through sustainable urban planning and development. It proposes ideas in several areas: smarter building and urban planning using green roofs and permeable pavement; an ultra-light rail public transportation system; open defecation free cities and improved sanitation systems; preserving open spaces and implementing riparian buffers to protect the environment; renewable energy sources like compressed air storage and increased solar/wind efficiency; and reducing waste through recycling and waste-to-energy plants. The goal is to plan cities that are socially inclusive, environmentally sustainable and promote economic development.
Promoting urban comfort in a compact futureSilvia Tavares
This document summarizes a study analyzing urban comfort in Christchurch, New Zealand before and after earthquakes damaged the city center. It assessed indicators of urban living, social/retreat spaces, local identity, recreation/gardening, and adaptation at three points: pre-earthquake, during temporary sites post-earthquake, and under the current blueprint/landscape. While some indicators like connection to outdoors were maintained, others like various space types and microclimate consideration are unclear. The document concludes that subtle shifts in public space control, social character and building heights were not fully considered, and recommends improvements like more small, wind-protected spaces and regulating north-facing building heights.
Smart Food Governance, Sustainability Transitions and City-Regions. Presentation given by Damian Maye at The Governance of the Smart Cities Food Agenda conference on 28 September at LabExpo Milan. More information on Damian can be found http://www.ccri.ac.uk/maye/
Ecosistema Urbano is an interdisciplinary design group based in Madrid that focuses on urban social design. They view design holistically by considering citizens, social dynamics, and relationships between people and their environment. Their approach centers around three main topics: social issues, the environment, and technology. They demonstrate three strategies through case studies in Madrid - transforming existing spaces, designing responsive environments, and raising environmental awareness. Their goal is to improve everyday life and social issues through collaborative, technology-driven design.
Following the 2008 "Re-imaging Cities: Urban Design After the Age of Oil symposium, Penn IUR solicited manuscripts on environmental and energy challenges and their effect on the redesign of urban environments.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.tiwarimanvi3129
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.EpconLP
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
2. Learning Objectives:
• Assess the resiliency of the built environment on
several scales using five resiliency characteristics.
• Integrate resiliency into the architectural design
process by converting the resiliency characteristics
into process strategies.
• Generate original approaches to integrated,
adaptable design for cities through the creative
application of resiliency strategies.
• Participate more effectively in a multidisciplinary
urban design or planning team by employing
resiliency as a unifying concept.
3. global trends:
• 70% urban worldwide by 2050
• mostly developing nations
• loss of water quality and quantity
• resource degradation and loss
• climate change
metro center
suburbia
outer ring
urban region diagram
flow toward urban centers
6. early sustainability models:
sustainable development
smart growth
“The environment cannot be improved in conditions of poverty.
Nor can poverty be eradicated without the use of science and technology.”
-Indira Gandhi, 1972.
7. early sustainability models:
The congress for the New Urbanism views
divestment in central cities,
the spread of placeless sprawl,
increasing separation by race and income,
environmental deterioration,
loss of agricultural lands and wilderness,
and the erosion of society’s built heritage
as one interrelated community-building challenge.
a movement called “the New Urbanism”
Charter of the New Urbanism – 1993
8. • high density
• walkable communities
• mixed use (live-work-play)
early sustainability models:
• surgical implant of
traditional form
• extra-urban
• consumes land
not by physical solutions alone…
Seaside, FL
(1981)
9. • The Woodlands, TX: Reduced iconic red-cockaded woodpecker habitat
• Seaside, FL: Beach key area for nesting sea turtles, constrains dunes
• Kentlands, MD: Destroyed grasslands habitat of upland sandpiper
• Celebration, FL: Mature palms transplanted from distant, diverse savanna
• Siting and zoning?
• Jobs for residents?
• Social diversity?
• Public transportation?
• Landscape quality?
sustainability score:
Celebration, FL
10. The Woodlands, TX
sustainability marketing:
manicured lawn
“wilderness”
wall to keep wild
animals out natural grasses
well-behaved deer
Photoshop edge
11. 20th century paradigms:
• equilibrium model
• science can solve everything
• “fail-safe” engineering
broader scientific evolution
12. • multi-disciplinary
• spatial patterns and processes
across scales
• no distinction between “built” and
“natural” environments
• disturbance is a given
landscape ecology:
Landscape Ecology diagram:
edge types of urban-forest patches compared
13. paradox of sustainability:
“New Urbanism”
deterministic
integrates
disturbance
early sustainability
concepts
landscape ecology
how can a
static condition
be sustainable
?
“smart growth”
14. SmartCode:
Smart Growth grows up
“Transect” model based on diametric section of urban region
• character v. land use
• promotes mixed use
• surburban conundrum
19. Resiliency Theory:
“Resilience is the capacity of a system
to respond to change or disturbance
without changing its basic state."
Walker and Salt (2006)
C.S. Holling (1973)
“resilience”
20. resilience:
• absorb shocks and still maintain function
• self-repair to equilibrium
• “engineering” resilience measured by return rate
• still a “command and control” strategy
“engineering” model
21. resiliency:
Resiliency is the capacity of a system to
absorb disturbance and re-organize
while undergoing change
so as to retain essentially the same
function, structure, identity and feedbacks.
revised definition
22. persistence + new trajectories:
enabling recombination of evolved structures and processes
“trickle-up”
43. 3. diversity:
social structure model
• sustained diversity of
components
• localized action among
components
• autonomous selection
process
• “trickle-up”
composition
premeditated uncertainty
55. Voronoi regions (openings) are generated
according to number of points or “seeds”
Openings are regulated according to height from ground
MingoPeng
5. adaptive planning and design:
parametric design
56. Le Corbusier’s “machine-à-habiter”
form follows process
form follows function
looks like machine
acts like organism
MingoPeng
5. adaptive planning and design:
formal evolution
57. • from mimicry of form – process – systems
• 3.8 billion years of adaptive design research
• species extinction is a loss of heritage
5. adaptive planning and design:
solar-powered Italian Sugar Factory
58. SEA (Street Edge Alternatives), Seattle
• natural drainage systems
• no curbs
• reinforced turf shoulder
• biochannels with weirs
• rain gardens
5. adaptive planning and design:
innovation and monitoring
59. • 11% reduction impervious
surfaces
• 99% runoff reduction (2 yrs)
• data for new projects
• projects locally specific
• new projects cost effective
5. adaptive planning and design:
SEA (Street Edge Alternatives), Seattle
Incremental intervention
60. mosaic model of adaptive process:
new model ?
currents without eddies
63. earliest decisionsrealm of values
more resilient
realm of details
less resilient
5. adaptive planning and design:
resiliency and the decision chain
64. small enough to perceive, large enough to endure
5. adaptive planning and design:
the scale of urban design
65. • regulation of land use
• reliance on legal profession
• influx of architects, LAs
• focus on form-based standards
• revisions by variance, overlays, PDDs
• protection of individual rights
• data collection
• reliance on science
• civic learning
• discovery of consensus
• policy advocation and change
• focus on the public good
deterministic model with “noise” adaptive model with feedback
5. adaptive planning and design:
evolving role of planning
71. 1. multifunctionality
2. redundancy and modularization
3. diversity and variability
4. multi-scale networks and connectivity
5. adaptive planning and design
resiliency strategies:
remembranceself-organization innovation
feedbackdispersed interaction continual adaptation
learning
integrated to achieve outcomes
72. This ubiquitous principle is the need of cities
for a most intricate and close-grained diversity of uses
that give each other constant and mutual support,
both economically and socially.
Jane Jacobs, 1962.
Editor's Notes
Resiliency theory originating from ecosystems science.
We will introduce five resiliency characteristics or strategies and demonstrate how they apply to urban design.
Most of us are aware of the migration of the global population to urban regions,
and the growing focus on the viability of cities and their support systems as a result.
This diagram is the sort used by landscape ecologists to study the patterns of urban regions.
Historical context of sustainability concept.
Resiliency theory transcends diverse design trends and stylistic approaches. (Define trends briefly.)
The term “sustainable development” represents a political compromise. We have all been more focused on the meaning of “sustainable” than on what is meant by “development.”
In the world of urban planning, this concept gave birth to the more digestible term “smart growth.” Smart growth is a developmental model that was essentially directed to a more conservative, synergistic use of resources.
In the US, an important manifestation of smart growth was a movement called "the New Urbanism,” established by a group of pro-European, neo-traditional architects, urban designers, and others who had been gathering momentum since the 70’s. They drafted a charter at their first congress in 1993 that expresses some admirable sustainability goals. For the sake of argument, I am going to be a little critical of Smart Growth as it is put in practice, so that we can think about how we can do an even better job if we understand and integrate resiliency strategies.
Seaside, FL is the poster child for the New Urbanism. The New Urbanists believe that while community planning cannot be resolved by physical solutions alone, form is an essential ingredient of success. On the ground, the priority that architectural form ultimately took has led to the creation of elitist communities developed on greenfield sites.
Seaside lots sold for $15,000 in the early 80’s, and today some houses there cost over $5 million.
The most visible New Urbanist communities have not lived up to the values expressed in the Charter, especially in regard to regional ecological context.
If we rate them according to this checklist, we may find that while they are new, they are not urban.
We also have to be careful of using the public’s support of sustainability as a marketing ploy.
The Woodlands is approximately 90% white, but it does have class diversity: the average female income is $40K less than the average male income.
Models focused on an abstract state of equilibrium.
Anomalous influences are excluded and considered “noise” rather than part of the system.
Non-equilibrium theory, recognized noise, turbulence and other unpredictable events.
The field of landscape ecology emerged at the same time, and because it focused on dynamic landscape patterns, disturbance was a given.
Landscape ecologists believed that deterministic approaches to the built environment, under the guise of sustainable development, revealed a paradox: How can a static condition be sustainable? Let’s jump to the next scale: urban regional planning.
The principles of SmartGrowth and the New Urbanism have been integrated into a larger-scale, form-based model that is called SmartCode. In this model, the dimensional characteristics of each zone are codified, and new development would follow the same spatial standards, rather than similar uses. SmartCode is based on the belief that “the best urbanism requires the sequential influence of many participants.” This type of model depends upon cooperation among multiple jurisdictions.
SmartCode attempts to determine, or control, growth and yet falls short of considering natural features like rivers that require low density building and high density vegetation regardless of where they run. As our cities become more populated, we need to ramp up the protection of natural resources.
These diagrams show two buildout scenarios. The graphs show the density distribution across the urban region. By building on mixed-use village centers, suburban towns can develop in a more cost-effective way.
This map overlays the regions defined during the Ottoman Empire, and the current national boundaries. The current geopolitical boundaries don’t correspond with historical and population patterns.
Determinism belongs to a Cartesian paradigm where the built world is unconnected to dynamic natural systems.
Resiliency theory was developed to resolve the paradox of sustainability.
The use of the term “Resilience” in the ecological sciences is attributed to the Canadian scientist C.S. Holling.
With respect to built systems, resiliency was initially considered an engineering problem.
This more dynamic definition of resiliency integrates change into the system, using it as an evolutionary lever.
Resiliency is not only about persistence; it is also about the ability to reorganize.
The Piaggio fighter plane plant in Italy was destroyed during the Second World War, as were many of the roads. Enrico Piaggio and aeronautical engineer Corradino d’Ascanio developed the Vespa. The scooter enabled people to get on with their business and rebuild the economy; it remains a symbol of Italian freedom and ingenuity. TRICKLE UP
Resiliency theory suggests a shift from “sustainable” as an adjective and “development” as a noun, to two verbs: “sustain” and “develop.”
The key lies in the meaning of the word, “develop.”
Resiliency theory lies on the border between scientific evolution and sustainability science, promoting the advancement of the sustainability concept.
The design of resilient systems is driven by three fundamental goals: overall health, preparedness, and adaptability.
Here are the five characteristics or strategies that contribute to the resiliency of both ecosystems and the built environment.
Multifunctionality comes in different forms: the bundling of functions in what I call the Swiss army knife model, or the integrated model in which functions are combined.
Different approaches to multifunctionality.
A tree is a good model for an urban district.
You don’t need a what is now considered a “raingarden” to achieve groundwater recharge.
The use of impervious surfaces should be maximized. Parking lot to Farmers Market.
This is a plaza in NYC, created for the public on private land in exchange for zoning concessions. Plaza design, public access, and maintenance must comply with specific performance requirements.
The same type of plaza could be modified for microclimate enhancement, stormwater management and flood storage, depending on circumstances.
Portland, OR has piloted a program called Green Streets that combines pedestrian infrastructure, storm water management, and planting into a unified system. CLICK The Green Streets program also provides employment and social interaction.
Elements that provide a cumulative benefit while not suffering from the failure of any individual component may guarantee some continuance of ecosystem services.
Redundancy is NOT duplication. It is best when varied by context, scale and typology. Scale can be spatial or temporal.
This diagram shows separate, integrated components of a transportation system. If one component fails, there are reasonably accessible alternatives. In a system of long routes, any impediment along the way will cause the whole line to break down.
Jitney-style transportation is enjoying a resurgence (Uber and Lyft), supported by Transportation Network Companies or TNCs, and smart phones. This is a “trickle up” phenomenon, where the spontaneous appearance of these services map a community’s transportation needs. Bridj started with large buses following simpler routes and will develop toward more, smaller buses as ridership increases and routes diversify.
Shipping containers are designed as modules that can be stacked, transported by truck, or train; or loaded into a ship’s hold. This makes them ideal for pop-up structures. They can be used to create temporary shelters in disaster recovery, as well as for start-up and retrofitted markets. (Blöxx design upper left)
These recycled shipping containers, easily moved by land or sea, exemplify this strategy well.
This concept diagram shows diverse components of an urban region’s outer ring landscape. It includes several cropland types, meadowland, aquifer protection, and forest. Diversity enables an urban region to maintain a minimal level of self sufficiency.
Urban streets and districts that have diverse populations (age, socio-economic class, and ethnicity) are more resilient both because assets, vulnerability and usage schedules are distributed, and a range of social roles are guaranteed.
Today, built meadows are designed for uncertainty. While planted in a structured layout, the plants interact and evolve into a pattern that is responsive to changing site characteristics. TRICKLE UP
Intended and spontaneous diversity in residential housing. Malmo, Sweden.
Resilient networks feature multiple connected systems with alternating backup. This could be a diagram of a digital city, a system of community services, stakeholder groups, or an ecosystem.
Resilient networks feature multiple connected systems with alternating backup. Stormwater systems may be designed as two-way transfer and storage networks.
These images of Malmo, Sweden, show an articulated open stormwater network with interesting design implications for future sea level scenarios.
Frederick Law Olmsted was successful in securing land for the public realm in Boston while preserving and enhancing wetland systems that provide flood storage and biodiversity. The range of scale and types is evident, as well as connectivity.
This is a typical sequential model of the design process. It becomes adaptive when each stage may provide feedback or “backloops” to previous phases of the process.
In the workplace, the design process is segmented into distinct phases that are assigned a percentage of resources. Returning to a previous phase requires uncompensated overtime, cannibalizing the budget of a successive phase, or returning to the client hat in hand. The early phases are often considered preliminary to the “real” work. Let’s zoom into the analysis phase…
Designers and planners apply a number of analytical models and use many tools. Analysis, like design, is an ongoing process. It can’t be relegated to a single phase of the design process.
This was my first attempt to diagram the adaptive design process. Every contributor is active to varying degrees throughout the process, and there are critical moments of constant exchange.
Representational technology has evolved to increasingly accommodate change during the process, facilitating adaptive design.
This is a simple example of parametric design using Rhino software with the plugin Grasshopper. Revisions to the mathematical input in Grasshopper generate changes in the model.
Design and representational methods influence the evolution of form.
Biological systems are models of evolved, complex, and adaptive function.
Innovation and monitoring are two sides of the same coin in adaptive design. Seattle has used a street-by-street design approach with its SEA Initiative. A tool kit of tactics is selectively applied according to each neighborhood context.
By monitoring completed components, municipalities can maximize performance of successive projects.
About a week after I created this graphic model of the adaptive design process, I realized that it fell short because it didn’t represent the influence of each activity on the quality of the others. I had to come up with a new model.
My new graphic model considers backloops, and trickle-up, although it isn’t circular: it keeps moving forward in an evolutionary process.
Ecologists use the term, Panarchy, to describe broad governance by system elements, as opposed to conventional hierarchy.
Governance also applies to the performance of policy makers and communities. The goal of cultivating ADAPTIVE governance is transformability of our civic regulatory framework. Note that transformability is different from transformation.
Because the earliest decisions are the most important, a resilient planning process must be based on values and a shared vision of desired outcomes.
Likewise, the regional scale represents the highest risk in decision-making, whereas the single site is the most vulnerable. The landscape or district scale is the most meaningful scale for planning because it is small enough to be readily perceivable and large enough to endure. It will affect larger and smaller scales.
Planning has gradually migrated from a legal land use framework, through dimensional standards to form-based code. Anomalous situations are addressed by zoning variances, overlays, PDDs and other work-arounds. Planners will need to advocate more resilient policy to help us better navigate change.
This is a model for planned migration of settlement patterns determined by sea level rise, accompanied by biodiversity and recreational enhancements that reclaim the coast for the public domain. We can’t keep subsidizing high risk patterns.
Stage one shows .5 meter rise, and the creation of salt water marshes. Stage two shows 1.5 meter rise, and further development of permanent and tidal wetlands. When a reasonable degree of stability is reached, development of vegetation buffers for wildlife and recreation will add a layer of protection to the remaining low risk settlements.
Adaptive planning should focus on large ideas and small experiments. It is focused on process, and the way we document it should change.
Change is our best management tool. I think of surfing as an excellent model for adaptive design: you are strong and ready, but you don’t know exactly how things are going to play out.
Social acceptance of the central role of change is important. Popular culture has a role in developing attitudes, as this example shows.
Collaboration needs to evolve into a more resilient model, where participants are defined less by their discipline than by the nature of the project. Project-based collaboration is a “trickle-up” phenomenon.
The resiliency strategies we have introduced are inseparable components of a unified and mutually influential approach that is focused on desired outcomes.