Principles of economics (growth paradox)Umar Sheikh
This document discusses economic principles including growth, inflation, fiscal deficit, and current account deficit. It provides statistics on growth rates in India, China, Indonesia, and the Philippines from 2016-2019. Inflation rates in India and China from 2011-2019 are also presented. The fiscal deficit of India from 2014-2019 and current account deficit of India from 2009-2019 are shown. The conclusion recommends investing in agriculture, increasing industrial output, focusing on technology and innovation, and increasing per capita income.
Effect of Interest Rate on Inflation in Pak.pptxAbdul Waqar Khan
The document analyzes the relationship between interest rates and inflation in Pakistan from 2004 to 2019. It finds that there is generally an inverse relationship where lower interest rates correspond to higher inflation as the economy grows, and higher interest rates correspond to lower inflation as the economy slows. The data showed Pakistan's inflation rate increased from 4.09% in 2017 to 5.07% in 2018 and 10.58% in 2019, while interest rates rose from 8.21% in 2017 to 8.53% in 2018 and 12.23% in 2019. The document recommends that the government control interest rates and inflation through suitable policies.
Trends in the main macroeconomics indicators of BangladeshFahad Aziz
The document analyzes trends in major macroeconomic indicators in Bangladesh since the 1970s. It finds that GDP growth has increased since the 1990s and averaged around 6% in the last 5 years. There has been a structural shift from an agriculture-led economy to an industry-led economy. Revenue as a percentage of GDP has gradually increased but remains one of the lowest in the world. Financial deepening, as measured by the money to GDP ratio, has increased steadily. The government has reformed debt management and developed the domestic bond market.
India's economic growth slowed significantly from over 9% to just 5% as industrial growth declined and the rupee depreciated sharply against the dollar. This downturn has disappointed those who saw India growing steadily at over 8% annually. The current account deficit expanded as exports slowed and imports of oil and gold increased, placing pressure on the rupee. While the government took measures like raising import duties on gold, attracting more foreign investment will be needed to sustainably boost growth and manage the current account deficit.
This document summarizes major economic indicators of Bangladesh, including GDP, GNP, per capita income, unemployment rate, inflation rate, interest rates, literacy rate, balance of trade, and remittances. It provides definitions and formulas for calculating GDP, GNP, and per capita income. Charts are included showing GDP growth and per capita income trends over the last 10 years in Bangladesh as well as unemployment rate trends. The document was presented by a student at the University of Dhaka as part of a course on managerial economics.
Key Growth Drivers and Fiscal Challenges in Economy: India and ChinaDibyajyoti Saikia
This presentation provides a comparison of Indian and Chinese economy in context to Key Growth Drivers and Fiscal Challenges.
Happy reading and Thanks!
This document summarizes a study that analyzes the relationship between domestic savings and economic growth in Nigeria from 1970 to 2006. It finds that while domestic savings as a percentage of GDP has generally been higher than investment, economic growth has remained low. It concludes that the main problem is not mobilizing savings, but rather the intermediation between savings and investment. It recommends that the government adopt policies to improve intermediation in the economy in order to enhance the link between savings and growth.
Principles of economics (growth paradox)Umar Sheikh
This document discusses economic principles including growth, inflation, fiscal deficit, and current account deficit. It provides statistics on growth rates in India, China, Indonesia, and the Philippines from 2016-2019. Inflation rates in India and China from 2011-2019 are also presented. The fiscal deficit of India from 2014-2019 and current account deficit of India from 2009-2019 are shown. The conclusion recommends investing in agriculture, increasing industrial output, focusing on technology and innovation, and increasing per capita income.
Effect of Interest Rate on Inflation in Pak.pptxAbdul Waqar Khan
The document analyzes the relationship between interest rates and inflation in Pakistan from 2004 to 2019. It finds that there is generally an inverse relationship where lower interest rates correspond to higher inflation as the economy grows, and higher interest rates correspond to lower inflation as the economy slows. The data showed Pakistan's inflation rate increased from 4.09% in 2017 to 5.07% in 2018 and 10.58% in 2019, while interest rates rose from 8.21% in 2017 to 8.53% in 2018 and 12.23% in 2019. The document recommends that the government control interest rates and inflation through suitable policies.
Trends in the main macroeconomics indicators of BangladeshFahad Aziz
The document analyzes trends in major macroeconomic indicators in Bangladesh since the 1970s. It finds that GDP growth has increased since the 1990s and averaged around 6% in the last 5 years. There has been a structural shift from an agriculture-led economy to an industry-led economy. Revenue as a percentage of GDP has gradually increased but remains one of the lowest in the world. Financial deepening, as measured by the money to GDP ratio, has increased steadily. The government has reformed debt management and developed the domestic bond market.
India's economic growth slowed significantly from over 9% to just 5% as industrial growth declined and the rupee depreciated sharply against the dollar. This downturn has disappointed those who saw India growing steadily at over 8% annually. The current account deficit expanded as exports slowed and imports of oil and gold increased, placing pressure on the rupee. While the government took measures like raising import duties on gold, attracting more foreign investment will be needed to sustainably boost growth and manage the current account deficit.
This document summarizes major economic indicators of Bangladesh, including GDP, GNP, per capita income, unemployment rate, inflation rate, interest rates, literacy rate, balance of trade, and remittances. It provides definitions and formulas for calculating GDP, GNP, and per capita income. Charts are included showing GDP growth and per capita income trends over the last 10 years in Bangladesh as well as unemployment rate trends. The document was presented by a student at the University of Dhaka as part of a course on managerial economics.
Key Growth Drivers and Fiscal Challenges in Economy: India and ChinaDibyajyoti Saikia
This presentation provides a comparison of Indian and Chinese economy in context to Key Growth Drivers and Fiscal Challenges.
Happy reading and Thanks!
This document summarizes a study that analyzes the relationship between domestic savings and economic growth in Nigeria from 1970 to 2006. It finds that while domestic savings as a percentage of GDP has generally been higher than investment, economic growth has remained low. It concludes that the main problem is not mobilizing savings, but rather the intermediation between savings and investment. It recommends that the government adopt policies to improve intermediation in the economy in order to enhance the link between savings and growth.
1. The document analyzes the relationship between domestic savings, investment, and economic growth in Nigeria from 1970-2015.
2. It finds that domestic savings, investment, and GDP growth were low over the period studied, with fluctuating trends.
3. The study employs various econometric techniques including unit root tests, cointegration tests, vector error correction models, and Granger causality tests.
4. The results show domestic investment has a positive and significant long-run impact on economic growth in Nigeria. There is also bidirectional short-run causality between domestic investment and economic growth.
Inflation and its Impact on Pakistan Economy Muzafar hussainMuzafar Hussain
State Bank of Pakistan has been entrusted with the responsibility to formulate and conduct monetary and credit policy in a manner consistent with the Government’s targets for growth and inflation and the recommendations of the Monetary and Fiscal Policies Co-ordination Board with respect to macro-economic policy objectives. The basic objective underlying its functions is two-fold i.e. the maintenance of monetary stability, thereby leading towards the stability in the domestic prices, as well as the promotion of economic growth.
This document summarizes a presentation on the effect of macroeconomic variables on the Islamic stock market in Indonesia. It begins with an introduction stating the research aims to examine the impact of global and domestic macroeconomic factors on Indonesia's Jakarta Islamic Index. It then reviews relevant literature, describes the data and empirical methods used, and outlines the main results and conclusions. The empirical analysis finds cointegration between the JII and macro variables like exchange rates, consumer prices, money supply, and interest rates. It determines some of these variables, like exchange rates and money supply, significantly influence JII movements. The conclusions recommend policymakers consider other countries' policies and increasing domestic Islamic market investors.
Is japanese corporate sentiment changing asefa asdfawf
The document discusses challenges facing the Japanese economy including stagnation in productivity and value creation. It notes that Japanese companies face pressure to cut costs but also need to transition to management structures resilient to exchange rate fluctuations. The document also emphasizes that not taking risks has become the biggest risk, and Japanese companies must globalize governance and CSR while generating growth through bold corporate transformation. It provides an overview of Abenomics, its effects on lowering unemployment and strengthening markets in Japan, and impacts of a slowing Japan on the broader world economy.
Is japanese corporate sentiment changing asefa asdfawf
The document discusses challenges facing the Japanese economy including stagnation in productivity and value creation. It notes that Japanese companies face pressure to cut costs but also must transition to management structures resilient to exchange rate fluctuations. The document advocates accepting risks to transform companies and generate growth. It introduces Abenomics, Japan's economic policy of fiscal stimulus, monetary easing, and reforms to jolt the economy out of stagnation. Abenomics had effects like weakening the yen and rising stock prices, and lowering unemployment, but the world economy still faced risks of stagnation.
Main directions of improvement of the process of investment attractionSubmissionResearchpa
this fast-changing world, conflicts of interest and rivalry between countries are growing. In such a difficult international environment, it is important to keep our country competitive in the region and in the world by Bustonov Mansurjon Mardonakulovich and Abdurakhmanova Mukhtasar Fazliddin qizi 2020. Main directions of improvement of the process of investment attraction. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 6 (Jun. 2020), 19-25. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i6.395. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/395/372 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/395
The Power-point discusses the macroeconomics of china. It discusses the inflation, unemployment in china, fiscal and monetary policy of china and the foreign exchange rate mechanism of china. It also discusses what can be the endgame for china for changing in its policy.
Fed impact : 4 reasons why India stands out, to draw more FII cashLatin Manharlal
The rate hike was well-signalled and in line with Fitch's expectations. The real uncertainty remains on how quickly the rates will rise and to what peak. There is still a significant wedge between where the Fed is telling us it sees rates are going and what the market is pricing in," said Andrew Colquhoun, Head of Asia-Pacific Sovereigns, Fitch Ratings.
The China Compass - Figures, Forecast and Analysis - January 2014William Dey-Chao
The 7-member Standing Committee of the Politburo is the highest decision-making body in China
Source: PRC government website; The Beijing Axis Analysis
The Beijing Axis 13
The new leadership has outlined an ambitious reform agenda to shift China
towards a more sustainable growth model
Key Elements of China’s Reform Agenda
Political Reforms
Economic Reforms
Social Reforms
- Rule of law
- Constitutional reform
- Separation of powers
- Grassroots democracy
- Transparency
- Anti-corruption drive
- Market-based allocation of
resources
- Interest rate liberalisation
- Exchange rate flexibility
- SOE reform
- Private
The China Compass - Figures, Forecast and Analysis - January 2014Daniel Galvez
The China Compass is a dynamic presentation of the latest macroeconomic data for a wide range of indicators for China, as well as other major world economies. It presents a comprehensive picture of the ever-changing and evolving Chinese landscape and contains up-to-date statistics, topical themes and insights. It is presented in a reader-friendly format as a useful desk reference for executives with a China agenda.
Since our last edition, developed economies have slowly recovered from the after-effects of the global financial crisis, leading to a brighter global economic outlook. However, with China's GDP growth easing to 7.8% in 2012 and 7.7% year-on-year in the first three quarters of 2013, corporations and governments alike are grappling with the realisation that China's era of double-digit growth is over, and are searching for clarity to appropriately shape their future agenda with and in China.
Internally, China's fifth generation of leaders led by President Xi Jinping must convince an immense bureaucracy to implement an ambitious economic blueprint for the next decade. The blueprint includes long-anticipated economic and social reforms aimed at keeping China's increasingly complex economy on a path of sustainable growth.
The theme for this edition is 'China's Ongoing Transformation', which covers China's changing political, economic and social patterns.
This document provides an overview of Nepal's economy. It notes that Nepal is a landlocked country bordered by China and India. It has a population of over 26 million people and an average economic growth rate of 3.51% over the past decade. Agriculture is the backbone of Nepal's economy, engaging over 73% of the labor force. However, productivity is low and Nepal relies on imports from neighboring countries. The document also discusses Nepal's trade deficit, inflation rates, potential for hydropower and tourism, and opportunities in export industries and agriculture.
A Dynamic Analysis of the Impact of Capital Flight on Real Exchange Rate in N...iosrjce
This study examines the dynamic effect of capital flight on the real exchange rate of the naira.
Specifically this study seeks to investigate if a long-run relationship exists between real exchange rate and
capital flight in Nigeria. This will be done using quarterly time series data covering the period 1981 to 2009. In
this process the short-run dynamics of the interactions between the two variables will be analyzed.
The document outlines trends in the New Zealand economy and job market based on a presentation by Pete Macauley. It discusses the stable global economic outlook, strong performance of the New Zealand economy with continued growth and low unemployment. Data from Seek and other sources show increasing job ads, business confidence, and skilled labor shortages across various industries. Research also found employers expecting to hire overseas and employees looking for attractive compensation and career opportunities to avoid turnover. In summary, 2014 was a positive year for New Zealand businesses and the data points to continued growth, but talent shortages may challenge attraction and retention.
The document summarizes an agenda and presentation on the global and Australian economic outlook and employment trends for 2015. It finds that the global economy is expected to grow in 2015, with stronger growth in major developed economies supporting growth in Australia and New Zealand. The Australian economy is transitioning away from mining demand towards non-mining sectors, with unemployment expected to trend down as non-mining investment and business confidence increase. Emerging trends in the workplace include a stronger focus on employer branding, diversity and inclusion.
Assignment on Current Economic ConditionsAnurag Verma
This document is an assignment submitted by students for their MBA program. It contains summaries of key economic concepts related to growth and inflation in India. The assignment discusses issues like stagflation, nominal vs real GDP, the Index of Industrial Production (IIP), and how inflation is measured using the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Wholesale Price Index (WPI). The students analyze factors influencing India's current economic environment of high inflation and low growth.
Pakistan's GDP grew 4.14% in 2014, averaging 4.92% growth from 1952 to 2014. GDP growth reached a high of 10.22% in 1954 and a low of -1.8% in 1952. Pakistan has a growing semi-industrialized economy relying on manufacturing, agriculture, and remittances, but fast population growth has prevented increases in GDP from significantly improving development. Political instability, corruption, and lack of law enforcement hamper investment and growth.
The document summarizes recent economic trends in Mongolia. It notes that GDP growth slowed to 7.8% in 2014 from higher growth in previous years, due to a drop in foreign direct investment and monetary tightening in response to inflationary pressures. Inflation remained high at around 12.8% for the year while the current account deficit persisted. Fiscal deficits also remained elevated. Growth is forecast to further slow to 3.0% in 2015 and then recover slightly to 5.0% in 2016, while inflation moderates, as monetary and fiscal policy are tightened to address economic imbalances.
Industrial growth in Pakistan 2015: An OverviewAyesha Majid
Pakistan is improving as it has maintained the growth momentum and achievements are broad based touching all sectors of the economy. The growth recorded for 2014-15 is 4.24 percent and will further accelerate in coming years as business climate is improving on fast track with better growth oriented policies of the government.
Now situation is improving as the present government has launched comprehensive plan to create investment friendly environment & to attract foreign investors in the country. The investment policy has been designed to provide a comprehensive framework for creating a conducive business environment for the attraction of FDI. Private investment recorded in last year was Rs. 2,513 billion and it expanded to Rs. 2,645 billion for the fiscal year 2014-15.
This increase in private investment is the reflection that private investors are showing confidence on government policies and situation is improving.
Analysis of foreign investment and identified macroeconomic measures in nigeriaAlexander Decker
This document analyzes the relationship between foreign investment and macroeconomic variables in Nigeria from 1980-2010. It finds that GDP, exchange rates, and money supply have a direct positive impact on foreign investment, while interest rates and inflation have a negative impact. Interest rates and inflation are also found to "Granger cause" foreign investment, indicating they are influential factors. The study recommends that Nigeria implement excellent macroeconomic policies and infrastructure development to enhance investment and reduce poverty.
Monetary Policy Shocks and Agricultural Output Growth in Nigeriaiosrjce
This document summarizes a research paper that investigated the transmission of monetary policy shocks to agricultural output growth in Nigeria from 1970 to 2012. The study used a vector autoregressive (VAR) model to analyze the data. The results showed that:
1) Both monetary policy shocks transmitted through interest rates and increases in production costs from inflation have significant impacts on agricultural output growth in Nigeria.
2) Monetary policy shocks transmitted through interest rate channels were found to be more effective at influencing agricultural output than other transmission mechanisms.
3) The study recommends Nigerian monetary policy focus more on using differential interest rates and other tools to revitalize the agricultural sector.
The Nigerian Government both previous and present has introduced several policies and programmes to reduce or proffer remedial measures to militate against the negative impact of high inflationary levels on the Nigerian economy. All these measures have not led to a productive result as the inflation rate has continued to sour higher over the years. This paper aimed at examining the economic influence of the determinant factors that influence inflationary trends that are multi-dimensional and dynamic which continue to defy solutions. The data used for this work was sourced from the National Bureau of Statistics and Central Bank of Nigeria, from 1983 to 2020. The ordinary least square approach was used to analyze the data and the result shows that consumer’s price index, interest rate and total export has a positive effect on Nigeria inflation, but only the Consumer’s Price Index (CPI) have a statistically significant effect on the Nigeria inflation at 99% confidence interval. Result also shows that the exchange rate, foreign reserve, money supply, real GDP, real income and total imports has a negative effect though not statistically significant on the Nigeria inflation rate. The result of the granger causality test shows exchange rate and total imports to granger cause Nigeria inflation. It is recommended that Government should improve locally manufacture products to meet international demands to reduce total imports.
1. The document analyzes the relationship between domestic savings, investment, and economic growth in Nigeria from 1970-2015.
2. It finds that domestic savings, investment, and GDP growth were low over the period studied, with fluctuating trends.
3. The study employs various econometric techniques including unit root tests, cointegration tests, vector error correction models, and Granger causality tests.
4. The results show domestic investment has a positive and significant long-run impact on economic growth in Nigeria. There is also bidirectional short-run causality between domestic investment and economic growth.
Inflation and its Impact on Pakistan Economy Muzafar hussainMuzafar Hussain
State Bank of Pakistan has been entrusted with the responsibility to formulate and conduct monetary and credit policy in a manner consistent with the Government’s targets for growth and inflation and the recommendations of the Monetary and Fiscal Policies Co-ordination Board with respect to macro-economic policy objectives. The basic objective underlying its functions is two-fold i.e. the maintenance of monetary stability, thereby leading towards the stability in the domestic prices, as well as the promotion of economic growth.
This document summarizes a presentation on the effect of macroeconomic variables on the Islamic stock market in Indonesia. It begins with an introduction stating the research aims to examine the impact of global and domestic macroeconomic factors on Indonesia's Jakarta Islamic Index. It then reviews relevant literature, describes the data and empirical methods used, and outlines the main results and conclusions. The empirical analysis finds cointegration between the JII and macro variables like exchange rates, consumer prices, money supply, and interest rates. It determines some of these variables, like exchange rates and money supply, significantly influence JII movements. The conclusions recommend policymakers consider other countries' policies and increasing domestic Islamic market investors.
Is japanese corporate sentiment changing asefa asdfawf
The document discusses challenges facing the Japanese economy including stagnation in productivity and value creation. It notes that Japanese companies face pressure to cut costs but also need to transition to management structures resilient to exchange rate fluctuations. The document also emphasizes that not taking risks has become the biggest risk, and Japanese companies must globalize governance and CSR while generating growth through bold corporate transformation. It provides an overview of Abenomics, its effects on lowering unemployment and strengthening markets in Japan, and impacts of a slowing Japan on the broader world economy.
Is japanese corporate sentiment changing asefa asdfawf
The document discusses challenges facing the Japanese economy including stagnation in productivity and value creation. It notes that Japanese companies face pressure to cut costs but also must transition to management structures resilient to exchange rate fluctuations. The document advocates accepting risks to transform companies and generate growth. It introduces Abenomics, Japan's economic policy of fiscal stimulus, monetary easing, and reforms to jolt the economy out of stagnation. Abenomics had effects like weakening the yen and rising stock prices, and lowering unemployment, but the world economy still faced risks of stagnation.
Main directions of improvement of the process of investment attractionSubmissionResearchpa
this fast-changing world, conflicts of interest and rivalry between countries are growing. In such a difficult international environment, it is important to keep our country competitive in the region and in the world by Bustonov Mansurjon Mardonakulovich and Abdurakhmanova Mukhtasar Fazliddin qizi 2020. Main directions of improvement of the process of investment attraction. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 6 (Jun. 2020), 19-25. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i6.395. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/395/372 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/395
The Power-point discusses the macroeconomics of china. It discusses the inflation, unemployment in china, fiscal and monetary policy of china and the foreign exchange rate mechanism of china. It also discusses what can be the endgame for china for changing in its policy.
Fed impact : 4 reasons why India stands out, to draw more FII cashLatin Manharlal
The rate hike was well-signalled and in line with Fitch's expectations. The real uncertainty remains on how quickly the rates will rise and to what peak. There is still a significant wedge between where the Fed is telling us it sees rates are going and what the market is pricing in," said Andrew Colquhoun, Head of Asia-Pacific Sovereigns, Fitch Ratings.
The China Compass - Figures, Forecast and Analysis - January 2014William Dey-Chao
The 7-member Standing Committee of the Politburo is the highest decision-making body in China
Source: PRC government website; The Beijing Axis Analysis
The Beijing Axis 13
The new leadership has outlined an ambitious reform agenda to shift China
towards a more sustainable growth model
Key Elements of China’s Reform Agenda
Political Reforms
Economic Reforms
Social Reforms
- Rule of law
- Constitutional reform
- Separation of powers
- Grassroots democracy
- Transparency
- Anti-corruption drive
- Market-based allocation of
resources
- Interest rate liberalisation
- Exchange rate flexibility
- SOE reform
- Private
The China Compass - Figures, Forecast and Analysis - January 2014Daniel Galvez
The China Compass is a dynamic presentation of the latest macroeconomic data for a wide range of indicators for China, as well as other major world economies. It presents a comprehensive picture of the ever-changing and evolving Chinese landscape and contains up-to-date statistics, topical themes and insights. It is presented in a reader-friendly format as a useful desk reference for executives with a China agenda.
Since our last edition, developed economies have slowly recovered from the after-effects of the global financial crisis, leading to a brighter global economic outlook. However, with China's GDP growth easing to 7.8% in 2012 and 7.7% year-on-year in the first three quarters of 2013, corporations and governments alike are grappling with the realisation that China's era of double-digit growth is over, and are searching for clarity to appropriately shape their future agenda with and in China.
Internally, China's fifth generation of leaders led by President Xi Jinping must convince an immense bureaucracy to implement an ambitious economic blueprint for the next decade. The blueprint includes long-anticipated economic and social reforms aimed at keeping China's increasingly complex economy on a path of sustainable growth.
The theme for this edition is 'China's Ongoing Transformation', which covers China's changing political, economic and social patterns.
This document provides an overview of Nepal's economy. It notes that Nepal is a landlocked country bordered by China and India. It has a population of over 26 million people and an average economic growth rate of 3.51% over the past decade. Agriculture is the backbone of Nepal's economy, engaging over 73% of the labor force. However, productivity is low and Nepal relies on imports from neighboring countries. The document also discusses Nepal's trade deficit, inflation rates, potential for hydropower and tourism, and opportunities in export industries and agriculture.
A Dynamic Analysis of the Impact of Capital Flight on Real Exchange Rate in N...iosrjce
This study examines the dynamic effect of capital flight on the real exchange rate of the naira.
Specifically this study seeks to investigate if a long-run relationship exists between real exchange rate and
capital flight in Nigeria. This will be done using quarterly time series data covering the period 1981 to 2009. In
this process the short-run dynamics of the interactions between the two variables will be analyzed.
The document outlines trends in the New Zealand economy and job market based on a presentation by Pete Macauley. It discusses the stable global economic outlook, strong performance of the New Zealand economy with continued growth and low unemployment. Data from Seek and other sources show increasing job ads, business confidence, and skilled labor shortages across various industries. Research also found employers expecting to hire overseas and employees looking for attractive compensation and career opportunities to avoid turnover. In summary, 2014 was a positive year for New Zealand businesses and the data points to continued growth, but talent shortages may challenge attraction and retention.
The document summarizes an agenda and presentation on the global and Australian economic outlook and employment trends for 2015. It finds that the global economy is expected to grow in 2015, with stronger growth in major developed economies supporting growth in Australia and New Zealand. The Australian economy is transitioning away from mining demand towards non-mining sectors, with unemployment expected to trend down as non-mining investment and business confidence increase. Emerging trends in the workplace include a stronger focus on employer branding, diversity and inclusion.
Assignment on Current Economic ConditionsAnurag Verma
This document is an assignment submitted by students for their MBA program. It contains summaries of key economic concepts related to growth and inflation in India. The assignment discusses issues like stagflation, nominal vs real GDP, the Index of Industrial Production (IIP), and how inflation is measured using the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Wholesale Price Index (WPI). The students analyze factors influencing India's current economic environment of high inflation and low growth.
Pakistan's GDP grew 4.14% in 2014, averaging 4.92% growth from 1952 to 2014. GDP growth reached a high of 10.22% in 1954 and a low of -1.8% in 1952. Pakistan has a growing semi-industrialized economy relying on manufacturing, agriculture, and remittances, but fast population growth has prevented increases in GDP from significantly improving development. Political instability, corruption, and lack of law enforcement hamper investment and growth.
The document summarizes recent economic trends in Mongolia. It notes that GDP growth slowed to 7.8% in 2014 from higher growth in previous years, due to a drop in foreign direct investment and monetary tightening in response to inflationary pressures. Inflation remained high at around 12.8% for the year while the current account deficit persisted. Fiscal deficits also remained elevated. Growth is forecast to further slow to 3.0% in 2015 and then recover slightly to 5.0% in 2016, while inflation moderates, as monetary and fiscal policy are tightened to address economic imbalances.
Industrial growth in Pakistan 2015: An OverviewAyesha Majid
Pakistan is improving as it has maintained the growth momentum and achievements are broad based touching all sectors of the economy. The growth recorded for 2014-15 is 4.24 percent and will further accelerate in coming years as business climate is improving on fast track with better growth oriented policies of the government.
Now situation is improving as the present government has launched comprehensive plan to create investment friendly environment & to attract foreign investors in the country. The investment policy has been designed to provide a comprehensive framework for creating a conducive business environment for the attraction of FDI. Private investment recorded in last year was Rs. 2,513 billion and it expanded to Rs. 2,645 billion for the fiscal year 2014-15.
This increase in private investment is the reflection that private investors are showing confidence on government policies and situation is improving.
Analysis of foreign investment and identified macroeconomic measures in nigeriaAlexander Decker
This document analyzes the relationship between foreign investment and macroeconomic variables in Nigeria from 1980-2010. It finds that GDP, exchange rates, and money supply have a direct positive impact on foreign investment, while interest rates and inflation have a negative impact. Interest rates and inflation are also found to "Granger cause" foreign investment, indicating they are influential factors. The study recommends that Nigeria implement excellent macroeconomic policies and infrastructure development to enhance investment and reduce poverty.
Monetary Policy Shocks and Agricultural Output Growth in Nigeriaiosrjce
This document summarizes a research paper that investigated the transmission of monetary policy shocks to agricultural output growth in Nigeria from 1970 to 2012. The study used a vector autoregressive (VAR) model to analyze the data. The results showed that:
1) Both monetary policy shocks transmitted through interest rates and increases in production costs from inflation have significant impacts on agricultural output growth in Nigeria.
2) Monetary policy shocks transmitted through interest rate channels were found to be more effective at influencing agricultural output than other transmission mechanisms.
3) The study recommends Nigerian monetary policy focus more on using differential interest rates and other tools to revitalize the agricultural sector.
The Nigerian Government both previous and present has introduced several policies and programmes to reduce or proffer remedial measures to militate against the negative impact of high inflationary levels on the Nigerian economy. All these measures have not led to a productive result as the inflation rate has continued to sour higher over the years. This paper aimed at examining the economic influence of the determinant factors that influence inflationary trends that are multi-dimensional and dynamic which continue to defy solutions. The data used for this work was sourced from the National Bureau of Statistics and Central Bank of Nigeria, from 1983 to 2020. The ordinary least square approach was used to analyze the data and the result shows that consumer’s price index, interest rate and total export has a positive effect on Nigeria inflation, but only the Consumer’s Price Index (CPI) have a statistically significant effect on the Nigeria inflation at 99% confidence interval. Result also shows that the exchange rate, foreign reserve, money supply, real GDP, real income and total imports has a negative effect though not statistically significant on the Nigeria inflation rate. The result of the granger causality test shows exchange rate and total imports to granger cause Nigeria inflation. It is recommended that Government should improve locally manufacture products to meet international demands to reduce total imports.
Currency fluctuations and inflation are the natural norm for most major economies. Numerous factors influence economic growth, including a country’s exchange rate system performance, the outlook for inflation, and interest rate differentials. These are the most significant factors that hinder the economic growth of every nation. As a result, this analysis investigates the impact of exchange rate and inflation on Nigeria’s growth performance from 1986 to 2021. Impulse response and variance decomposition were estimated. The real gross domestic product (RGDP) was used as a proxy for growth performance, while the inflation rate (IFNR), real exchange rate (REXR), and interest rate (INTR) were also used as proxies. The results of impulse response and variance decomposition estimates in the short-run (third quarter) and long-run (tenth quarter) show that real exchange rate D(REXR), INTR, and IFNR all have a positive impact on RGDP variation, with values of 13.38%, 31.88%, and 22.40%, respectively, in the third quarter. In the long run (the 10th quarter), REXR contributed approximately 28.76% of the variation in RGDP. The interest rate contributed 24.14%, while the IFNR has contributed about 28.27% of the variation in RGDP in the long run. Therefore, summing the contributions of REXR, INTR, and INFR to RGDP, these variables contributed about 81.17% of the variation in RGDP in the long run. Hence, the research concluded that REXR, INTR, and IFNR have a positive effect on growth performance as proxied by RGDP in Nigeria within the period of the research. The research recommended that the government should provide a policy that will reduce the excess growth of aggregate demand (AD) in the economy, which will reduce inflationary pressure, in order to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of 2030 in Nigeria, which include restoring economic growth and macroeconomic stability through macroeconomic variables such as the exchange rate, inflation, and other significant variables.
Remittances Research Paper Presentation_Final.pptxHaroonAziz9
The document discusses research on the role of remittances in economic growth in Asian developing countries. It presents a literature review on the relationship between remittances and economic growth. Previous studies have found both positive and negative impacts of remittances on growth. The research will analyze data from 1983 to 2013 for six Asian countries using a multivariate regression model to examine the impact of remittances and other factors like trade, FDI, and infrastructure on GDP per capita growth. It aims to contribute new insights for policymakers on how to better leverage remittances for economic development.
Impact of exports on economic growth of ecowas countries a comparative analys...Jean Michel Kodjané
This document is a project report submitted in partial fulfillment of a Master of Business Administration degree. It examines the impact of exports on economic growth in ECOWAS countries through a comparative analysis. The report includes a declaration by the author, a certificate from the project supervisor, acknowledgements, table of contents, list of abbreviations and an abstract. It provides an overview of ECOWAS and profiles key member countries including Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde and Cote d'Ivoire. The report analyzes the composition and contribution of exports in these countries' economies.
The aim of this study is to examine the impact of international capital flows on the economic growth in Jordan during the period from 2005 to 2017, The study also examines trends and composition of capital inflows. The study used descriptive analytical research method which was appropriate for the purpose of research. By using time series data, the study found that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), foreign portfolio investment (FPI), grants (Gr) and Worker remittances (WR) are positively affecting the economic growth direct contribution. Based on the research results, the study came with a several recommendations, the most important recommendation is; the government of Jordan should create and relax the rules and regulations to attract more investors, and also the government should work hand in hand with the developed countries to create economic and employment opportunities, improve the country’s competitiveness, and expand growth within the private sector so that everyone in Jordan has the opportunity to contribute to a brighter future.
This study is about the impact of selected macroeconomic variables on economic growth of Bangladesh. Economic growth of Bangladesh is measured in terms of annual nominal GDP growth rate. Least squared regression model has been employed considering exchange rate, export, import and inflation rate as independent variables and gross domestic product as the dependent variable in this study. The results reveal that export and import have significant positive impact on GDP growth rate. The other variables (exchange rate and inflation) are not significant, indicating that there exists no significant relationship among the variables. The findings will help the policy makers to make policies concerning the country’s economic growth to remain robust in the near future.
This is a lirature review sourced from Internet. It is not minezerfudimd
This document discusses the Two-Gap model of economic growth in Nigeria from 1970-2007 using vector autoregression analysis. It finds that foreign aid does not have a clear positive impact on economic growth in Nigeria, while foreign direct investment (FDI) does, but is volatile. The study also finds that filling trade gaps determined by aid requirements alone will not necessarily boost trade and growth. It reviews literature on the relationship between FDI and economic growth, finding mixed evidence. Determinants of FDI identified include market size, infrastructure, political stability, natural resources, and macroeconomic policies.
- The document analyzes the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth in Cape Verde from 1985 to 2018 using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model.
- It finds a long-run relationship between FDI, labor force, inflation and GDP growth in Cape Verde. However, it finds that FDI does not "Granger cause" economic growth.
- Factors like openness and domestic investment were not found to have a long-term relationship with GDP in Cape Verde's economy.
The objective of this study is to identify the determinants of inflation in West Africa, mainly in the WAEMU zone, in order to contribute to improving the conduct of monetary policy. The equation of the exchange of the Quantitative Theory of the Currency and the generalized method of moments (MMG) in dynamic panel is used. Annual data concerning six countries in West Africa and range from 1991 to 2015. The results of the estimation show that in addition to the economic growth rate and the money supply, the devaluation has a significant effect on inflation. As we can see, inflation is not systematically a monetary phenomenon in West Africa. The authorities must therefore seek to determine the optimal threshold for the rate of increase of the money supply.
FINANCIAL DEEPENING AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN NIGERIAAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : This study examined the impact of FDI on financial deepening in Nigeria from 1980 to 2022.
The research questions address the trend of FDI and financial deepening in Nigeria and the relationship between
the two variables. The study will used econometrics analysis basically cointegration and error correction model
to estimate the relationship between FDI and financial deepening . The findings of this researchrevealed that
foreign direct investment exert significant impact on financial deepening in Nigeria along the long run and short
run horizon. The findings have implications for policymakers, the Nigerian government, investors, and
businesses. Understanding the impact of FDI on financial deepening helpssuggests appropriate policy measures
and strategies to enhance Nigeria's financial sector and spur economic growth. Additionally, the study
contributes to the existing literature on FDI and financial deepening, providing valuable insights for future
research in this area.
KEY WORDS: Foreign Direct Investment; Financial Deepening; Relationship
Comparative Longitudinal Analysis on Global Inflation with a special emphasis...Ram Sharma
https://zenodo.org/record/7939068#.ZGQTS_dX6Ef
This is the presentation for the research “Comparative Longitudinal Analysis on Global Inflation with a special emphasis on Indian Economy” presented at the Second International Conference at the Daly College of Business Management, DAVV Indore.
The research was further published in its peer to peer reviewed conference journal.
The economic fluctuations in Indian housing markets have been time and again proved to be led by inflation (Granger Cause) (Richa Pandey & V. Mary Jessica, 2020).
The purpose of this study is to perform a comparative longitudinal analysis on Global Inflation with a special emphasis on Indian Economy.
The study aims to observe the positive cause-effect relationship between the rise of money supply and circulation in the economy and the succeeding rise in housing prices.
As Gregory Wolfe theorised, “The inflation of our time is intimately connected with some of its most obdurate ideas, forces, postulates, and institutions and can be overcome only by influencing these profound causes and conditions. It is not just a disorder of the monetary system which can be left to financial experts to redress, it is a moral disease, a disorder of society. This inflation, too, belongs to the things which can be understood and remedied only in the area beyond supply and demand.”
Friedman’s permanent income hypothesis suggests that people would change their desired consumption if changes in housing prices affect their expected lifetime wealth. Moreover, an inflationary housing market can be termed essentially, as one of the most major contributors to a nation’s overall inflation (Jared Bernstein, Ernie Tedeschi, and Sarah Robinson, 2021).
A comparative longitudinal analysis on inflation can provide significant insights into the evolution of prices over time. By comparing inflation rates across different countries, researchers can identify patterns and commonalities that can help explain the underlying causes of inflation.
Additionally, by looking at inflation over a long period of time, this research can help economists, administrators and businesses in identifying periods of high and low inflation to investigate the factors that may have contributed to these changes. In general, inflation is defined as a sustained increase in the price level of goods and services in an economy.
Over time, inflation can erode the purchasing power of a currency, as prices for goods and services rise faster than the currency’s value. There are a variety of factors that can contribute to inflation, including increases in the cost of production, changes in monetary policy, and demand-side pressures.
https://zenodo.org/record/7942937#.ZGQQyPdX6Ed
Financial development and economic growth in nigeriaAlexander Decker
The document discusses the relationship between financial development and economic growth in Nigeria. It analyzes previous literature on the topic which shows mixed findings on the direction of the relationship. The study aims to contribute new evidence on how financial development impacts economic growth in Nigeria using time series data and econometric modeling. Preliminary results suggest a long-run relationship between financial development indicators like bank credit and economic growth as measured by GDP. However, some variables like lending rates did not have the expected effect. The paper concludes with recommendations for policies to strengthen this relationship and foster growth.
This study examined the effect interest rate on economic growth in Nigeria. Augmented Dickey – Fuller (ADF), Bound Test and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) were employed to examine the effect of impact of interest rate on economic growth in Nigeria. The unit root test showed gross domestic product was 1(0) while interest rate, investment and gross capital formation were 1(1). The result of the Bound Test indicated long run relationship among the macroeconomic variables employed in the study. The result of the ARDL indicated that interest rate had negative effect on economic growth both in short run and long run. However, in the long run investment and gross capital formation were established to have positive effect on economic growth with gross capital formation being insignificant. It was concluded that interest rate has a macroeconomic tool is not effective in stimulating economic growth in Nigeria. It was recommended that the level of interest rate should be adequately controlled for the purpose of stimulating economic growth without inflationary pressure. Finally, robust macroeconomic policies aimed at ensuring economic stability should be formulated in order to increase capital formation and attract investment in order to promote economic growth.
This document analyzes the relationship between inflation and economic growth in Qatar from 1980 to 2016. It finds that inflation and economic growth are cointegrated, indicating a long-run relationship. A Granger causality test shows causality runs from inflation to economic growth. The study uses time series analysis methods including unit root tests, Johansen cointegration, and Granger causality tests. Unit root tests show inflation and economic growth are non-stationary in levels but stationary in first differences. Johansen cointegration finds the variables are cointegrated, implying a long-run equilibrium relationship. The Granger causality test then finds causality runs from inflation to economic growth in the long-run.
Extant literature revealed that international trade plays a key role to address the economic phenomena and can help to earn foreign exchange. Despite the accruable benefits from international trade and the countrys huge oil export that account for about 90 of its foreign exchange earnings, Nigerias trade balance and exchange rate remain unfavourable. The persistent rise in Nigerias exchange rate and unfavourable trade balance in recent time warrants an empirical probe. This study therefore examines the effect of exchange rate, domestic income, foreign income, consumption expenditure, money supply and interest rate on trade balance using a secondary time series data covering a period of thirty years from 1991 2020. The study employed a regression technique of the Ordinary Least Square OLS . All data used were secondary data obtained from the statistical bulletin of Central Bank of Nigeria CBN and National Bureau of Statistics NBS annual publications. After determining stationarity of the study variables using the ADF Statistic, it was discovered that the variables were all integrated at level, first and second difference, and found out to be stationary at their first difference. The study also using Johansen Cointegration Test, found that there is a long run relationship between the variables. Hence, the implication of this result is that there is a long run relationship between trade balance and other variables used in the model. From the result of the OLS, it is observed that exchange rate, domestic income, foreign income and money supply have a positive and significant impact on trade balance in Nigeria. The study recommends that the government should fixed or peg on the exchange rate through the central bank. This will enable the government to buy and sell its own currency against the currency to which it is pegged. The government should strive to reduce inflation to make exports more competitive. The government should also enhance supply side policies to increase long term competitiveness. Edokobi, Tonna David | Okpala, Ngozi Eugenia | Okoye, Nonso John "Exchange Rate and Trade Balance Nexus" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45079.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/public-sector-management/45079/exchange-rate-and-trade-balance-nexus/edokobi-tonna-david
The document discusses foreign direct investment (FDI) in India and its impact on the Indian economy. It provides background on the growth of FDI in India since 1991 and its importance for both home and host countries. The objectives of the study are to analyze the current status of FDI in India and measure the impact of FDI on India's GDP. Statistical data shows that while FDI inflows have fluctuated year-to-year, they have generally trended upward, reaching over Rs. 291697 crores in 2016-17. An analysis of sector-wise FDI finds that most sectors have seen increasing FDI, with services, telecom, software/hardware and automobiles receiving the most.
Foreign capital flows depends on the prevailing monetary forces as supported by capital flows
theory and the mechanism linking these two variables is that contraction of net domestic assets through an
open market sale of bonds will place upward pressure on domestic interest rates. Higher interest rates attract
foreign funds, generating a capital inflow which relieves the pressure on domestic interest rates. Has this
actually happened? It is against this backdrop that the present study investigated the impact of monetary policy
on international capital inflows in Nigeria for a period of 22 years (1994-2015) using time series data. The
autoregressive distributed lag technique revealed that the short-run and long-run significant determinants of
foreign capital inflows are largely from broad money supply, nominal exchange rate, inflation rate and interest
rates spread except inflation rate that is insignificant in the long-run. This outcome upholds theoretical
prediction. Long-run equilibrium relationship was found between the dependent variable and the regressors.
Further examination of the short run dynamics of the model showed that the speed of adjustment coefficients
ECM (-1) to restore equilibrium have a negative sign and statistically significant at 1% level, ensuring that
long-run equilibrium can be attained and about 89% of the short-run deviation from the equilibrium (long-run)
position is corrected annually to maintain the equilibrium. Since the empirical evidence revealed that monetary
aggregates such as broad money supply, nominal exchange rate, inflation rate and interest rates spread
influence foreign capital inflows, it is therefore recommended that government should continue to pursue
expansionary monetary policy and foreign exchange policies that would ensure competitiveness of the
economy in order to attract the much needed foreign capital inflows that would engender economic growth.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been seen as an important factor influencing economic growth directly and indirectly in both developed and developing countries. This study assesses the impact of FDI on growth in Ghana since the return to constitutional rule in 1993. The study uses time series data from 1993 to 2016. Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lagged model (ARDL), the study finds a positive impact of FDI on growth both in the short-run and long-run. However, there is a lag period of two. The study equally finds that Gross Saving has a positive impact on growth. On the other hand inflation has a negative effect on growth both in the short and long run. The study also discovered that FDI granger causes growth but GDP does not granger cause FDI. Post-election years with incidence of political uncertainty slow down FDI inflow into Ghana. The study recommends the adoption of stringent fiscal and monetary policies to keep inflation low. It also recommends maintaining and improving the liberal market environment to attract investors, policies to encourage saving, and improving on political transitions to avoid uncertainties for investors.
This study examined the relationship between interest rate and economic growth in Nigeria, using secondary time series panel data for the period 1985 – 2014. Data was collected from various issues of the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin and the National Bureau of Statistics. The study employed Augmented Dicker-Fuller (ADF) unit root tests as well as Johansen co-integration test followed by Error Correlation Model (ECM) approach. The ADF unit root test results indicated that the variables are all stationary at first difference. The variables were integrated of order one (1) which implies that the null hypothesis of non-stationary for all the variables of interest is rejected. The Johansen co-integration test result revealed the existence of two co-integrating relationship between the variables at 5% level of significance. The study proceeded to perform the ECM approach and found that interest rate is inversely related to economic growth, but the relationship is statistically insignificant. The recommended that monetary authorities should adopt appropriate polices that would promote and stimulate economic growth in Nigeria.
The document discusses various pricing strategies and concepts. It lists the group members working on pricing products and services. It then defines pricing and explores how prices affect business. Various pricing approaches are discussed, including mark-up pricing, cost-plus pricing using absorption costing, elasticity of demand approaches, and target costing. Drawbacks of different approaches are also highlighted.
This document provides a financial analysis of Meezan Bank. It begins with an acknowledgement and introduces the project and team. It then provides an introduction to Meezan Bank, outlining its history and operations. The document discusses Meezan Bank's vision, mission, products and services. It also includes a SWOT analysis and discusses various ratios used in specialized financial analysis of banks, such as earning assets to total assets and loans loss coverage ratio. The document aims to analyze Meezan Bank's financial performance and position.
This document outlines the whistleblowing procedure for JERS Engineering Consultants. It establishes a whistleblowing committee and investigation process. The procedure encourages employees to report improper or unethical conduct through confidential channels like a dedicated phone line or email. Reports should provide details of what happened, who was involved, when, where, and how. Investigations will be conducted to determine if wrongdoing occurred. If so, appropriate disciplinary action will be taken against the wrongdoer. Whistleblowers are protected from retaliation and may receive rewards for bringing issues forward. The goal is to address wrongdoing in a fair and confidential manner.
This document provides details about a proposed partnership business venture to open a coffee shop. The venture will be located in DC Colony, Gujranwala and involve 5 partners who will each contribute Rs. 10 lakh. The business will be a partnership registered under the Partnership Act of 1932. The estimated budget is Rs. 50 lakh. The document outlines the management structure, products and services offered, marketing and expansion plans, equipment, staffing and financial projections for the venture.
2017 maqsood & kousar stock market terminologiesTehmina Kousar
The document defines various stock market terminology over 27 pages. It defines terms like index, short sale, cross, odd lot, board lot, ask, beta, blue chip company, diversification, liquidity, limit order, call option, market capitalization, quote, trading volume, going long, bid ask spread, bid, defensive stock, bull, buy-in, falling knife, street price, capital structure, stock split, bull market, convertible securities, bear market, fill or kill, lame duck of the market, over the counter market, buy-and-hold, fund of funds, arbitrage, dumping, rigging, demurrage, strading, clogging, bagel land, and bear
This document discusses operations and production management and supply chain management. It provides definitions of supply chain, upstream and downstream flows, and the three types of flows - material, information, and capital. It describes supply chain management functions at the strategic, tactical, and operational levels. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of supply chain management, differences between manufacturing and service industry supply chains, and importance of supply chain management for customer service, reducing costs, and improving quality of life.
The document discusses several political factors that can affect business, including corruption, trade controls, bureaucracy, and changes in laws/regulations. It notes that political instability can negatively impact investment and economic growth by creating uncertainty. Political instability arises from issues like disrespecting citizens' rights, corruption, unfair elections, unemployment, suppression of opposition, and leaders holding onto power for too long. Businesses should monitor the political environment because changes can influence strategy through impacts on markets, regulations, and the overall economic situation.
2. Elemental Economics - Mineral demand.pdfNeal Brewster
After this second you should be able to: Explain the main determinants of demand for any mineral product, and their relative importance; recognise and explain how demand for any product is likely to change with economic activity; recognise and explain the roles of technology and relative prices in influencing demand; be able to explain the differences between the rates of growth of demand for different products.
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3. Objective
This paper examines the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI),
economic growth and financial development in Cabo Verde for the period
1987-2014.
Variables
There are two types of variables
GDP Dependent variable
FDI Independent variable
4. Overview of Economy:
• Economy of Cabo Verde is concentrated in services, which represents a
significant proportion of country GDP.
• From 1975 to around 1993, GDP per capita grew annually at a rate of
between 3% and 4% achieved primilary.
• From 1994 to 2014 Cabo Verde has an average annual GDP growth rate of
some 5.56%.
• In 2012 tourism a dominant part about 70% of GDP.
• Agriculture accounted for less than 10% of GDP.
• Economy of Cabo Verde in 2014 grew by 1.8%, driven by the recovery of
FDI.
5. Literature Review
YEARS AUTHORS RESEARCH QUESTIONS FINDINGS
1992 Blomstrom, M., Lipsey, R. E., &
Zejan, M.
What explains developing country
growth?
found that inward FDI is a source of
economic growth only for a country
already at the certain level of
development.
1998 Borensztein, De Gregorio, & Lee, How does foreign direct investment affect
economic growth?
Human capital is determinant for growth
its integration into market increase
economic growth
2003
2004
2010
Hermes and Lensink
Alfaro, Chanda, Kalemli-Ozcan, and Sayek
Azman-Saini, Law, and Ahmad
Foreign direct investment, financial
development and economic growth
FDI has a positive effect on the
economic growth in countries that
have a developed financial market.
2016 Faisal, Muhamad, and Tursoy . Impact of Economic Growth, Foreign
Direct Investment and Financial
Development on Stock Prices in China
unidirectional short-run Granger causality
from stock prices to economic growth and
from economic growth to FDI.
6. Model Specification
The generalized model used in this paper based on New Endogenous theory is
built on augment Production function
Y =𝑓(𝐹𝐷𝐼, 𝐷𝐶𝑃𝑆, 𝑀2, 𝐼𝑁𝐹)
Economic growth (GDP) is dependent variable as the
FDI is independent variable
Domestic credit in private sector (DCPS) , Money Supply(M2) &
Inflation(INF) are measured from GDP as percentage
7. Data Source
The annual Times Series cover a period of 27 years (1987-2014). The data has been
obtained from
• World development indicators (WDI)
• United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Methodology
Methodology involves the use of
• Bound test approach to Cointegration(ARDL)
• As well as the ECM-Granger causality analysis.
Perform these analysis through EVIEWS 9
8. Empirical results
• FDI & M2 have significant relationship with economic growth in long run
at 5% & 10% significant level
• The empirical results obtained for the long-run indicated that increasing FDI
and M2 increase economic growth in the country.
• the results indicated that DCPS has a negative relationship with economic
growth.
9. Conclusion
• This paper concluded that foreign direct investment (FDI) have positive
effect not only in the Short run but also in Long run
• That conclude FDI stimulates economic growth in Cabo Verde. And also
find that Economic Growth and DCPS are important determinants of FDI in
the country.
Limitations
The small sample size that finding could be very important for the adoptation
of appropriate policy to attract more foreign direct investment to the country