This document is an industrial internship report submitted by Sujeet Kumar Yadav for their Bachelor of Technology degree. It details their internship focused on Android app development. The report includes chapters on introducing apps and Android, knowing Android, starting an Android project, important Android concepts, and examples of apps created including ones for audio/video recording and using seek bars. It provides an overview of their learning and experience developing basic Android apps during their internship.
Android App Development Project in College Logan Smith
Android is a software platform and operating system for mobile devices based on the Linux operating system and developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance. It allows developers to write managed code in a Java-like language that utilizes Google-developed Java libraries, but does not support programs developed in native code. The unveiling of the Android platform on 5 November 2007 was announced with the founding of the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 34 hardware, software and telecom companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices. When released in 2008, most of the Android platform will be made available under the Apache free-software and open-source license.
Mobile Application Development with AndroidIJAAS Team
The Android is mobile platform. It is an open source and free operating system application, by Google it is developed and maintained. It was designed essentially for touch screen mobile devices, such as and tablet, computers, smart phones, watch television, cars etc. Android is one of the most widely used mobile OS. Android is a not only operating system but also key applications and middleware. Android is an open source operating system. It is developed by the open handset Alliance, led by Google, and other companies. Those are used to android studio 2.2.3 version and development the mobile application.
Welcome To
The Definitive Guide to Android App Development
With the introduction of smartphones, usage of mobile phones has increased dramatically. The way we consume material, do business, and go about our daily lives has altered as a result of smartphones. Because Android powers 85% of smartphones, developing Android apps is a requirement for any internet business worth its salt. The Google Plays tore is now being overrun with thousands of apps every day as a result of this. Everything is now accessible with a few clicks, including ordering food, hailing a cab, seeking work, and finding amusement. If you have the motivation to study Android App Development you can create any number of apps on your own, even though hiring an app development firm or company can be a quick method to get apps.
Android Introduction
Android is a mobile operating system that powers about 2.5 billion devices. Some of the device types powered by Android include phones, televisions, tablets, cameras, game consoles, car systems, and smart wearables. Android devices come in a variety of hardware combinations, but the operating system supports a number of standard functions like storage, cameras, connection, messaging, and more.
Android devices offer notable capabilities via the Android platform, some of which include: Widgets-provide quick access to information on the home screen, such as the current weather; Some of the typical features include a QR code scanner and custom ROMs, which let users modify or customize Android operating systems to their liking.
• Starting Your Android App Development Adventure
• Development of Android Applications: An Introduction
The development of an android-based mobile application for your company is referred to as android app development. Your core toolkit as an Android app developer should include knowledge of Java and C++. It is a prerequisite for beginning the process of developing Android mobile apps. The following software toolkits are provided by Android to help new Android developers get started:
• Integrated Development Kit (IDK) for Software Development Kits
• JDK, or Java Software Development Kit
Tools for creating, debugging, and simulating applications are provided by SDK. The IDE offers an interface for writing codes as well as a GUI for accessing SDK features. The preferred IDE is called Android Studio. In Android Studio, SDK Manager is informed by SDK packages. JDK is set up.
Programming Languages for the Development of Android Applications. Different programming languages (PL) can be used to create Android apps. The level of your proficiency in various programming languages, the advantages and disadvantages of each PL, and—most importantly—what you hope to accomplish with your app—all influence the language you choose.
Several languages are used to create Android mobile applications:
• Java: Java is the official programming language used to create Android applications. Java is open source, safe, and user-friendly.
Android App Development Project in College Logan Smith
Android is a software platform and operating system for mobile devices based on the Linux operating system and developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance. It allows developers to write managed code in a Java-like language that utilizes Google-developed Java libraries, but does not support programs developed in native code. The unveiling of the Android platform on 5 November 2007 was announced with the founding of the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 34 hardware, software and telecom companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices. When released in 2008, most of the Android platform will be made available under the Apache free-software and open-source license.
Mobile Application Development with AndroidIJAAS Team
The Android is mobile platform. It is an open source and free operating system application, by Google it is developed and maintained. It was designed essentially for touch screen mobile devices, such as and tablet, computers, smart phones, watch television, cars etc. Android is one of the most widely used mobile OS. Android is a not only operating system but also key applications and middleware. Android is an open source operating system. It is developed by the open handset Alliance, led by Google, and other companies. Those are used to android studio 2.2.3 version and development the mobile application.
Welcome To
The Definitive Guide to Android App Development
With the introduction of smartphones, usage of mobile phones has increased dramatically. The way we consume material, do business, and go about our daily lives has altered as a result of smartphones. Because Android powers 85% of smartphones, developing Android apps is a requirement for any internet business worth its salt. The Google Plays tore is now being overrun with thousands of apps every day as a result of this. Everything is now accessible with a few clicks, including ordering food, hailing a cab, seeking work, and finding amusement. If you have the motivation to study Android App Development you can create any number of apps on your own, even though hiring an app development firm or company can be a quick method to get apps.
Android Introduction
Android is a mobile operating system that powers about 2.5 billion devices. Some of the device types powered by Android include phones, televisions, tablets, cameras, game consoles, car systems, and smart wearables. Android devices come in a variety of hardware combinations, but the operating system supports a number of standard functions like storage, cameras, connection, messaging, and more.
Android devices offer notable capabilities via the Android platform, some of which include: Widgets-provide quick access to information on the home screen, such as the current weather; Some of the typical features include a QR code scanner and custom ROMs, which let users modify or customize Android operating systems to their liking.
• Starting Your Android App Development Adventure
• Development of Android Applications: An Introduction
The development of an android-based mobile application for your company is referred to as android app development. Your core toolkit as an Android app developer should include knowledge of Java and C++. It is a prerequisite for beginning the process of developing Android mobile apps. The following software toolkits are provided by Android to help new Android developers get started:
• Integrated Development Kit (IDK) for Software Development Kits
• JDK, or Java Software Development Kit
Tools for creating, debugging, and simulating applications are provided by SDK. The IDE offers an interface for writing codes as well as a GUI for accessing SDK features. The preferred IDE is called Android Studio. In Android Studio, SDK Manager is informed by SDK packages. JDK is set up.
Programming Languages for the Development of Android Applications. Different programming languages (PL) can be used to create Android apps. The level of your proficiency in various programming languages, the advantages and disadvantages of each PL, and—most importantly—what you hope to accomplish with your app—all influence the language you choose.
Several languages are used to create Android mobile applications:
• Java: Java is the official programming language used to create Android applications. Java is open source, safe, and user-friendly.
Android Design Patterns in Mobile Application Development - Michalis Grigorop...Michail Grigoropoulos
Design patterns help developers and designers to solve common design problems by using tested and user friendly solutions. The term can be applied to both directions to build a thing and the thing itself. The purpose of this study is to present such solutions and examine their applicability in android application development and user experience. For the study's purposes, an application called "Messeme" was developed based on some of the design patterns that are presented in the Second section of this Thesis.
Android is a mobile operating system based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open-source software, designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
Evolution of Android Operating System and it’s Versionsijtsrd
Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications. It can be considered as a software platform as well as an operating system for mobile devices based on the Linux operating system and currently developed by Google. It is designed primarily for touch screens mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. One of the most widely used mobile OS these days is android. It is free and open source software its source code is known as Android Open Source Project AOSP , which is primarily licensed under the Apache License. This Paper Contains android architecture consists of key applications, Application framework, Native libraries, Android runtime, DVM, Linux Kernal., Many versions of Android Operating System are KitKat, JellyBean, Honeycomb, Froyo etc… Advantages and Disadvantages of Android and also the conclusion. Aishwarya Gujar | Prof. Pratibha Adkar "Evolution of Android Operating System and it’s Versions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42519.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/computer-engineering/42519/evolution-of-android-operating-system-and-it’s-versions/aishwarya-gujar
Android is a mobile operating system based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open-source software, designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
Android is one of an Open source platforms. It is created by Google and owned by
Open Handset Alliance. It is designed with goal “accelerate innovation in mobile” As
such android has taken over a field of mobile innovation. It is definitely free and open
platform that differs hardware from software that runs on it. It results for much more
devices be running the same application. Also it gives possibility of friendlier
environment for developers and consumers. Android it is complete software package
for a mobile device. Since the beginning android team offers the developing kit (tool
and frameworks) for creating mobile applications quick and easy as possible. In some
cases you do not specially need an android phone but you are very welcome to have
one. It can work right out of the box, but of course users can customize it for their
particular needs. For manufactures it is ready and free solution for their devices. Except
specific drivers android community provides everything else to create their devices.
right now android is becoming very good platform for IT professionals who want to switch their career and as well as seeking android job oriented training from Trainings24x7, fresher can get the job easily in IT industry.
Questions About Android Application DevelopmentAdeel Rasheed
In this file i describe all the important questions about android application development.
What is Android?
What is an Activity?
Describe android application architecture?
What is explicit intent?
What is APK format?
What is implicit intent?
What language does Android support to develop an application?
Excellence Technology provides best Android Training Course in Chandigarh providing top class Android training in Chandigarh. To students & other who are looking for best Android Development Course In Chandigarh. In this Training We will cover all Aspects Android Development From Basic to Advance in very Easiest way. It offers 45days/2month/3month/6months training in Chandigarh. In the era of technology it is changing our life. Join our 100% Job oriented training & your first job in Android Development Industry.Excellence Technology is one of the top ISO satisfied company in Chandigarh and Mohali . We provide Best industrial training institute in Chandigarh , and also provide best PHP Training ,java training , Full Stack Development course ,Digital marketing and Top Android Training Course In Chandigarh. . Excellence Technology, Chandigarh offers Course Certification of best Android Training Course in Chandigarh .
Android Design Patterns in Mobile Application Development - Michalis Grigorop...Michail Grigoropoulos
Design patterns help developers and designers to solve common design problems by using tested and user friendly solutions. The term can be applied to both directions to build a thing and the thing itself. The purpose of this study is to present such solutions and examine their applicability in android application development and user experience. For the study's purposes, an application called "Messeme" was developed based on some of the design patterns that are presented in the Second section of this Thesis.
Android is a mobile operating system based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open-source software, designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
Evolution of Android Operating System and it’s Versionsijtsrd
Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications. It can be considered as a software platform as well as an operating system for mobile devices based on the Linux operating system and currently developed by Google. It is designed primarily for touch screens mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. One of the most widely used mobile OS these days is android. It is free and open source software its source code is known as Android Open Source Project AOSP , which is primarily licensed under the Apache License. This Paper Contains android architecture consists of key applications, Application framework, Native libraries, Android runtime, DVM, Linux Kernal., Many versions of Android Operating System are KitKat, JellyBean, Honeycomb, Froyo etc… Advantages and Disadvantages of Android and also the conclusion. Aishwarya Gujar | Prof. Pratibha Adkar "Evolution of Android Operating System and it’s Versions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42519.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/computer-engineering/42519/evolution-of-android-operating-system-and-it’s-versions/aishwarya-gujar
Android is a mobile operating system based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open-source software, designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
Android is one of an Open source platforms. It is created by Google and owned by
Open Handset Alliance. It is designed with goal “accelerate innovation in mobile” As
such android has taken over a field of mobile innovation. It is definitely free and open
platform that differs hardware from software that runs on it. It results for much more
devices be running the same application. Also it gives possibility of friendlier
environment for developers and consumers. Android it is complete software package
for a mobile device. Since the beginning android team offers the developing kit (tool
and frameworks) for creating mobile applications quick and easy as possible. In some
cases you do not specially need an android phone but you are very welcome to have
one. It can work right out of the box, but of course users can customize it for their
particular needs. For manufactures it is ready and free solution for their devices. Except
specific drivers android community provides everything else to create their devices.
right now android is becoming very good platform for IT professionals who want to switch their career and as well as seeking android job oriented training from Trainings24x7, fresher can get the job easily in IT industry.
Questions About Android Application DevelopmentAdeel Rasheed
In this file i describe all the important questions about android application development.
What is Android?
What is an Activity?
Describe android application architecture?
What is explicit intent?
What is APK format?
What is implicit intent?
What language does Android support to develop an application?
Excellence Technology provides best Android Training Course in Chandigarh providing top class Android training in Chandigarh. To students & other who are looking for best Android Development Course In Chandigarh. In this Training We will cover all Aspects Android Development From Basic to Advance in very Easiest way. It offers 45days/2month/3month/6months training in Chandigarh. In the era of technology it is changing our life. Join our 100% Job oriented training & your first job in Android Development Industry.Excellence Technology is one of the top ISO satisfied company in Chandigarh and Mohali . We provide Best industrial training institute in Chandigarh , and also provide best PHP Training ,java training , Full Stack Development course ,Digital marketing and Top Android Training Course In Chandigarh. . Excellence Technology, Chandigarh offers Course Certification of best Android Training Course in Chandigarh .
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
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How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
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Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
report A K Maurya.pdf
1. INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIP REPORT
ON
“Android App Development”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING
Submitted By
Sujeet Kumar Yadav , Roll no. (18351)
Department of Information Technology
Institute of Engineering &Technology
Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University Ayodhya
Uttar Pradesh-224001 2021-22
2. CERTIFICATE
Certified that training work entitled “ Android app Development ” is a
bonafied work carried out in the seventh semester by “ Sujeet Kumar
Yadav” In partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of Bachelor of
Technology in Information Technology from Institute of Engineering &
Technology , Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University Ayodhya during
the academic year 2021-2022.
Mr. Awadhesh Maurya
Assistant Professor , IT
Prof. Mohit Gangwar (H.O.D)
IT Deptt.
3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to acknowledge the contributions of the following people without whose
help and guidance this report would not have been completed.
I acknowledge the counsel and support of our mentor, Mr. Awadhesh Maurya,
Assistant Professor, IT Department, with respect and gratitude, whose expertise,
guidance, support, encouragement, and enthusiasm has made this report possible.
Their feedback vastly improved the quality of this report and provided an enthralling
experience. I am indeed proud and fortunate to be supported by him.
I am also thankful to Prof. Mohit Gangwar, H.O.D of Information Technology , Institute
of Engineering & Technology , Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University Ayodhya, Uttar
Pradesh for his constant encouragement, valuable suggestions and moral support and
blessings.
Although it is not possible to name individually, I shall ever remain indebted to the faculty
members of Awadhesh Maurya Institute of Engineering & Technology , Uttar Pradesh for
their persistent support and cooperation extended during this work.
This acknowledgement will remain incomplete if I fail to express our deep sense of
obligation to my parents and God for their consistent blessings and encouragement.
Sujeet Kumar Yadav
4. Chapter – 1
Introduction
1.1 What is an app?
App is an abbreviated form of the word "application". An application is a software
program that is designed to a specific function directly for the user which can be access
easily.
1.2 What is an Android?
Android is an open source operating System for mobile devices such as
smart-phones and tablet,computers. Android offers a unified approach to
application development for mobile devices which means developers need to
develop only for Android, and their applications should be able to run on different
devices powered by android.
Android was developed by the Open Handset Alliance(OHA) , led by Google, and
other companies.Android is mainly based on direct manipulation ,using touch
gestures that looses correspond to real world actions. It provide us with the
manipulate
on-screen object,along with a virtual keyboard for text input.
1.3 History of Android :
Android was initially developed by Android Inc., the code names of android ranges
from A to N.
Founded by Andy Rubin in Palo Alto,California, United States in Oct 2003.
Android word is actually reffered to as robot
5. Android was named after the nickname ofAndy Rubin by their co-workers for his
love for robot.
Google acquired android Incorporation on 17th
Aug,2005.
Android was developed by the Open Handset Alliance(OHA) for camera phone, led by
Google, and other companies.
But shifted to smart-phones due to low market of cameras at that time.
HTC launches the first android mobile.
In 2010,Google launched it’s Nexus series of devices in smart-phone world with
android OS.
1.4 Android Version:
1. Android 1.0, 1.1(Base,Base_1_1)
2. Android 1.5(Cupcake)
3. Android 1.6(Donut)
4. Android 2.0(Eclair)
5. Android 2.0.1(Eclair_0_1)
6. Android 2.1.x(Eclair_MR1)
7. Android 2.2.x(Froyo)
8. Android 2.3 - 2.3.2(Gingerbread)
9. Android 2.3.3 - 2.3.4(Gingerbread_MR1)
10.Android 3.0.x, 3.1.x, 3.2(HoneyComb, HC _MR1, HC_Mr2)
11. Android 4.0 - 4.0.2, 4.0.3 - 4.0.4((Ice_Cream_Sandwich,ICS_MR1)
12.Android 4.1 - 4.1.1, 4.2 - 4.2.2,4.3(Jelly_Bean, JB_MR1, JB_MR2)
13.Android 4.4, 4.4W (Kitkat, K_Watch)
14.Android 5.0, 5.1(Lollipop, L_MR1)
15.Android 6.0 (Marshmallow)
16.Android 7.0 (Nougat)
6. CHAPTER : 2
KNOWINNG ANDROID
We will start our Android application development on any of the following operating
systems:
Microsoft Window XP or later version.
Mac OS X 10.5.8 or later version with Intel chip
Linux including GNU Library with Intel chip.
2.1 Android App Development.
Android app is a combination of different source code in a single place whose action can
be performed just by a single touch.
Example:- Suppose if we want to add two no’s then we just have to click on the calculator
app and enter two no’s and the operand that we have to perform. It makes our work
much easier and this are much user friendly.
So what happen ? How it calculated the answer.
Android programming is based on java programming language so if we have basic
understanding on Java programming then it will be a fun to study Android app
development.
2.2 Java in Android App Development.
Java is a programming language that doesn’t compile to native processor code but rather
it refers to virtual machine which understands an intermediate format i.e; java byte-
code. Each platform that uses java to run needs a virtual device.
An android app uses a android application that runs on android platform. It build on
custom virtual machine that gives its user the addition usage and application power and
7. a user friendly environment. Android actual virtual machine is called Dalvik.
2.3 Android Software Development Kit(Android SDK) :
Apps that extend the functionality of device is written using Android SDK and often using
java programming language.The SDK includes a set of development tools, including a
debugger, software libraries,a handset emulator, sample code,etc.
Initially Google supported Integrated Development Environment(IDE) i.e; Eclipse
using the Android Development Tools(ADT) plugins. Other development tools are also
available such as Native Development Kit(NDK). Android Studio that is based on Intellij
IDEA developed by Google as its primary IDE for android app development. Android
is a selection of third-party application which can be acquired by users by
downloading and installing the Android Application Package(APK) file.
2.4 What is API Level ?
API Level is an integer value that uniquely identifies the framework API revision
offered by a version of the Android platform.
2.5 Features of Android :
It is an open source user friendly software
It has beautiful user interface
It reduced cost of development
It has rich development environment
Inter application Integration
It support single and bi-directional text
It uses Dalvik virtual machine- optimized version for mobil
8. 2.6 Android Application :
They are generally developed in the java language using the Android SDK
Android applications can be packaged easily and sold out either
through a store such as Google play,etc.
There are many android applications that we already know and uses them few
are music,news,weather,etc
Many android application are also available for free most of them are already
available in play store.
This apps are compatible with almost every platform but few are also available for the
specific platform..
9. CHAPTER 3:
OVERVIEW AND STARTING
WITH
ANDROID
3.1 Overview
Android applications are freely available and can be downloaded from the Web.
Following is the list of software's you will need before you start your Android application
programming.
This all software required in the installation of Android application.This setup is required
for the configuration with RAM less or more than 4gb:
Java JDK5 or JDK6
Download the latest version of Java JDK and install the JDK and set the
environmental path for it.
Android SDK
Download Android SDK from Android’s official website :
http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html
If you install SDK either on Mac OS or Linux, follow the instruction and setup the
environment path.
Launch Android SDK Manager using option All Program>Android SDK Tools>SDK
Manager
Eclipse IDE for Java Developers
Check for the version that is compatible with your device and install it.
Or, Android Development Tools (ADT) Eclipse Plugin
This step will help you in setting Android Development Tool plugin for Eclipse.
Let's start with launching Eclipse and then, choose Help > Software Updates > Install
New Software
10. 3.2 Android Virtual Device
To test our android application we will need a virtual Android device. Before start
writing our code we create an Android Virtual Device Android operating system is a
stack of software components which is roughly divided into five sections and four
main layers :
Application
You will find all the Android application at the top layer. You will write your
application to be installed on this layer only
Application Framework
The Application Framework layer provides many higher-level services to applications in
the form of Java classes.
Libraries
There is a set of libraries including open-source Web browser engine WebKit, well known
library libc, SQLite database,etc.
And , Android Runtime :
This is the third section of the architecture and available on the second layer from the
bottom. This section provides a key component called Dalvik Virtual Machine which is
a kind of Java Virtual Machine specially designed and optimized for Android
Linux Kernel
At the bottom of the layers is Linux,This provides basic system functionality like process
management, memory management, device management like camera, keypad, display
etc.
3.3 Application Component
Application components are the essential building blocks of an Android application.
These component are loosely coupled by the application manifest file, i.e;
Android-
11. -Manifest.xml
Following four main component that can be used within an Android application :
1) Activities :- They dictate the UI and handle the user interaction to the smartphone
screen public class MainActivity extends Activity
{ }
2)Services :- They handle background processing associated with an application
public class MyService extends Service
{ }
3)Broadcast Receivers :- They handle communication between Android OS and applications
public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{ }
4)Content Providers :- They handle data and database management
issues. public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider
{ }
3.4 Additional Component :
There are additional components which will be used in the construction of
above mentioned entities, their logic, and wiring between them.They are :
1) Fragments :- Represent a behavior or a portion of user interface in an Activity.
2) Views :- UI elements that are drawn onscreen including buttons, lists forms etc
3) Layouts :- View hierarchies that control screen format and appearance of the views
4) Intents :- Messages wiring components together.
5) Resources :- External elements, such as strings, constants and drawable pictures
6) Manifest :- Configuration file for the application
12. 3.5 Creating our first android app : Displaying “Hello World” :
The first step is to create a simple Android Application using Android Studio.Follow
the option File -> New -> New Project ->Enter application name in the pop-up
window.Then select a Empty activity->next->Activity name->Finish.
(I) Empty Activity selected
13. (II) Activity name, it automatically create a layout name file related to your activity
Fig. 3.1 Creating Activity
Java coding for hello world : MainActivity.java
15. (II) Coding and design view of xml file
Fig. 3.2 File extension for MainActivity is activity_main.xml
16. Result on the Android Virtual Device is :
Fig. 3.3 Android Virtual Device Showing result
17. CHAPTER 4:
SOME IMPORTANT CONCEPT IN ANDROID
Before going to project that I made we need to know some basic concept of Android
for better understanding.
Since every project that we do in android studio must contain this files:-
.java file
.xml file
AndroidMenifest file
4.1 .javaFile :
This file include all the codes and logic written in it.
We can open it in the android project -> app -> java ->
com.example.username.filename -> MainActivity.java
When we run our program methods that are called :
- onCreate(Bundle) :- It is used to initialize our activity.
-setContentView(int) :- It is a layout resource defining our User
Interface.
-findViewById(int) :- It is used to retrieve widgets in the that UI that
we need to interact.
-onPause() :- Where we deal with the user leaving activity.
4.2 .xmlFile :
It is used to define the actual User Interface of our application.
We can open the .xml from app -> res ->layout -> ActivityName.xml
18. We can find all the elements or the tools that we want to use in our project.
It has two different layout i.e; a coding layout where we can code for our required
elements needed like buttons, text views,etc.
Or, we can directly drag and drop the required elements in the given design layout.
The Android framework gives us the flexibility to use either or both
of these methods for declaring and managing our apps UI.
4.3 Manifest File :
Every application must have an AndroidManifest.xml file in its root directory.
It provides an essential information about app to the android system.
It provides us the information about the permission that we hav
given the app to access our device.
No. of activities we have use in our app
4.4 ANDROID UI WIDGETS :
A widget is a simple application extension that is often part of a
larger application that are already inbuilt.
It comes in all shapes and sizes, and are customizable and are
available for quick access.
4.5 Some of U
II Widget are:
Button : Android Button represents a push-button. The
android.widget. Button is subclass of TextView class and Compound-Button is the
subclass of Button class. Types of button are : RadioButton , ToggleButton,
ImageButton, etc.
Spinner : Android Spinner is like the drop-down box of AWT or Swing.
19. It can be used to display the multiple options to the user in which only one item can
be selected.
Android Spinner class is the subclass of AsbSpinner class.
ToggleButton : Android ToggleButton and Switch both are the subclasses of
CompoundButton class.
Android Toggle Button can be used to display checked/unchecked state on
the button.
It is beneficial if user have to change the setting between two
states. Exp : Bluetooth on/off, music sound on/off, etc.
CheckBox : Android CheckBox class is also the subclass of CompoundButton
class.
Android CheckBox can be either checked or unchecked.
We can use more no. of CheckBox.
Many Android application uses our device component such as camera,
Bluetooth,etc. For that all we have to give special permission in the manifest file.
4.6 Camera :
We can directly integrate the camera into your application via the Camera API.
Using the camera on the Android device can be done via integration of the
existing Camera application. In this case you would start the existing Camera
application via an Intent and to get the data after the user returns to our
application.
20. 4.7 Permission given:
In the manifest file we give the following permission to the application to access
the hardware component i.e; camera :
<uses-feature
android:name="android.hardware.Camera"/
>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
After giving permission to the app we also have to give the special permission to
the app through our device to the location ,
Setting -> apps -> open app -> permission -> camera allow -> close setting
25. 4.9 Methods and function :
As many of the topic has been mention in my project frequently. So to know
more about the topic it has been declared within below :
onClickListener :- onClickListener is used to assign a button what to do
on clicking using button.setOnClickListener(new onClickListener) in the
activities onCreate - method.
Intents :- Intents are objects of the android.content.Intent type.It can be
started using startActivity( ) method. It is used to move one activity to
another .It contain the data via a Bundle.
Seekbar :- A seekbar is an extension of a progressbar that adds a draggable
thumb.The user can drag the thumb left or right to set the current
progress level or use the arrow key.
Clients of the SeekBar can attach a SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener
to be notified of the user’s actions.
Toast :- A Toast can be used to display information for the short period of
time. A Toast contains message to be displayed quickly and disappear
after sometime.The android.widget.Toast class is the subclass of
java.lang.Object class.
Syntax :- Toast.makeText(Context context,CharSequence text,int
duration).show( );
26. CONCLUSION
After completing this project, I concluded that this project was the
good opportunity to implement my information that I have learnt
during my industrial program. This project is more informative and
more helpful for understanding the concept of the android app
development. This project is only a small and easy one but it is enough
to implement my concept. I can further try much harder to make much
more efficient and useful app that can benefit to other.
27. Bibliography
Following are the links from which all the information have been taken :
1. https://developer.android.com/training/basics/index.html
2. https://developer.android.com/training/basics/concept/creating-
project.html
3. http://www.hiddenbrains.com/android-application-development.html
4. http://www.letsnurture.com/services/mobile/android-mobile-
application-devel opment.html
5. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/
6. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/