RFID technology can provide significant benefits to the healthcare industry by improving patient safety and supply chain efficiency. Some key benefits include:
1) Enabling better tracking of medical devices, drugs, and patients to prevent errors and exposure to contaminated equipment.
2) Improving inventory visibility to reduce unnecessary stock and costs.
3) Automating processes like tracking radioactive materials to save time and resources.
However, adoption of RFID in healthcare has been slow due to high costs and lack of clear standards. Recent developments like declining prices and new EPC standards are making RFID more compelling. Case studies also show benefits like increased productivity, reduced errors, and improved patient safety.
Labour Cost Savings
Accenture estimates, as reported in Lacy (2005), that the savings in receipt is 6.5%, while 100% of the labour in physical inventory count could be eliminated.
Inventory Reduction
Economist (2003) cites IBM’s estimates to be at 5 to 25%,
Shrinkage and Out-of-Stock Reduction
First, by having visibility so that the inventory record corresponds closer to actual inventory, replenishment can be more accurate, leading to fewer stock outs. Second, the ability to accurately monitor inventory can reduce the process failures, prevent misplacements, and avoid frauds,1 leading to a direct reduction of inventory shrinkage. IBM’s estimate (Alexander et al. 2002) is that shrinkage can reduce by 2/3
This document provides an overview of RFID (radio frequency identification) technology, including its origins, applications, principles, and challenges. It discusses how RFID systems consist of tags and readers that allow for automatic identification of objects. Major applications mentioned include item-level tagging, physical access control, contactless payment, and electronic article surveillance. The document also covers the different operating frequencies, power sources, and functionalities of RFID systems, as well as technical, economic, security and privacy challenges to adoption.
This document provides guidance on meeting FDA requirements for implementing Unique Device Identification (UDI). It addresses common questions about UDI such as who must comply, what a Device Identifier and Production Identifier are, how to register with the FDA and GUDID database, and compliance timelines. The document explains that UDI aims to improve patient safety and healthcare processes by implementing a global standard to identify and trace medical devices.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using NFC (Near Field Communication) technology and Android applications to develop an identification and hospital management system. NFC tags would be placed on patient wristbands and doctor badges to uniquely identify individuals. When an NFC-enabled mobile device is held near a tag, the unique ID is transmitted and patient/doctor records can be automatically accessed from a backend server. This allows for contactless identification, retrieval of medical records, and updating of patient information during rounds. The proposed system aims to streamline workflows and reduce manual paperwork. It was tested successfully between NFC tags, Android applications and a backend server database.
Sanitizer & Disinfectants During COVID 19 – A Brief StudyJohn William
In the ongoing pandemic, the demand for disinfectants and sanitizers has grown manifold. To meet the increasing requirements, the WHO has recommended two formulations based on 75% Isopropyl alcohol and 80% Ethanol separately for local manufacturing. Know more here!
Can I Use My International SDS in Canada?Dell Tech
This session will provide a quick overview of the requirements for the Canadian Safety Data Sheet (SDS). Current Canadian SDSs must comply with the Hazardous Products Regulations (HPR) and in particular, GHS Version 5 statements.
If you manufacture or sell product(s) in other countries, you must have an SDS that is compliant for the country you are looking to sell to. Sending your US SDS and simply translating into Canadian French does not mean that your product SDS is compliant here - a fact that is often overlooked by many.
IRJET - Food Supply Chain Management using Blockchain in Food TraceabilityIRJET Journal
This document proposes a blockchain system for food supply chain management and traceability. Key elements of the system include:
1. Using QR codes scanned at each stage to uniquely identify food packages and record data like ingredients, packaging dates on the blockchain.
2. The blockchain provides a tamper-proof record of each package that can be used to trace sources in case of contamination and ensure food safety.
3. Data from IoT sensors monitoring food quality can also be recorded on the blockchain to help reduce waste by more accurately tracking expiration dates.
The proposed system is designed to improve food safety, prevent adulteration and mislabeling of food, and reduce waste across the global food supply chain using blockchain
This document summarizes an article about the future of implanted computer chips and RFID technology. It discusses current uses of RFID chips like the VeriChip, which is implanted in a person's arm to store medical information. However, it also notes privacy and security concerns if chips were used to store personal details like credit card information. The document outlines potential applications from entertainment and advertising to tracking individuals. It acknowledges that while technology progresses rapidly, implanting chips to directly interface with people's nervous systems or control their minds would cross major ethical lines.
Labour Cost Savings
Accenture estimates, as reported in Lacy (2005), that the savings in receipt is 6.5%, while 100% of the labour in physical inventory count could be eliminated.
Inventory Reduction
Economist (2003) cites IBM’s estimates to be at 5 to 25%,
Shrinkage and Out-of-Stock Reduction
First, by having visibility so that the inventory record corresponds closer to actual inventory, replenishment can be more accurate, leading to fewer stock outs. Second, the ability to accurately monitor inventory can reduce the process failures, prevent misplacements, and avoid frauds,1 leading to a direct reduction of inventory shrinkage. IBM’s estimate (Alexander et al. 2002) is that shrinkage can reduce by 2/3
This document provides an overview of RFID (radio frequency identification) technology, including its origins, applications, principles, and challenges. It discusses how RFID systems consist of tags and readers that allow for automatic identification of objects. Major applications mentioned include item-level tagging, physical access control, contactless payment, and electronic article surveillance. The document also covers the different operating frequencies, power sources, and functionalities of RFID systems, as well as technical, economic, security and privacy challenges to adoption.
This document provides guidance on meeting FDA requirements for implementing Unique Device Identification (UDI). It addresses common questions about UDI such as who must comply, what a Device Identifier and Production Identifier are, how to register with the FDA and GUDID database, and compliance timelines. The document explains that UDI aims to improve patient safety and healthcare processes by implementing a global standard to identify and trace medical devices.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using NFC (Near Field Communication) technology and Android applications to develop an identification and hospital management system. NFC tags would be placed on patient wristbands and doctor badges to uniquely identify individuals. When an NFC-enabled mobile device is held near a tag, the unique ID is transmitted and patient/doctor records can be automatically accessed from a backend server. This allows for contactless identification, retrieval of medical records, and updating of patient information during rounds. The proposed system aims to streamline workflows and reduce manual paperwork. It was tested successfully between NFC tags, Android applications and a backend server database.
Sanitizer & Disinfectants During COVID 19 – A Brief StudyJohn William
In the ongoing pandemic, the demand for disinfectants and sanitizers has grown manifold. To meet the increasing requirements, the WHO has recommended two formulations based on 75% Isopropyl alcohol and 80% Ethanol separately for local manufacturing. Know more here!
Can I Use My International SDS in Canada?Dell Tech
This session will provide a quick overview of the requirements for the Canadian Safety Data Sheet (SDS). Current Canadian SDSs must comply with the Hazardous Products Regulations (HPR) and in particular, GHS Version 5 statements.
If you manufacture or sell product(s) in other countries, you must have an SDS that is compliant for the country you are looking to sell to. Sending your US SDS and simply translating into Canadian French does not mean that your product SDS is compliant here - a fact that is often overlooked by many.
IRJET - Food Supply Chain Management using Blockchain in Food TraceabilityIRJET Journal
This document proposes a blockchain system for food supply chain management and traceability. Key elements of the system include:
1. Using QR codes scanned at each stage to uniquely identify food packages and record data like ingredients, packaging dates on the blockchain.
2. The blockchain provides a tamper-proof record of each package that can be used to trace sources in case of contamination and ensure food safety.
3. Data from IoT sensors monitoring food quality can also be recorded on the blockchain to help reduce waste by more accurately tracking expiration dates.
The proposed system is designed to improve food safety, prevent adulteration and mislabeling of food, and reduce waste across the global food supply chain using blockchain
This document summarizes an article about the future of implanted computer chips and RFID technology. It discusses current uses of RFID chips like the VeriChip, which is implanted in a person's arm to store medical information. However, it also notes privacy and security concerns if chips were used to store personal details like credit card information. The document outlines potential applications from entertainment and advertising to tracking individuals. It acknowledges that while technology progresses rapidly, implanting chips to directly interface with people's nervous systems or control their minds would cross major ethical lines.
VisionID provides pharmaceutical manufacturing solutions including mobile computers, barcode scanners, printers, and wireless technologies to track materials from receipt of raw materials to shipment of finished goods. Their solutions improve quality, compliance, and efficiency throughout the manufacturing and supply chain processes. VisionID's portfolio of hardware, software, and services can integrate smoothly into existing IT systems.
This presentation will provide a comprehensive knowledge on current UDI labeling standards and how medical device companies can implement the best practices to assure compliance.
IRJET- Secure Authentication Scheme for Medicine Anti-Counterfeiting System i...IRJET Journal
1) The document proposes a secure authentication scheme for an anti-counterfeiting medicine system using IoT. It uses NFC tags embedded in medicines to store expiry and other drug details.
2) Currently, expired drugs are sometimes resold by changing the expiry date, endangering patients. The proposed system aims to prevent this by allowing stakeholders and patients to access real-time drug information from the NFC tags.
3) It uses security protocols like Diffie-Hellman key exchange and session keys to authenticate users and prevent attacks like replay and man-in-the-middle attacks. The system is verified for security using the AVISPA tool.
This document provides an overview of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, including its history, components, frequency ranges used, standards and adoption challenges. Key points include:
1) RFID uses radio waves to automatically identify objects using tags attached to or embedded in them. Major retailers like Walmart now require RFID tagging of pallets and cases.
2) An RFID system consists of a microchip tag and antenna that can be read by a scanner. Tags can be passive (drawing power from the reader) or active (with an internal power source).
3) Different frequency ranges including low, high and ultra-high are used depending on read range and material penetration needs. Standardization has helped
IRJET-Major Challenges in Adoption of RFID for Indian SME’sIRJET Journal
The document discusses major challenges in adopting radio frequency identification (RFID) technology for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in India. It analyzes the current state of RFID usage through a survey and literature review. Using analytical hierarchy process, the study evaluates the key challenges that hinder RFID implementation in Indian industries. Standardization issues, security and privacy concerns, high costs, management commitment, technology support and selection of hardware and software are identified as major barriers. The document aims to identify research gaps in addressing challenges faced by developing countries like India in adopting this promising but still emerging technology.
Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) is an automatic identification method, relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using devices called RFID tags or transponders
The document provides an overview of an event focused on implementing FDA's Unique Device Identification (UDI) regulations with minimal impact. It discusses the planned timeline for UDI regulations, the benefits of implementing barcoding using GS1 standards, how labeling systems can simplify UDI compliance, and how to implement UDI with minimal impact on an organization. Presenters will provide information on UDI requirements, discuss global standards and integration, and explain how to print UDIs on labels.
Frequency Ranges and Radio LicensingRegulationsAvanish Agarwal
RFID is also a new trend in industry and will come in daily use soon. Various frequency ranges and explanation is in this presentation.
(For Downloads, send me mail
agarwal.avanish@yahoo.com)
Procedure for getting the manufacturing license of notified IVDs Products in ...Mayank Saini
1) The document outlines the procedure for obtaining a manufacturing license for notified in vitro diagnostic (IVD) products in India. It involves submitting an application with documents to the state and central drug authorities, who may request additional information.
2) If approved, joint inspections are conducted by state and central inspectors. If deficiencies are found, corrections must be made and reinspection may occur. Test batches are produced and evaluated.
3) Upon receiving positive evaluation reports and recommendations, the state authority can issue the manufacturing license, which is valid for 5 years. The process generally takes 6-9 months for notified IVDs. Non-notified IVD licenses have fewer requirements.
The Japanese market for medical devices reached $37.6 billion in 2016 and is expected to grow to $45 billion by 2020, making it the second largest market globally in terms of growth rate. It remains heavily reliant on imports, especially for sophisticated devices. The regulatory agencies overseeing the medical device market in Japan are the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) and the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW). Devices are classified based on risk into four classes, with Class I having the lowest risk and Class IV the highest. Regulatory approval processes differ depending on the class, ranging from self-declaration for Class I devices to pre-market approval from MHLW for Class III and
Access bio care antigen US=FDA EUA Approvel LetterHK HuZef
est Principles
The CareStart™ COVID-19 Antigen Test is a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for the detection of extracted nucleocapsid protein antigens specific to SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal and nasal swab specimens directly collected from individuals who are suspected of COVID-19 by their healthcare providers.
The interfering effects of biotin concentrations ranging between 625 ng/mL and 10 µg/mL were
tested in a separate study. Biotin concentrations up to 1.25 µg/ml did not lead to false results.
Biotin concentrations ≥2.5 µg/ml can cause false-negative COVID-19 results with the
CareStart™ COVID-19 Antigen.
High-dose Hook Effect
The CareStart™ COVID-19 Antigen was tested up to 105 TCID50/ml of heat-inactivated SARSCoV-2 strain and no high-dose hook effect was observed.
Point of Care Use
The CareStart™ COVID-19 Antigen was demonstrated at near patient or Point of Care (POC)
testing that non-laboratory personnel can perform the test accurately in the intended use
environment. In addition, the robust use of the CareStart™ COVID-19 Antigen for near patient
or Point of Care (POC) testing was demonstrated by thirteen (13) Flex studies.
Technical Support
For questions, or to report a problem, please call Technical Support at +1-888-898-1270
(Available Hours: Mon. to Fri.: 8 a.m. – 5 p.m.) or TShelp@accessbio.net (24/7 available).
Test system problems may also be reported to the FDA using the MedWatch reporting system
(phone: 1-800 FDA-1088; fax: 1-800 FDA-1078: or http://www.fda.gov/medwatch)
For Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) Only
The CareStartTM COVID-19 Antigen test is a lateral ow immunochromatographic assay intended for the qualitative detection of the nucleocapsid protein antigen from SARS-CoV-2
in nasopharyngeal swab specimens directly collected from individuals who are suspected of COVID-19 by their healthcare provider within ve days of symptom onset.
IMPORTANT!
- Refer to the Package Insert for Warnings and Precautions, Specimen Collection Procedures, Storage and Handling Conditions, and Quality Control Recommendations.
- Warning and Precautions - All kit components can be discarded as Biohazard waste according to local guidelines. Refer to the product safety data sheet for risk and safety phrases and disposal information.
- Biotin Interference: False negative results may occur in patients who have indicated or whose clinical status or history would indicate they are currently taking high doses of biotin (> 10 mg per day). Biotin
levels of 2.5 µg/mL have been demonstrated to result in false negative test results.
- The extracted sample must be used within 4 hours of preparation when stored at room temperature.
- Refer to the CDC Interim Guidelines for Collecting, Handling, and Testing Clinical Specimens from Persons for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/lab/guidelines-clinical-specimens.html
Implementing a Global Unique Device Identification (UDI) Solution: Regional U...Greenlight Guru
UDI data requirement experts Gary Saner and John Lorenc of Reed Tech will discuss best practices for UDI preparations and the future potential impacts to medical device manufacturers as global health authorities publish mandates.
This session will give suggested best practices concerning EU EUDAMED preparation, what we have learned via testing and a Q&A session. Bring your specific questions concerning medical device registration scenarios, data elements and requirements. The speakers will review and provide clarity on currently posted guidance and answer your questions concerning EUDAMED and other health authority timelines.
This presentation originally aired during the 2021 State of Medical Device Virtual Summit.
The document proposes a new multi-factor authentication technique called RFAA that uses RFID technology. RFAA aims to provide stronger security than single-factor authentication by requiring both a password and RFID token for login. It compares RFAA to other authentication methods and finds that RFAA scores well in security measures while maintaining reasonable deployment costs and portability. The document outlines the RFAA process, encryption algorithm used, and concludes that RFAA could provide a highly secure yet usable identification technique for online transactions and computer systems going forward.
IMPLEMENTING UHF RFID READER ON SMARTPHONE PLATFORM FOR IOT SENSINGcscpconf
As a core component of the Internet of Things technology (IoT), Radio Frequency Identification
(RFID) tagged items will add billions, perhaps trillions, of objects to the Internet. As a result,
uses of Ultra High Frequency (UHF) RFID sensing become massive ranging from logistics,
retail and healthcare to homes and even entire smart cities. Under this trend, mobile UHF
RFID scanners also need to evolve. Consumers will interact with their surroundings via tagged
RFID items taking full advantage of the advancing IoT. For mainstream consumer smartphones,
unfortunately, UHF RFID connectivity has yet to be fully integrated. The major challenges are:
1) the compatibility of an RFID reader module to the host platform, 2) Radio Frequency (RF)
signal coexistence interference between the RFID reader and other sensor/RF technologies, and
3) the unacceptable high current drain caused by RFID active scanning. In this paper, we
present a design and implementation of a novel modular UHF RFID scanning subsystem, the
UHF RFID reader module, on a Motorola Moto-Z smartphone. This module is fully integrated
with an Android 7.0 Operating System (OS) and directly interconnects with the low-level
smartphone hardware and software framework. With the new antenna design and the signal
spectrum analysis, we guarantee the RF isolation of the Mod with the smartphone’s other native
wireless components and sensors. Our design and implementation also address the current
drain issue and extends the battery life of Moto-Z smartphone up to 30.4 hours with IoT RFID
scanning.
Indian in vitro diagnostics market opportunity analysis 2018 - Reports CornerReports Corner
The Indian in vitro diagnostics (IVD) market is valued at over $500 million in 2018 and is expected to reach $1 billion by 2026, growing at a compound annual growth rate of 19%. This remarkable growth can be attributed to increased healthcare awareness, a desire for preventive health checkups, the availability of disease-specific tests, and a shift from manual to more automated equipment. The market is led by global players and lacks local manufacturers who can develop their own products and technologies. The report analyzes the segments of the Indian IVD market and identifies drivers of growth as well as challenges that must be addressed for continued expansion.
Animals can be found all over the world, with different types seen depending on the continent or region. Lions live in Africa, while squirrels and coyotes are found in North America, elephants and lions in Africa, tigers and pandas in Asia, and penguins in Antarctica. Animals can also be either domestic, meaning owned by humans like dogs, or wild, living independently in nature like owls.
An article discusses how to invest and manage an inheritance with 3 key points. It focuses on investing the funds wisely for long-term growth, diversifying the assets across different investment classes to reduce risk, and seeking professional financial advice to help decide the best strategy.
VisionID provides pharmaceutical manufacturing solutions including mobile computers, barcode scanners, printers, and wireless technologies to track materials from receipt of raw materials to shipment of finished goods. Their solutions improve quality, compliance, and efficiency throughout the manufacturing and supply chain processes. VisionID's portfolio of hardware, software, and services can integrate smoothly into existing IT systems.
This presentation will provide a comprehensive knowledge on current UDI labeling standards and how medical device companies can implement the best practices to assure compliance.
IRJET- Secure Authentication Scheme for Medicine Anti-Counterfeiting System i...IRJET Journal
1) The document proposes a secure authentication scheme for an anti-counterfeiting medicine system using IoT. It uses NFC tags embedded in medicines to store expiry and other drug details.
2) Currently, expired drugs are sometimes resold by changing the expiry date, endangering patients. The proposed system aims to prevent this by allowing stakeholders and patients to access real-time drug information from the NFC tags.
3) It uses security protocols like Diffie-Hellman key exchange and session keys to authenticate users and prevent attacks like replay and man-in-the-middle attacks. The system is verified for security using the AVISPA tool.
This document provides an overview of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, including its history, components, frequency ranges used, standards and adoption challenges. Key points include:
1) RFID uses radio waves to automatically identify objects using tags attached to or embedded in them. Major retailers like Walmart now require RFID tagging of pallets and cases.
2) An RFID system consists of a microchip tag and antenna that can be read by a scanner. Tags can be passive (drawing power from the reader) or active (with an internal power source).
3) Different frequency ranges including low, high and ultra-high are used depending on read range and material penetration needs. Standardization has helped
IRJET-Major Challenges in Adoption of RFID for Indian SME’sIRJET Journal
The document discusses major challenges in adopting radio frequency identification (RFID) technology for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in India. It analyzes the current state of RFID usage through a survey and literature review. Using analytical hierarchy process, the study evaluates the key challenges that hinder RFID implementation in Indian industries. Standardization issues, security and privacy concerns, high costs, management commitment, technology support and selection of hardware and software are identified as major barriers. The document aims to identify research gaps in addressing challenges faced by developing countries like India in adopting this promising but still emerging technology.
Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) is an automatic identification method, relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using devices called RFID tags or transponders
The document provides an overview of an event focused on implementing FDA's Unique Device Identification (UDI) regulations with minimal impact. It discusses the planned timeline for UDI regulations, the benefits of implementing barcoding using GS1 standards, how labeling systems can simplify UDI compliance, and how to implement UDI with minimal impact on an organization. Presenters will provide information on UDI requirements, discuss global standards and integration, and explain how to print UDIs on labels.
Frequency Ranges and Radio LicensingRegulationsAvanish Agarwal
RFID is also a new trend in industry and will come in daily use soon. Various frequency ranges and explanation is in this presentation.
(For Downloads, send me mail
agarwal.avanish@yahoo.com)
Procedure for getting the manufacturing license of notified IVDs Products in ...Mayank Saini
1) The document outlines the procedure for obtaining a manufacturing license for notified in vitro diagnostic (IVD) products in India. It involves submitting an application with documents to the state and central drug authorities, who may request additional information.
2) If approved, joint inspections are conducted by state and central inspectors. If deficiencies are found, corrections must be made and reinspection may occur. Test batches are produced and evaluated.
3) Upon receiving positive evaluation reports and recommendations, the state authority can issue the manufacturing license, which is valid for 5 years. The process generally takes 6-9 months for notified IVDs. Non-notified IVD licenses have fewer requirements.
The Japanese market for medical devices reached $37.6 billion in 2016 and is expected to grow to $45 billion by 2020, making it the second largest market globally in terms of growth rate. It remains heavily reliant on imports, especially for sophisticated devices. The regulatory agencies overseeing the medical device market in Japan are the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) and the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW). Devices are classified based on risk into four classes, with Class I having the lowest risk and Class IV the highest. Regulatory approval processes differ depending on the class, ranging from self-declaration for Class I devices to pre-market approval from MHLW for Class III and
Access bio care antigen US=FDA EUA Approvel LetterHK HuZef
est Principles
The CareStart™ COVID-19 Antigen Test is a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for the detection of extracted nucleocapsid protein antigens specific to SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal and nasal swab specimens directly collected from individuals who are suspected of COVID-19 by their healthcare providers.
The interfering effects of biotin concentrations ranging between 625 ng/mL and 10 µg/mL were
tested in a separate study. Biotin concentrations up to 1.25 µg/ml did not lead to false results.
Biotin concentrations ≥2.5 µg/ml can cause false-negative COVID-19 results with the
CareStart™ COVID-19 Antigen.
High-dose Hook Effect
The CareStart™ COVID-19 Antigen was tested up to 105 TCID50/ml of heat-inactivated SARSCoV-2 strain and no high-dose hook effect was observed.
Point of Care Use
The CareStart™ COVID-19 Antigen was demonstrated at near patient or Point of Care (POC)
testing that non-laboratory personnel can perform the test accurately in the intended use
environment. In addition, the robust use of the CareStart™ COVID-19 Antigen for near patient
or Point of Care (POC) testing was demonstrated by thirteen (13) Flex studies.
Technical Support
For questions, or to report a problem, please call Technical Support at +1-888-898-1270
(Available Hours: Mon. to Fri.: 8 a.m. – 5 p.m.) or TShelp@accessbio.net (24/7 available).
Test system problems may also be reported to the FDA using the MedWatch reporting system
(phone: 1-800 FDA-1088; fax: 1-800 FDA-1078: or http://www.fda.gov/medwatch)
For Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) Only
The CareStartTM COVID-19 Antigen test is a lateral ow immunochromatographic assay intended for the qualitative detection of the nucleocapsid protein antigen from SARS-CoV-2
in nasopharyngeal swab specimens directly collected from individuals who are suspected of COVID-19 by their healthcare provider within ve days of symptom onset.
IMPORTANT!
- Refer to the Package Insert for Warnings and Precautions, Specimen Collection Procedures, Storage and Handling Conditions, and Quality Control Recommendations.
- Warning and Precautions - All kit components can be discarded as Biohazard waste according to local guidelines. Refer to the product safety data sheet for risk and safety phrases and disposal information.
- Biotin Interference: False negative results may occur in patients who have indicated or whose clinical status or history would indicate they are currently taking high doses of biotin (> 10 mg per day). Biotin
levels of 2.5 µg/mL have been demonstrated to result in false negative test results.
- The extracted sample must be used within 4 hours of preparation when stored at room temperature.
- Refer to the CDC Interim Guidelines for Collecting, Handling, and Testing Clinical Specimens from Persons for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/lab/guidelines-clinical-specimens.html
Implementing a Global Unique Device Identification (UDI) Solution: Regional U...Greenlight Guru
UDI data requirement experts Gary Saner and John Lorenc of Reed Tech will discuss best practices for UDI preparations and the future potential impacts to medical device manufacturers as global health authorities publish mandates.
This session will give suggested best practices concerning EU EUDAMED preparation, what we have learned via testing and a Q&A session. Bring your specific questions concerning medical device registration scenarios, data elements and requirements. The speakers will review and provide clarity on currently posted guidance and answer your questions concerning EUDAMED and other health authority timelines.
This presentation originally aired during the 2021 State of Medical Device Virtual Summit.
The document proposes a new multi-factor authentication technique called RFAA that uses RFID technology. RFAA aims to provide stronger security than single-factor authentication by requiring both a password and RFID token for login. It compares RFAA to other authentication methods and finds that RFAA scores well in security measures while maintaining reasonable deployment costs and portability. The document outlines the RFAA process, encryption algorithm used, and concludes that RFAA could provide a highly secure yet usable identification technique for online transactions and computer systems going forward.
IMPLEMENTING UHF RFID READER ON SMARTPHONE PLATFORM FOR IOT SENSINGcscpconf
As a core component of the Internet of Things technology (IoT), Radio Frequency Identification
(RFID) tagged items will add billions, perhaps trillions, of objects to the Internet. As a result,
uses of Ultra High Frequency (UHF) RFID sensing become massive ranging from logistics,
retail and healthcare to homes and even entire smart cities. Under this trend, mobile UHF
RFID scanners also need to evolve. Consumers will interact with their surroundings via tagged
RFID items taking full advantage of the advancing IoT. For mainstream consumer smartphones,
unfortunately, UHF RFID connectivity has yet to be fully integrated. The major challenges are:
1) the compatibility of an RFID reader module to the host platform, 2) Radio Frequency (RF)
signal coexistence interference between the RFID reader and other sensor/RF technologies, and
3) the unacceptable high current drain caused by RFID active scanning. In this paper, we
present a design and implementation of a novel modular UHF RFID scanning subsystem, the
UHF RFID reader module, on a Motorola Moto-Z smartphone. This module is fully integrated
with an Android 7.0 Operating System (OS) and directly interconnects with the low-level
smartphone hardware and software framework. With the new antenna design and the signal
spectrum analysis, we guarantee the RF isolation of the Mod with the smartphone’s other native
wireless components and sensors. Our design and implementation also address the current
drain issue and extends the battery life of Moto-Z smartphone up to 30.4 hours with IoT RFID
scanning.
Indian in vitro diagnostics market opportunity analysis 2018 - Reports CornerReports Corner
The Indian in vitro diagnostics (IVD) market is valued at over $500 million in 2018 and is expected to reach $1 billion by 2026, growing at a compound annual growth rate of 19%. This remarkable growth can be attributed to increased healthcare awareness, a desire for preventive health checkups, the availability of disease-specific tests, and a shift from manual to more automated equipment. The market is led by global players and lacks local manufacturers who can develop their own products and technologies. The report analyzes the segments of the Indian IVD market and identifies drivers of growth as well as challenges that must be addressed for continued expansion.
Animals can be found all over the world, with different types seen depending on the continent or region. Lions live in Africa, while squirrels and coyotes are found in North America, elephants and lions in Africa, tigers and pandas in Asia, and penguins in Antarctica. Animals can also be either domestic, meaning owned by humans like dogs, or wild, living independently in nature like owls.
An article discusses how to invest and manage an inheritance with 3 key points. It focuses on investing the funds wisely for long-term growth, diversifying the assets across different investment classes to reduce risk, and seeking professional financial advice to help decide the best strategy.
The Titanic hit an iceberg which caused flooding in its front compartments and caused the bow to sink while the stern rose up. As the ship continued sinking, its funnels fell off one by one until the stress caused it to split in two. The bow sank completely by pulling the stern down vertically until it detached. The stern floated briefly before sinking completely, leaving no trace of the Titanic on the surface.
A teacher showed children a digital story about bread making on YouTube to introduce them to digital cameras and prepare them for a photostory project in the classroom. The children then took many pictures during a bread activity. They selected the pictures and recorded audio to describe them, adding background music to create their own digital story about making bread, which the class enjoyed watching together once complete.
This short document wishes mothers a happy Mother's Day and is from Liceo Infantil Angelitos, which appears to be a children's school named "Little Angels Infant School". It keeps the message simple by only stating the holiday and sender in a brief greeting to mothers.
The document describes a teacher gathering children's prior knowledge about digital cameras before showing them a digital story about bread making on YouTube to prepare them for a photostory project. The children then took pictures during a bread activity and recorded audio to describe the pictures, adding background music to create their own digital story.
Bart Swan and Steve Schutt are mortgage bankers who have worked together for 6 years providing mortgage financing through various companies. They are now looking to join a new company. They provide an introductory package about their experience and approach to offering mortgages, financial planning tools, and a focus on customer service. They also discuss their local office and involvement in the community.
Ensuring Integrity for Medical Tissues and DevicesTerso Solutions
Strategies for Ensuring Integrity for Medical Tissues and Devices. RFID technologies offer near-real time safe and secure item-level visibility. A Terso Solutions white paper written by Joe Pleshek, CEO and President.
A Comparison Survey Study On RFID Based Anti-Counterfeiting SystemsKim Daniels
This document summarizes and compares different RFID-based anti-counterfeiting systems. It discusses four main approaches: 1) Using physical unclonable functions (PUFs) or chipless RFID tags that are unique and difficult to clone; 2) Track and trace systems that record the product flow from manufacturer to retailer to authenticate products; 3) Distance bounding protocols that use broadcast and collisions to identify cloned tags without complex cryptography; 4) Each approach has advantages and disadvantages for resolving counterfeiting issues using RFID tags in supply chains. The document provides examples and evaluations of techniques within each category.
The document proposes using RFID technology to improve the healthcare system. It describes a system where patients would have an RFID transponder that stores their complete medical history and genomic data. Doctors and hospitals could then access this information through a web-server database by scanning the patient's transponder. The system aims to reduce issues like medication errors, incorrect blood transfusions, and help track medications to reduce counterfeit drugs. It envisions RFID being integrated into other areas like personal health monitors and as part of a complete personalized healthcare system.
This document discusses using RFID technology integrated with electronic medical records (EMR) to improve patient safety, identification and monitoring in hospitals. It proposes an RFID-based system where patients would wear RFID tags containing their medical information. RFID readers would allow quick access to patients' records and history at the point of care. This could minimize errors and improve coordination of care compared to traditional paper-based systems. The system aims to reduce paperwork, easily retrieve patient histories, and allow analysis of medical reports and records for quality improvement. Integrating RFID with EMR could accurately identify patients and help medical professionals make fast decisions, especially in emergency situations.
A UHF Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) System For Healthcare Design And...Jeff Nelson
This document summarizes the design and implementation of a UHF RFID system for healthcare applications at the Bank of Cyprus Oncology Center. The goals of the system are to: 1) Provide error-free patient identification through RFID wristbands or cards. 2) Enable drug inventory control and monitoring. 3) Implement real-time location services to track tagged medical equipment and assets. The RFID system uses passive UHF tags, readers, antennas, and a central database. Extensive testing was done to optimize antenna placement and maximize RFID coverage in patient rooms. A user-friendly GUI was also developed to interface with the RFID system and support various healthcare workflows.
RFID in healthcare can provide benefits like inventory control, equipment tracking, and ensuring correct patient medications. However, there are also challenges like high implementation costs and potential interference with medical devices. Standards organizations have developed RFID standards for healthcare to ensure interoperability and address privacy concerns. When implementing RFID in healthcare, best practices include careful planning, purchasing readers suitable for the environment, installing equipment properly, maintaining the system, and providing training to address changes to workflows and policies. Case studies show RFID can improve patient safety, care quality, and organizational performance.
This document provides an overview of Alexander Beisser's study on using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to improve safety in blood transfusion management. The study aims to audit current barcode and RFID technologies to see if RFID can enhance safety by automatically authenticating patients, clinicians, and blood products. It discusses advantages and disadvantages of barcode technology currently used, as well as advantages and challenges of implementing RFID. Examples of RFID use in healthcare are provided. The document is intended to brief readers on the motivation and focus of Beisser's study.
This document discusses how RFID technology boosts supply chain management at Walmart. It describes how Walmart implemented RFID tagging of inventory which allowed them to reduce out-of-stock items, decrease costs associated with inefficient inventory decisions, more closely align ordering and sales to reduce the bullwhip effect, and improve supply chain visibility and inventory accuracy. The document provides an overview of RFID technology and its benefits for supply chain management.
Pharma Serialization: Managing the TransformationCognizant
Serialization is a method for the pharmaceuticals industry to deter counterfeit drugs from being sold or given to medical patients; it follows precepts developed by PIE, EPCIS, and PIMMS. Implementing serialization internationally is a technical challenge for pharma, requiring coordination at every step of the products' lifecycle.
IRJET-Intelligent Medicine box for disabled peoplesIRJET Journal
Pandimurugan, Dileep, Vikneshan " Intelligent Medicine box for disabled peoples ", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume2,issue-01 April 2015.e-ISSN:2395-0056, p-ISSN:2395-0072. www.irjet.net
Abstract
The aging population, prevention of chronic diseases, and outbreaks of infectious diseases are some of the major challenges of our human society. Health monitoring (HM) is the practical application of safety monitors to a complicated system in order to ensure either prediction of a potential mishap before it occurs. Drugs playing a major role in the health care and maintaining the health. Most of the people do not use the prescription for identifying the correct medicine which may lead to improper health condition and some mishaps. At present there is no automatic system for intimating the user to take the drugs at right time. In this paper we are presenting the system that can deliver drugs (medicines) to the patient on time without any other support and also setting a alarm to intimate the patient to take the right medicine at right time.
RFID technology can help reduce medical errors and improve patient safety and care quality in hospitals. The document describes an RFID-based patient and staff tracking system called RFIDHospitalTracker. It discusses how RFID tags on wristbands and staff ID cards can identify and locate patients and staff. When tags are read, the reader records their location in a central database. Additional tag data like medical history can be customized through templates. The system aims to prevent errors, improve resource use, and enhance security in healthcare through real-time tracking with RFID.
This document describes an RFID-based hospital real-time patient management system. It discusses how RFID technology can be used to automate and streamline patient identification and health information processing in hospitals. Each patient would be given an RFID wristband that stores their personal health details. Nurses and doctors could then easily access this information through the wristband to provide better care. The document outlines a six-layer architecture and application for an RFID-based hospital patient management system that would improve efficiency and reduce costs compared to traditional paper-based systems.
A novel integrated approach for handling anomalies in RFID dataijujournal
This document proposes a novel approach for handling anomalies in RFID data by combining middleware and deferred data cleaning techniques. The approach aims to clean RFID data more effectively than existing approaches by removing some anomalies during middleware processing but deferring processing of other anomalies until query time using business rules. The approach is evaluated using a simulation of RFID tag tracking in a healthcare environment where readers monitor staff, patients, equipment and records. Experimental results show the proposed approach performs cleaning more effectively than existing approaches.
A novel integrated approach for handling anomalies in RFID dataijujournal
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a convenient technology employed in various applications. The
success of these RFID applications depends heavily on the quality of the data stream generated by RFID
readers. Due to various anomalies found predominantly in RFID data it limits the widespread adoption of
this technology. Our work is to eliminate the anomalies present in RFID data in an effective manner so that
it can be applied for high end applications. Our approach is a hybrid approach of middleware and
deferred because it is not always possible to remove all anomalies and redundancies in middleware. The
processing of other anomalies is deferred until the query time and cleaned by business rules. Experimental
results show that the proposed approach performs the cleaning in an effective manner compared to the
existing approaches.
Blockchain has many potential applications in health including: medical research, information sharing/interoperability, digital identity management, supply chain management, and financial/insurance applications. Some exemplary uses are improving medical records management, clinical data collection, supply chain traceability for anti-counterfeiting, and life-cycle management of medical equipment. Key players like Merck, SAP, GSK and Pfizer are exploring blockchain for applications like supply chain management, fighting fake drugs, and traceability.
RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) technology has found numerous applications in the healthcare sector due to its ability to enhance efficiency, improve patient safety, and streamline various processes. Here are some key reasons why RFID is used in healthcare:
Asset Tracking and Management:
RFID helps hospitals and healthcare facilities track and manage valuable assets, such as medical equipment, devices, and supplies. This ensures that the right equipment is available when needed, reducing downtime and improving overall operational efficiency.
Patient Tracking:
Real-time location systems (RTLS) using RFID enable the tracking of patients within healthcare facilities. This can enhance patient flow management, reduce wait times, and improve the overall patient experience.
Medication Management:
RFID is employed to track medications from storage to administration. This helps in preventing medication errors, ensuring that patients receive the correct medications at the right time, and improving overall medication safety.
NEARCHAIN - Leveraging NFC and Blockchain in Pharmaceutical Supply chain to p...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a solution called NEARCHAIN that leverages NFC and blockchain technologies to track pharmaceutical drugs through the supply chain and prevent counterfeiting. It describes how counterfeit drugs are a major problem, affecting up to 25% of medicines in poor countries. The complex pharmaceutical supply chain makes it difficult to track counterfeits. The proposed solution uses NFC tags on drug packages and publishes the tag information and details to the blockchain at each supply chain stage using smart contracts. This provides transparency and prevents counterfeiting by allowing verification of authentic drugs at any point. The solution aims to improve reliability, scalability and efficiency in the pharmaceutical supply chain.
n the dynamic realm of technology, innovations continue to shape and redefine industries, offering solutions that streamline processes, enhance efficiency, and revolutionize operations. One such innovation that is poised to make a significant impact is the Chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. As businesses seek advanced methods to track assets, manage inventory, and enhance security, the Chipless RFID market emerges as a beacon of opportunity. This blog takes an in-depth look at the Chipless RFID market, its growth trajectory, key drivers, applications, and the transformative potential it holds.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
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LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
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তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Report
1. UPS Supply Chain SolutionsSM
RFID in Healthcare -
A panacea for the regulations
and issues affecting the industry?
Report
Subject: Information Technology for Management(BC 6501)
Name: Ms. Supatra J. (ID: 523 9228)
Section 11
1
2. Patients at a hospital in England were exposed
to the human version of mad cow disease when
infected equipment was used. Human error
caused patients at the hospital to be exposed
to the infected equipment. How can health care
organizations avoid catastrophic situations
like this?
Proper protocols and the use of radio frequency identification
(RFID) technology could prevent such outbreaks by ensuring
instruments are properly tracked and classified. This and other
RFID applications can provide significant benefits to the healthcare
industry to ensure patient safety and improve supply chain efficiency.
RFID is now generating significant interest in the marketplace
because of its robust application capabilities. RFID enables
This and other RFID
healthcare facilities improve overall safety and operational
applications can provide
significant benefits to the
efficiency because it operates without line-of-sight while providing
healthcare industry in terms read/write capabilities for dynamic item tracking.
of ensuring patient safety
and improving supply chain Why RFID Adoption Has Been Slow
efficiency.
For a variety of reasons, adoption of RFID technology by the
healthcare industry has been sluggish because payback is
less immediately visible than what most companies prefer.
Although costs are decreasing, many companies are
reluctant to invest in a technology not yet widely adopted.
Maximizing RFID benefits also requires modifying existing
business processes, a daunting task that usually entails changes
in technology investment strategies. Without clear RFID
standards and data ownership policies, investment in RFID has
been a difficult proposition.
Compelling Developments
However, recent developments have made RFID applications
more compelling.
1) RFID costs are expected to decline significantly. RFID tags
costs dropped from $1 in 2000 to 20 cents in 2004, and are
expected to fall to 5 cents by 2006. In 2004, readers cost about
$1,000 but are expected to fall to only $200 by 2006.
1
2
3. 2) Coupling RFID technology with the electronic product code
(EPC) will provide the capability to locate and track items
throughout the supply chain, allowing significantly more data
to be attached to items at the pallet and case level. EPC Global,
a subsidiary of the Uniform Code Council (UCC), is leading the
development of industry-driven standards for the EPC Network
to support the use of RFID in today’s fast-moving, information-
rich trading networks. EPC Global and EAN International are
writing specifications on the content for 96-bit EPC tags. EAN
International is the global not-for-profit organization that creates,
develops and manages the EAN-UCC standards jointly with the
UCC, one of its member organizations.
3) New regulatory requirements such as the Florida Pedigree Act
mandate that important information accompany each drug
throughout the supply chain. Using RFID will allow healthcare
companies to capture required information such as drug name,
dosage, container size, number of containers,lot/control numbers,
etc.
RFID technology can
improve the tracking of drug 4) Tampered or adulterated products entering the healthcare supply
usage throughout the chain is a growing concern. In light of the 9-11 terrorist
clinical-phase testing attacks and the anthrax-tainted mail found in the United
protocols. States, both consumers and manufacturers are looking for
ways to keep
drugs safe.
Overall, healthcare companies need the types of solutions that
RFID can provide. Numerous RFID applications for both
hospitals and pharmaceutical companies can benefit customers
and patients.
Healthcare Marketplace Needs and RFID Solutions
Pharmaceutical Applications
Drug Counterfeiting
Pharmaceutical companies, distributors, and hospitals
need technology to deter drug counterfeiting. The World
Health Organization estimates that between 5 to 8
percent of global pharmaceuticals are counterfeit. In some
countries, the percentage of counterfeit drugs is significantly
higher at between 25 to 40 percent. Thus, the
pharmaceutical industry reports that it loses $2 billion per
year due to counterfeit drugs.
3
4. Counterfeit drugs adversely affect people’s lives by preventing
patients from receiving needed medication. Fortunately, RFID/EPC
tags can help detect products that are:
• Counterfeit or fake
• Tampered with, adulterated or substituted
• Unacceptable (i.e., expired, discarded, returned, recalled, etc.)4
Clinical Trials
The pharmaceutical drug approval process is rigorous and
dependent on meticulous documentation. As new drugs go through
the clinical trial phase, accurately tracking patient usage is crucial.
RFID technology can improve the tracking of drug usage throughout
the clinical-phase testing protocols. Improved tracking and
accountability can improve the reliability and speed of the United
RFID technology that States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug approval process.
improves visibility into
returns could enable faster
Inventory Management
redeployment.
Manufacturers and distributors need improved visibility
throughout the supply chain to gain an accurate account of
inventory. Lack of visibility of customer orders results in
increased inventory because healthcare practitioners often keep
buffer stocks to avoid stock outs. Increased inventory visibility
could reduce buffer stocks by substituting knowledge for
inventory, thereby reducing total inventory costs.
Hospital and Medical Device Company Applications
Medical Device and Asset Tracking
RFID has strong application potential with medical device
companies. The FDA requires medical device companies to be able
to identify each unit by serial number. Medical device companies
need better control of implants on consignment with hospitals
because returns can occur more than 50 percent of the time.
RFID technology that improves visibility into returns could enable
faster redeployment since the company would know sooner when
an unused product could be returned.
Surgical instruments and other devices must be properly cleaned
and packaged between uses. Tags on the instruments and
readers on the sterilization chambers and storage cabinets can
validate proper cleaning and help locate needed instruments.
Since medical devices are often mounted on portable carts,
smart tags placed on the devices and readers installed in the
doorways can enable personnel to quickly locate a crucial piece
of equipment and immediately determine its fitness for use.
4
5. Similarly, catastrophic errors would be completely traceable
from manufacture to use, and preventative maintenance on
equipment could be more accurately tracked.
Patient Tracking
Patient identification and location assistance are often needed
to ensure patient safety when urgent medical attention is
needed. Patient tags with RFID chips will meet this need.
Product Tracking
Hospitals currently have to track radioactive isotopes throughout
the facility from storage to transport and then from administration to
disposal. RFID tags and readers can automate these tasks thereby
saving time and resources.
Active RFID tags with read/write capabilities can be used to detect
Realizing the full benefits of seal integrity for containers and individual packages. The tag can
the technology will require record the time and duration of seal loss, allowing even
companies to make changes problems that occur mid-shipment to be detected.
in their business processes.
Inventory Management
Large amounts of inventory typically can be found in hospital
operating rooms. Lack of visibility in the supply chain coupled
with the unauthorized purchase of certain items often results in
the proliferation of “unofficial” inventory that could be reduced
by properly managing the materiel ordering process. RFID
technology can provide an accurate account of both official and
unofficial inventory levels. Proper diagnosis of the problem will
drive the implementation of corrective solutions.
Following the example of leading retailers, hospitals could move
to the next generation of supply chain management by having
their suppliers manage product ordering and inventory levels.
Hospital suppliers would then be responsible for providing
product on a timely basis through RFID technology. A dramatic
shift in how hospital supplies are ordered could drive down
hospital inventory levels assuming the proper processes and
metrics are in place.
Barriers to RFID Adoption
Key barriers to RFID adoption stem from previously high
technology costs. Payback periods have typically been too long.
Companies are waiting for RFID technology to drop in price, thus
making it a more affordable investment. Lean information
technology budgets mean that new technologies need to
demonstrate compelling business cases and short paybacks on
investments. Companies are skeptical if the costs cannot be offset
by the promised benefits.
5
6. Realizing the full benefits of the technology will require companies
to make changes in their business processes. For example,
tagging medical devices and placing readers in doorways at
hospitals will require an initial deployment and a change in
protocols for locating assets. While the initial training will require
coordination and effort, the decrease in time spent looking for
assets and increased asset utilization will improve the overall
efficiency of the hospital.
An additional barrier to RFID technology investment stems from the
view that applicable standards are lacking. EPC Global, however, is
working to create the EPC which will provide significantly more
data capabilities for the 96-bit EPC tags. The EPC will enable more
information to be captured than the current Universal Product Code
(UPC) which can only contain 12 bits of information. The EPC will
enable more salient and detailed information to be captured for a
product down to the item level. The tag can then be programmed to
hold information such as an item’s serial number, size, manufacture
date, price, and its distribution touch points, thus enabling greater
product accountability and safety.
RFID Decision Factors
Pharmaceutical industry leaders such as Pfizer, CVS/pharmacy,
Abbott Laboratories, Cardinal Health, Johnson & Johnson, and
McKesson are studying the safety and security of the harmaceutical
supply chain. They are also interested in knowing how to improve
returns management and increasing the efficiency of distribution
operations.
The adoption of RFID technology in the pharmaceutical industry
depends on the creation of open standards, FDA approval,
packaging redesign, and technology validation. Freeing up enough
capital for investment in RFID/EPC technology can occur if in-house
consolidation across servers, networks and data storage occurs.
Many companies are also waiting for RFID technology prices to
drop and for case studies that strongly illustrate the benefits of
RFID in business operations. As the RFID technology prices decline
and applications become more robust, RFID technology will be
increasingly adopted.
6
7. Mandates
Retail companies are leading RFID adopters. Wal-Mart, for example,
has mandated their top 100 suppliers to adopt RFID technology,
enabling increased inventory visibility and management. Similarly,
Target has required its suppliers to use RFID technology at the
pallet and case levels for some of its regional distribution centers by
2005. Target then expects the rest of its suppliers to adopt RFID by
2007.6 The Department of Defense has also mandated that its top
100 suppliers utilize RFID technology.
While mandates for utilizing RFID technology are occurring, the
ultimate responsibility for adopting RFID will depend upon a
company’s ability to develop a compelling business case and
effectively pilot RFID applications.
Companies will have to
weigh a host of
considerations before Companies will have to weigh a host of considerations before
deciding to invest in RFID deciding to invest in RFID technology. Considerations to balance
technology. will include tag readability, tag price points, system integration
costs, hardware and setup costs, management, ownership and
sharing of data, business process changes, privacy concerns, and
standards, i.e., EPC vs. the International Organization of
Standards (ISO), a non-governmental network of the national
standards institutes of 148 countries.
Companies will be looking for favorable payback periods
because competing priorities for financial expenditures
warrant careful consideration before investing in new
technology applications.
RFID and Bar Coding
While the bar code is widely accepted in the marketplace,
RFID offers some distinct benefits:
• No “line of sight” requirements
• More automated reading
• Less labor required
• Improved read rates
• Larger data capacity
• Ability to “write” information on a tag
• Effectiveness in harsh environments (e.g., temperature
extremes, dusty and dirty conditions)
Companies will have to consider the cost of either implementing
RFID as a way to augment bar coding or to replace it. Bar
coding, however, is a mature and proven technology that works
well in numerous applications such as inventory management.
Adopting RFID requires careful analysis to demonstrate that
the incremental advantages significantly outweigh the benefits
derived from bar code technology.
7
8. Organizations and Associations Supporting RFID
Although the FDA has not yet mandated RFID adoption, it has
recommended tagging of unit-level drugs that are likely to be
counterfeited by 2006 and has called for the tagging of all drugs at
the pallet, case and unit levels by 2007.7 The Healthcare
Distribution Management Association (HDMA), a non-profit
organization for distributors of pharmaceutical drugs, also issued a
position statement in November 2003 recommending that
pharmaceutical manufacturers and wholesalers begin putting RFID
tags with EPC on cases in 2005 and deploy the infrastructure
needed to take advantage of those tags. The recommendation
also included the incorporation of EPC tags at the selling unit level
by 2007.
AdvaMed, an advanced medical technology association, supports
the use of automatic identification for medical devices on a
voluntary basis. AdvaMed also recommends that reprocessed or
refurbished items should be treated no differently than other
medical devices. AdvaMed believes it is up to manufacturers to
apply automatic identification to items where it makes sense
economically and technically.
Clearly, organizations and associations support RFID technology
as a means for addressing product safety and accountability.
However, companies that adopt the new technology will have to
carefully update their internal processes and protocols to take
advantage of the benefits that can be realized from RFID.
Case Studies
North Bronx Healthcare Network’s (NBHN) Jacobi Medical Center
(Bronx, NY
Problem
The old process required staff to manually enter the patient’s medical
record number printed on the wristband, after medication administration
rounds, into the hospital information system using computers located at
nurses’ stations. This process took staff longer to complete and was
prone to more errors compared to using RFID.
8
9. Solution
North Bronx Healthcare Network’s (NBHN) Jacobi Medical Center (Bronx,
NY), working with systems integrator Siemens Business Services (SBS)
and Precision Dynamics Corporation (PDC), implemented an RFID
wristband system for patient identification and medication administration,
replacing Jacobi’s manual process of identifying patients, in its two
acute-care departments. The RFID system improved patient safety and
care, increased productivity, and helped cut costs. The system consisted
of an integrated RFID application, developed by SBS, which connected
Jacobi’s electronic medical records, lab systems, and billing system.
Jacobi’s existing computerized physician order entry system allowed for
a seamless RFID implementation. Tablet PCs were embedded with RFID
software and used as hand-held readers for RFID wristbands provided by
PDC. PDC’s Smart Band® RFID wristbands include a 13.56 MHz RFID.
“The RFID wristbands were an essential part of the Jacobi RFID
implementation,” said Irwin Thall, RFID Manager for Healthcare at PDC.
“They allow for peripheral applications to connect with one another and
communicate accordingly. Without the wristbands, the system would not
be functional—they are the glue that keeps everything together.”
Result
Increased Productivity & Cost Savings The Tablet PCs scanned the
patient’s RFID wristband prior to medication administration. The RFID
wristband inlays were encoded with a unique patient ID number, and
once scanned, the patient’s medical file was instantly accessible at
bedside. Daniel Morreale, Chief Information Officer for NBHN at the time
of the Jacobi implementation, stated that “the RFID trial saved one
hour per nurse per shift. If the application is rolled out networkwide,
it could potentially save $1 million a year, but more importantly this
creates two to three hours during every nursing shift for additional patient
contact and care.” “With the new system, staff no longer had to return to
nurses’ workstations to get patient data, and accurate information was
now available without any lag time,” said Jerry Moy, senior client
executive at Siemens Business Services. “Also, doctors and nurses used
the new RFID system for wireless database access to order lab tests,
enter notes on treatment, and update medication administration right
from the bedside.” Quality of patient care and safety has
improved since hospital staff was able to gain access to patient records
quicker for better service. “Clinicians have endorsed the pilot program
and want it expanded because it makes the handling of administrative
tasks simpler than with the paper-based system,” said Moy.
RFID is a read/write technology which allows medical personnel to
instantly update patient information. RFID tags can be encrypted to
protect the patient’s information and comply with industry regulations,
such as HIPAA. Also, unlike barcodes, RFID is non line-of-sight and can
be read through bedcovers and clothing, making it less disruptive for
patients, especially when they are sleeping.
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10. Ultimate ROI: Improved Patient Safety
The introduction of RFID at Jacobi reduced the bulk of its paper forms
while also ensuring that the information used by its medical staff was
always updated. The RFID system has the ability to dramatically reduce
errors in drug prescription, increase hospital security and help the
organization reach its goal of preventing patient identification mix-ups.
The RFID pilot was so successful that staff did not want to give back the
equipment after the two month trial. “We went in to retrieve the equipment
and the staff refused to give it back,” said Moy. “The system’s ROI is
evident in cost savings, but more importantly, in improved patient safety.”
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11. Falabella Tries Motorola RFID on for
Size (and Finds a Perfect Fit)
Company overview
The Falabella Group is a retail giant in Latin America, operating department
stores, home improvement stores and supermarkets in Chile, Peru, Argentina
and Colombia. The 118-year-old corporation employs more than 59,000 people in
175 locations and aspires to become the region’s largest, most successful
retailer by combining quality and world-class management with a commitment to
local communities.
As a major retailer with aggressive
regional expansion plans, the Falabella The challenge: improve business processes to support
Group recognized early on that RFID regional growth
had the potential to dramatically
streamline their business processes. Already an established regional retail leader, the Falabella Group is investing heavily
in aggressive expansion in South America, opening 32 new stores in 2007 alone.
With this growth, Falabella’s executives recognize that continued expansion will place
ever heavier demands on the company’s business processes, from the development
of brands and products, to systems, logistics, marketing, store designs,
technologies and customer service methodologies. So, together with their
commitment to expansion, they have made a similar commitment to improving
process management and increasing customer satisfaction.
To that end, the potential benefits of adopting RFID caught management’s
attention early on. Being quite deliberate and methodical on new technologies
that might require business change, Falabella’s team followed the analyst reports
and tracked the technology as it matured. In order to outperform their peers
over a sustained time, across business cycles and industry disruptions, Falabella
believes in carefully balancing today’s needs with investment in tomorrow’s
drivers of change.
Meanwhile, today’s needs were becoming more pressing. Increasing labor
demands in both busy new stores and established flagships meant that store
inventories were being conducted monthly at best, but often no more than
quarterly. Inventory discrepancies were averaging 20% across the company. The
resulting inadequate stock visibility translated directly into potential lost sales.
When the second generation of RFID (the Gen 2 RFID Standard) demonstrated
high reliability, Falabella was ready to begin planning their own pilot RFID
deployment program. Their objectives were clearly defined and tightly aligned to
their present business needs:
• Perform daily inventory cycle counts.
• Maintain over 98% RFID reading accuracy.
• Identify and measure the cost and benefits of RFID.
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12. Customer Profile The pilot: one store, one overriding goal
- accurate inventory
Falabella planned a four-month pilot program in one of
its Santiago department stores, close to corporate
Company headquarters. To ensure careful monitoring and
Falabella control of the test program and to ensure project
buy-in across distinct business operations, the
Location
Santiago, Chile retailer had committed to weekly RFID pilot project
meetings between the technology integration group
Industry and business/store operations.
Retail
Motorola Products The first challenge was finding the right solution
Motorola MC9090-G handheld readers providers to help launch the pilot. After months of
Motorola XR440 fixed readers with AN400 antennas interviewing, Falabella was frustrated to discover that
RFID tags were affixed to two
Application popular lines of men’s apparel, most of the vendors they spoke with had little to no
OATSystems, Foundation Suite including tailored garments, actual experience in RFID deployment. Ultimately,
pants, shirts, sweaters and other however, they put together a world-class team of
Partners items perceived to have high
value to the store’s customers.
RFID experts that had experience in deploying RFID
Integration and Business Process Consulting in retail environments. IBM served as RFID business
IBM
process consultant and as the lead technology
Software integrator for the project. Falabella selected
OATSystems Motorola’s MC9090-G handheld RFID readers for
the receiving process and built two battery-powered
RFID Tags
Paxar (Avery Dennison) mobile carts that used RFID readers and antennas
for inventory counting. The retailer purchased its
Benefits RFID tags from Paxar (Avery Dennison), and chose
• Faster, more accurate and more frequent inventory cycle counts • OATSystems for the RFID software.
98.4% accuracy of RFID reading for inventory counts
• Increased stock visibility for reduced stock outs, improved For the pilot, the retailer limited RFID tagging to two
customer service, higher customer satisfaction and
improved sales
popular lines of men’s apparel, including tailored
• Reduction in labor involvement and human errors associated
garments, pants, shirts, sweaters and other higher
with inventory control for lower operation costs value items. Some 7,000 items would be tagged and
2,500 on-hand items would be inventoried daily.
RFID was incorporated into several business
operation segments during the pilot:
• At Receiving, precoded RFID tags were affixed
to each item to be tracked. A Motorola handheld
RFID reader with barcode scanner was used to
validate each tag and enter the item into inventory.
• For Inventory, a Motorola reader on a mobile
cart was guided by a single associate along
a predetermined path each morning before
With RFID, a single Falabella
associate pushing a mobile
the store opened. This provided a daily basis
reader cart can complete inventory count for both the backroom and the
an inventory that previously sales floor.
required as many as 50
employees working over two • At Check-out, RFID tags were removed at the
full nights.
point of sale and a Motorola handheld reader
changed the item’s inventory status to “sold.”
• For Restocking, daily basis cycle counts and
sold item lists were consolidated twice daily
to identify understocked items. A Motorola
handheld reader was then used to reassign stock
location from store rooms to the sales floor.
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13. ‘s
“With this pilot, we developed a lot
of confidence in RFID, what it can do,
and what we can do with it.”
Andrs Arancibia
Falabella’s R&D chief
The results: beyond expectations
Falabella’s pilot RFID system quickly proved to item level, significantly reducing the time and cost
deliver 98.4 percent inventory accuracy, enabling of visual/manual shelf-level management of stock.
staff to count up to 9,000 items in one hour using
the mobile cart. During the trial, the store saw a 25 • Customer experience: RFID makes merchandise
percent reduction in out-of-stock occurrences among more visible and available, so customers can
the tagged items. more easily help themselves, interacting with
merchandise, rather than staff. They are happier
Inventory had previously been a monthly or with their experience and staffing needs are
Their pilot program convinced
Falabella that RFID can dramatically even quarterly process, requiring as many as 50 reduced.
improve inventory accuracy and employees working over two full nights while the
on-hand stock visibility while
store was closed. With RFID, a single associate • Loss prevention: RFID improves shrink
simultaneously reducing the management by enforcing tighter control of
associated labor costs and cycle walks the floor pushing an RFID-enabled mobile
counting times. cart before store opening each day. The captured on-hand inventory and the movement of that
inventory data is then read into the OATSystems inventory. Easy location of product can also help
software for inventory reconciliation and report add security to store operations, reducing both
generation. Hundreds of man-hours were reduced to a customer and employee theft.
few hours, with greater accuracy.
Next step: rollout
The speedy capture of accurate daily data yielded
additional process improvements. Routine daily reports Based on the success of its pilot program, Falabella
gave store managers the data needed to set new key is currently working on a plan for larger-scale RFID
performance indicators (KPIs) on issues such as implementation. The goal is to move from 2,500 to
shrinkage, promotions effectiveness and the dwell-time more than 10,000 products per store, focusing on
of merchandise in the backroom, on the sales floor or integration with suppliers and a uniform operation
in-transit between the two. between stores.
Eventually, the company intends to move beyond
The benefits standalone store systems to integrate the data
Falabella was most interested in making a business collected through RFID enabled items into back-end
case for RFID. In their competitive and cost-sensitive operations and enterprise-wide information systems.
industry, they focus on customer satisfaction and
For more information about how Motorola’s RFID
inventory visibility as crucial elements for continued
solutions can help your company achieve competitive
profit and growth.
advantage, contact your Motorola representative or visit
A Motorola RFID reader is attached
to a robotic vacuum cleaner. While As a result of this pilot, Falabella identified a number of www.motorola.com/rfid.
this technologicall curiosity was not key benefits of introducing RFID to their business
actually used in the pilot, the idea processes:
hints at the potential of incorporating
RFID in other automated processes.
• Inventory management: RFID improved on-
hand inventory availability, visibility and accuracy,
while reducing the cost and labor of inventory
tracking. More visible inventory is ultimately
available to sell and manage.
• Store efficiency: RFID provides significant value
in automating front-of-store management at the
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14. About our partner About our partner
IBM is executing an end-to-end RFID Solution OATSystems, Inc. is a recognized RFID solution
Strategy from business case to pilots, implementation leader with software that empowers businesses to
and rollout. Their comprehensive solution framework is achieve competitive advantage and ROI from radio-
designed to deliver rapid ROI while providing a roadmap frequency identification (RFID) enabled applications.
for the future. For over a decade they have been a leader As a pioneer in developing RFID technology, OAT
in RFID technology innovation. has been setting the standards in RFID for over
half a decade and is responsible for industry firsts
IBM has provided business case development, that include the largest scale and largest scope
as well as pilot implementation services to many of deployments, as well as the most innovative
pioneering RFID technology adopters in the consumer approaches to providing enterprise-wide RFID
products and retail industries. Their experience solutions. OAT’s multinational client base consists
has enabled them to develop an implementation of over 100 customers in retail, CPG, consumer
roadmap for transforming the way manufacturers electronics, manufacturing, life sciences, aerospace
and retailers collaborate. The RFID solution is part and defense. OAT is headquartered in Waltham,
of a comprehensive strategy which allows in-store MA, and has a development office in Bangalore and
data to be used for multiple business processes various direct sales offices and resellers around the
including merchandising, pricing, promotion, inventory globe. To learn more about the company’s latest
management and replenishment. developments, visit www.oatsystems.com.
About our partner
Thanks to their expertise in advanced research,
electronics and roll-to-roll manufacturing, Avery
Dennison was the first to develop a high-volume,
high-yield process for delivering RFID inlays. This
process typically yields throughputs 10 times higher
than conventional assembly techniques.
The company’s experience includes developing
orientation-insensitive designs - where the device
must work regardless of its position in the RF field
- to designs that work in the proximity of, or even
under, water. Avery Dennison produces antennas
from aluminum and copper - even printed silver.
In addition, their high-speed proprietary assembly
technology combines antennas with silicon RFID
chips to make functional devices. Other capabilities
include in-line testing and infrastructure support.
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