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Upper urinary tract disorders
continuation on the urinary tract disorders. congenital and acquired disorders well covered. pyelonephritis also forms part of the text. thanks for reading. remeber to like and follow
Renal calculi
This document discusses renal calculi (kidney stones). It defines renal calculi as stones formed from increased concentrations of substances like calcium, oxalate, and uric acid in the urine. Risk factors include a sedentary lifestyle, dehydration, metabolic disturbances, and certain foods/medications. Symptoms include pain, nausea, hematuria, and urinary issues. Diagnosis involves tests like CT scans, ultrasounds, and urine analysis. Treatment includes increasing fluid intake, pain medications, dietary changes, and medications to prevent future stones. Surgical options for removing stones include endourologic procedures, lithotripsy, and open surgeries like ureterolithotomy.
Mootrashmari wsr to urolithiasis
1. Urolithiasis refers to the formation of stones in the urinary tract, which can occur anywhere from the kidneys to the urethra. The document discusses the clinical approach to urolithiasis with a focus on etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations, medical and surgical management based on Ayurveda and modern medicine.
2. Evaluation involves history, physical exam, lab tests of urine and blood, and imaging modalities like ultrasound, CT, IVU. Management depends on stone size, location and includes conservative measures, medical expulsive therapy, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and
Uses of urinalysis in clinical chemistry new
Urinalysis provides useful information about organ and systemic functions. It has a long history dating back 6000 years and involves examining properties of urine like color, volume, and sediment under a microscope. Urine is formed in the kidneys by filtering blood and selectively reabsorbing or secreting substances. Common uses of urinalysis include detecting urinary tract infections, renal disease, liver disease, diabetes, nutritional deficiencies, toxic states, and cancer. Specific substances tested can indicate various disorders of the kidneys, pancreas, adrenals, and other endocrine glands. Drug screening and monitoring disease progression are also applications of urinalysis in clinical chemistry.
Laboratory investigation of kidney disorders,urolithiasis and hypo uricemia ....
The document summarizes laboratory investigations for two kidney disorders:
1) Urolithiasis (kidney stones) - Laboratory tests help diagnose and monitor this condition through urinalysis, imaging scans to detect stones, and blood/urine tests to analyze stone composition. Treatment focuses on diet, hydration and medication.
2) Hypouricemia (low uric acid levels) - This condition is diagnosed through blood and urine testing. Causes include genetics, medications, kidney disease and pregnancy. Symptoms are generally mild but complications can include kidney stones and infections. Treatment addresses underlying causes and may include supplements.
Urinary Elimination.pdf
This document provides information on the anatomy, physiology, and functions of the urinary and bowel elimination systems. It discusses the organs involved in urinary and bowel elimination including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, small intestine, and rectum. Factors that can affect normal elimination are covered as well as common alterations like incontinence, retention, frequency, and impaction. Nursing assessments, interventions, and potential diagnoses related to promotion of normal urinary and bowel elimination are also summarized.
Unit 6 Adult Health Nursing
This document provides information about renal calculi (kidney stones). It begins with objectives for understanding renal calculi and applying nursing care. It then covers anatomy and physiology of the kidney, risk factors for kidney stones, types of stones, clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests, medical and surgical management, nursing diagnoses, and patient education topics like diet. The overall goal is to equip nurses with knowledge of renal calculi to properly assess, diagnose, and care for patients experiencing this condition.
Gouts
This case study describes a 46-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with severe pain in his right big toe. On examination, the toe was swollen, warm, red, and extremely tender. Synovial fluid analysis revealed needle-shaped urate crystals. Laboratory tests found elevated serum uric acid and urine uric acid levels. The patient was diagnosed with acute gouty arthritis based on the clinical presentation and presence of urate crystals in the synovial fluid. Gout results from elevated levels of uric acid in the blood that can lead to deposition of urate crystals in the joints.
Recommended
Upper urinary tract disorders
continuation on the urinary tract disorders. congenital and acquired disorders well covered. pyelonephritis also forms part of the text. thanks for reading. remeber to like and follow
Renal calculi
This document discusses renal calculi (kidney stones). It defines renal calculi as stones formed from increased concentrations of substances like calcium, oxalate, and uric acid in the urine. Risk factors include a sedentary lifestyle, dehydration, metabolic disturbances, and certain foods/medications. Symptoms include pain, nausea, hematuria, and urinary issues. Diagnosis involves tests like CT scans, ultrasounds, and urine analysis. Treatment includes increasing fluid intake, pain medications, dietary changes, and medications to prevent future stones. Surgical options for removing stones include endourologic procedures, lithotripsy, and open surgeries like ureterolithotomy.
Mootrashmari wsr to urolithiasis
1. Urolithiasis refers to the formation of stones in the urinary tract, which can occur anywhere from the kidneys to the urethra. The document discusses the clinical approach to urolithiasis with a focus on etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations, medical and surgical management based on Ayurveda and modern medicine.
2. Evaluation involves history, physical exam, lab tests of urine and blood, and imaging modalities like ultrasound, CT, IVU. Management depends on stone size, location and includes conservative measures, medical expulsive therapy, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and
Uses of urinalysis in clinical chemistry new
Urinalysis provides useful information about organ and systemic functions. It has a long history dating back 6000 years and involves examining properties of urine like color, volume, and sediment under a microscope. Urine is formed in the kidneys by filtering blood and selectively reabsorbing or secreting substances. Common uses of urinalysis include detecting urinary tract infections, renal disease, liver disease, diabetes, nutritional deficiencies, toxic states, and cancer. Specific substances tested can indicate various disorders of the kidneys, pancreas, adrenals, and other endocrine glands. Drug screening and monitoring disease progression are also applications of urinalysis in clinical chemistry.
Laboratory investigation of kidney disorders,urolithiasis and hypo uricemia ....
The document summarizes laboratory investigations for two kidney disorders:
1) Urolithiasis (kidney stones) - Laboratory tests help diagnose and monitor this condition through urinalysis, imaging scans to detect stones, and blood/urine tests to analyze stone composition. Treatment focuses on diet, hydration and medication.
2) Hypouricemia (low uric acid levels) - This condition is diagnosed through blood and urine testing. Causes include genetics, medications, kidney disease and pregnancy. Symptoms are generally mild but complications can include kidney stones and infections. Treatment addresses underlying causes and may include supplements.
Urinary Elimination.pdf
This document provides information on the anatomy, physiology, and functions of the urinary and bowel elimination systems. It discusses the organs involved in urinary and bowel elimination including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, small intestine, and rectum. Factors that can affect normal elimination are covered as well as common alterations like incontinence, retention, frequency, and impaction. Nursing assessments, interventions, and potential diagnoses related to promotion of normal urinary and bowel elimination are also summarized.
Unit 6 Adult Health Nursing
This document provides information about renal calculi (kidney stones). It begins with objectives for understanding renal calculi and applying nursing care. It then covers anatomy and physiology of the kidney, risk factors for kidney stones, types of stones, clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests, medical and surgical management, nursing diagnoses, and patient education topics like diet. The overall goal is to equip nurses with knowledge of renal calculi to properly assess, diagnose, and care for patients experiencing this condition.
Gouts
This case study describes a 46-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with severe pain in his right big toe. On examination, the toe was swollen, warm, red, and extremely tender. Synovial fluid analysis revealed needle-shaped urate crystals. Laboratory tests found elevated serum uric acid and urine uric acid levels. The patient was diagnosed with acute gouty arthritis based on the clinical presentation and presence of urate crystals in the synovial fluid. Gout results from elevated levels of uric acid in the blood that can lead to deposition of urate crystals in the joints.
chronic renal failure.pptx
INTRODUCTION
Cancer is a general term used to refer to a condition where the body’s cells begin to grow and reproduce in an uncontrollable way. Lung cancers are the fourth most common cancer reported in the Indian males.
DEFINITION
Lung carcinoma is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. If left untreated, this growth can spread beyond the lung by the process of metastasis into nearby tissue or other parts of the body.
CAUSES
The most common causes of fracture include,
I. Tobacco smoke
Tobacco use is responsible for more than one of every six deaths. The younger a person is when he or she starts smoking, the greater the risk of developing lung cancer.
II. Secondhand smoke
Passive smoking has been identified as a possible cause of lung cancer in nonsmokers. People who are involuntarily exposed to tobacco smoke in a closed environment (house, automobile, and building) have an increased risk of lung cancer when compared with unexposed nonsmokers.
III. Environmental and occupational exposure
Various carcinogens have been identified in the atmosphere, including motor vehicle emissions and pollutants fromrefineries and manufacturing plants. High levels of radon have been associated with the development of lung cancer, especially when combined with cigarette smoking. Chronic exposure to industrial carcinogens, such as arsenic, asbestos, mustard gas, chromates, coke oven fumes, nickel, oil, and radiation has been associated with the development of lung cancer.
IV. Genetics
Some familial predisposition to lung cancer seems apparent, because the incidence of lung cancer in close relatives of patients with lung cancer appears to be two to three times that in the general population regardless of smoking status.
TYPES OF LUNG CANCER:
1. Small cell lung carcinoma
• Accounts for 15%-25% of lung cancers
• It is most malignant form
• Tends to spread early via lymphatic and bloodstream
• Is frequently associated with endocrine disturbances
• Predominantly central and can cause bronchial obstruction and pneumonia.
2. Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Is further classified by cell type,
Adenocarcinoma
• Most common type
• Accounts for approximately 30%-40% of lung cancers
• More common in women
• Often gas no clinical manifestations until widespread metastasis is present
• Usually begins in mucous glandular tissue, is most commonly located in peripheral portions of lungs.
Squamous cell carcinoma
• Second most common type of lung cancer
• Accounts for 30%-35% of lung cancers
• Is more common in men
• Arises from the bronchial epithelium of the lungs or bronchus, slow-growing cancer that usually begins in the bronchial tubes.
Large cell carcinoma
• The least common form
• Accounts for 5%-15% of lung cancers
• Composed of large sized cells that are anaplastic and often arise in the bronchi, commonly causes cavitation
• Is highly metastatic via lymphatic and blood.
STAGING OF NON-SMALL CELL LUNG C
renal stone.pdf
This document discusses renal calculi (kidney stones), including their incidence, causes, risk factors, types, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management. It provides an overview of the different types of kidney stones such as calcium, struvite, uric acid and cystine stones. Diagnostic tests including imaging, blood tests and urine analysis are used to identify stones and determine their composition. Treatment involves pain relief, increasing fluid intake, preventing infections, and sometimes surgical procedures if stones do not pass spontaneously. Nursing care focuses on relieving pain, ensuring adequate hydration and output, and educating patients on preventing future stone recurrences.
final renal seminar.pptx
The document discusses pyelonephritis, which is an inflammation of the renal pelvis and parenchyma caused by a bacterial infection. It can be caused by an ascending or hematogenous infection. Symptoms include flank pain, fever, vomiting and frequent urination. Diagnosis involves urine culture and sensitivity as well as imaging tests. Treatment aims to eliminate pathogenic organisms with antibiotics based on culture results and remove any contributing factors to decreased resistance. Mild cases may only require a short course of oral antibiotics while severe cases involving abscesses may require IV antibiotics or even drainage of abscesses.
final renal seminar.pptx
The document discusses the urinary system and renal disorders. It provides information on the structure and function of the kidneys, nephrons, and other components of the urinary system. It also covers different types of renal disorders like urinary incontinence, including stress, urge, overflow, and reflex incontinence. Causes, symptoms, diagnostic tests, and management of urinary incontinence are described. Both non-surgical and surgical treatment options are mentioned.
01-INVESTIGATIONS IN KDInvesting ckd bugando cuhas
This document discusses investigations used in kidney disease. It begins with an introduction to kidney anatomy and physiology. Laboratory tests discussed include urine analysis, renal function tests measuring creatinine and GFR, electrolytes, and blood work including markers for glomerular diseases. Imaging options like ultrasound, CT, MRI, and angiography are outlined. Kidney biopsy procedures and their utility are also summarized.
OSCE Tutorial W8 AKI & Urinalysis.pptx
1) The document provides an overview of acute kidney injury (AKI) and urinalysis. It discusses the physiology of the kidney, pathophysiology of AKI including pre-renal, renal and post-renal causes, criteria for diagnosing AKI, investigations for AKI including urinalysis, and management of AKI.
2) Key points covered include the kidney's role in electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, water balance and blood pressure regulation. The document also discusses the three subtypes of AKI and how they present differently. Criteria for diagnosing AKI such as RIFLE and AKIN are presented.
3) Investigations discussed are renal function tests
CHOLELITHIASIS, NEPHROLITHIASIS SECONDARY HYPERTENSION, DM TYPE 2, HYDRONEPH...
CHOLELITHIASIS, NEPHROLITHIASIS
SECONDARY HYPERTENSION, DM TYPE 2, HYDRONEPHROSIS
This presentation contains real names of persons involve of this particular study. This names should not be copied or rewritten. Used the data of this study as basis only. All rights reserved 2009.
Urine analysis.ppt
Urine analysis is a common medical diagnostic tool that can evaluate general health, diagnose diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract, and monitor conditions like diabetes. A urine analysis involves macroscopic examination of properties like volume, color, odor, pH and specific gravity. Microscopic examination analyzes cellular elements and crystals in sediment. Chemical analysis tests for proteins, glucose, ketones, blood, and other substances. Abnormal results can indicate issues with the kidneys, urinary tract, liver or other organs. Precise diagnosis requires correlating clinical history with comprehensive urine analysis findings.
Urinary retension (1)
Urinary retention is the inability to fully empty the bladder. It can be acute or chronic. Common causes include benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), urethral strictures, neurological conditions, and certain medications. Evaluation involves history, physical exam, urinalysis, imaging tests like ultrasound and urodynamic studies. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include medications, procedures like cystoscopy or TURP, and sometimes surgery. Differential diagnosis considers defects along the urinary tract from the bladder to urethra and neurological pathways.
Renal calculi (LENOVOPC,S).pptx
This document provides tips and instructions for using a PowerPoint presentation on kidney stones. It recommends displaying blank slides to engage students by asking what they know about each topic before showing the content slide. Reviewing blank slides again at the end allows active learning through multiple revisions. The presentation covers topics like etiology, risk factors, pathophysiology of different stone types, clinical features including symptoms and complications, investigations and management options. QR codes are provided to access the full presentation on different platforms.
MS GU.pptx
The document provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system. It describes the structures of the kidneys and nephrons and their roles in filtering waste and regulating electrolytes. Diagnostic tests for evaluating urinary issues are also summarized, including urinalysis, renal function tests, imaging like ultrasound and CT, as well as endoscopic procedures.
cirrhosis ppt-1.pptx
Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver caused by long-term liver damage and injury. It is characterized by the replacement of liver tissue with fibrous scar tissue and regenerative nodules, leading to loss of liver function. Common causes include alcoholism, hepatitis B/C infection, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, jaundice, easy bruising, fluid retention, and hepatic encephalopathy. Treatment focuses on managing complications, treating the underlying cause if possible, and liver transplantation for end-stage disease. Homeopathic remedies like Nux Vomica, Phosphorus, and Bryonia can help manage symptoms in some cases.
Renal calculi
Nephrolithiasis refers to stones (calculi) in kidney when urinary concentration of substances such as calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate and uric acid increases, but they can form in or migrate to the lower urinary system. They are typically asymptomatic until they pass into the lower urinary tract.
Polycystic Kidney Disease
This document provides an overview of polycystic kidney disease (PKD), including a history, introduction to the different types (autosomal dominant and recessive), pathophysiology, diagnostic tests and treatments. It discusses the first known case in the 16th century Polish king and subsequent studies defining it as a clinical entity. The two main types are described in more detail, focusing on genetics, characteristics and management. A case study is presented of a 42-year old female diagnosed with autosomal dominant PKD who underwent genetic testing identifying a heterozygous nonsense mutation.
Introduction to Renal System and Hematuria
This document provides an introduction to the renal system and hematuria. It discusses the clinical anatomy of the kidneys, common causes of kidney disease, and an overview of renal anatomy. It then focuses on hematuria, defining it, discussing causes such as infection, glomerular disease, trauma, and drugs. The evaluation of hematuria is described, including history, physical exam, urine testing, and imaging. A multi-step approach to diagnosis and potential referral criteria are also outlined.
02-Investigations kidney Urinalysis.pptx
This document outlines the components and utility of urinalysis. It discusses the importance of urinalysis as a non-invasive diagnostic tool that can provide information about renal and systemic health issues. The key components of urinalysis covered are physical examination of attributes like color and specific gravity, microscopic examination of sediment and crystals, and chemical analysis to detect substances like glucose, proteins, ketones and others. Together, urinalysis provides valuable insights into conditions affecting the kidneys, urinary tract, and other body systems.
Approach to renal patient 2
1. The document discusses renal disease and renal failure, defining key terms like oliguria, anuria, and uremia.
2. It describes the different types of renal failure - acute renal failure (AKI), chronic renal failure (CKD), and acute on top of chronic renal failure. AKI is a sudden loss of renal function over hours to days, while CKD is a gradual reduction in kidney function.
3. The causes, clinical presentations, complications, diagnostic tests, and treatment approaches are outlined for AKI and CKD. Management may include treating the underlying cause, managing complications, modifying diet and electrolytes, and initiating dialysis in severe cases.
Urinary system – common pathological correlation
Presentation on common urinary system pathologies and radiological findings. Just a brief explanation. Further info can be obtained from www.radiopaedia.org and www.radiologyassistant.nl
Pancreas
This document discusses diseases of the pancreas. It begins with the development of the pancreas in the embryo, then covers its anatomy, investigations, congenital anomalies, injuries, acute and chronic pancreatitis, pseudocysts, carcinoma, and treatments. For carcinoma, it describes the types, symptoms, investigations, resection of the head of the pancreas, and palliation to relieve jaundice, improve gastric emptying, and provide pain relief and symptom management. Stents are mentioned as a method to relieve jaundice in pancreatic cancer patients.
chronic pancreatitis anoop k r
- The patient has a history of chronic pancreatitis dating back to 2010 when she was diagnosed with a large pancreatic duct stone. She has undergone multiple procedures to treat this including ERCP, USG, and CT imaging.
- Her current management involves pain relief through lateral pancreaticojejunostomy surgery to help decompress the pancreatic duct and remove the stone causing her chronic pancreatitis. Her post-op recovery was smooth and she was pain free after the procedure.
- Chronic pancreatitis is permanent pancreatic damage caused by inflammation and fibrosis. It has many etiologies including alcohol use, genetics, obstruction, and is characterized by exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Complications include pseudocysts, pancreatic asc
More Related Content
Similar to renal calculi power point presentation c
chronic renal failure.pptx
INTRODUCTION
Cancer is a general term used to refer to a condition where the body’s cells begin to grow and reproduce in an uncontrollable way. Lung cancers are the fourth most common cancer reported in the Indian males.
DEFINITION
Lung carcinoma is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. If left untreated, this growth can spread beyond the lung by the process of metastasis into nearby tissue or other parts of the body.
CAUSES
The most common causes of fracture include,
I. Tobacco smoke
Tobacco use is responsible for more than one of every six deaths. The younger a person is when he or she starts smoking, the greater the risk of developing lung cancer.
II. Secondhand smoke
Passive smoking has been identified as a possible cause of lung cancer in nonsmokers. People who are involuntarily exposed to tobacco smoke in a closed environment (house, automobile, and building) have an increased risk of lung cancer when compared with unexposed nonsmokers.
III. Environmental and occupational exposure
Various carcinogens have been identified in the atmosphere, including motor vehicle emissions and pollutants fromrefineries and manufacturing plants. High levels of radon have been associated with the development of lung cancer, especially when combined with cigarette smoking. Chronic exposure to industrial carcinogens, such as arsenic, asbestos, mustard gas, chromates, coke oven fumes, nickel, oil, and radiation has been associated with the development of lung cancer.
IV. Genetics
Some familial predisposition to lung cancer seems apparent, because the incidence of lung cancer in close relatives of patients with lung cancer appears to be two to three times that in the general population regardless of smoking status.
TYPES OF LUNG CANCER:
1. Small cell lung carcinoma
• Accounts for 15%-25% of lung cancers
• It is most malignant form
• Tends to spread early via lymphatic and bloodstream
• Is frequently associated with endocrine disturbances
• Predominantly central and can cause bronchial obstruction and pneumonia.
2. Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Is further classified by cell type,
Adenocarcinoma
• Most common type
• Accounts for approximately 30%-40% of lung cancers
• More common in women
• Often gas no clinical manifestations until widespread metastasis is present
• Usually begins in mucous glandular tissue, is most commonly located in peripheral portions of lungs.
Squamous cell carcinoma
• Second most common type of lung cancer
• Accounts for 30%-35% of lung cancers
• Is more common in men
• Arises from the bronchial epithelium of the lungs or bronchus, slow-growing cancer that usually begins in the bronchial tubes.
Large cell carcinoma
• The least common form
• Accounts for 5%-15% of lung cancers
• Composed of large sized cells that are anaplastic and often arise in the bronchi, commonly causes cavitation
• Is highly metastatic via lymphatic and blood.
STAGING OF NON-SMALL CELL LUNG C
renal stone.pdf
This document discusses renal calculi (kidney stones), including their incidence, causes, risk factors, types, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management. It provides an overview of the different types of kidney stones such as calcium, struvite, uric acid and cystine stones. Diagnostic tests including imaging, blood tests and urine analysis are used to identify stones and determine their composition. Treatment involves pain relief, increasing fluid intake, preventing infections, and sometimes surgical procedures if stones do not pass spontaneously. Nursing care focuses on relieving pain, ensuring adequate hydration and output, and educating patients on preventing future stone recurrences.
final renal seminar.pptx
The document discusses pyelonephritis, which is an inflammation of the renal pelvis and parenchyma caused by a bacterial infection. It can be caused by an ascending or hematogenous infection. Symptoms include flank pain, fever, vomiting and frequent urination. Diagnosis involves urine culture and sensitivity as well as imaging tests. Treatment aims to eliminate pathogenic organisms with antibiotics based on culture results and remove any contributing factors to decreased resistance. Mild cases may only require a short course of oral antibiotics while severe cases involving abscesses may require IV antibiotics or even drainage of abscesses.
final renal seminar.pptx
The document discusses the urinary system and renal disorders. It provides information on the structure and function of the kidneys, nephrons, and other components of the urinary system. It also covers different types of renal disorders like urinary incontinence, including stress, urge, overflow, and reflex incontinence. Causes, symptoms, diagnostic tests, and management of urinary incontinence are described. Both non-surgical and surgical treatment options are mentioned.
01-INVESTIGATIONS IN KDInvesting ckd bugando cuhas
This document discusses investigations used in kidney disease. It begins with an introduction to kidney anatomy and physiology. Laboratory tests discussed include urine analysis, renal function tests measuring creatinine and GFR, electrolytes, and blood work including markers for glomerular diseases. Imaging options like ultrasound, CT, MRI, and angiography are outlined. Kidney biopsy procedures and their utility are also summarized.
OSCE Tutorial W8 AKI & Urinalysis.pptx
1) The document provides an overview of acute kidney injury (AKI) and urinalysis. It discusses the physiology of the kidney, pathophysiology of AKI including pre-renal, renal and post-renal causes, criteria for diagnosing AKI, investigations for AKI including urinalysis, and management of AKI.
2) Key points covered include the kidney's role in electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, water balance and blood pressure regulation. The document also discusses the three subtypes of AKI and how they present differently. Criteria for diagnosing AKI such as RIFLE and AKIN are presented.
3) Investigations discussed are renal function tests
CHOLELITHIASIS, NEPHROLITHIASIS SECONDARY HYPERTENSION, DM TYPE 2, HYDRONEPH...
CHOLELITHIASIS, NEPHROLITHIASIS
SECONDARY HYPERTENSION, DM TYPE 2, HYDRONEPHROSIS
This presentation contains real names of persons involve of this particular study. This names should not be copied or rewritten. Used the data of this study as basis only. All rights reserved 2009.
Urine analysis.ppt
Urine analysis is a common medical diagnostic tool that can evaluate general health, diagnose diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract, and monitor conditions like diabetes. A urine analysis involves macroscopic examination of properties like volume, color, odor, pH and specific gravity. Microscopic examination analyzes cellular elements and crystals in sediment. Chemical analysis tests for proteins, glucose, ketones, blood, and other substances. Abnormal results can indicate issues with the kidneys, urinary tract, liver or other organs. Precise diagnosis requires correlating clinical history with comprehensive urine analysis findings.
Urinary retension (1)
Urinary retention is the inability to fully empty the bladder. It can be acute or chronic. Common causes include benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), urethral strictures, neurological conditions, and certain medications. Evaluation involves history, physical exam, urinalysis, imaging tests like ultrasound and urodynamic studies. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include medications, procedures like cystoscopy or TURP, and sometimes surgery. Differential diagnosis considers defects along the urinary tract from the bladder to urethra and neurological pathways.
Renal calculi (LENOVOPC,S).pptx
This document provides tips and instructions for using a PowerPoint presentation on kidney stones. It recommends displaying blank slides to engage students by asking what they know about each topic before showing the content slide. Reviewing blank slides again at the end allows active learning through multiple revisions. The presentation covers topics like etiology, risk factors, pathophysiology of different stone types, clinical features including symptoms and complications, investigations and management options. QR codes are provided to access the full presentation on different platforms.
MS GU.pptx
The document provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system. It describes the structures of the kidneys and nephrons and their roles in filtering waste and regulating electrolytes. Diagnostic tests for evaluating urinary issues are also summarized, including urinalysis, renal function tests, imaging like ultrasound and CT, as well as endoscopic procedures.
cirrhosis ppt-1.pptx
Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver caused by long-term liver damage and injury. It is characterized by the replacement of liver tissue with fibrous scar tissue and regenerative nodules, leading to loss of liver function. Common causes include alcoholism, hepatitis B/C infection, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, jaundice, easy bruising, fluid retention, and hepatic encephalopathy. Treatment focuses on managing complications, treating the underlying cause if possible, and liver transplantation for end-stage disease. Homeopathic remedies like Nux Vomica, Phosphorus, and Bryonia can help manage symptoms in some cases.
Renal calculi
Nephrolithiasis refers to stones (calculi) in kidney when urinary concentration of substances such as calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate and uric acid increases, but they can form in or migrate to the lower urinary system. They are typically asymptomatic until they pass into the lower urinary tract.
Polycystic Kidney Disease
This document provides an overview of polycystic kidney disease (PKD), including a history, introduction to the different types (autosomal dominant and recessive), pathophysiology, diagnostic tests and treatments. It discusses the first known case in the 16th century Polish king and subsequent studies defining it as a clinical entity. The two main types are described in more detail, focusing on genetics, characteristics and management. A case study is presented of a 42-year old female diagnosed with autosomal dominant PKD who underwent genetic testing identifying a heterozygous nonsense mutation.
Introduction to Renal System and Hematuria
This document provides an introduction to the renal system and hematuria. It discusses the clinical anatomy of the kidneys, common causes of kidney disease, and an overview of renal anatomy. It then focuses on hematuria, defining it, discussing causes such as infection, glomerular disease, trauma, and drugs. The evaluation of hematuria is described, including history, physical exam, urine testing, and imaging. A multi-step approach to diagnosis and potential referral criteria are also outlined.
02-Investigations kidney Urinalysis.pptx
This document outlines the components and utility of urinalysis. It discusses the importance of urinalysis as a non-invasive diagnostic tool that can provide information about renal and systemic health issues. The key components of urinalysis covered are physical examination of attributes like color and specific gravity, microscopic examination of sediment and crystals, and chemical analysis to detect substances like glucose, proteins, ketones and others. Together, urinalysis provides valuable insights into conditions affecting the kidneys, urinary tract, and other body systems.
Approach to renal patient 2
1. The document discusses renal disease and renal failure, defining key terms like oliguria, anuria, and uremia.
2. It describes the different types of renal failure - acute renal failure (AKI), chronic renal failure (CKD), and acute on top of chronic renal failure. AKI is a sudden loss of renal function over hours to days, while CKD is a gradual reduction in kidney function.
3. The causes, clinical presentations, complications, diagnostic tests, and treatment approaches are outlined for AKI and CKD. Management may include treating the underlying cause, managing complications, modifying diet and electrolytes, and initiating dialysis in severe cases.
Urinary system – common pathological correlation
Presentation on common urinary system pathologies and radiological findings. Just a brief explanation. Further info can be obtained from www.radiopaedia.org and www.radiologyassistant.nl
Pancreas
This document discusses diseases of the pancreas. It begins with the development of the pancreas in the embryo, then covers its anatomy, investigations, congenital anomalies, injuries, acute and chronic pancreatitis, pseudocysts, carcinoma, and treatments. For carcinoma, it describes the types, symptoms, investigations, resection of the head of the pancreas, and palliation to relieve jaundice, improve gastric emptying, and provide pain relief and symptom management. Stents are mentioned as a method to relieve jaundice in pancreatic cancer patients.
chronic pancreatitis anoop k r
- The patient has a history of chronic pancreatitis dating back to 2010 when she was diagnosed with a large pancreatic duct stone. She has undergone multiple procedures to treat this including ERCP, USG, and CT imaging.
- Her current management involves pain relief through lateral pancreaticojejunostomy surgery to help decompress the pancreatic duct and remove the stone causing her chronic pancreatitis. Her post-op recovery was smooth and she was pain free after the procedure.
- Chronic pancreatitis is permanent pancreatic damage caused by inflammation and fibrosis. It has many etiologies including alcohol use, genetics, obstruction, and is characterized by exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Complications include pseudocysts, pancreatic asc
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01-INVESTIGATIONS IN KDInvesting ckd bugando cuhas
01-INVESTIGATIONS IN KDInvesting ckd bugando cuhas
CHOLELITHIASIS, NEPHROLITHIASIS SECONDARY HYPERTENSION, DM TYPE 2, HYDRONEPH...
CHOLELITHIASIS, NEPHROLITHIASIS SECONDARY HYPERTENSION, DM TYPE 2, HYDRONEPH...
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Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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