Relative clauses are subordinate clauses that modify a noun phrase and typically begin with who, which, or whose. Who and which are used to refer to people or things, while whose shows possession. Common mistakes include adding extra pronouns after who or which, since these pronouns already take the place of pronouns like he or she. Relative clauses can also be used without an explicit relative pronoun in informal English.

1. Relative clauses (1) :using who, which and whose

2. What is a relative clauses?

3. Subordinate clause that modifies a noun phrase , most commonly a noun which begins with who,which or whoseExample :Pn. Rabiah is the person who found your purse

4. Who and Which

5. ExampleStudent who arrive late must wait outsideHere is the book which you wanted

6. whoseIts shows possession. We use whose before a nounExample : This morning I gave a ride to a friend whose car is in tune-upThe car belongs to the friend

8. A common mistake: adding extra pronouns

9. In a relative clause, we do not use words like he or she after who or which. This is because who and which take the place of he or sheExample:A man who he spends all his money is a fool.A man who spends all his money is a fool.

10. Relative clauses without a relative pronoun

11. In informal English, we often leave out the relative pronoun.I found the book you wanted.

12. that’s all from me…thank you