This document provides an in-depth overview of Redux concepts and best practices. It begins with an introduction to core Redux concepts like actions, reducers, and the store. It then discusses more advanced topics like enhancers, middleware, and code splitting across routes. The document also outlines some common problems with Redux like typos, type errors, tree shaking issues, and chunking reducers. It proposes dispatching reducers instead of action types as a potential solution but notes it does not fully address all the problems.

1. Redux Deep Dive

2. Destructuring an Object
1. const newState = {
2. ...state,
3. key1: value1,
4. key2: value2
5. }
1. const newState = _.extend(
2. {},
3. state,
4. {
5. key1, value1,
6. key2, value2
7. }
8. )

3. Agenda
1. Redux Basics (Brief)
2. Enhancers, Middlewares
3. Problems
1. Typos, Types, Tree Shaking, Chunking
2. Partial but failing Solutions
4. Solution

4. React’s Philosophy
Props /
State
VDOM DOM
render
Pure Function
React

5. React Philosophy
Events
Props /
State
VDOM DOM
render
Pure Function
ReactsetState

6. As your App grows, it
becomes difficult to
manage using setState

7. Enter Redux

8. Redux Store
State
Component
Action
Reducers

9. Provide store at root level
1. import { createStore } from 'redux'
2. import { Provider } from 'react-redux';
3.
4. import reducer from './reducers';
5.
6. const store = createStore(reducer);
7.
8. export default () => {
9. return (
10. <Provider store={store}>
11. <App>
12. </Provider>
13. )
14. };

10. Store’s State passed to Components
1. import { connect } from 'react-redux'
2.
3. class HeaderComponent extends React.Component {
4. render () {
5. return (
6. <h1> {this.props.user} </h1>
7. )
8. }
9. }
10.
11. const mapStateToProps = (state) => ({
12. user: state.user
13. });
14.
15. export default connect(mapStateToProps)(HeaderComponent);

11. Dispatch an Action
1. class Counter extends React.Component {
2. onClick = (e) => {
3. this.props.dispatch({
4. type: 'COUNTER_CLICKED',
5. payload: e.currentTarget.data.id
6. })
7. }
8. render () {
9. return <div
10. onClick={this.onClick(e)}
11. data-id={this.props.id}
12. />
13. }
14. }

12. Reducer
1. export default function reducer(state, action) {
2. switch (action.type) {
3. case 'COUNTER_CLICKED':
4. return {
5. ...state,
6. counterClicked: true
7. }
8. ...
9. default:
10. return state;
11. }
12.}

13. Redux Store
State
Component
Action
Reducers

14. Time to Level Up

15. Enhancers
createStore => newCreateStore

16. Enhancers wrap around createStore
enhancer
createStore

17. 1. function enhancer (createStore) {
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.}
Sample Enhancer which logs on every getState()

18. 1. function enhancer (createStore) {
2. return (...args) => {
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. }
12.}
Sample Enhancer which logs on every getState()

19. 1. function enhancer (createStore) {
2. return (...args) => {
3. const store = createStore(...args)
4. return {
5. ...store,
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. }
11. }
12.}
Sample Enhancer which logs on every getState()

20. 1. function enhancer (createStore) {
2. return (...args) => {
3. const store = createStore(...args)
4. return {
5. ...store,
6. getState: () => {
7. console.log('getState was called')
8. return store.getState()
9. }
10. }
11. }
12.}
Sample Enhancer which logs on every getState()

21. How to use Enhancers
1. const store = enchancer(createStore)(reducer)
OR
1. const store = createStore(reducer, enhancer)

22. Multiple Enhancers
1. const store = enhancer1(enhancer2(createStore))(reducer)
OR
1. const store = compose(enhacer1, enhancer2)(createStore)(reducer)
OR
1. const store = createStore(reducer, compose(enchancer1, enhancer2))

23. (( )))compose( first , second , third )( ...args( )

24. Art by C

25. Debugging – Redux Dev Tools

26. applyMiddleware
1. export default function applyMiddleware(...middlewares) {
2. return (createStore) => (...args) => {
3. const store = createStore(...args)
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14. }
15. }

27. applyMiddleware is an Enhancer
1. export default function applyMiddleware(...middlewares) {
2. return (createStore) => (...args) => {
3. const store = createStore(...args)
4. let dispatch = () => {}
5. const newStore = {
6. ...store,
7. dispatch: (...action) => dispatch(...action)
8. }
9.
10.
11.
12.
13. return newStore
14. }
15. }

28. applyMiddleware is an Enhancer
1. export default function applyMiddleware(...middlewares) {
2. return (createStore) => (...args) => {
3. const store = createStore(...args)
4. let dispatch = () => {}
5. const newStore = {
6. ...store,
7. dispatch: (...action) => dispatch(...action)
8. }
9.
10. const chain = middlewares.map(middleware => middleware(newStore)) // init with store
11. dispatch = compose(...chain)(store.dispatch) // load with next dispatch
12.
13. return newStore
14. }
15. }

29. Redux Middlewares
store => nextMiddleware => action => nextMiddleware(action)

30. Redux Thunk
1. const thunk = store => next => action => {
2. if (typeof action === 'function') {
3. return action(store.dispatch, store.getState)
4. }
5.
6. return next(action)
7. }

31. Redux Thunk Usage
1. function doSomethingAction (dispatch) {
2. dispatch((dispatch, getState) => {
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8. })
9. }

32. Redux Thunk Usage
1. function doSomethingAction (dispatch) {
2. dispatch((dispatch, getState) => {
3. const state = getState()
4. dispatch({
5. type: 'DO_SOMETHING',
6. payload: state.user
7. })
8. })
9. }

33. Non DOM Side Effects
1. const setTitle = store => next => action => {
2. const getState = store.getState
3.
4. const oldTitle = getState().title
5. next(action)
6. const newTitle = getState().title
7.
8. if (oldTitle !== newTitle) {
9. document.title = newTitle
10. }
11. return action
12.}

34. Tracking Breadcrumbs / User Flow
1. import Raven from '../helpers/sentry’
2.
3. const trackBreadCrumb = () => next => action => {
4. Raven.captureBreadcrumb({
5. category: 'redux'
6. message: action.type
7. })
8. return next(action)
9. }

35. Sentry Error Logs Breadcrumbs

36. How to use these middlewares
1. import { createStore, applyMiddleware } from 'redux'
2.
const store = createStore(
3. reducer,
4. compose(
5. applyMiddleware(
6. thunk,
7. setTitle,
8. trackBreadcrumb
9. ),
10. window.__REDUX_DEVTOOLS_EXTENSION__()
11. )
12. )

37. Redux-sagas
For more info attend Preeti’s talk after lunch.

38. My Problems

39. My Problems
^

40. 1. Typos

41. Typos
1. dispatch({
2. type: 'DO_SOEMTHING_AMAMAZING'
3. })

42. export const AMAZING_ACTION = 'AMAZING_ACTION’ // actionsList.js
1. import {AMAZING_ACTION} from
'./actionsList’
2.
3. dispatch({
4. type: AMAZING_ACTION
5. })
1. import {AMAZING_ACTION} from
'../actionsList’
2.
3. export function reducer (state, action) {
4. switch (action.type) {
5. case AMAZING_ACTION:
6. ...
7. }
8. }

43. // actionsList.js
1. export const AMAZING_ACTION = 'AMAZING_ACTION'
2. export const AWESOME_ACTION = 'AWESOME_ACTION'
3. export const FANTASTIC_ACTION = 'FANTASTIC_ACTION'
4. export const MINDBLOWING_ACTION = 'MINDBLOWING_ACTION'
5. export const ACTION_ACTION = 'ACTION_ACTION'
6. export const DRAMA_ACTION = 'DRAMA_ACTION'
7. export const AMAZING_ACTION_2 = 'AMAZING_ACTION_2'
8. export const AWESOME_ACTION_2 = 'AWESOME_ACTION_2'
9. export const FANTASTIC_ACTION_2 = 'FANTASTIC_ACTION_2'
10. export const MINDBLOWING_ACTION_2 = 'MINDBLOWING_ACTION_2'
11. export const ACTION_ACTION_2 = 'ACTION_ACTION_2'
12. export const DRAMA_ACTION_2 = 'DRAMA_ACTION_2'
13. export const AMAZING_ACTION_3 = 'AMAZING_ACTION_3'
14. export const AWESOME_ACTION_3 = 'AWESOME_ACTION_3'
15. export const FANTASTIC_ACTION_3 = 'FANTASTIC_ACTION_3'
16. export const MINDBLOWING_ACTION_3 = 'MINDBLOWING_ACTION_3'
17. export const ACTION_ACTION_3 = 'ACTION_ACTION_3'
18. export const DRAMA_ACTION_3 = 'DRAMA_ACTION_3’

44. Need to add in 3 places instead of 2 😩
1.Actions
2.Reducers
3.ActionsList

46. 2. Types

47. Types - Action
1. dispatch({
2. type: 'ACTION_DRAMA',
3. payload: 8
4. })

48. Types - Action
1. dispatch({
2. type: 'ACTION_DRAMA',
3. payload: {
4. id: 8,
5. rating: 9.5
6. }
7. })

49. Types - Reducer
1. function reducer (state, action) {
2. switch (action.type) {
3. case 'ACTION_DRAMA':
4. const id = action.payload
5.
6. ...
7.
8. }
9. }

50. Types - Reducer
1. function reducer (state, action) {
2. switch (action.type) {
3. case 'ACTION_DRAMA':
4. const {id, rating} = action.payload
5.
6. ...
7.
8. }
9. }

51. In another location, you forgot
1. dispatch({
2. type: 'ACTION_DRAMA',
3. payload: 8
4. })

52. How are you going to grep / search this?
1. const ACTION = 'ACTION_'
2. dispatch({
3. type: ACTION + 'DRAMA',
4. payload: 8
5. })

53. Image by Dave Dugdale of www.learningDSLRVideo.com

57. Action Types
1. export type DramaAction = {
2. type: 'DRAMA_ACTION',
3. payload: {
4. id: number,
5. rating: number
6. },
7. };
8.
9. export type ActionAction = {
10. type: 'ACTION_ACTION',
11. payload: number,
12. };
13.
14. export type Action = DramaAction | ActionAction;

58. Store Types
1. import type {
2. Store as ReduxStore,
3. Dispatch as ReduxDispatch,
4. } from 'redux';
5. import type { Action } from './Action';
6. import type { State } from './State';
7.
8. export type Store = ReduxStore<State, Action>;
9.
10. export type GetState = () => State;
11.
12. export type Dispatch = ReduxDispatch<Action>
13.

59. Action
1. import type {Dispatch} from './types/Store'
2.
export function dramaAction(dispatch: Dispatch, id: number, rating: number) {
3. return dispatch({
4. type: 'DRAMA_ACTION',
5. payload: { id, rating }
6. });
7. }
8.
export function actionAction(dispatch: Dispatch, id: number) {
9. return dispatch({
10. type: 'ACTION_ACTION',
11. payload: id
12. })
13. }

60. Need to maintain 3 places instead of 2 😩
1.Actions
2.Reducers
3.ActionTypes

62. Too much work, must find hack.
1. export type FallbackAction = {
2. type: string,
3. [string]: any
4. }
5.
6. export type Action = DramaAction | ActionAction | FallbackAction;

63. 3. Tree Shaking
Removing unused code during build or minification

64. Long list of Switch Case in Reducer
1. export default function reducer(state, action) {
2. switch (action.type) {
3. case 'DRAMA_ACTION':
4. return {
5. ...state,
6. movie: {id: action.id, rating: action.rating}
7. }
8. case 'ACTION_ACTION':
9. return {
10. ...state,
11. movie: {id: action.id}
12. }
13. default:
14. return state;
15. }
16. }
Tree Shaking Dead Code
becomes difficult

65. 4. Route Specific Code Splitting
Reducers

66. Pinterest’s Chunks
Possibly even Reducers

67. Pinterest’s Chunks
Route Specific Reducers

68. store.replaceReducer
1. import globalReducer from './reducers/globalReducer'
2.
function onRouteChange (newReducer) {
3. store.replaceReducer(
4. mergeReducer(
5. globalReducer,
6. newReducer
7. )
8. )
9. }

69. How to go ahead with Route Specific Reducers
1. Each Chunk defines its reducer
2. Before component is rendered, call
store.replaceReducer

70. Problems with this approach
1. Difficult to migrate.
2. Difficult to ensure that the correct reducer will be
available when you dispatch an action.

71. Photo by Riccardo Annandale on Unsplash

72. Dispatch your reducer

74. Dispatch your reducer instead of type
1. import {ACTION_DRAMA} from './dramaReducers'
2.
export function dramaAction (dispatch, id, rating) {
3. dispatch({
4. reducer: ACTION_DRAMA,
5. payload: {
6. id,
7. rating
8. }
9. })
10.}

75. Reducer
1. export function ACTION_DRAMA (state, payload) {
2. return {
3. ...state,
4. movie: {
5. id: payload.id,
6. rating: payload.rating
7. }
8. }
9. }

76. But does it fix my problems?

77. 1. Typos
1. import { ACTION_DRAMA } from './dramaReducers'
2.
export function dramaAction (dispatch, id, rating) {
3. dispatch({
4. reducer: ACTION_DRAMA,
5. payload: {
6. id,
7. rating
8. }
9. })
10.}

78. 2. Types
1. import type { State } from './State';
2.
3. export type Reducer<P> = (
4. state: State,
5. payload: P
6. ) => State;
7.
8. export type Action<P> = {
9. reducer: Reducer<P>,
10. payload: P
11. }
12.
13. export type Dispatch = <T>(action: Action<T>) => void

79. 2. Types - Reducer
1. export function INCREMENT_COUNTER (state: State, payload: number): State {
2. return {
3. ...state,
4. counter: state.counter + payload
5. }
6. }

80. 2. Types - Action
1. export function increment(dispatch: Dispatch,
amount: number) {
2. return dispatch({
3. reducer: INCREMENT_COUNTER,
4. payload: 1,
5. });
6. }
7.

81. 2. Types - IDE (Nuclide) throws errors

82. 3. Tree Shaking Unused Reducer Code
1. import { ACTION_DRAMA } from './dramaReducers'
2.
export function dramaAction (dispatch, id, rating) {
3. dispatch({
4. reducer: ACTION_DRAMA,
5. payload: {
6. id,
7. rating
8. }
9. })
10.}

83. 3. Tree Shaking Unused Reducer Code
1. https://github.com/kentcdodds/webpack-tree-shaking-exports

84. 4. Code Splitting across Routes - Before
Entry
Store
Reducers Middlewares
Component
Actions

85. 4. Code Splitting across Routes - After
Entry
Store
Middlewares
Component
Actions
Reducers

86. How to get this to work?
1. const dispatchReducerMiddleware = () => next => action => {
2. if (
3. typeof action === 'object' &&
4. typeof action.reducer === 'function'
5. ) {
6. action = {
7. ...action,
8. type: action.reducer.name
9. }
10. }
11. return next(action)
12.}

87. What about the reducer passed to createStore?
1. function reducer (state, action) {
2. if (action.reducer) {
3. return action.reducer(state, action.payload)
4. }
5. return state
6. }

88. How to use with Redux Devtools
1. const store = createStore(
2. reducer,
3. compose(
4. applyMiddleware(
5. ...middlewares,
6. dispatchReducerMiddleware
7. ),
8. window.__REDUX_DEVTOOLS_EXTENSION__()
9. )
10.)

90. combineReducers
Left as an exercise to the Reader of
https://github.com/azizhk/react-boilerplate/pull/1

91. Codemod
https://gist.github.com/azizhk/b4f9f5e45055a25bd28eef56540714e4

92. Takeaway
1. Write your enhancer for your problems.
2. Write codemods for migrations

93. Aziz Khambati
/azizhk110
/@azizhk