Red Sanders tree, Pterocarpus Santalinus, is a dry land tree. It grows in degraded land of hot climate and withstands erratic rain fall. It was classified as an Endangered species in 1998, without an objective study. Sadly it was not assessed for 20 years. Good that now IUCN, Global Tree Campaign is assessing it. Hence I have represented to them the facts and proofs, as a farmer, to remove it from endangered list.
Sadly, there is no interaction between BSI (Botanical Survey of India ) and IUCN. No-one is part of assessment team. They may not even know that it is being assessed by IUCN.
Hope their assessment will remove it from Endangered list, which will be a starting point for removal of hurdles for growing it.
I understand that they will be publishing it by 28th June 2018.
Endangered Tree Species of India - Conservation - Confusions - Status and Sol...Ganesan RP
Endangered tree species recovery in India faces challenges due to lack of clear definitions, mandates, and policies. There is no central authority responsible for overseeing endangered species recovery, surveys are not conducted, and recovery plans are not made. This leads to confusion and hinders conservation efforts. Standardizing key terms and delineating responsibilities among ministries could help strengthen protections for endangered trees.
Red Sanders Facts Presented to NBA 10.10.2016Ganesan RP
Red Sanders tree, Pterocarpus Santalinus, is a dry land tree grows without irrigation, used as medicine species, & others, world wide demand, but mistakenly classified as endangered, misunderstood and curtailed.
Red sanders Actions Required by Govt of IndiaGanesan RP
Red sanders trees is a dry land tree, drought tolerant grow in hot climate. Its heartwood used for medicinal and many more purposes. It is highly demanded globally & valuable.. Unfortunately it is classified as Endangered without objective study, allowed to remain the same by MoEFCC. Hope this detailed presentation will remove all the hurdles and lapses once for all
Red sanders action required by Govt of India and It's progressGanesan RP
The document discusses the recommendations from an expert committee report on Red Sanders wood by the National Biodiversity Authority of India. Key points:
1) The report recommends a separate export policy for Red Sanders wood grown on farmland versus in forests, to promote cultivation by farmers and legal export.
2) It suggests various actions like advertising to promote cultivation, establishing a national institute, and designating existing institutes as CITES authorities to facilitate cultivation and export.
3) The complex export procedures currently in place compel smuggling of Red Sanders, so the report recommends simplifying procedures.
Red Sanders Policy issues after BSI NDF report, Feb 2020Ganesan RP
The NDF report is with fundamental lapses. The purpose of NDF study is say whether Red sanders wood lot applied for export is Detrimental to it's population or not.
Requested them multiple times, to recommend removal of CITES quantity restriction for FARMERS Red Sanders wood or at least to fix at 10000 MTS / year
Whereas BSI has recommended to harvest from planted forest and export, in spite of the fact that already around 12000 MTs are lying with state forest dept.
They did not estimate demand, they do no conservation, they do know the hardships of tree growing farmers.
SAD, confusing, unclear Misleading Report
Representation to India's Members of Parliament on Hurdles for Tree growingGanesan RP
The noble deed, tree growing is most harassed with policy lapses, old colonial rules & procedures of Forest dept. The fundamental lapses are, applying laws meant for forest protection on farmers and applying conservation issues on farmers without doing it in forest by forest dept.
It is nobodies intention to harass tree growing farmers, but it has happened.
So, representing to all Honorable Members of Parliament of India.
My representation also to UNEP / UNCCD / UNFCC etc because failure in distinguishing farmers trees from forest creates problem internationally, convention and treaties
Hope hurdles for tree growing is removed and eco-friendly wood use for furniture / buildings increase, carbon sink.
Thanking you
RPG Representation CITES India MA & SA Aug 2018Ganesan RP
I have represented to CITES India, to make efforts to remove Red Sanders from CITES Appendix II. BSI Kolkatta is now conducting survey for NDF study. That can be extended for this also, as IUCN has removed Red Sanders from Endangered Category and listed in Near Threatened.
Hope MoEFCC, ADGF WL ie CITES MA and BSI Kolkatta ie CITES SA will act upon it and ensure all hurdles are removed for dry land farmers Red Sanders wood.
Endangered Tree Species of India - Conservation - Confusions - Status and Sol...Ganesan RP
Endangered tree species recovery in India faces challenges due to lack of clear definitions, mandates, and policies. There is no central authority responsible for overseeing endangered species recovery, surveys are not conducted, and recovery plans are not made. This leads to confusion and hinders conservation efforts. Standardizing key terms and delineating responsibilities among ministries could help strengthen protections for endangered trees.
Red Sanders Facts Presented to NBA 10.10.2016Ganesan RP
Red Sanders tree, Pterocarpus Santalinus, is a dry land tree grows without irrigation, used as medicine species, & others, world wide demand, but mistakenly classified as endangered, misunderstood and curtailed.
Red sanders Actions Required by Govt of IndiaGanesan RP
Red sanders trees is a dry land tree, drought tolerant grow in hot climate. Its heartwood used for medicinal and many more purposes. It is highly demanded globally & valuable.. Unfortunately it is classified as Endangered without objective study, allowed to remain the same by MoEFCC. Hope this detailed presentation will remove all the hurdles and lapses once for all
Red sanders action required by Govt of India and It's progressGanesan RP
The document discusses the recommendations from an expert committee report on Red Sanders wood by the National Biodiversity Authority of India. Key points:
1) The report recommends a separate export policy for Red Sanders wood grown on farmland versus in forests, to promote cultivation by farmers and legal export.
2) It suggests various actions like advertising to promote cultivation, establishing a national institute, and designating existing institutes as CITES authorities to facilitate cultivation and export.
3) The complex export procedures currently in place compel smuggling of Red Sanders, so the report recommends simplifying procedures.
Red Sanders Policy issues after BSI NDF report, Feb 2020Ganesan RP
The NDF report is with fundamental lapses. The purpose of NDF study is say whether Red sanders wood lot applied for export is Detrimental to it's population or not.
Requested them multiple times, to recommend removal of CITES quantity restriction for FARMERS Red Sanders wood or at least to fix at 10000 MTS / year
Whereas BSI has recommended to harvest from planted forest and export, in spite of the fact that already around 12000 MTs are lying with state forest dept.
They did not estimate demand, they do no conservation, they do know the hardships of tree growing farmers.
SAD, confusing, unclear Misleading Report
Representation to India's Members of Parliament on Hurdles for Tree growingGanesan RP
The noble deed, tree growing is most harassed with policy lapses, old colonial rules & procedures of Forest dept. The fundamental lapses are, applying laws meant for forest protection on farmers and applying conservation issues on farmers without doing it in forest by forest dept.
It is nobodies intention to harass tree growing farmers, but it has happened.
So, representing to all Honorable Members of Parliament of India.
My representation also to UNEP / UNCCD / UNFCC etc because failure in distinguishing farmers trees from forest creates problem internationally, convention and treaties
Hope hurdles for tree growing is removed and eco-friendly wood use for furniture / buildings increase, carbon sink.
Thanking you
RPG Representation CITES India MA & SA Aug 2018Ganesan RP
I have represented to CITES India, to make efforts to remove Red Sanders from CITES Appendix II. BSI Kolkatta is now conducting survey for NDF study. That can be extended for this also, as IUCN has removed Red Sanders from Endangered Category and listed in Near Threatened.
Hope MoEFCC, ADGF WL ie CITES MA and BSI Kolkatta ie CITES SA will act upon it and ensure all hurdles are removed for dry land farmers Red Sanders wood.
Timber Board Under Agriculture is a Wholistic SolutionGanesan RP
All say grow trees. They are right, even though they may not know the full benefit. And many know wood is eco-friendly. They are right even though they may not know the indirect benefits like wood use will reduce mining, which is good for environment.
But only grower experience the harassment of forest dept and know the policy hurdles.
Tree growing is a challenge which we are ready to face. Bad part is policy hurdles.
I feel, the colonial foot print of forest laws & procedures meant to protect forest is been applied on farmers also. It is not only hurting tree growing in India but feel, may be hurting tree growing in many countries.
So I request UN, UNEP, UNFCC, UNCCD, FAO, IUCN, CITES all study and remove such hurdles for tree growing in all the countries and promote eco-friendly wood instead of metal / plastics.
Objective Policies, Laws & Guidelines that will reduce litigation by RP Ganes...Ganesan RP
Many laws, conventions, treaties to protect environment and mitigate damages, but none could achieve expected results. One of the reason, i found is that the laws and rules are very much subjective, which very difficult to follow, implement that leads to corruption, court cases, project delays etc.
So, objective laws will not only reduce litigation but also will improve the ENVIRONMENT
Policy issues on Red Sanders wood export Jan 2019Ganesan RP
There were some good developments last year. Red Sanders was removed from Endangered category and CITES notification 2018 /031 clearly specified that All wood species / specimen from cultivated source is allowed for export / International trade.
And Botanical survey of India completed NDF, Non Detrimental Study for Red sanders.
Now, MoEFCC has to clearly recommend separate policy for farmer's Red Sanders wood for export without any conditions and restrictions.
Hoping for a good policy within this year
Red sanders Action reqd on Committee Report and 20 years of lapseGanesan RP
Red sanders is a dry land tree, grows in degraded gravel soil without water in 20-45 deg C, 750 mm Rain fall, 40-65 % humidity. Withstands FIRE, regenerates after cutting ( coppice property) . But classified as endangered by IUCN, due to simple understanding of endangered criteria by MoEFCC. VERY SAD. Tree gives medicine, spices, good musical instrument, not an Opium but restricted due to that lapse.
Planning to submit the above presentation. Would like t have valuable comments, to make it better.
RPG Representation to DGFT for favorable Export Policy for Farmers Red Sander...Ganesan RP
Red Sanders wood is used for medicine, dye, spices, furniture etc across the globe. But it is restricted for export by GOI. The global need met through smuggling. Tree Growing farmers are struggling due to bad policy. So, Requesting GOI to create a separate policy for Farmer's Red Sanderss Wood.
BSI Red Sanders NDF Report with RP Ganesan commentsGanesan RP
The purpose of NDF report is to recommend whether a lot of Red Sanders applied for Export is Detrimental to it's population in the wild
It should be done whenever there is an application for export, in a short period, referring with base details. However, MoEFCC / BSI / IFGTB is doing once in 5-6 years, TOOK 2 Years to submit.
Farmers Red Sanders wood do not require detailed NDF study, only identification is required, not mentioned this clearly.
BSI yet to understand IUCN criteria for threatened species. It says Red sanders should not been down-listed to Near Threatened from Endangered, purely a ignorance / EGOISTIC statement. Snow leopard was removed from Endangered category, as it's population was found more than 2500, with difficult assessment . Whereas Red Sanders populations in wild / naturalized wild is around 8 million And IUCN classification did not deter them do more conservative work
BSI do not have clear idea about recouping threatened species. Basically the population should be increased by new plantation in forest area, conserve it, naturalize it, in multiple locations to increase the EOO / AOO / No of mature individual / reduce risk of reduction in population in it's rotation cycle etc..
Recommendations are not specific and giving recommendation without knowing its populations in FARMERS land is VERY BAD, USELESS, MISLEADING. SORRY
BSI NDF report with my comments is uploaded.
Will add a presentation on this shortly
Comments for Forest Conservation Act Amendment Oct 2021Ganesan RP
Tree growing is still harassed in India with old colonial laws. Good that govt is bring changes in FCA to remove the hurdles.
My comments for FCA amendment
Farmer perspective on Farm boundary trees Her Med Per PedGanesan RP
India can become 40 % green, if hurdles for tree growing is removed. I am doing my best for the same.
Tree growing at farm boundaries is much more challenging than growing in plantation.
Happy to note that Director general of ICAR and other officials are aware of difficulties of tree growing farmers.
I have put forth farmers perspective to best of my knowledge
Consolidated List of RP Ganesan's Grievances and StatusGanesan RP
Good, Digital grievances to change policy lapses - Digital ERA
GOI made grievance portal well, could write the grievances and rate based on our satisfaction. I could create a separate export policy for FARMERS Red Sanders wood, 18th Feb 2019. Believe me, I never visited any office. It would have costed crores earlier, meeting many MPs / Ministers / associations etc.
This policy has created a confidence among farmers that all other hurdles for tree growing also will go. Last year alone a MILLION more Red Sanders got planted.
Struggling to remove hurdles for all tree species growing in FARMERS land, which will benefit farmers and others, as farmers will come out of water consuming crops like sugar. Trees will bring more rain, means more fresh water and clean air.
A Timber Development Board under Min of Agriculture and Farmer's Welfare is the solution.
Suggest, a team of people shall take up such issue, find the root cause of problem, collect proofs, find solution and writing to Govt will change the country / world.
Digital era, all is accessible, bureaucrats can no longer dictate policies.
With a vision to make India 40 % Green.
Thanking you all
Shri Modiji, Do not Say Grow Trees, Till you Remove Hurdles for itGanesan RP
Tree growing is harassed in India. The laws, procedures created to protect the forest is applied on farm land trees, in the same manner. So, it is a discouraging factor. Due to harassment farmers do not prefer to grow trees, continue with water consuming Sugarcane, Coconut etc. Water Scarcity. Deep bore wells, Ground water goes down. Energy waste. Soil Dries up. DESERTIFICATION. Then all say grow Trees, without changing the policy
- The document discusses concerns with India's environmental performance and the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process. It notes that India ranks poorly on environmental indexes and that lapses by the Ministry of Environment have reduced confidence.
- Reforms are needed for the EIA process, including providing clear guidance on endangered species, compliance reporting, and qualifications for EIA consultants. Compensatory planting ratios should be specified based on species vulnerability.
- Overall the EIA process needs simplification, transparency, timebound decisions, and compensation for affected people while balancing development and environmental protection. Reforming the EIA is one part of improving India's environmental governance.
Timber Development Board of India Required under MoAFW, Ministry of Agricul...Ganesan RP
Agriculture country India, with huge arable land, of which 60% dry can be used for tree growing effectively. It will reduce ground water exploitation, reduce air pollution, will sink carbon and help to achieve the 2015 Paris climate change IND commitment.
Farmer Representation for PIL, WP C 976 of 2014, in Hon'ble SCIGanesan RP
Farmers are struggling with policy hurdles for export of dry land tree, Red Sanders wood. Whereas M/s Common Cause, an NGO has filled a writ petition against export of Red Sanders wood, without knowing the all the facts. It is unfortunate.
The sad part is, a good Sr Advocate, Mr. Prasant Bhusan is appearing for the case. He is known for fighting against corruption, deprived , environment etc.
So, I have represented to both of them, via email to revise the petition to facilitate FARMER'S Red Sanders wood WITHOUT any restrictions.
Hoping for the best.
RPG Representation to CITES Plants committee members before PC meet july 2018Ganesan RP
IUCN removed Red sanders tree from endangered category and classified it as Near Threatened on 5th July 2018. Understood CITES Plants committee meet is going to happen in 16 to 26 July 2018. So, put some important points and sent it to all plants committee members
Comments on CITES 2018 / 048 notification by RP Ganesan indiaGanesan RP
CITES is trying to resolve ambiguities and inconsistencies in trade in specimens Flora and Fauna of NOT OF WILD SOURCE. As a stack holder, a threatened species grower, sent my comments to them. They also acknowledged
This document provides a draft of India's revised National Forest Policy of 2018. Some key points:
- It recognizes the need to update the 1988 policy to address new issues like climate change, urban forestry, and participatory management.
- The overall goal is ensuring ecological and livelihood security through sustainable forest management to provide ecosystem services.
- Objectives include conservation, rehabilitation, improving livelihoods, contributing to climate targets, and increasing forest cover.
- Strategies outlined include sustainable management of natural and plantation forests, protecting biodiversity, strengthening community forestry, and promoting agroforestry and urban greens.
To High Level Task Force Agri reforms 2019Ganesan RP
Shri Modiji has started reforms in military, finance, international relationship etc and made a remarkable progress. Now, he has started for agri also, a complex one. It needs support of state govt also. Let's hope for the best
I put forth my views to the High level committee headed by Honorable Chief Minister of Maharastra and others
Thanking you
They are many international treaties to save our environment, spices, biodiversity etc but very poorly understood. Such poor understanding creates hurdles which is indirectly acting against environment. One such thing is NDF study of species for CITES. India signed CITES in 1978 but still there is no claarity
Find my views on NDF study on ROSEWOOD ( Dalbergia latifolia) by BSI, Kolkata
This document discusses biodiversity and the environment. It defines biodiversity as the variability among living organisms, including diversity within and between species and ecosystems. It then discusses the different types of biodiversity like genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. Some key facts provided include that there are 5-100 million species on Earth, India contains 12.53% of the world's biodiversity despite only occupying 2.47% of the world's land area, and conservation measures like maintaining habitat integrity and controlling fires and overharvesting are important for preserving biodiversity.
Loss of Biodiversity: A matter of concern.pptx by Dr. Jigyasa RanaDrJigyasaRana
This presentation is made to know about the importace of biodiversity. Since biodiversity is the variety of life on earth . Biodiversity is used to describe the number, variety, variability of life form existing in ecosystem. By this presentation students will know importance of biodiversity in ecological stability, for that maintaining the balance of the ecosystem: Recycling and storage of nutrients is required.
Timber Board Under Agriculture is a Wholistic SolutionGanesan RP
All say grow trees. They are right, even though they may not know the full benefit. And many know wood is eco-friendly. They are right even though they may not know the indirect benefits like wood use will reduce mining, which is good for environment.
But only grower experience the harassment of forest dept and know the policy hurdles.
Tree growing is a challenge which we are ready to face. Bad part is policy hurdles.
I feel, the colonial foot print of forest laws & procedures meant to protect forest is been applied on farmers also. It is not only hurting tree growing in India but feel, may be hurting tree growing in many countries.
So I request UN, UNEP, UNFCC, UNCCD, FAO, IUCN, CITES all study and remove such hurdles for tree growing in all the countries and promote eco-friendly wood instead of metal / plastics.
Objective Policies, Laws & Guidelines that will reduce litigation by RP Ganes...Ganesan RP
Many laws, conventions, treaties to protect environment and mitigate damages, but none could achieve expected results. One of the reason, i found is that the laws and rules are very much subjective, which very difficult to follow, implement that leads to corruption, court cases, project delays etc.
So, objective laws will not only reduce litigation but also will improve the ENVIRONMENT
Policy issues on Red Sanders wood export Jan 2019Ganesan RP
There were some good developments last year. Red Sanders was removed from Endangered category and CITES notification 2018 /031 clearly specified that All wood species / specimen from cultivated source is allowed for export / International trade.
And Botanical survey of India completed NDF, Non Detrimental Study for Red sanders.
Now, MoEFCC has to clearly recommend separate policy for farmer's Red Sanders wood for export without any conditions and restrictions.
Hoping for a good policy within this year
Red sanders Action reqd on Committee Report and 20 years of lapseGanesan RP
Red sanders is a dry land tree, grows in degraded gravel soil without water in 20-45 deg C, 750 mm Rain fall, 40-65 % humidity. Withstands FIRE, regenerates after cutting ( coppice property) . But classified as endangered by IUCN, due to simple understanding of endangered criteria by MoEFCC. VERY SAD. Tree gives medicine, spices, good musical instrument, not an Opium but restricted due to that lapse.
Planning to submit the above presentation. Would like t have valuable comments, to make it better.
RPG Representation to DGFT for favorable Export Policy for Farmers Red Sander...Ganesan RP
Red Sanders wood is used for medicine, dye, spices, furniture etc across the globe. But it is restricted for export by GOI. The global need met through smuggling. Tree Growing farmers are struggling due to bad policy. So, Requesting GOI to create a separate policy for Farmer's Red Sanderss Wood.
BSI Red Sanders NDF Report with RP Ganesan commentsGanesan RP
The purpose of NDF report is to recommend whether a lot of Red Sanders applied for Export is Detrimental to it's population in the wild
It should be done whenever there is an application for export, in a short period, referring with base details. However, MoEFCC / BSI / IFGTB is doing once in 5-6 years, TOOK 2 Years to submit.
Farmers Red Sanders wood do not require detailed NDF study, only identification is required, not mentioned this clearly.
BSI yet to understand IUCN criteria for threatened species. It says Red sanders should not been down-listed to Near Threatened from Endangered, purely a ignorance / EGOISTIC statement. Snow leopard was removed from Endangered category, as it's population was found more than 2500, with difficult assessment . Whereas Red Sanders populations in wild / naturalized wild is around 8 million And IUCN classification did not deter them do more conservative work
BSI do not have clear idea about recouping threatened species. Basically the population should be increased by new plantation in forest area, conserve it, naturalize it, in multiple locations to increase the EOO / AOO / No of mature individual / reduce risk of reduction in population in it's rotation cycle etc..
Recommendations are not specific and giving recommendation without knowing its populations in FARMERS land is VERY BAD, USELESS, MISLEADING. SORRY
BSI NDF report with my comments is uploaded.
Will add a presentation on this shortly
Comments for Forest Conservation Act Amendment Oct 2021Ganesan RP
Tree growing is still harassed in India with old colonial laws. Good that govt is bring changes in FCA to remove the hurdles.
My comments for FCA amendment
Farmer perspective on Farm boundary trees Her Med Per PedGanesan RP
India can become 40 % green, if hurdles for tree growing is removed. I am doing my best for the same.
Tree growing at farm boundaries is much more challenging than growing in plantation.
Happy to note that Director general of ICAR and other officials are aware of difficulties of tree growing farmers.
I have put forth farmers perspective to best of my knowledge
Consolidated List of RP Ganesan's Grievances and StatusGanesan RP
Good, Digital grievances to change policy lapses - Digital ERA
GOI made grievance portal well, could write the grievances and rate based on our satisfaction. I could create a separate export policy for FARMERS Red Sanders wood, 18th Feb 2019. Believe me, I never visited any office. It would have costed crores earlier, meeting many MPs / Ministers / associations etc.
This policy has created a confidence among farmers that all other hurdles for tree growing also will go. Last year alone a MILLION more Red Sanders got planted.
Struggling to remove hurdles for all tree species growing in FARMERS land, which will benefit farmers and others, as farmers will come out of water consuming crops like sugar. Trees will bring more rain, means more fresh water and clean air.
A Timber Development Board under Min of Agriculture and Farmer's Welfare is the solution.
Suggest, a team of people shall take up such issue, find the root cause of problem, collect proofs, find solution and writing to Govt will change the country / world.
Digital era, all is accessible, bureaucrats can no longer dictate policies.
With a vision to make India 40 % Green.
Thanking you all
Shri Modiji, Do not Say Grow Trees, Till you Remove Hurdles for itGanesan RP
Tree growing is harassed in India. The laws, procedures created to protect the forest is applied on farm land trees, in the same manner. So, it is a discouraging factor. Due to harassment farmers do not prefer to grow trees, continue with water consuming Sugarcane, Coconut etc. Water Scarcity. Deep bore wells, Ground water goes down. Energy waste. Soil Dries up. DESERTIFICATION. Then all say grow Trees, without changing the policy
- The document discusses concerns with India's environmental performance and the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process. It notes that India ranks poorly on environmental indexes and that lapses by the Ministry of Environment have reduced confidence.
- Reforms are needed for the EIA process, including providing clear guidance on endangered species, compliance reporting, and qualifications for EIA consultants. Compensatory planting ratios should be specified based on species vulnerability.
- Overall the EIA process needs simplification, transparency, timebound decisions, and compensation for affected people while balancing development and environmental protection. Reforming the EIA is one part of improving India's environmental governance.
Timber Development Board of India Required under MoAFW, Ministry of Agricul...Ganesan RP
Agriculture country India, with huge arable land, of which 60% dry can be used for tree growing effectively. It will reduce ground water exploitation, reduce air pollution, will sink carbon and help to achieve the 2015 Paris climate change IND commitment.
Farmer Representation for PIL, WP C 976 of 2014, in Hon'ble SCIGanesan RP
Farmers are struggling with policy hurdles for export of dry land tree, Red Sanders wood. Whereas M/s Common Cause, an NGO has filled a writ petition against export of Red Sanders wood, without knowing the all the facts. It is unfortunate.
The sad part is, a good Sr Advocate, Mr. Prasant Bhusan is appearing for the case. He is known for fighting against corruption, deprived , environment etc.
So, I have represented to both of them, via email to revise the petition to facilitate FARMER'S Red Sanders wood WITHOUT any restrictions.
Hoping for the best.
RPG Representation to CITES Plants committee members before PC meet july 2018Ganesan RP
IUCN removed Red sanders tree from endangered category and classified it as Near Threatened on 5th July 2018. Understood CITES Plants committee meet is going to happen in 16 to 26 July 2018. So, put some important points and sent it to all plants committee members
Comments on CITES 2018 / 048 notification by RP Ganesan indiaGanesan RP
CITES is trying to resolve ambiguities and inconsistencies in trade in specimens Flora and Fauna of NOT OF WILD SOURCE. As a stack holder, a threatened species grower, sent my comments to them. They also acknowledged
This document provides a draft of India's revised National Forest Policy of 2018. Some key points:
- It recognizes the need to update the 1988 policy to address new issues like climate change, urban forestry, and participatory management.
- The overall goal is ensuring ecological and livelihood security through sustainable forest management to provide ecosystem services.
- Objectives include conservation, rehabilitation, improving livelihoods, contributing to climate targets, and increasing forest cover.
- Strategies outlined include sustainable management of natural and plantation forests, protecting biodiversity, strengthening community forestry, and promoting agroforestry and urban greens.
To High Level Task Force Agri reforms 2019Ganesan RP
Shri Modiji has started reforms in military, finance, international relationship etc and made a remarkable progress. Now, he has started for agri also, a complex one. It needs support of state govt also. Let's hope for the best
I put forth my views to the High level committee headed by Honorable Chief Minister of Maharastra and others
Thanking you
They are many international treaties to save our environment, spices, biodiversity etc but very poorly understood. Such poor understanding creates hurdles which is indirectly acting against environment. One such thing is NDF study of species for CITES. India signed CITES in 1978 but still there is no claarity
Find my views on NDF study on ROSEWOOD ( Dalbergia latifolia) by BSI, Kolkata
This document discusses biodiversity and the environment. It defines biodiversity as the variability among living organisms, including diversity within and between species and ecosystems. It then discusses the different types of biodiversity like genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. Some key facts provided include that there are 5-100 million species on Earth, India contains 12.53% of the world's biodiversity despite only occupying 2.47% of the world's land area, and conservation measures like maintaining habitat integrity and controlling fires and overharvesting are important for preserving biodiversity.
Loss of Biodiversity: A matter of concern.pptx by Dr. Jigyasa RanaDrJigyasaRana
This presentation is made to know about the importace of biodiversity. Since biodiversity is the variety of life on earth . Biodiversity is used to describe the number, variety, variability of life form existing in ecosystem. By this presentation students will know importance of biodiversity in ecological stability, for that maintaining the balance of the ecosystem: Recycling and storage of nutrients is required.
1) The document discusses reclamation of degraded lands through afforestation programs at three industrial sites - Jharia coalfields, Tata Steel plant, and Hindalco's bauxite residue ponds.
2) At Jharia coalfields, site-specific tree species were carefully selected and planted based on soil conditions with good results, providing a low-cost model.
3) At Tata Steel, leguminous trees transformed slag dumps into green areas and improved soil nutrients over 12 years.
4) Hindalco's program involved soil amendments, bacterial inoculation, and selected tree and grass species, with monitoring showing improved soil properties and natural vegetation regrowth over four years.
pterocarpus santalinus (RED SANDERS) THE ENDANGERED TREEsamwilliams597170
santalinus, commonly known as Red Sandalwood, is a native and endemic to India and can only be found in the southern parts of the Eastern Ghats. It is a small tree that grows to 5-8 meters in height and has a dark grayish bark.
India has a vast array of biological diversity, estimated at 1.6 million species, and is one of the richest countries in terms of species. However, many species are now endangered or vulnerable due to habitat loss from factors like agriculture, development projects, mining, overexploitation, and pollution. While conservation efforts include protected areas like national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, as well as laws banning hunting of protected species, continued conservation action is needed to protect India's biodiversity.
Country presentation joint taskforce meeting - sierra leoneAfRIGA
Sierra Leone is a tropical country located in West Africa with a population of nearly 5 million people, over 2/3 of whom are involved in agriculture. The climate is characterized by wet and dry seasons with high temperatures year-round. Major rice growing ecologies include uplands, inland valleys, mangroves, bolilands, and riverine grasslands. The National Rice Development Strategy aims to increase productivity, production, and processing/marketing of rice. Current research activities at SLARI focus on varietal screening, integrated pest management, and improving yields across ecologies. Mechanization potential exists but past schemes have faced challenges including inadequate support services and trained operators. Reducing post-harvest losses through improved technologies could
Icfre mangement issues in sal & teak forests 24.11.2014RavindraSaksena
This document summarizes a presentation on management issues in Sal and Teak forests. It discusses the current status and distribution of Sal and Teak forests across different Indian states. It identifies issues such as lack of regeneration, over-reliance on coppicing, reduced growing stock, and invasive species as threats to the longevity of Sal and Teak forests. The document also discusses the impacts of climate change, mining activities, and infrastructure projects on India's forests and proposes techniques for assisted regeneration, reclamation planning, and tree transplantation to help conserve forest resources.
The document discusses natural vegetation and wildlife in India. It begins by noting India's high level of biodiversity, with millions of plant and animal species. It then defines key terms like virgin vegetation and mega-biodiversity, noting that India is one of 12 mega-diverse countries. The document outlines the major factors influencing vegetation - relief, climate, and soil conditions. It describes the different vegetation zones in India like tropical rainforests, deciduous forests, and mangrove forests. Statistics are provided on forest cover and density in India. The document concludes by noting India's rich wildlife, though many species are endangered due to threats like habitat loss.
1) An endangered species is a group of animals, plants, or other organisms that is at high risk of extinction due to factors such as hunting, habitat loss, climate change, and pollution.
2) Many medicinal plants in India have become endangered due to overcollection for domestic and international markets. The IUCN added 44 Indian medicinal plants to its Red List in 2015, with 18 classified as vulnerable, 16 as endangered, and 10 as critically endangered.
3) Key reasons for threats to these medicinal plants include habitat loss and degradation, illegal trade, overexploitation, overgrazing, human settlements, and climate disasters. Conservation efforts are needed like sustainable collection practices, habitat management, and monitoring populations
Polar bears are threatened by climate change-induced loss of summer sea ice. Their populations have declined, and they could be extinct in the wild by 2100. Current extinction rates are 100-1000 times higher than historical background rates, and are projected to increase to 10,000 times background rates by 2100 due to human activities. Protecting habitats, establishing protected areas, regulating trade and take of threatened species, and addressing climate change can help reduce extinction rates.
The document summarizes an integrated farming adaptation strategy for small farmers in the Sundarbans coastal region of India. The strategy involves diversifying crops and livestock, constructing water management structures like ponds and canals, and closely integrating different subsystems like aquaculture, orchards, and cattle to make the farms more resilient to environmental stresses. Case studies show this approach has helped extend growing seasons, increase incomes, recycle nutrients, and reduce farmers' dependence on single crops or external inputs. However, watershed-level interventions and government support are also needed to address challenges like salinity intrusion and protect indigenous species.
This document discusses different types of land management including farmlands, rangelands, forests, and protected areas. Farmlands are threatened by urban development, while rangelands face overgrazing issues if herd sizes are not properly managed. Forests provide resources like timber but harvesting methods like clearcutting can damage the environment. Protected areas conserve biodiversity and resources but face threats from overuse. Proper land management techniques aim to sustainably support agriculture, limit environmental degradation, and balance resource use with conservation.
Here are the key points I would make in managing the Daintree Rainforest area in a sustainable way:
- Strict limits must be placed on further development and population growth to protect the biodiversity and ecosystems of the rainforest. Its conservation must be the top priority.
- Tourism can continue but must be carefully regulated to minimize environmental impacts. Visitor numbers may need to be capped and more activities redirected away from sensitive areas.
- Education of locals and tourists about the uniqueness and fragility of the rainforest is important to gain support for conservation. Proper waste disposal and respect for the environment should be encouraged.
- The livelihoods of indigenous groups and local communities depend on sustainably managing the forest's resources.
The document discusses forest and wildlife resources in India. It notes that India has high biodiversity with over 81,000 fauna species and 47,000 flora species. Many species are endangered due to habitat loss from activities like agricultural expansion, development projects, and mining. The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 established protected areas and banned hunting of endangered species. However, depletion of resources affects local communities and cultural diversity. Conservation efforts include protected forests, national parks, and involvement of local communities in conservation.
It is a practice of growing profitable crops without irrigation in an area which recieves an annual rainfall of 500mm or even less. OR
Gowing of crop entirely under rainfed conditions is known as dryland agriculture.
India ranks first among rainfed agricultural countries of the world regarding both extent and value of produce.
The 128 distt. In india have been recognized as dryland farming areas where as, 74 distt. are recognized as drought– prone districts.
In India, severe drought is experienced once in 50 years, partial drought once in 5 years and floods are expected every year in one and another part of country
Opportunities and constraints in pastoral and agro-pastoral livestock systems...ILRI
Presented by Azaiez Ouled Belgacem, Mounir Louhaichi and Isabelle Baltenweck at the Euro Tier Middle East 2019 Conference, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2-4 September 2019
The documents discuss the need to manage resources sustainably. Resources include natural resources like forests and water as well as human-made resources. Forests and water are essential but being depleted through deforestation and mismanagement. Sustainable management aims to ensure resources can be used indefinitely without harming the environment or future generations. Stakeholders in forest management include local communities, government, industries and conservationists. Individuals can help by conserving water, electricity and promoting sustainable use of fossil fuels to reduce pollution and climate change impacts. Proper management of natural resources is needed to balance human and environmental needs.
This document summarizes forest and wildlife biology in India. It discusses that India has high biological diversity, but 10% of flora and 20% of mammals are threatened. Species are classified as normal, endangered, vulnerable, rare, endemic, or extinct. The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 established national parks and sanctuaries to protect habitats. However, over-exploitation, fires, hunting, habitat destruction, pollution, and poaching have led to a decline in biodiversity. Forests are categorized as reserved, protected, or unclassed based on conservation importance.
This document provides information on forest and wildlife resources in India. It discusses biodiversity in India, the vast variety of flora and fauna, and how humans are interdependent with ecological systems. However, many species are now endangered or critical due to factors like colonial rule, agricultural expansion, mining, hunting, and habitat destruction. Conservation efforts aim to preserve ecosystems and genetic diversity through laws and protected areas like wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, and biosphere reserves. Specific conservation programs have aimed to protect threatened species like tigers, rhinos, elephants, and others.
Affects of Tobacco Cultivation on BiodiversityCarmyn de Jonge
The document discusses a research project investigating the impacts of tobacco cultivation on biodiversity. Random sampling was conducted at tobacco field locations in different areas using 1m x 1m quadrants. Insects and other species within the quadrants were identified and counted. The results found varying levels of biodiversity across locations, with some areas showing high numbers of pollinator species like bees and butterflies near water sources and vegetation, while other dry, exposed areas showed lower diversity. The analysis indicates that tobacco cultivation can both positively and negatively impact local ecosystems, depending on how it alters the environment and habitat. Maintaining surrounding vegetation and irrigation is important for supporting biodiversity.
Similar to Red sanders is not an Endangered Species. Representation to IUCN by RP Ganesan (20)
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
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Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
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In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
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Increasing urbanization, rural–urban migration, rising standards of living, and rapid development associated with population growth have resulted in increased solid waste generation by industrial, domestic and other activities in Nairobi City. It has been noted in other contexts too that increasing population, changing consumption patterns, economic development, changing income, urbanization and industrialization all contribute to the increased generation of waste.
With the increasing urban population in Kenya, which is estimated to be growing at a rate higher than that of the country’s general population, waste generation and management is already a major challenge. The industrialization and urbanization process in the country, dominated by one major city – Nairobi, which has around four times the population of the next largest urban centre (Mombasa) – has witnessed an exponential increase in the generation of solid waste. It is projected that by 2030, about 50 per cent of the Kenyan population will be urban.
Aim:
A healthy, safe, secure and sustainable solid waste management system fit for a world – class city.
Improve and protect the public health of Nairobi residents and visitors.
Ecological health, diversity and productivity and maximize resource recovery through the participatory approach.
Goals:
Build awareness and capacity for source separation as essential components of sustainable waste management.
Build new environmentally sound infrastructure and systems for safe disposal of residual waste and replacing current dumpsites which should be commissioned.
Current solid waste management situation:
The status.
Solid waste generation rate is at 2240 tones / day
collection efficiently is at about 50%.
Actors i.e. city authorities, CBO’s , private firms and self-disposal
Current SWM Situation in Nairobi City:
Solid waste generation – collection – dumping
Good Practices:
• Separation – recycling – marketing.
• Open dumpsite dandora dump site through public education on source separation of waste, of which the situation can be reversed.
• Nairobi is one of the C40 cities in this respect , various actors in the solid waste management space have adopted a variety of technologies to reduce short lived climate pollutants including source separation , recycling , marketing of the recycled products.
• Through the network, it should expect to benefit from expertise of the different actors in the network in terms of applicable technologies and practices in reducing the short-lived climate pollutants.
Good practices:
Despite the dismal collection of solid waste in Nairobi city, there are practices and activities of informal actors (CBOs, CBO-SACCOs and yard shop operators) and other formal industrial actors on solid waste collection, recycling and waste reduction.
Practices and activities of these actor groups are viewed as innovations with the potential to change the way solid waste is handled.
CHALLENGES:
• Resource Allocation.
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
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Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...
Red sanders is not an Endangered Species. Representation to IUCN by RP Ganesan
1. Red Sanders Tree
(Pterocarpus Santalinus)
Not at all an EndangErEd SpEciES
But, Classified as Endangered by Oversight
May become Extinct
If not properly assessed / Reclassified
2. Thank IUCN / Global Tree Campaign
for taking Red Sanders Tree for assessment
• Red Sanders tree is one of the best option for dry land
farmers of south India, who hold small areas.
• Many farmers are interested to grow – water scarcity
• But classification of this as an Endangered Species
created lot of hurdles.
• Actually it is not an Endangered species as per IUCN
criteria Ver 3.1 2001
• In the Root cause analysis, we understood the lapses,
as explained here
So, Request IUCN look into the facts before publishing
3. IUCN - Red Sanders Tree (RDS) in the Past
• IUCN classified RDS as EN B1+2de ver. 2.3 1998
• EN, Endangered
• B1, Extend of Occurrence < 5000 sq Km
• B2, Area of Occupancy <500 sq Km
• de, No of location < 5 places
– Ver. 2.3, version 2.3, 1998, year of classification
• There was no objective assessment, classified based
on oral / subjective feedback in a meet.
• There was lack of clarity among Indian participants
as the concept was new to them
4. IUCN – Red Sanders in Past contd..
• But, there was lack of objective understanding
• The fact is, still there is no clarity in India
• There is no comprehensive survey till now
• For CITES NDF 2011 study also, comprehensive
population survey was not conducted
Red Sanders tree not endangered. There would
had been 25 million in number, more than 100
locations, area of extend and area of occurrence
were also more.
None of the condition would have classified
Red Sander Tree as Endangered.
5. Some basic Misconception
in understanding IUCN & it’s Criteria
• Endangered is confused with Endemic
• Endemic is one of the criteria of Endangered
• IUCN clearly specifies with objective method
for Endemic (Area of Occurrence & Extent)
• IUCN clearly specifies all other criteria for
Endangered with clear Illustration, in Ver.3.1
IUCN and Botanical Survey of India Kolkatta
/ IFGTB Coimbatore needs more Interaction
6. IUCN criteria Ver.3.1, 2001 (current)
S.No Code Criteria Condition RDS, Actual / Facts
1 A2 Population Reduction > 50% RDS Coppice, So no such
chance
2 B1 Extend of Occurrence <5000 sq km More in AP / TN itself
AOO Area of Occurrence < 500 sq km Much More, RTI reply
NOL No of location < 5 More than 100 locations
3 C No of Mature species <2500 >20 Million in Forest, > 10
million in farm lands
Population reduction
In 5 years
20 % Grows again (Coppice)
So, no Chance
4 D No of Mature species < 250 > 30 Million in Total
5 E Probability of
Extinction in Wild
> 20% Coppice property, no chance
7. Proof for Population
• For Forest Population, Refer IWST (Institute of
Wood Science & Technology, Bangalore)
http://iwst.icfre.gov.in/database/Redsanders/treeimpr
ovement/plantation.htm
• Total area of Red Sanders = around 220000 ha
• Spacing is 10 ft in general, comes to 1000 /ha,
considering mortality, take it as 500 / ha
• So total population would be around 22 million
8. Red Sanders Population in farmland
• No body knows exactly
• From the nursery level survey, every year
around half a million saplings are sold
• From tree growers meet, it was estimated
that there would be around 10 million
Enough is there in cultivation to meet the need.
Farmers are ready to plant more, to meet any demand,
including for furniture uses .
Need of the hour
Removal of hurdles from IUCN / CITES / GOI
9. CIRCA –SITUM
A conservation method
• A proven method of conservation of species by
growing it in farmers field to meet the need /
demand
• If the demand is not met from legal source, then
illegal activity will endanger it
• There is rare proof, where demand is not met
legally and trade ban saved a species.
Conservation of Endangered animal may be difficult,
needs suitable habitat but not this kind of dry land Tree.
Note: 60% arable lands of India are dry
10. Red Sanders, a case study, farmers field
Soil
Gravel, Fallow
Dry and Red
Sloppy
20-45 deg C
750 mm Rain
30-60 % humidity
Mango &
Tamarind failed
RS Grew well
11. Red sanders, case study contd.
In 12 Years
It has grown well
in the rocky land
High WUE
Water Use Efficiency
No irrigation
Only Rain
No chemical Fertilizer
No chemical PesticideInspired by many
12. Red Sanders is best for
Silvopastoral Model
• RDS + Sheep
• Sheep doesn’t eat
RDS from 1st year
• Improves soil
• Trees grow well
• Fire risk reduced
• Annual income for
protection exp
See Photo:
In-situ RWH
13. Symbiotic with many other native
species, including wild animals
• Grows with
– Albizia Lebbek
– Neem / Sandal
– Shrubs / Grass
• Grass for 10 years
– IF 6x6 spacing
• Grass for 15 years
– If 8x8 spacing
• Also, birds, animals
14. EIA of Red Sanders Tree
• No ground water use
• WUE is high
• No pesticide / Fert.
• Soil improves
• 1000 T CO2 Sink/ acre
• Improves habitats
• Income
– Rs 2 crores/acre/25 yrs
Degraded Dry Land
Zero damage
15. Red Sanders is a Good Habitat
• Not like Eucalyptus
• Now RS farm has
Termites / Bees
Peacock / Fowl
Wolf / Iguana
Rabbit / Snakes
Python visited once
and Sheep grazes
Tamarind (Photo) did not give much fruit due to dry land,
Drought resistant, but no fruit !! Forest dept gave it in 1980
16. Climate Adaption
Red Sanders / Teak are alternative to Coconut
Today’s condition
Ground water below1000ft
Dry soil
Normal rain - not enough
Erratic rain
Coconut dries
RS an alternative for gravel
soil / no water
Teak / Mango for
fertile soil / little water
Sad, Indian dry land farmers are growing coconut and
struggle, as there are hurdles for timber tree growing
17. So,
Wrong Classification makes,
Hurdles for easily growable, dry land species
dry lands usage unviable, desertification,
these essential plants become high value,
becoming smuggling items
then finally extinct . . . .
in the end
We starve for
Cool Climate, Good Air and Water
cry and say “Climate Changing”
18. Red Sanders will not become Endangered
Because, Grows after cut (Coppice)
• RDS regenerates after cutting
• Actually maturity of
regenerated tree is faster
• It is confirmed by Sub
Committee report by IFGTB
– Refer Photo cards of
subcommittee report
– Fig 3, Field Memories
– Very good natural
regeneration Ammoor
19. Red Sanders will not become Endangered
Because, Withstood the worst drought
that occurred after 146 years, 2017
April 2017 15 days after Rain
Mango, Eucalyptus died
RDS, Neem, Sandal, A. Lebbek survived
20. Believe me - Survived Fire !!!
Little damages, some sprouted new
Some stem damaged, but growing
Fire, 2014 Now, in 2015
21. Red Sanders - Other factors
• No major diseases or pest attacks reported.
• We have not seen any in 20 years of our cultivation,
as monocrop (25 hectares) also.
• Millions of ha is barren and dry in south India, which
is suitable for Red Sanders
• More is becoming dry due to depletion of ground
water, which has touched 1000 ft below the ground
Many areas are becoming desert like in condition
(No grass for 6 months)
Many farmers eagerly waiting for removal of
hurdles, as I update in slideshare
22. Red sanders will not become
EndangErEd
Unless our Policy does it !!!
Else, It may Exist even after Mankind
It needs comprehensive assessment,
understanding the objectives and criteria of
IUCN clearly.
Objective is to SAVE all Species.
Not to make it extinct with wrong
Assessments.
23. Hard Truth
• Nobody assessed it last 20 years, in spite of the
fact that it was classified without an assessment
• IFGTB did NDF study in 2011 for CiTES
• But, they considered Red sanders population
of AP Forest only, not TN etc & Farm lands
• Their 7th recommendation is to include all &
harvestable stock in future.
• Now, BSI (Botanical Survey of India, Kolkatta)
is planning to conduct NDF study.
• Need IUCN & BSI Interaction
24. Honourable Supreme Court of India
• Honourable Supreme court of India gave a
Judgment in 2013, vide IA no 100 of WP Civil
337 of 1995 with IA no 3452 of WP Civil 202
of 1995
“Ministry of Environment and Forest with
IUCN should conduct periodic reviews of flora
and fauna species status and correlate the same ”
Need to Plan for Revival, Not Conservation alone
25. An Endangered Species
Reclassified as Vulnerable
In 2017,
Snow Leopard (Panthera Uncia)
was reclassified as Vulnerable C1 Ver 3.1
from Endangered , as they found more
than 2500 nos as per 2016-11-08
assessment
26. • As the Population is more than 20 million in
forest (10 million in farm lands), coppice
nature, no major pest attack or disease
reported, spread across south India in more
than 220000 ha, farmers are ready to grow,
there is no major threat for population
reduction (except by policy hurdles due to
lapses in classification and procedures}
Requesting IUCN to remove
Red Sanders Tree from Endangered Species List
It may not be even VULNERABLE (VU)
27. Red Sanders Tree in General
(Pterocarpus santalinus)
• Endemic to India
• Medicinally, Scientifically, Ornamentally very
Important & Essential Tree
• Valued very similarly as Sandal wood.
• Best tree to grow in dry degraded land, which is
increasing in India due to temp. rise & low soil
moisture.
• IUCN classified as Endangered species, EN B1+2de
ver 2.3 in 1998, in a camp, without objective survey
• CITES- added in Appendix II
28. Red sanders, benefits the World
• Europe / US uses it as Food dye / spices.
• As Immunity medicine in China
• China / Japan uses it in Atomic power plants
• Japan uses it for bride’s Musical instrument,
Shamisen.
• China uses it for Furniture – a status symbol.
• India uses it in Ayurvedic medicine.
• Used in Dye Sensitized Solar panels, efficient than
photovoltaic cell (conventional solar panel).
• US makes medicine for Cancer & other diseases
29. Red Sanders, Growing
• Grows in
– Degraded, Gravel Red soil and
– In Hot & Dry Climate
• Without
– Irrigation & Fertilizer
• Not to be grown in fertile Soil
• Should not be Irrigated, after 4th year
– (If irrigated, will not have its special properties)
Hence, will not disturb food production security
30. A solution to Climate Change
• India has got more dry lands
• Only some trees grow in it, a few economically
viable, only selected are essential for the world.
• Will reduce temperature, increase air / soil humidity,
which will help other crops / human / animal.
• Will improve rain & rainwater percolation. Most
important as Fresh water is becoming Scarce.
• Forest area can not be increased, we need to use only
dry farm lands to improve the Tree cover
Will be major contributor Tree Cover / Climate Change
31. A survival for Indian dry land farmer
• One of very few viable trees for dry land farmer.
• Unviable small holding of dry lands will become
profitable by growing this tree, less urbanization
• Will avert farmers suicide.
• Facilitates sheep grazing, an annual income.
• Felling gets a good amount. Meets long term needs
like education, housing, marriage, medical etc.
• Farmers also will become rich & respected.
Traditional / organic Farming will continue to exist
32. Red Sanders, a case study
• My land then in 2005 - Rocky, Dry & Sloppy with
Red soil
• Even Mango & Tamarind tress failed to sustain.
33. Red sanders, case study contd.
It has grown well in my rocky land
Without any irrigation. Fertilizer production:
sheep grazing and its poo.
34. Difficulties of Red Sanders Tree growers
• Many farmers are growing in Tamilnadu, Andra
Pradesh, Telangana in India, also few in other states.
• Taking a risk of long term gestation.
• Without much guidance / financial support.
• Buyers / dealers say policy restrictions.
• Policy restriction increases smuggling & prices.
• Farmers neither could run around for permission to
harvest nor protect himself, being a small land
holding( 1- 10 acres).
So, farmer’s life is in danger from smugglers
35. Difficulties of Red Sanders -Tree Growers
• DGFT prohibits wood export, even from propagated
source, being classified as Endangered
• Certificate of Origin is confused with Genetic
Identification (GI)
• Hope Certificate of origin is to know the place of
felling (Forest or Farm land)
• Latest proofs like Geo tagged photo yet to be accepted
• Customs departments denial, even for value added
products.
So, dealers say they do not deal with it now a days
36. Red Sanders Tree - Status
• US has got 47 patents using Red sanders, Japan 14,
Korea 10, Australia, Canada …
• Due to endangered status CITES added it inn
appendices II, hence export is prohibited by DGFT .
• So, smuggling has increased –hence more black
marketing, unwanted activity & social disturbance
• Became highly difficult to protect this tree in
forests.
• Lots of policy hurdles, more than 25 killed and
5000 arrested.
So, Nowadays, Forest dept. also do not plant it
37. Red sanders tree - status, contd..,
• Export data shows 5000 MT p.a. till 1990s.
• Nil., after CITES added it in Appendices II.
• CITES export quota of 310 MT from propagated
source also is not utilized due to cumbersome
procedures and permissions.
• International demands met purely by smuggling.
So, Classification as Endangered discouraged
plantation, facilitates smuggling and leads to
extinction
Right Assessment and Guidelines are important
38. Another Case study
Sandal Tree, Santalum Album
• Long time back Indian govt. said, Sandal is property of
Govt. wherever it was found, including farmer’s land
• Farmers harassed, if found missing from their land
• So, they removed naturally sprouted trees from their
lands, still removing , another dry land species
• Supply is reduced, demand more, became valuable
• Became smugglers item, there was big smuggler-hero,
special police forces & Inter state political issues
• Theft from Forest Office also, now CR, almost extinct
Sandal tree can make world smell Good
39. Sad, one more dry land tree
may be added to Appendix II from Appendix III
in CoP17, Johannesburg
African Rosewood
(Pterocarpus Erinaceus)
40. Needs International Understanding
• Some words have different meaning or definition in
other countries, creates problem in understanding
as per law.
• UNEP – Ensure No harassment for tree growing
• FAO – In the process of defining “Forest”, Need
to define “Treeculture”, Compensatory Forest ,
Conservation Forest, Urban Forest, Lake Forest
41. UNEP
• Main objective is to improve environment.
• Good public transportation, organic foods,
sustainable buildings, solar energy will reduce
environmental damages.
• Trees are the core to increase water-cycle,
ground water & soil moisture, quality of air,
carbon sequestration & to improve soil, habitat
for animal etc.
But Tree growers are harassed
Right Policy / Guidelines are essential than Funds
42. UNEP
• UNEP shall co-ordinate to avoid over production
of water consuming Sugar, Coconut, Rice etc
• Shall promote restoration of deserted lands with
suitable trees / shrubs.
• Environmental damaging steel / metal / plastics
shall be green taxed, no tax for wood products.
• Easy trade of Farm land woods & wooden
products shall be facilitated.
• Biodiversity authorities shall be given
responsibility of revival of endangered species.
43. UNEP shall insist Countries to have
Farm Land Tree Development Ministry
• Will facilitate in removing the hurdles in policy.
• Will make use of most of barren / deserted lands.
• Will facilitate research to suit local need / condition.
• Helps Farmers to get long term income.
• Helps to Green 33% which cleans the Globe.
• Helps to meet carbon sink targets.
• An economic activity, aligned with nature.
• No pollution but improves environment.
Now Steel / Plastic industries are more facilitated
44. IUCN
• Objective to save all the naturally evolved species.
• Along with assessment, It shall workout
REVIVAL PLAN, not conservation alone
• In every five years there shall be One Level UP
(EX – EW- CR – EN- VU-NT- LC)
• Separate revival plan for animal & plants..
• Ensure potential, high demand tree is not
hampered for cultivation in any manner
Dry land trees Revival is easiest,
as more lands are becoming dry due to climate change
45. CITES
• Clearly differentiate Forest species and Farmland
(Propagated species)
• Facilitating procedures for propagated (cultivated)
source to meet the needs & demands.
• Be strict on Forest source, even for confiscated.
Govts discourage farmers wood to get money from
confiscated wood export.
• Dissemination of e-toolkit / online approval for
hassle free, monitoring and analysis
• Special incentives for dry land endangered species
Allow trade only after revival of one step or more
( ex CR to EN / EN to VU )
46. Need Clear Definition & Distinguishing
• Define “Forest” . Public land, Wilderness, with
natural habitats.
• Define “Conservation Forest” Public land, Planted
Trees with Threatened species.
• Define “Treeculture”. Private lands, Meant to
meet the demand, facilitated, shall be under
Agriculture Depts.
• Define “Forest of Importance” Public land, shall
be declared as “No-Go” area, to maintain natural
wilderness, to avoid any kind of disturbance.
47. Need to study
• Water use efficiency (WUE), water use Yield (WUY)
and water use income (WUI), studied for all the trees
/ crops for every region.
– Ref: Australia’s Irrigation Insights :5, National program
on Sustainable Irrigation, too good
• Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) like water
depletion, soil degradation, air pollution, pesticide
contamination , animal population etc. for different
crops shall be conducted for better usage.
48. Protect Forest / Endangered species
• Declare many “No-Go” areas, to avoid any
kind disturbance for wild species
• Reduce plantation / monocrop in forest
• Create more Urban Forest, grow using
urban waste water
• Compensate 3 times of deforested area with
endemic / endangered species
• Forest no-more for Production, only for
Conservation (India Forest Policy 1988)
49. But, Facilitate Treeculture
• Distinguish Farmland trees (Treeculture) and
Forest in all respects.
• Suggest separate Policies & Procedures for it.
• Make it simple, “Farmers can Grow any
tree, Cut Anytime, Sell / Export legally,
whenever they wish”.
• Permissions thru single window system,
Farmers are ignorant or unable to run around
as they are located remotely.
50. Facilitating Treeculture
• Certificate of Origin, shall be provided by private
organization like FSC and GPS photos.
• Impose Green tax on Metal, to facilitate more use of
Ecofriendly wood , which sinks carbon.
• Suggest, Incentives for their environmental service for
tree growing either by Govt. or Intl. orgs.
• More Research & Products development shall be
done & transferred to industries / farmers for Value
addition, Medicines & Export
51. A Revival Plan for Endangered Tree Species
• Compensatory Forest shall have endangered species
• Convert Exotic species in public / govt. lands to
endemic & endangered species.
• Incentive for threatened species growers
• Honor them on Biodiversity day in local level, one
from a country - internationally.
– Today 22nd May 2018, we added 5 species in our park
If a country has > 33% green cover
Allow them to fell aged endangered trees from planted
forest, with a condition to compensate 5 times and 5
years before export.
52. So, IUCN’s, Reclassification of
Red Sanders Tree as Least Concern
• Will be a starting point for removal of hurdles
• I will be able to inspire my fellow farmers to grow
Red sanders in degraded dry lands, which is
abundant in Tamil nadu first, then southern states
of India
It is easy to inspire Indian Farmers, once economic
returns are proved without policy hurdles
Revive Threatened Species
Not Conservation alone
53. We can make Red Sanders Populous
• Will achieve plantation of Red sanders in
10,000 hectares in 5-7 years.
• May be 20000 hectares in 10 years.
• Which will have >10 million added to it.
• Will make more products out of it.
• Then, It will not be a smuggler’s item.
Wild Population Undisturbed
Let us set an example by making
An Endangered species a populous one
54. Myself, Ganesan RP
An engineer turned tree-farmer, growing more than
25000 of this Red Sanders tree in dry degraded lands,
without water & fertilizer, in dry zone 20-45 deg C,
750 mm rainfall, with sheep and natural habitats,
simulating nature .
Now it is worth 2 million USD
Some farmers started following me
but many awaiting for clear Policy
Also refer my blog, World congress on Agro-forestry
http://wca2014.org/healthy-wealth-from-degraded-dry-
lands-with-trees/#.V7azfPl97IU
55. Ganesan RP
Brahmavanam
H 96, New ASTC Hudco,
Hosur – 635109 ganesanrp@gmail.com
Tamilnadu, India +91 9443415023
Prosper Harmoniously with Nature
Thanking you
56. Bibliography
I do not want to reproduce from other sources,
whatever I said is ground reality. Just for
confirmation I added some sources
• http://moef.nic.in/downloads/public-information/Chap-8-
new.pdf
• http://www.cites.org/common/com/pc/17/X-PC17-Inf-
10.pdf
• http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/9403/1/N
PR%203(2)%2083-84.pdf