RSV is an important cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children, the elderly and in those with
underlying medical conditions. Although the high disease burden indicates an urgent need for a vaccine
against RSV, no licensed RSV vaccine is currently available. We developed an RSV vaccine candidate
based on the low-seroprevalent human adenovirus serotypes 26 and 35 (Ad26 and Ad35) encoding the
RSV fusion (F) gene. Single immunization of mice with either one of these vectors induced high titers of
RSV neutralizing antibodies and high levels of F specific interferon-gamma-producing T cells. A Th1-type
immune response was indicated by a high IgG2a/IgG1 ratio of RSV-specific antibodies, strong induction
of RSV-specific interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha cytokine producing CD8 Tcells, and
low RSV-specific CD4 T-cell induction. Both humoral and cellular responses were increased upon a boost
with RSV-F expressing heterologous adenovirus vector (Ad35 boost after Ad26 prime or vice versa). Both
single immunization and prime-boost immunization of cotton rats induced high and long-lasting RSV
neutralizing antibody titers and protective immunity against lung and nasal RSV A2 virus load up to at
least 30 weeks after immunization. Cotton rats were also completely protected against challenge with
a RSV B strain (B15/97) after heterologous prime-boost immunization. Lungs from vaccinated animals
showed minimal damage or inflammatory infiltrates post-challenge, in contrast to animals vaccinated
with formalin-inactivated virus. Our results suggest that recombinant human adenoviral Ad26 and Ad35
vectors encoding the RSV F gene have the potential to provide broad and durable protection against RSV
in humans, and appear safe to be investigated in infants.
Malaria, a protozoan parasitic disease caused by five species of Plasmodium i.e., P. vivax, P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale and P. knowlesi in humans. Nearly half of the world’s population, an estimated 3.3 billion people in 97 countries and territories are at risk of malaria infection and 1.2 billon are at high risk (> 1 case of malaria per 1000 population each year) [1]. According to world malaria report 2014, 198 million cases of malaria occurred globally in 2013 (uncertainty range 124-283 million) and the disease led to 584,000 deaths
(uncertainty range 367,000-755,000) [1]. Among five species of Plasmodium, the most dangerous P. falciparum malaria remains the commonest cause of under-five mortality in several countries [2].
Dr. X.J. Meng - Designing PRRSV Vaccines for Heterologous ProtectionJohn Blue
Designing PRRSV Vaccines for Heterologous Protection - Dr. X.J. Meng, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, from the 2015 North American PRRS Symposium, December 4 - 5, 2015, Chicago, IL, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2015-north-american-prrs-symposium
Dr. Hanchun Yang - Pathogenesis and control of Chinese highly pathogenic Porc...John Blue
Pathogenesis and control of Chinese highly pathogenic Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome (PRRSV) - Dr. Hanchun Yang, China Agricultural University, from the 2016 North American PRRS Symposium, December 3‐4, 2016, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-north-american-prrs-symposium
Detection of dengue viruses using RT-LAMPRahul Gupta
This is the research paper which i have been choosen for presentation "Detection of Dengue viruses using RT-LAMP", it is a technique use for early detection of Dengue virus.
Candidia Species Commonly (Opportunistic human Pathogens)
C.albicans
C.glabata
C.guilliermandii
C.krusei
C.lusitaniae
C.parapsilosis
C.tropicalis
Candiia Species Uncommonly: 18 species
mRNA rather than DNA may become the nucleotide framework for new classes of drugs and vaccines. Exciting preclinical results in prophylaxis and initial clinical data in oncology suggest that mRNA technology could be translated into improvements in lung cancer and other diseases.
Coronaviruses belong to the subfamily of Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae, in the order Nidovirales. They are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry.
This presentation is about the relevance of vaccine as a public health tool against vaccine preventable diseases and the need to accelerate the development of vaccines against malaria and other diseases of global health importance in developing countries such as Nigeria.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Watch the slideshow for a better understanding: https://youtu.be/frmGwCEtDnM
1. Learn how mRNA vaccines work.
2. Learn challenges in making HIV vaccines.
3. Learn about the advantage of mRNA vaccines in HIV
4. Learn about trials.
A presentation on dengue virus structure, how the virus attacks and spreads in the body, role of heterocyclic drugs in inhibiting the virus and our experiments on the subject.
Malaria, a protozoan parasitic disease caused by five species of Plasmodium i.e., P. vivax, P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale and P. knowlesi in humans. Nearly half of the world’s population, an estimated 3.3 billion people in 97 countries and territories are at risk of malaria infection and 1.2 billon are at high risk (> 1 case of malaria per 1000 population each year) [1]. According to world malaria report 2014, 198 million cases of malaria occurred globally in 2013 (uncertainty range 124-283 million) and the disease led to 584,000 deaths
(uncertainty range 367,000-755,000) [1]. Among five species of Plasmodium, the most dangerous P. falciparum malaria remains the commonest cause of under-five mortality in several countries [2].
Dr. X.J. Meng - Designing PRRSV Vaccines for Heterologous ProtectionJohn Blue
Designing PRRSV Vaccines for Heterologous Protection - Dr. X.J. Meng, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, from the 2015 North American PRRS Symposium, December 4 - 5, 2015, Chicago, IL, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2015-north-american-prrs-symposium
Dr. Hanchun Yang - Pathogenesis and control of Chinese highly pathogenic Porc...John Blue
Pathogenesis and control of Chinese highly pathogenic Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome (PRRSV) - Dr. Hanchun Yang, China Agricultural University, from the 2016 North American PRRS Symposium, December 3‐4, 2016, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-north-american-prrs-symposium
Detection of dengue viruses using RT-LAMPRahul Gupta
This is the research paper which i have been choosen for presentation "Detection of Dengue viruses using RT-LAMP", it is a technique use for early detection of Dengue virus.
Candidia Species Commonly (Opportunistic human Pathogens)
C.albicans
C.glabata
C.guilliermandii
C.krusei
C.lusitaniae
C.parapsilosis
C.tropicalis
Candiia Species Uncommonly: 18 species
mRNA rather than DNA may become the nucleotide framework for new classes of drugs and vaccines. Exciting preclinical results in prophylaxis and initial clinical data in oncology suggest that mRNA technology could be translated into improvements in lung cancer and other diseases.
Coronaviruses belong to the subfamily of Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae, in the order Nidovirales. They are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry.
This presentation is about the relevance of vaccine as a public health tool against vaccine preventable diseases and the need to accelerate the development of vaccines against malaria and other diseases of global health importance in developing countries such as Nigeria.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Watch the slideshow for a better understanding: https://youtu.be/frmGwCEtDnM
1. Learn how mRNA vaccines work.
2. Learn challenges in making HIV vaccines.
3. Learn about the advantage of mRNA vaccines in HIV
4. Learn about trials.
A presentation on dengue virus structure, how the virus attacks and spreads in the body, role of heterocyclic drugs in inhibiting the virus and our experiments on the subject.
An example of critical analysis of a Scientific Article.
Article Analysis. Scientific skills.
COVID-19 Chadox1 Vaccination.
Clinical trial in Rhesus macaque monkeys.
Corona-virus vaccine research paper analysis.
A PRESENTATION DESCRIPS RESPERATORY INFECTIONS CAUSED BY RSV AND PATHOGENESIS , DIAGNOSIS , TREATMENT, VACCINATION,STRUCTRUE AND LIFE CYCLE OF THIS VIRUS
SIV Viral Variation; Implications for Vaccines and Transmission - Mars Stone PhDMars Stone
SIV Viral Variation; Implications for Vaccines and Transmission
PART 1 Viral diversity at mucosal transmission
-determine if vaginal SIV inoculation of rhesus macaques
recapitulates HIV-1 variant transmission
PART 2 Viral diversity in vaccine setting
-Characterize the replication levels and anatomic distribution of vaccine (SHIV 89.6) and challenge (SIVmac239) virus in monkeys prior to and after challenge.
-Characterize evolution of SIV env population complexity of SIV DNA in PBMC of SHIV immunized and control animals
The Paramyxoviridae is a family of single-stranded RNA viruses known to cause different types of infections in vertebrates. Examples of these infections in humans include the measles virus, mumps virus, parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
Similar to Recombinant low-seroprevalent adenoviral vectors Ad26 and Ad35 (20)
Engineering of a Microscale Niche for Pancreatic Tumor Cells Using Bioactive ...Arun kumar
Two-photon polymerization has recently emerged as a promising technique to fabricate scaffolds for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture and tissue engineering. Here, we combined 3D-printed microscale scaffolds fabricated using two-photon polymerization with a bioactive layer-by-layer film coating. This bioactive coating consists of hyaluronic acid and poly(l-lysine) of controlled stiffness, loaded with fibronectin and bone morphogenic proteins 2 and 4 (BMP2 and BMP4) as matrix-bound proteins. Planar films were prepared using a liquid handling robot directly in 96-well plates to perform high-content studies of cellular processes, especially cell adhesion, proliferation, and BMP-induced signaling. The behaviors of two human pancreatic cell lines PANC1 (immortalized) and PAN092 (patient-derived cell line) were systematically compared and revealed important context-specific cell responses, notably in response to film stiffness and matrix-bound BMPs (bBMPs). Fibronectin significantly increased cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation for both cell types on soft and stiff films; BMP2 increased cell adhesion and inhibited proliferation of PANC1 cells and PAN092 on soft films. BMP4 enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation of PANC1 and showed a bipolar effect on PAN092. Importantly, PANC1 exhibited a strong dose-dependent BMP response, notably for bBMP2, while PAN092 was insensitive to BMPs. Finally, we proved that it is possible to combine a microscale 3D Ormocomp scaffold fabricated using the two-photon polymerization technique with the bioactive film coating to form a microscale tumor tissue and mimic the early stages of metastatic cancer.
wo-photon polymerization has recently emerged as a promising technique to fabricate scaffolds for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture and tissue engineering. Here, we combined 3D-printed microscale scaffolds fabricated using two-photon polymerization with a bioactive layer-by-layer film coating. This bioactive coating consists of hyaluronic acid and poly(l-lysine) of controlled stiffness, loaded with fibronectin and bone morphogenic proteins 2 and 4 (BMP2 and BMP4) as matrix-bound proteins. Planar films were prepared using a liquid handling robot directly in 96-well plates to perform high-content studies of cellular processes, especially cell adhesion, proliferation, and BMP-induced signaling. The behaviors of two human pancreatic cell lines PANC1 (immortalized) and PAN092 (patient-derived cell line) were systematically compared and revealed important context-specific cell responses, notably in response to film stiffness and matrix-bound BMPs (bBMPs). Fibronectin significantly increased cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation for both cell types on soft and stiff films; BMP2 increased cell adhesion and inhibited proliferation of PANC1 cells and PAN092 on soft films. BMP4 enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation of PANC1 and showed a bipolar effect on PAN092. Importantly, PANC1 exhibited a strong dose-dependent BMP response, notably for bBMP2, while PAN092 was insensitive to BMPs. Finally, we proved that it is possible to combine a microscale 3D Ormocomp scaffold fabricated using the two-photon polymerization technique with the bioactive film coating to form a microscale tumor tissue and mimic the early stages of metastatic cancer.
3D collagen fibrillar microstructure guides pancreatic cancer cell phenotype ...Arun kumar
Pancreatic cancer, one of the deadliest cancers, is characterized by high rates of metastasis
and intense desmoplasia, both of which are associated with changes in fibrillar type I collagen
composition and microstructure. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), a critical
step of metastasis, also involves a change in extracellular matrix (ECM) context as cells
detach from basement membrane (BM) and engage interstitial matrix (IM). The objective of
this work was to develop and apply an in-vitro three-dimensional (3D) tumor-ECM model to
define how ECM composition and biophysical properties modulate pancreatic cancer EMT.
Three established pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) lines were embedded within
3D matrices prepared with type I collagen Oligomer (IM) at various fibril densities to control
matrix stiffness or Oligomer and Matrigel combined at various ratios while maintaining constant
matrix stiffness
A protamine-conjugated gold decorated graphene oxide composite as an electroc...Arun kumar
In this study, an effective electrochemical sensor was developed for heparin detection using a protamineconjugated
graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite. Protamine is an antidote that can act as an affinity ligand
for heparin. The GO was used as support for signal amplification, and Au nanoparticles (NPs) were employed
to immobilize the protamine. This Au NPs also increasing the electron transfer rate and enhancing the signal response
during protamine-heparin integration. The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a
low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10−7 M to 1.5 × 10−9 M), high stability, and high selectivity
in the detection of heparin.
3D tumor spheroid models for in vitro therapeutic screening: a systematic app...Arun kumar
The potential of a spheroid tumor model composed of cells in different proliferative and metabolic
states for the development of new anticancer strategies has been amply demonstrated. However, there
is little or no information in the literature on the problems of reproducibility of data originating from
experiments using 3D models. Our analyses, carried out using a novel open source software capable of
performing an automatic image analysis of 3D tumor colonies, showed that a number of morphology
parameters affect the response of large spheroids to treatment. In particular, we found that both
spheroid volume and shape may be a source of variability. We also compared some commercially
available viability assays specifically designed for 3D models. In conclusion, our data indicate the need
for a pre-selection of tumor spheroids of homogeneous volume and shape to reduce data variability to
a minimum before use in a cytotoxicity test. In addition, we identified and validated a cytotoxicity test
capable of providing meaningful data on the damage induced in large tumor spheroids of up to diameter
in 650 μm by different kinds of treatments.
Covalent Triazine Polymer–Fe3O4 Nanocomposite for Strontium Ion Removal from ...Arun kumar
A microporous covalent triazine polymer (CTP) is synthesized via a Friedel–Crafts reaction and used as a solid support to immobilize magnetite Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that approximately 60 wt % Fe3O4 is loaded onto the composite, and transmission electron microscopy analysis illustrates that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles are uniformly impregnated into the CTP surface. The CTP–Fe3O4 nanocomposite is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of strontium ion (Sr2+) from seawater. Response surface methodology, employed to optimize the removal of Sr2+, confirms that the optimal conditions for this removal are 0.55 mg, pH 7, 40 °C, and 250 min. The experimental results illustrate that the adsorption process fits well with the Freundlich isotherm, with a correlation coefficient of 0.976 and a maximum adsorption capacity of 128 mg g–1. The kinetic study demonstrates that the adsorption behavior follows pseudo-second-order kinetics. The adsorbent is easily recovered from seawater using an external magnetic field, thereby offering facile and economic separation of the adsorbent.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
Recombinant low-seroprevalent adenoviral vectors Ad26 and Ad35
1. Immunology -based Vaccine 2
Electron micrograph of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Roberto Garofalo, M.D.,
Presented by
Arunkumar Rengaraj
Nanobio Analysis Lab
Inha university
2. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Mild,cold-like symptoms in adults and older healthy children.
It can be more serious in young babies, especially those in certain high-risk groups.
Seroprevalent
Seroprevalence is the number of persons in a population who test positive for a specific disease based on
serology (blood serum)
Adenoviruses
Largest nonenveloped viruses
Double-stranded (ds) DNA that is between 26 and 48 Kbp
This can infect the membranes (tissue linings) of the respiratory tract, eyes, intestines, and urinary tract.
3. Viral vector
Viruses have evolved specialized molecular mechanisms to efficiently transport their genomes inside the cells they infect.
Delivery of genes by a virus is termed transduction and the infected cells are described as transduced
Safety
Low toxicity
Stability
Cell type specificity
Identification
Cotton rats are an important animal model to study infectious diseases because of
their unique susceptibility towards human pathogens.
4. RSV F-protein
Fusion (F) glycoprotein is anchored in the virion membrane in a metastable, pretriggered form
Once triggered, the F protein undergoes a dramatic conformational extension
inserts its hydrophobic fusion peptide into the target cell membrane,
then folds back on itself to bring the membranes together and initiate fusion.
7. Abstract
Low-seroprevalent human adenovirus serotypes 26 and 35 (ad26 and ad35) encoding the RSV fusion (F) gene.
Single immunization of mice - one of these vectors induced high titers of RSV - neutralizing antibodies and high levels of F specific interferon-gamma-
producing T cells.
A Th1-type immune response was indicated by a high IgG2a/IgG1 ratio of RSV-specific antibodies, strong induction of RSV-specific interferon-gamma and
tumor necrosis factor-alpha cytokine producing CD8 Tcells, and low RSV-specific CD4 T-cell induction.
Both humoral and cellular responses were increased upon a boost with RSV-F expressing heterologous adenovirus vector.
Both single immunization and prime-boost immunization of cotton rats induced high and long-lasting RSV neutralizing antibody titers and protective
immunity against lung and nasal RSV A2 virus load up to at least 30 weeks after immunization.
Cotton rats were also completely protected against challenge with a RSV B strain (B15/97) after heterologous prime-boost immunization.
Lungs from vaccinated animals showed minimal damage or inflammatory infiltrates post-challenge, in contrast to animals vaccinated with formalin-
inactivated virus.
8. Ad26 and Ad35 have shown acceptable safety and tolerability profiles in multiple Phase 1 and 2a clinical trials as vaccine vectors for different target
diseases.[1,2]
Ad35 vaccine vectors showed good safety and tolerability profiles when tested in infants up to doses of 1 × 1011 vp [3]
Why this Vector?
9. T lymphocytes are a major source of cytokines.
These cells bear antigen specific receptors on their cell surface to allow recognition of foreign pathogens.
They can also recognise normal tissue during episodes of autoimmune diseases.
There are two main subsets of T lymphocytes, distinguished by the presence of cell surface molecules known as CD4 and CD8. T lymphocytes
expressing CD4 are also known as helper T cells, and these are regarded as being the most prolific cytokine producers.
This subset can be further subdivided into Th1 and Th2, and the cytokines they produce are known as Th1-type cytokines and Th2-type cytokines.
Christie Brough. Biology 307: Immunology. Dr. S. Sarafova. Davidson College. May 4, 2007
10. Characterization of RSV-specific cellular immune responses
substantial CD8T cell immune responses, and a moderate CD4T cell response.
These data collectively indicate that adenovirus vectors Ad26.RSV.F and
Ad35.RSV.F induce a Th1 type response.
15. Virus neutralizing capacity against a wide panel of RSV strains
Fig. 4. Virus neutralizing capacity against a wide panel of RSV strains. Day 49 sera from cotton rats
immunized with Ad26.RSV.F or Ad35.RSV.F (107 vp, n = 5) were used in a virus neutralization assay
with the RSV strains A2, Long, B Wash and clinical isolates RSV 07 -041911, RSV 05-036549, RSV
CL57, RSV CL25, RSV 423, and RSV CL19, RSV B15/97. Sera from animals infected at day 0 i.n.
with 104 pfu of RSV A2 served as control. Palivizumab (Synagis® (MedImmune LCC)) at
concentration of 1.1 g/mL was used in the assay as control reagent. Results are expressed as mean titer
per group with standard deviation. The lower limit of quantification (LLoQ) is set on 4.5 (log2), and
indicated with a dotted line.
16. Discussion
In BALB/c mice, both Ad26.RSV.F and Ad35.RSV.F immunization induced high levels of RSV neutralizing activity in serum, a pronounced IgG2a antibody
subclass response, substantial CD8T cell immune responses, and a moderate CD4T cell response. These data collectively indicate that adenovirus vectors
Ad26.RSV.F and Ad35.RSV.F induce a Th1 type response.
Single dose administration, either i.n. or i.m., of Ad26.RSV.F or Ad35.RSV.F (109 vp) provided complete protection against RSV challenge load in cotton rats.
In BALB/c mice and cotton rats that were immunized with the Ad5 vector, reduction of viral load in the lungs to levels below detection levels
Heterologous prime-boost (Ad26.RSV.F prime-Ad35.RSV.F boost) immunization was the most potent.
Furthermore, there was no evidence of enhanced pulmonary pathology when vaccination was followed by RSV challenge in cotton rats even at sub-optimal
immunization regimens that allowed breakthrough infection
17. Reference
[1] Barouch DH, Kik SV, Weverling GJ, Dilan R, King SL, Maxfield LF, et al. International seroepidemiology of adenovirus serotypes 5, 26, 35, and 48 in pediatric and adult populations.
Vaccine 2011;29(32):5203–9.
[2] Creech CB, Dekker CL, Ho D, Phillips S, Mackey S, Murray-Krezan C, et al. Randomized: placebo-controlled trial to assess the safety and immunogenicity of an adenovirus type 35-based
circumsporozoite malaria vaccine in healthy adults. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013;9(12):2548–57.
[3] Ouedraogo A, Tiono AB, Kargougou D, Yaro JB, Ouedraogo E, Kabore Y. A phase 1b randomized, controlled, double-blinded dosage-escalation trial to evaluate the safety, reactogenicity and
immunogenicity of an adenovirus type 35 based circumsporozoite malaria vaccine in Burkinabe healthy adults 18 to 45 years of age. PLoS One 2013;8(11):e78679