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Summary of Sites on Roy Hill Station
August 2016
Acknowledgments
AusPlots gratefully acknowledges the staff from Pilbara Corridors, particularly Ian Cotton and staff from the
Department of Parks and Wildlife (WA) (DPaW), in particular, Dr Stephen van-Leeuwen, Nigel Wessels and Mike
Hisslop for their help and support of the project. Thanks also to Roy Hill Station for allowing access to the property.
Thanks also to volunteers Lodovica Maretti, Elliot Bland and Dean Richards who assisted with field work and the
many other volunteers who have helped with data curation and sample processing
Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Accessing the Data............................................................................................................................................... 3
Point intercept data .................................................................................................................................... 3
Plant collections.......................................................................................................................................... 3
Leaf tissue samples...................................................................................................................................... 3
Site description information........................................................................................................................ 3
Structural summary..................................................................................................................................... 3
Leaf Area Index ........................................................................................................................................... 3
Basal area.................................................................................................................................................... 3
Soil classification ......................................................................................................................................... 4
Soil meta barcoding samples....................................................................................................................... 4
Soil bulk density .......................................................................................................................................... 4
3D Photo Panorama .................................................................................................................................... 4
Regional Context.................................................................................................................................................. 6
Potential Uses for AusPlots Data from Roy Hill..................................................................................................... 8
For more information .......................................................................................................................................... 8
Appencides.......................................................................................................................................................... 9
Appendix 1. Summary of AusPlots data and samples from Roy Hill.......................................................................... 9
Appendix 2. Co-location with existing plots............................................................................................................ 10
Appendix 3. Plot locations ..................................................................................................................................... 11
Appendix 4. Point intercept data ........................................................................................................................... 12
Appendix 5. Substrate and growth form ................................................................................................................ 13
Appendix 6. Structural Summary............................................................................................................................ 14
Appendix 7. Soil Classification................................................................................................................................ 15
Appendix 8. Bulk density........................................................................................................................................ 15
Appendix 9. Plant collection................................................................................................................................... 16
1
Introduction
In August 2016, AusPlots, part of the Terrestrial Ecosystems Research Network (TERN), undertook surveys on Roy
Hill, Western Australia. The surveys involved vegetation and soils work following the AusPlots Rangelands
methodology, with 4 plots completed. The plots are part of over 580 plots completed nationally. Figure 1 shows the
national AusPlots plot network, and Figure 2 shows the locations of the plots on Roy Hill.
This report provides a snapshot of some of the data which was collected during the survey work. A more detailed
description of the methods used can be found online in our AusPlots Rangelands Survey Protocols Manual (White et
al. 2012), available from our website www.ausplots.org.
Figure 1. AusPlots plot network
LandSat Image used courtesy of the Commonwealth Department of the Environment
2
Figure 2. AusPlots Rangelands plot locations on Roy Hill
Topographic data copyright Geoscience Australia
3
Accessing the Data
All of the data the AusPlots collects is freely available online through the AEKOS data portal at www.aekos.org.au. It
can also be viewed on the Soils to Satellites website which contains a range of useful visualisations sourced from the
Atlas of Living Australia. At http://www.soils2satellites.org.au/.
Point intercept data
The point intercept method is a straightforward method that is readily repeatable and requires little instruction to
produce reliable plot information. It provides accurate benchmark data at each plot including substrate type and
cover; as well as species structural information such as growth form, height, cover and abundance and population
vertical structure. The demographic information produced at each plot can be compared spatially to indicate plot
differences, and temporally to indicate change over time. Additionally, the cover data collected at each plot can be
used to validate cover data extrapolated through remote sensing techniques.
Plant collections
Each species thatis found withinthe plot has a herbarium grade sample taken. These have all beenformally identified
by the WA herbarium. Much of the material is then lodged at the WA herbarium or at the Ausplots facility in Adelaide.
Leaf tissue samples
All of the above samples also have leaf tissue samples taken. This involves placing leaf samples from each species
into a cloth bag and drying them on silica desiccant. All of the dominant species have an extra 4 samples collected.
These samples are available for use on application to Ausplots facility in Adelaide. They are able to be used for genetic
analysis, Isotopic composition and range of other uses.
Site description information
Contextual information is also collected at each site. This includes measures of slope an aspect, surface strew and
lithology, and information on the grazing and fire history of the site. The sites location is also recorded with a
differential GPS and the plot corners and centres (with landholder permission) marked with a star picket.
Structural summary
Detailed structural summary information is also collected at each site. When combined with the height and cover
information from the point intercept data it enables the creation of structural description compatible with and NVIS
level 5 description.
Leaf Area Index
In plots where a mid and/or upper canopy is present a measure of Leaf Area is recorded. The tool used is an LAI-
2200 and it captures LAI measurements in a range of canopies using one or two sensors attached to a single data
logger (LI-COR 1990). The LAI data has a range of potential application such as studies of canopy growth, canopy
productivity, woodland vigour, canopy fuel load, air pollution deposition, modelling insect defoliation, remote
sensing, and the global carbon cycle.
Basal area
Basal area measurements are collected across plots where woody biomass is taller than 2m. Basal area
measurements provide information useful for calculating biomass and carbon levels and for structural studies. The
wedge aperture, the length of string – 50 cm (and hence the distance from the eye and subsequent angle from the
eye to the edges of the wedge aperture) and species count are all important in calculations. Algorithms developed
for use with the basal wedge include the above data to calculate plant basal area on a per hectare basis even though
species are counted outside the one hectare plot area. The method is plotless but used because it is based on the
4
concept of circles (trunks/basal area) within circles (circular plots) – the area of one varies proportionally to the
change in the area of the other. Use of the basal wedge may be superseded by further improvement of the 3D photo
point method and development of algorithms to provide information on vegetation community structure.
Soil classification
Soils descriptions i.e. information recorded, number of recordings and coverage of locations, are generally poor
across the rangelands region of Australia. The plot descriptions and soil characterisations collected will substantially
alleviate this paucity of information. The data collected can also be used to increase the reliability of the rangelands
component of the Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia, produced by the TERN facility consistent with the Global Soil
Map specifications. Analyses of the collected samples will greatly enhance the level of knowledge (e.g. nutrient and
carbon levels) and hence understanding of rangelands soils and how they will respond to climate change and
management options. It is hoped to eventually be able to analyse all 9 of the soil pits from within the plot using a
number of different methods e.g. wet chemistry, MIR or NIR (mid infrared spectrometry or near infrared
spectroscopy) either individually to provide a measure of variation of the parameter being measured across a plot
or bulked together and a sub-sample extracted and analysed to provide a mean value for that parameter across a
plot.
Soil meta barcoding samples
Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples. Soil metagenomics
provides the opportunity to understand what organisms are present at survey plots and provides an indication on
their abundance. The collection techniques result in a bias towards higher order organisms. All of the Ausplots Roy
Hill have soil meta barcoding samples collected.
Soil bulk density
The soil bulk density (BD), also known as dry bulk density, is the weight of dry soil divided by the total soil volume.
The total soil volume is the combined volume of solids and pores which may contain air or water, or both. The
average values of air, water and solid in soil are easily measured and are a useful indication of a soils physical
condition. Soil test results are most often presented either as a percentage of soil (e.g. % organic carbon) or as a
weight per unit of soil (e.g. nitrogen, mg/kg). As bulk density is a measure of soil weight in a given volume, it provides
a useful conversion from these units to an area basis unit (e.g. t/ha). The resulting number gives an easily
understandable idea of the carbon storage or nutritional status of the soil on an area basis.
3D Photo Panorama
AusPlots uses a three dimensional method for photographing the site. This involves taking three 360 degree
panoramas in a triangular pattern. This allows the creation of a 3D model of the vegetation within the site which
can be used to monitor change over time, track plot condition as well as providing a unique, fast measurement of
basal area and biomass. Photo panoramas for each of the plots are shown below.
5
WAAPIL0025
WAAPIL0027
WAAPIL0028
WAAPIL0029
6
Regional Context
Figure 3. Modelled 9s elevation
Data from: Xu and Hutchinson, 2011. ANUCLIM Version 6.1. Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University,
Australia.
Figure 4. Conservation and pastoral land use
CAPAD 2014 © Commonwealth of Australia
7
Figure 5. Mean annual temperature
Data from: Xu and Hutchinson, 2011. ANUCLIM Version 6.1. Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University,
Australia.
Figure 6. Mean annual Precipitation
Climate Data from: Xu and Hutchinson, 2011. ANUCLIM Version 6.1. Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National
University, Australia.
8
Potential Uses for AusPlots Data from Roy Hill
The AusPlots survey method was developed out of a dire need for consistent, national scale ecological data and
surveillance monitoring. As such, the data can be used in a range of ways both on Roy Hill but also to allow
comparisons across the continent. Currently, a range of researchers and land managers make use of the data and
samples. Some example applications that may be applicable within the region are listed below.
• Assessing vegetation change using the AusPlots methodology as both a baseline and a continued
surveillance monitoring tool.
• Detecting the impact of invasive species based on soil and vegetation data.
• Ground-truthing satellite derived vegetation and soil data
• Soil carbon analysis using the soil bulk density samples
• Mapping soil phosphorus, nitrogen and other nutrients using soil pit and subsite samples
• Assessing fuel loading using the basal area and leaf area data.
• Use of the leaf tissue samples for genetic and isotopic analysis.
For more information
More information on the AusPlots facility can be found on our website www.AusPlots.org
For more information regarding the survey work on Roy Hill and assistance downloading and utilising the data from
AEKOS and Soils2Satellites contact Emrys Leitch, AusPlots Field Survey Officer, emrys.leitch@adelaide.edu.au
For more information regarding the AusPlots facility, contact Ben Sparrow, AusPlots Director,
ben.sparrow@adelaide.edu.au
9
Appencides
Appendix 1. Summary of AusPlots data and samples from Roy Hill
AusPlots Data and Samples Count
Total Collections 181
Total Leaf Tissue Samples 277
Total number of soil samples 96
Total weight of soil (kg) 96
Number of sites with Bulk Density data 4
Number of Sites with LAI 3
Number of Sites with Basal wedge 3
Total metagenomic samples 36
Total metagenomic weight (kg) 18
10
Appendix 2. Co-location with existing plots
AusPlots works on a mix of both new plots (where this is little existing monitoring infrastructure) and co-location
with existing plots. Many of the plots on Roy Hill, are co-located with existing DPAW monitoring site. The table below
provides the name of the AusPlots site and the corresponding DPAW site
AusPlot name DPAW Plot name
WAAPIL0025 RHNE3
WAAPIL0027 RHNE04
WAAPIL0028 RHNE5
WAAPIL0029 RHNE06
11
Appendix 3. Plot locations
Plot Name Date Location latitude longitude
WAAPIL0025 02-Aug-16 119.708736 -22.708210 Roy Hill Station. South side of road, 25.4km west of junction on
Newman-Marble Bar road on Roy Hill-Munjina Road. 27.7km south
west of Roy Hill. 72.8km north of Newman.
WAAPIL0027 03-Aug-16 119.773978 -22.691567 Roy Hill Station. South side of road, 11m off road. 18.5km west of
junction on Newman-Marble Bar road on Roy Hill-Munjina road.
14.3km south west of Roy Hill. 74.8km north north east of Newman
WAAPIL0028 03-Aug-16 119.840089 -22.676556 Roy Hill Station. North side of Road. 11.5km west of junction on
Newman-Marble Bar Road on Roy Hill-Munjina road. 14.2km south
west of Roy Hill. 77.1km north north east of Newman.
WAAPIL0029 04-Aug-16 119.917748 -22.661971 Roy Hill Station. 3km west of junction on Newman-Munjina Road.
7.3km south south west of Roy Hill. 80.3km north north east of
Newman.
12
Appendix 4. Point intercept data
Plot name Herbarium ID Common name
Approx. %
cover
WA cons.
code
WAAPIL0025 Acacia aptaneura Slender Mulga 36.83
WAAPIL0025 Acacia tetragonophylla Kurara 8.12
WAAPIL0025 Sida sp. verrucose glands (F.H. Mollemans 2423) 7.82
WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus obovatus Cotton Bush 4.46
WAAPIL0027 Triodia longiceps Giant Grey Spinifex 13.37
WAAPIL0027 Calandrinia stagnensis 1.49
WAAPIL0028 Acacia xiphophylla Snake-wood 16.34
WAAPIL0028 Acacia incurvaneura Narrow-leaf Mulga 2.87
WAAPIL0029 Eucalyptus victrix Smooth-barked coolibah 14.85
WAAPIL0029 Triodia angusta 12.57
13
Appendix 5. Substrate and growth form
Plot name Substrate Approx. %
substrate
Plot name Growth form Approx. % cover
by growth form
WAAPIL0025 Leaf litter 66.24 WAAPIL0025 Vine 4.26
WAAPIL0025 Bare ground 25.64 WAAPIL0025 Tussock grass 0.89
WAAPIL0025 Cryptogam 7.62 WAAPIL0025 Tree/Palm 45.64
WAAPIL0025 Coarse woody debris 0.50 WAAPIL0025 Shrub 12.87
WAAPIL0025 Forb 14.55
WAAPIL0025 Epiphyte 0.20
WAAPIL0025 Chenopod 1.49
Plot name Substrate Approx. %
substrate
Plot name Growth form Approx. % cover
by growth form
WAAPIL0027 Bare ground 44.06 WAAPIL0027 Tussock grass 1.09
WAAPIL0027 Gravel 35.74 WAAPIL0027 Shrub 0.50
WAAPIL0027 Leaf litter 18.42 WAAPIL0027 Hummock grass 13.66
WAAPIL0027 Cryptogam 1.78 WAAPIL0027 Forb 4.95
Plot name Substrate Approx. %
substrate
Plot name Growth form Approx. % cover
by growth form
WAAPIL0028 Gravel 51.19 WAAPIL0028 Tussock grass 0.50
WAAPIL0028 Leaf litter 22.97 WAAPIL0028 Tree/Palm 3.66
WAAPIL0028 Bare ground 22.57 WAAPIL0028 Shrub 19.01
WAAPIL0028 Cryptogam 3.07 WAAPIL0028 Forb 0.20
WAAPIL0028 Coarse woody debris 0.20 WAAPIL0028 Epiphyte 0.10
WAAPIL0028 Chenopod 0.79
Plot name Substrate Approx. %
substrate
Plot name Growth form Approx. % cover
by growth form
WAAPIL0029 Leaf litter 65.54 WAAPIL0029 Vine 0.20
WAAPIL0029 Bare ground 27.52 WAAPIL0029 Tussock grass 0.79
WAAPIL0029 Gravel 3.66 WAAPIL0029 Tree/Palm 32.87
WAAPIL0029 Cryptogam 1.68 WAAPIL0029 Shrub 6.73
WAAPIL0029 Rock 0.99 WAAPIL0029 Hummock grass 12.57
WAAPIL0029 Coarse woody debris 0.50 WAAPIL0029 Forb 1.19
WAAPIL0029 Outcrop 0.10 WAAPIL0029 Epiphyte 1.29
WAAPIL0029 Chenopod 0.40
14
Appendix 6. Structural Summary
Plot name Structural description
WAAPIL0025 Acacia aptaneura woodland to tall shrubland with a mid -stratum of Acacia tetragonophylla and younger Acacia aptaneura. Lower mid-
stratum of Ptilotus gaudichaudii, Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii and Acacia synchronicia. Ground stratum sparse- Sida sp. verrucose
glands (F.H. Mollemans 2423) Duperreya commixta and
Evolvulus alsinoides var. villosicalyx, and other forbs. Very little tussock grasses.
WAAPIL0027 Triodia epactia/ Triodia longiceps hummock grassland. Scattered low Sida arsiniata shrubs and Acacia synchronicia but at same height as
Triodia. One dead Acacia dictyophleba. Lower ground stratum dominated by Calandrinia stagnensis and Daisy’s.
WAAPIL0028 Acacia xiphophylla shrubland with emergent Acacia incurvaneura particularly in south west corner. Ground layer of Enteropogon
ramosus and Sclerolaena cuneata.
WAAPIL0029 Eucalyptus victrix/ Acacia macraneura woodland with scattered Atalaya hemiglauca. Mid-stratum dominated by younger Acacia
macraneura and other scattered shrubs. Sparse ground-stratum dominated by Malvastrum americanum, Ptilotus obovatus and Triodia
angusta.
15
Appendix 7. Soil Classification
Plot name Upper depth
Lower
depth
Horizon Texture
Colour when
moist
ph ec effervescence
WAAPIL0025 0 0.03 A1 Clay loam sandy 10R34 6.2 0.04 Non-calcareous
WAAPIL0025 0.03 0.55 B2 Clay loam sandy 10R44 6.8 0.02 Non-calcareous
WAAPIL0027 0 0.07 A2 Loamy sand 10R34 7.3 0.2 Non-calcareous
WAAPIL0027 0.07 0.17 A3 Sandy loam 2.5YR36 7.5 0.25 Non-calcareous
WAAPIL0027 0.17 1 B2 Clay loam sandy 2.5YR46 8.2 4.6 Moderately calcareous
WAAPIL0028 0 0.12 A2 Loamy sand 10R34 7.5 0.07 Non-calcareous
WAAPIL0028 0.12 0.42 B2 Clay loam sandy 10R44 7.8 1.7 Non-calcareous
WAAPIL0029 0 0.06 A1 Loam 2.5YR2.54 7.8 0.18 Slightly calcareous
WAAPIL0029 0.06 0.45 B2 Clay loam sandy 2.5YR44 8 0.12 Slightly calcareous
WAAPIL0029 0.45 0.55 B3k Silty loam 10R44 8.1 0.2 Moderately calcareous
Appendix 8. Bulk density
Plot name Sample depth Fine earth weight Fine earth bulk
density
WAAPIL0025 0-10cm 352.33 1.68
WAAPIL0025 10-20cms 389.63 1.86
WAAPIL0025 20-30cms 345.45 1.65
WAAPIL0027 10-20cms 345.75 1.65
WAAPIL0027 20-30cms 370.55 1.77
WAAPIL0028 0-10cm 400.71 1.91
WAAPIL0028 10-20cms 371.23 1.77
WAAPIL0028 20-30cms 365.96 1.75
WAAPIL0029 0-10cm 338.88 1.62
WAAPIL0029 10-20cms 340.43 1.63
WAAPIL0029 20-30cms 344.44 1.65
16
Appendix 9. Plant collection
Plot name Herbarium determination Common name WA Cons. Code
WAAPIL0025 Abutilon lepidum
WAAPIL0025 Abutilon oxycarpum Flannel Weed
WAAPIL0025 Acacia aptaneura Slender Mulga
WAAPIL0025 Acacia sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma Limestone Wattle (preferred common
name)
WAAPIL0025 Acacia synchronicia Bardi Bush
WAAPIL0025 Acacia tetragonophylla Kurara
WAAPIL0025 Acacia xiphophylla Snake-wood
WAAPIL0025 Amyema fitzgeraldii Pincushion Mistletoe
WAAPIL0025 Aristida contorta Bunched Kerosene Grass
WAAPIL0025 Aristida latifolia Feathertop Wiregrass
WAAPIL0025 Boerhavia sp. Tarvines
WAAPIL0025 *Cenchrus ciliaris Buffel Grass
WAAPIL0025 Cleome viscosa Tickweed
WAAPIL0025 Cucumis variabilis
WAAPIL0025 Dichanthium sericeum subsp. humilius
WAAPIL0025 Duperreya commixta
WAAPIL0025 Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Barrier Saltbush
WAAPIL0025 Enneapogon polyphyllus Leafy Nineawn
WAAPIL0025 Enteropogon ramosus Windmill Grass
WAAPIL0025 Eragrostis dielsii Mallee Lovegrass
WAAPIL0025 Eragrostis xerophila Knotty-butt Neverfail
WAAPIL0025 Eremophila forrestii subsp. forrestii
WAAPIL0025 Eremophila latrobei subsp. filiformis
WAAPIL0025 Eremophila longifolia Berrigan
WAAPIL0025 Eucalyptus victrix Smooth-barked coolibah
WAAPIL0025 Eulalia aurea Silky Browntop
WAAPIL0025 Evolvulus alsinoides var. villosicalyx
WAAPIL0025 Glycine canescens Silky Glycine
WAAPIL0025 Gomphrena affinis subsp. pilbarensis
WAAPIL0025 Goodenia nuda 4
WAAPIL0025 Goodenia prostrata
WAAPIL0025 Grevillea striata Beefwood
WAAPIL0025 Hakea chordophylla Bootlace Oak
WAAPIL0025 Indigofera georgei Bovine Indigo
WAAPIL0025 Iseilema membranaceum Small Flinders Grass
WAAPIL0025 Maireana planifolia Low Bluebush
WAAPIL0025 Maireana triptera Threewinged Bluebush
WAAPIL0025 *Malvastrum americanum Spiked Malvastrum
WAAPIL0025 Paspalidium clementii Clements Paspalidium
WAAPIL0025 Perotis rara Comet Grass
17
Plot name Herbarium determination Common name WA Cons. Code
WAAPIL0025 Portulaca oleracea s. lat.
WAAPIL0025 Psydrax latifolia
WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus gaudichaudii subsp. gaudichaudii
WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus gomphrenoides
WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus helipteroides Hairy Mulla Mulla
WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus macrocephalus Featherheads
WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus nobilis subsp. nobilis Yellow Tails
WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus obovatus Cotton Bush
WAAPIL0025 Rhagodia eremaea Thorny Saltbush
WAAPIL0025 Salsola australis Russian Tumbleweed
WAAPIL0025 Scaevola spinescens Currant Bush
WAAPIL0025 Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii Blunt-leaved Cassia
WAAPIL0025 Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla Blunt-leaved Cassia
WAAPIL0025 Senna glutinosa subsp. x luerssenii
WAAPIL0025 Sida sp. verrucose glands (F.H. Mollemans 2423)
WAAPIL0025 Solanum lasiophyllum Flannel Bush
WAAPIL0025 Sporobolus australasicus Fairy Grass
WAAPIL0025 Stenopetalum nutans Enmerta
WAAPIL0025 Tribulus astrocarpus
WAAPIL0025 Trichodesma zeylanicum var. zeylanicum
WAAPIL0025 Triodia pungens Soft Spinifex
WAAPIL0027 Acacia dictyophleba Sandhill Wattle
WAAPIL0027 Acacia macraneura Big Pod Mulga
WAAPIL0027 Acacia synchronicia Bardi Bush
WAAPIL0027 Aristida contorta Bunched Kerosene Grass
WAAPIL0027 Aristida holathera var. holathera Erect Kerosene Grass
WAAPIL0027 Aristida inaequiglumis Feathertop Threeawn
WAAPIL0027 Asteraceae
WAAPIL0027 Calandrinia stagnensis
WAAPIL0027 Calocephalus beardii
WAAPIL0027 *Cenchrus ciliaris Buffel Grass
WAAPIL0027 Codonocarpus cotinifolius Native Poplar
WAAPIL0027 Corchorus lasiocarpus subsp. parvus
WAAPIL0027 Corchorus sidoides subsp. vermicularis
WAAPIL0027 Cynodon prostratus
WAAPIL0027 Eragrostis dielsii Mallee Lovegrass
WAAPIL0027 Eragrostis eriopoda Woollybutt Grass
WAAPIL0027 Eriachne aristidea Broad-leaf Wanderrie Grass
WAAPIL0027 Eriachne pulchella subsp. pulchella
WAAPIL0027 Eulalia aurea Silky Browntop
WAAPIL0027 Fimbristylis dichotoma s. lat.
WAAPIL0027 Goodenia forrestii
18
Plot name Herbarium determination Common name WA Cons. Code
WAAPIL0027 Goodenia prostrata
WAAPIL0027 Goodenia vilmoriniae
WAAPIL0027 Heliotropium chrysocarpum
WAAPIL0027 Hibiscus brachychlaenus
WAAPIL0027 Maireana georgei Satiny Bluebush
WAAPIL0027 Maireana melanocoma Pussy Bluebush
WAAPIL0027 Maireana tomentosa Felty Bluebush
WAAPIL0027 Maireana triptera Threewinged Bluebush
WAAPIL0027 Olearia sp. Daisy Bush
WAAPIL0027 Paraneurachne muelleri Northern Mulga Grass
WAAPIL0027 Pluchea dunlopii
WAAPIL0027 Pluchea tetranthera Pink Plains-bush
WAAPIL0027 Portulaca oleracea s. lat.
WAAPIL0027 Pterocaulon sp.
WAAPIL0027 Ptilotus nobilis subsp. nobilis Yellow Tails
WAAPIL0027 Sclerolaena cuneata Yellow Bindii
WAAPIL0027 Sclerolaena deserticola
WAAPIL0027 Sclerolaena lanicuspis Spinach Burr
WAAPIL0027 Sclerolaena sp.
WAAPIL0027 Senna glutinosa
WAAPIL0027 Senna notabilis Cockroach Bush
WAAPIL0027 Senna sp.
WAAPIL0027 Sida arsiniata
WAAPIL0027 Sida cardiophylla
WAAPIL0027 Solanum lasiophyllum Flannel Bush
WAAPIL0027 Solanum morrisonii
WAAPIL0027 Streptoglossa odora Smelly Bush
WAAPIL0027 Stylobasium spathulatum Pebble Bush
WAAPIL0027 Trianthema triquetrum Red Spinach
WAAPIL0027 Trianthema turgidifolia
WAAPIL0027 Triodia epactia
WAAPIL0027 Triodia longiceps Giant Grey Spinifex
WAAPIL0028 Abutilon oxycarpum Flannel Weed
WAAPIL0028 Acacia incurvaneura Narrow-leaf Mulga
WAAPIL0028 Acacia sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma Limestone Wattle (preferred common
name)
WAAPIL0028 Acacia synchronicia Bardi Bush
WAAPIL0028 Acacia tetragonophylla Kurara
WAAPIL0028 Acacia xiphophylla Snake-wood
WAAPIL0028 Amyema fitzgeraldii Pincushion Mistletoe
WAAPIL0028 Aristida contorta Bunched Kerosene Grass
WAAPIL0028 Atriplex codonocarpa Flat-topped Saltbush
19
Plot name Herbarium determination Common name WA Cons. Code
WAAPIL0028 Boerhavia coccinea Tar Vine
WAAPIL0028 *Cenchrus ciliaris Buffel Grass
WAAPIL0028 Chrysopogon fallax Golden Beard Grass
WAAPIL0028 Corchorus sidoides subsp. vermicularis
WAAPIL0028 Duperreya commixta
WAAPIL0028 Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Barrier Saltbush
WAAPIL0028 Enneapogon polyphyllus Leafy Nineawn
WAAPIL0028 Enteropogon ramosus Windmill Grass
WAAPIL0028 Eragrostis pergracilis Small Lovegrass
WAAPIL0028 Eragrostis xerophila Knotty-butt Neverfail
WAAPIL0028 Eremophila cuneifolia Pinyuru
WAAPIL0028 Eremophila forrestii subsp. forrestii
WAAPIL0028 Evolvulus alsinoides var. villosicalyx
WAAPIL0028 Fimbristylis dichotoma s. lat.
WAAPIL0028 Frankenia setosa Bristly Frankenia
WAAPIL0028 Gnephosis brevifolia Short-leaved Gnephosis
WAAPIL0028 Goodenia muelleriana
WAAPIL0028 Indigofera monophylla
WAAPIL0028 Maireana carnosa Cottony Bluebush
WAAPIL0028 Maireana tomentosa Felty Bluebush
WAAPIL0028 Psydrax latifolia
WAAPIL0028 Ptilotus obovatus Cotton Bush
WAAPIL0028 Rhagodia eremaea Thorny Saltbush
WAAPIL0028 Rhynchosia minima Rhynchosia
WAAPIL0028 Salsola australis Russian Tumbleweed
WAAPIL0028 Sclerolaena cuneata Yellow Bindii
WAAPIL0028 Sclerolaena deserticola
WAAPIL0028 Sclerolaena lanicuspis Spinach Burr
WAAPIL0028 Senna sp. Meekatharra (E. Bailey 1-26)
WAAPIL0028 Sida sp. verrucose glands (F.H. Mollemans 2423)
WAAPIL0028 Solanum lasiophyllum Flannel Bush
WAAPIL0028 Trianthema triquetrum Red Spinach
WAAPIL0028 Triodia sp. 'Spinifex'
WAAPIL0028 Tripogon loliiformis Five Minute Grass
WAAPIL0029 Abutilon fraseri Lantern Bush
WAAPIL0029 Abutilon leucopetalum Desert Chinese Lantern
WAAPIL0029 Abutilon macrum Slender Lantern-bush
WAAPIL0029 Abutilon otocarpum Desert Chinese Lantern
WAAPIL0029 Abutilon oxycarpum Flannel Weed
WAAPIL0029 Acacia macraneura Big Pod Mulga
WAAPIL0029 Acacia pyrifolia var. pyrifolia Fire Wattle
20
Plot name Herbarium determination Common name WA Cons. Code
WAAPIL0029 Acacia sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma Limestone Wattle (preferred common
name)
WAAPIL0029 Acacia synchronicia Bardi Bush
WAAPIL0029 Acacia tetragonophylla Kurara
WAAPIL0029 *Aerva javanica Kapok Bush
WAAPIL0029 Amyema fitzgeraldii Pincushion Mistletoe
WAAPIL0029 Aristida contorta Bunched Kerosene Grass
WAAPIL0029 Atalaya hemiglauca Whitewood
WAAPIL0029 Bidens subalternans Greater Beggar's Ticks
WAAPIL0029 Boerhavia coccinea Tar Vine
WAAPIL0029 Calotis hispidula Bindy Eye
WAAPIL0029 Capparis lasiantha Split Jack
WAAPIL0029 Capparis spinosa var. nummularia Coastal Caper
WAAPIL0029 Capparis umbonata Wild Orange
WAAPIL0029 *Cenchrus ciliaris Buffel Grass
WAAPIL0029 Convolvulus clementii Desert Bindweed
WAAPIL0029 Corchorus lasiocarpus subsp. lasiocarpus
WAAPIL0029 Dactyloctenium radulans Button Grass
WAAPIL0029 Duperreya commixta
WAAPIL0029 Enneapogon polyphyllus Leafy Nineawn
WAAPIL0029 Eragrostis desertorum Desert Lovegrass
WAAPIL0029 Eragrostis pergracilis Small Lovegrass
WAAPIL0029 Eremophila youngii subsp. lepidota 4
WAAPIL0029 Eriachne mucronata Mountain Wanderrie Grass
WAAPIL0029 Eucalyptus victrix Smooth-barked coolibah
WAAPIL0029 Euphorbia tannensis subsp. eremophila Desert Spurge
WAAPIL0029 Evolvulus alsinoides var. villosicalyx
WAAPIL0029 Glycine canescens Silky Glycine
WAAPIL0029 Gomphrena affinis subsp. pilbarensis
WAAPIL0029 Gomphrena kanisii
WAAPIL0029 Goodenia forrestii
WAAPIL0029 Grevillea striata Beefwood
WAAPIL0029 Hakea chordophylla Bootlace Oak
WAAPIL0029 Hakea lorea subsp. lorea
WAAPIL0029 Lepidium muelleri-ferdinandii
WAAPIL0029 Lepidium oxytrichum Green Peppercress
WAAPIL0029 Maireana planifolia Low Bluebush
WAAPIL0029 *Malvastrum americanum Spiked Malvastrum
WAAPIL0029 Melhania oblongifolia Velvet Hibiscus
WAAPIL0029 Nicotiana occidentalis Native Tobacco
WAAPIL0029 Poaceae - sterile
WAAPIL0029 Ptilotus gomphrenoides
21
Plot name Herbarium determination Common name WA Cons. Code
WAAPIL0029 Ptilotus macrocephalus Featherheads
WAAPIL0029 Ptilotus nobilis subsp. nobilis Yellow Tails
WAAPIL0029 Ptilotus obovatus Cotton Bush
WAAPIL0029 Rhagodia eremaea Thorny Saltbush
WAAPIL0029 Rhyncharrhena linearis Bush Bean
WAAPIL0029 Rhynchosia minima Rhynchosia
WAAPIL0029 Salsola australis Russian Tumbleweed
WAAPIL0029 Santalum lanceolatum Northern Sandalwood
WAAPIL0029 Sclerolaena cornishiana Cartwheel Burr
WAAPIL0029 Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii Blunt-leaved Cassia
WAAPIL0029 Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla Blunt-leaved Cassia
WAAPIL0029 Senna glutinosa subsp x luerssenii
WAAPIL0029 Senna sp. Meekatharra (E. Bailey 1-26)
WAAPIL0029 *Setaria verticillata Whorled Pigeon Grass
WAAPIL0029 Sida fibulifera Silver Sida
WAAPIL0029 Solanum cleistogamum
WAAPIL0029 Solanum lasiophyllum Flannel Bush
WAAPIL0029 Sporobolus australasicus Fairy Grass
WAAPIL0029 Triodia angusta
WAAPIL0029 Urochloa occidentalis var. occidentalis
WAAPIL0029 *Vachellia farnesiana Mimosa Bush
WAAPIL0029 Zygophyllum simile White Twinleaf
22
www.ausplots.org.au

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TERN Ecosystem Surveillance Plots Roy Hill Station

  • 1. Summary of Sites on Roy Hill Station August 2016
  • 2. Acknowledgments AusPlots gratefully acknowledges the staff from Pilbara Corridors, particularly Ian Cotton and staff from the Department of Parks and Wildlife (WA) (DPaW), in particular, Dr Stephen van-Leeuwen, Nigel Wessels and Mike Hisslop for their help and support of the project. Thanks also to Roy Hill Station for allowing access to the property. Thanks also to volunteers Lodovica Maretti, Elliot Bland and Dean Richards who assisted with field work and the many other volunteers who have helped with data curation and sample processing
  • 3. Contents Introduction......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Accessing the Data............................................................................................................................................... 3 Point intercept data .................................................................................................................................... 3 Plant collections.......................................................................................................................................... 3 Leaf tissue samples...................................................................................................................................... 3 Site description information........................................................................................................................ 3 Structural summary..................................................................................................................................... 3 Leaf Area Index ........................................................................................................................................... 3 Basal area.................................................................................................................................................... 3 Soil classification ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Soil meta barcoding samples....................................................................................................................... 4 Soil bulk density .......................................................................................................................................... 4 3D Photo Panorama .................................................................................................................................... 4 Regional Context.................................................................................................................................................. 6 Potential Uses for AusPlots Data from Roy Hill..................................................................................................... 8 For more information .......................................................................................................................................... 8 Appencides.......................................................................................................................................................... 9 Appendix 1. Summary of AusPlots data and samples from Roy Hill.......................................................................... 9 Appendix 2. Co-location with existing plots............................................................................................................ 10 Appendix 3. Plot locations ..................................................................................................................................... 11 Appendix 4. Point intercept data ........................................................................................................................... 12 Appendix 5. Substrate and growth form ................................................................................................................ 13 Appendix 6. Structural Summary............................................................................................................................ 14 Appendix 7. Soil Classification................................................................................................................................ 15 Appendix 8. Bulk density........................................................................................................................................ 15 Appendix 9. Plant collection................................................................................................................................... 16
  • 4. 1 Introduction In August 2016, AusPlots, part of the Terrestrial Ecosystems Research Network (TERN), undertook surveys on Roy Hill, Western Australia. The surveys involved vegetation and soils work following the AusPlots Rangelands methodology, with 4 plots completed. The plots are part of over 580 plots completed nationally. Figure 1 shows the national AusPlots plot network, and Figure 2 shows the locations of the plots on Roy Hill. This report provides a snapshot of some of the data which was collected during the survey work. A more detailed description of the methods used can be found online in our AusPlots Rangelands Survey Protocols Manual (White et al. 2012), available from our website www.ausplots.org. Figure 1. AusPlots plot network LandSat Image used courtesy of the Commonwealth Department of the Environment
  • 5. 2 Figure 2. AusPlots Rangelands plot locations on Roy Hill Topographic data copyright Geoscience Australia
  • 6. 3 Accessing the Data All of the data the AusPlots collects is freely available online through the AEKOS data portal at www.aekos.org.au. It can also be viewed on the Soils to Satellites website which contains a range of useful visualisations sourced from the Atlas of Living Australia. At http://www.soils2satellites.org.au/. Point intercept data The point intercept method is a straightforward method that is readily repeatable and requires little instruction to produce reliable plot information. It provides accurate benchmark data at each plot including substrate type and cover; as well as species structural information such as growth form, height, cover and abundance and population vertical structure. The demographic information produced at each plot can be compared spatially to indicate plot differences, and temporally to indicate change over time. Additionally, the cover data collected at each plot can be used to validate cover data extrapolated through remote sensing techniques. Plant collections Each species thatis found withinthe plot has a herbarium grade sample taken. These have all beenformally identified by the WA herbarium. Much of the material is then lodged at the WA herbarium or at the Ausplots facility in Adelaide. Leaf tissue samples All of the above samples also have leaf tissue samples taken. This involves placing leaf samples from each species into a cloth bag and drying them on silica desiccant. All of the dominant species have an extra 4 samples collected. These samples are available for use on application to Ausplots facility in Adelaide. They are able to be used for genetic analysis, Isotopic composition and range of other uses. Site description information Contextual information is also collected at each site. This includes measures of slope an aspect, surface strew and lithology, and information on the grazing and fire history of the site. The sites location is also recorded with a differential GPS and the plot corners and centres (with landholder permission) marked with a star picket. Structural summary Detailed structural summary information is also collected at each site. When combined with the height and cover information from the point intercept data it enables the creation of structural description compatible with and NVIS level 5 description. Leaf Area Index In plots where a mid and/or upper canopy is present a measure of Leaf Area is recorded. The tool used is an LAI- 2200 and it captures LAI measurements in a range of canopies using one or two sensors attached to a single data logger (LI-COR 1990). The LAI data has a range of potential application such as studies of canopy growth, canopy productivity, woodland vigour, canopy fuel load, air pollution deposition, modelling insect defoliation, remote sensing, and the global carbon cycle. Basal area Basal area measurements are collected across plots where woody biomass is taller than 2m. Basal area measurements provide information useful for calculating biomass and carbon levels and for structural studies. The wedge aperture, the length of string – 50 cm (and hence the distance from the eye and subsequent angle from the eye to the edges of the wedge aperture) and species count are all important in calculations. Algorithms developed for use with the basal wedge include the above data to calculate plant basal area on a per hectare basis even though species are counted outside the one hectare plot area. The method is plotless but used because it is based on the
  • 7. 4 concept of circles (trunks/basal area) within circles (circular plots) – the area of one varies proportionally to the change in the area of the other. Use of the basal wedge may be superseded by further improvement of the 3D photo point method and development of algorithms to provide information on vegetation community structure. Soil classification Soils descriptions i.e. information recorded, number of recordings and coverage of locations, are generally poor across the rangelands region of Australia. The plot descriptions and soil characterisations collected will substantially alleviate this paucity of information. The data collected can also be used to increase the reliability of the rangelands component of the Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia, produced by the TERN facility consistent with the Global Soil Map specifications. Analyses of the collected samples will greatly enhance the level of knowledge (e.g. nutrient and carbon levels) and hence understanding of rangelands soils and how they will respond to climate change and management options. It is hoped to eventually be able to analyse all 9 of the soil pits from within the plot using a number of different methods e.g. wet chemistry, MIR or NIR (mid infrared spectrometry or near infrared spectroscopy) either individually to provide a measure of variation of the parameter being measured across a plot or bulked together and a sub-sample extracted and analysed to provide a mean value for that parameter across a plot. Soil meta barcoding samples Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples. Soil metagenomics provides the opportunity to understand what organisms are present at survey plots and provides an indication on their abundance. The collection techniques result in a bias towards higher order organisms. All of the Ausplots Roy Hill have soil meta barcoding samples collected. Soil bulk density The soil bulk density (BD), also known as dry bulk density, is the weight of dry soil divided by the total soil volume. The total soil volume is the combined volume of solids and pores which may contain air or water, or both. The average values of air, water and solid in soil are easily measured and are a useful indication of a soils physical condition. Soil test results are most often presented either as a percentage of soil (e.g. % organic carbon) or as a weight per unit of soil (e.g. nitrogen, mg/kg). As bulk density is a measure of soil weight in a given volume, it provides a useful conversion from these units to an area basis unit (e.g. t/ha). The resulting number gives an easily understandable idea of the carbon storage or nutritional status of the soil on an area basis. 3D Photo Panorama AusPlots uses a three dimensional method for photographing the site. This involves taking three 360 degree panoramas in a triangular pattern. This allows the creation of a 3D model of the vegetation within the site which can be used to monitor change over time, track plot condition as well as providing a unique, fast measurement of basal area and biomass. Photo panoramas for each of the plots are shown below.
  • 9. 6 Regional Context Figure 3. Modelled 9s elevation Data from: Xu and Hutchinson, 2011. ANUCLIM Version 6.1. Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Australia. Figure 4. Conservation and pastoral land use CAPAD 2014 © Commonwealth of Australia
  • 10. 7 Figure 5. Mean annual temperature Data from: Xu and Hutchinson, 2011. ANUCLIM Version 6.1. Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Australia. Figure 6. Mean annual Precipitation Climate Data from: Xu and Hutchinson, 2011. ANUCLIM Version 6.1. Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Australia.
  • 11. 8 Potential Uses for AusPlots Data from Roy Hill The AusPlots survey method was developed out of a dire need for consistent, national scale ecological data and surveillance monitoring. As such, the data can be used in a range of ways both on Roy Hill but also to allow comparisons across the continent. Currently, a range of researchers and land managers make use of the data and samples. Some example applications that may be applicable within the region are listed below. • Assessing vegetation change using the AusPlots methodology as both a baseline and a continued surveillance monitoring tool. • Detecting the impact of invasive species based on soil and vegetation data. • Ground-truthing satellite derived vegetation and soil data • Soil carbon analysis using the soil bulk density samples • Mapping soil phosphorus, nitrogen and other nutrients using soil pit and subsite samples • Assessing fuel loading using the basal area and leaf area data. • Use of the leaf tissue samples for genetic and isotopic analysis. For more information More information on the AusPlots facility can be found on our website www.AusPlots.org For more information regarding the survey work on Roy Hill and assistance downloading and utilising the data from AEKOS and Soils2Satellites contact Emrys Leitch, AusPlots Field Survey Officer, emrys.leitch@adelaide.edu.au For more information regarding the AusPlots facility, contact Ben Sparrow, AusPlots Director, ben.sparrow@adelaide.edu.au
  • 12. 9 Appencides Appendix 1. Summary of AusPlots data and samples from Roy Hill AusPlots Data and Samples Count Total Collections 181 Total Leaf Tissue Samples 277 Total number of soil samples 96 Total weight of soil (kg) 96 Number of sites with Bulk Density data 4 Number of Sites with LAI 3 Number of Sites with Basal wedge 3 Total metagenomic samples 36 Total metagenomic weight (kg) 18
  • 13. 10 Appendix 2. Co-location with existing plots AusPlots works on a mix of both new plots (where this is little existing monitoring infrastructure) and co-location with existing plots. Many of the plots on Roy Hill, are co-located with existing DPAW monitoring site. The table below provides the name of the AusPlots site and the corresponding DPAW site AusPlot name DPAW Plot name WAAPIL0025 RHNE3 WAAPIL0027 RHNE04 WAAPIL0028 RHNE5 WAAPIL0029 RHNE06
  • 14. 11 Appendix 3. Plot locations Plot Name Date Location latitude longitude WAAPIL0025 02-Aug-16 119.708736 -22.708210 Roy Hill Station. South side of road, 25.4km west of junction on Newman-Marble Bar road on Roy Hill-Munjina Road. 27.7km south west of Roy Hill. 72.8km north of Newman. WAAPIL0027 03-Aug-16 119.773978 -22.691567 Roy Hill Station. South side of road, 11m off road. 18.5km west of junction on Newman-Marble Bar road on Roy Hill-Munjina road. 14.3km south west of Roy Hill. 74.8km north north east of Newman WAAPIL0028 03-Aug-16 119.840089 -22.676556 Roy Hill Station. North side of Road. 11.5km west of junction on Newman-Marble Bar Road on Roy Hill-Munjina road. 14.2km south west of Roy Hill. 77.1km north north east of Newman. WAAPIL0029 04-Aug-16 119.917748 -22.661971 Roy Hill Station. 3km west of junction on Newman-Munjina Road. 7.3km south south west of Roy Hill. 80.3km north north east of Newman.
  • 15. 12 Appendix 4. Point intercept data Plot name Herbarium ID Common name Approx. % cover WA cons. code WAAPIL0025 Acacia aptaneura Slender Mulga 36.83 WAAPIL0025 Acacia tetragonophylla Kurara 8.12 WAAPIL0025 Sida sp. verrucose glands (F.H. Mollemans 2423) 7.82 WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus obovatus Cotton Bush 4.46 WAAPIL0027 Triodia longiceps Giant Grey Spinifex 13.37 WAAPIL0027 Calandrinia stagnensis 1.49 WAAPIL0028 Acacia xiphophylla Snake-wood 16.34 WAAPIL0028 Acacia incurvaneura Narrow-leaf Mulga 2.87 WAAPIL0029 Eucalyptus victrix Smooth-barked coolibah 14.85 WAAPIL0029 Triodia angusta 12.57
  • 16. 13 Appendix 5. Substrate and growth form Plot name Substrate Approx. % substrate Plot name Growth form Approx. % cover by growth form WAAPIL0025 Leaf litter 66.24 WAAPIL0025 Vine 4.26 WAAPIL0025 Bare ground 25.64 WAAPIL0025 Tussock grass 0.89 WAAPIL0025 Cryptogam 7.62 WAAPIL0025 Tree/Palm 45.64 WAAPIL0025 Coarse woody debris 0.50 WAAPIL0025 Shrub 12.87 WAAPIL0025 Forb 14.55 WAAPIL0025 Epiphyte 0.20 WAAPIL0025 Chenopod 1.49 Plot name Substrate Approx. % substrate Plot name Growth form Approx. % cover by growth form WAAPIL0027 Bare ground 44.06 WAAPIL0027 Tussock grass 1.09 WAAPIL0027 Gravel 35.74 WAAPIL0027 Shrub 0.50 WAAPIL0027 Leaf litter 18.42 WAAPIL0027 Hummock grass 13.66 WAAPIL0027 Cryptogam 1.78 WAAPIL0027 Forb 4.95 Plot name Substrate Approx. % substrate Plot name Growth form Approx. % cover by growth form WAAPIL0028 Gravel 51.19 WAAPIL0028 Tussock grass 0.50 WAAPIL0028 Leaf litter 22.97 WAAPIL0028 Tree/Palm 3.66 WAAPIL0028 Bare ground 22.57 WAAPIL0028 Shrub 19.01 WAAPIL0028 Cryptogam 3.07 WAAPIL0028 Forb 0.20 WAAPIL0028 Coarse woody debris 0.20 WAAPIL0028 Epiphyte 0.10 WAAPIL0028 Chenopod 0.79 Plot name Substrate Approx. % substrate Plot name Growth form Approx. % cover by growth form WAAPIL0029 Leaf litter 65.54 WAAPIL0029 Vine 0.20 WAAPIL0029 Bare ground 27.52 WAAPIL0029 Tussock grass 0.79 WAAPIL0029 Gravel 3.66 WAAPIL0029 Tree/Palm 32.87 WAAPIL0029 Cryptogam 1.68 WAAPIL0029 Shrub 6.73 WAAPIL0029 Rock 0.99 WAAPIL0029 Hummock grass 12.57 WAAPIL0029 Coarse woody debris 0.50 WAAPIL0029 Forb 1.19 WAAPIL0029 Outcrop 0.10 WAAPIL0029 Epiphyte 1.29 WAAPIL0029 Chenopod 0.40
  • 17. 14 Appendix 6. Structural Summary Plot name Structural description WAAPIL0025 Acacia aptaneura woodland to tall shrubland with a mid -stratum of Acacia tetragonophylla and younger Acacia aptaneura. Lower mid- stratum of Ptilotus gaudichaudii, Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii and Acacia synchronicia. Ground stratum sparse- Sida sp. verrucose glands (F.H. Mollemans 2423) Duperreya commixta and Evolvulus alsinoides var. villosicalyx, and other forbs. Very little tussock grasses. WAAPIL0027 Triodia epactia/ Triodia longiceps hummock grassland. Scattered low Sida arsiniata shrubs and Acacia synchronicia but at same height as Triodia. One dead Acacia dictyophleba. Lower ground stratum dominated by Calandrinia stagnensis and Daisy’s. WAAPIL0028 Acacia xiphophylla shrubland with emergent Acacia incurvaneura particularly in south west corner. Ground layer of Enteropogon ramosus and Sclerolaena cuneata. WAAPIL0029 Eucalyptus victrix/ Acacia macraneura woodland with scattered Atalaya hemiglauca. Mid-stratum dominated by younger Acacia macraneura and other scattered shrubs. Sparse ground-stratum dominated by Malvastrum americanum, Ptilotus obovatus and Triodia angusta.
  • 18. 15 Appendix 7. Soil Classification Plot name Upper depth Lower depth Horizon Texture Colour when moist ph ec effervescence WAAPIL0025 0 0.03 A1 Clay loam sandy 10R34 6.2 0.04 Non-calcareous WAAPIL0025 0.03 0.55 B2 Clay loam sandy 10R44 6.8 0.02 Non-calcareous WAAPIL0027 0 0.07 A2 Loamy sand 10R34 7.3 0.2 Non-calcareous WAAPIL0027 0.07 0.17 A3 Sandy loam 2.5YR36 7.5 0.25 Non-calcareous WAAPIL0027 0.17 1 B2 Clay loam sandy 2.5YR46 8.2 4.6 Moderately calcareous WAAPIL0028 0 0.12 A2 Loamy sand 10R34 7.5 0.07 Non-calcareous WAAPIL0028 0.12 0.42 B2 Clay loam sandy 10R44 7.8 1.7 Non-calcareous WAAPIL0029 0 0.06 A1 Loam 2.5YR2.54 7.8 0.18 Slightly calcareous WAAPIL0029 0.06 0.45 B2 Clay loam sandy 2.5YR44 8 0.12 Slightly calcareous WAAPIL0029 0.45 0.55 B3k Silty loam 10R44 8.1 0.2 Moderately calcareous Appendix 8. Bulk density Plot name Sample depth Fine earth weight Fine earth bulk density WAAPIL0025 0-10cm 352.33 1.68 WAAPIL0025 10-20cms 389.63 1.86 WAAPIL0025 20-30cms 345.45 1.65 WAAPIL0027 10-20cms 345.75 1.65 WAAPIL0027 20-30cms 370.55 1.77 WAAPIL0028 0-10cm 400.71 1.91 WAAPIL0028 10-20cms 371.23 1.77 WAAPIL0028 20-30cms 365.96 1.75 WAAPIL0029 0-10cm 338.88 1.62 WAAPIL0029 10-20cms 340.43 1.63 WAAPIL0029 20-30cms 344.44 1.65
  • 19. 16 Appendix 9. Plant collection Plot name Herbarium determination Common name WA Cons. Code WAAPIL0025 Abutilon lepidum WAAPIL0025 Abutilon oxycarpum Flannel Weed WAAPIL0025 Acacia aptaneura Slender Mulga WAAPIL0025 Acacia sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma Limestone Wattle (preferred common name) WAAPIL0025 Acacia synchronicia Bardi Bush WAAPIL0025 Acacia tetragonophylla Kurara WAAPIL0025 Acacia xiphophylla Snake-wood WAAPIL0025 Amyema fitzgeraldii Pincushion Mistletoe WAAPIL0025 Aristida contorta Bunched Kerosene Grass WAAPIL0025 Aristida latifolia Feathertop Wiregrass WAAPIL0025 Boerhavia sp. Tarvines WAAPIL0025 *Cenchrus ciliaris Buffel Grass WAAPIL0025 Cleome viscosa Tickweed WAAPIL0025 Cucumis variabilis WAAPIL0025 Dichanthium sericeum subsp. humilius WAAPIL0025 Duperreya commixta WAAPIL0025 Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Barrier Saltbush WAAPIL0025 Enneapogon polyphyllus Leafy Nineawn WAAPIL0025 Enteropogon ramosus Windmill Grass WAAPIL0025 Eragrostis dielsii Mallee Lovegrass WAAPIL0025 Eragrostis xerophila Knotty-butt Neverfail WAAPIL0025 Eremophila forrestii subsp. forrestii WAAPIL0025 Eremophila latrobei subsp. filiformis WAAPIL0025 Eremophila longifolia Berrigan WAAPIL0025 Eucalyptus victrix Smooth-barked coolibah WAAPIL0025 Eulalia aurea Silky Browntop WAAPIL0025 Evolvulus alsinoides var. villosicalyx WAAPIL0025 Glycine canescens Silky Glycine WAAPIL0025 Gomphrena affinis subsp. pilbarensis WAAPIL0025 Goodenia nuda 4 WAAPIL0025 Goodenia prostrata WAAPIL0025 Grevillea striata Beefwood WAAPIL0025 Hakea chordophylla Bootlace Oak WAAPIL0025 Indigofera georgei Bovine Indigo WAAPIL0025 Iseilema membranaceum Small Flinders Grass WAAPIL0025 Maireana planifolia Low Bluebush WAAPIL0025 Maireana triptera Threewinged Bluebush WAAPIL0025 *Malvastrum americanum Spiked Malvastrum WAAPIL0025 Paspalidium clementii Clements Paspalidium WAAPIL0025 Perotis rara Comet Grass
  • 20. 17 Plot name Herbarium determination Common name WA Cons. Code WAAPIL0025 Portulaca oleracea s. lat. WAAPIL0025 Psydrax latifolia WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus gaudichaudii subsp. gaudichaudii WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus gomphrenoides WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus helipteroides Hairy Mulla Mulla WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus macrocephalus Featherheads WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus nobilis subsp. nobilis Yellow Tails WAAPIL0025 Ptilotus obovatus Cotton Bush WAAPIL0025 Rhagodia eremaea Thorny Saltbush WAAPIL0025 Salsola australis Russian Tumbleweed WAAPIL0025 Scaevola spinescens Currant Bush WAAPIL0025 Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii Blunt-leaved Cassia WAAPIL0025 Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla Blunt-leaved Cassia WAAPIL0025 Senna glutinosa subsp. x luerssenii WAAPIL0025 Sida sp. verrucose glands (F.H. Mollemans 2423) WAAPIL0025 Solanum lasiophyllum Flannel Bush WAAPIL0025 Sporobolus australasicus Fairy Grass WAAPIL0025 Stenopetalum nutans Enmerta WAAPIL0025 Tribulus astrocarpus WAAPIL0025 Trichodesma zeylanicum var. zeylanicum WAAPIL0025 Triodia pungens Soft Spinifex WAAPIL0027 Acacia dictyophleba Sandhill Wattle WAAPIL0027 Acacia macraneura Big Pod Mulga WAAPIL0027 Acacia synchronicia Bardi Bush WAAPIL0027 Aristida contorta Bunched Kerosene Grass WAAPIL0027 Aristida holathera var. holathera Erect Kerosene Grass WAAPIL0027 Aristida inaequiglumis Feathertop Threeawn WAAPIL0027 Asteraceae WAAPIL0027 Calandrinia stagnensis WAAPIL0027 Calocephalus beardii WAAPIL0027 *Cenchrus ciliaris Buffel Grass WAAPIL0027 Codonocarpus cotinifolius Native Poplar WAAPIL0027 Corchorus lasiocarpus subsp. parvus WAAPIL0027 Corchorus sidoides subsp. vermicularis WAAPIL0027 Cynodon prostratus WAAPIL0027 Eragrostis dielsii Mallee Lovegrass WAAPIL0027 Eragrostis eriopoda Woollybutt Grass WAAPIL0027 Eriachne aristidea Broad-leaf Wanderrie Grass WAAPIL0027 Eriachne pulchella subsp. pulchella WAAPIL0027 Eulalia aurea Silky Browntop WAAPIL0027 Fimbristylis dichotoma s. lat. WAAPIL0027 Goodenia forrestii
  • 21. 18 Plot name Herbarium determination Common name WA Cons. Code WAAPIL0027 Goodenia prostrata WAAPIL0027 Goodenia vilmoriniae WAAPIL0027 Heliotropium chrysocarpum WAAPIL0027 Hibiscus brachychlaenus WAAPIL0027 Maireana georgei Satiny Bluebush WAAPIL0027 Maireana melanocoma Pussy Bluebush WAAPIL0027 Maireana tomentosa Felty Bluebush WAAPIL0027 Maireana triptera Threewinged Bluebush WAAPIL0027 Olearia sp. Daisy Bush WAAPIL0027 Paraneurachne muelleri Northern Mulga Grass WAAPIL0027 Pluchea dunlopii WAAPIL0027 Pluchea tetranthera Pink Plains-bush WAAPIL0027 Portulaca oleracea s. lat. WAAPIL0027 Pterocaulon sp. WAAPIL0027 Ptilotus nobilis subsp. nobilis Yellow Tails WAAPIL0027 Sclerolaena cuneata Yellow Bindii WAAPIL0027 Sclerolaena deserticola WAAPIL0027 Sclerolaena lanicuspis Spinach Burr WAAPIL0027 Sclerolaena sp. WAAPIL0027 Senna glutinosa WAAPIL0027 Senna notabilis Cockroach Bush WAAPIL0027 Senna sp. WAAPIL0027 Sida arsiniata WAAPIL0027 Sida cardiophylla WAAPIL0027 Solanum lasiophyllum Flannel Bush WAAPIL0027 Solanum morrisonii WAAPIL0027 Streptoglossa odora Smelly Bush WAAPIL0027 Stylobasium spathulatum Pebble Bush WAAPIL0027 Trianthema triquetrum Red Spinach WAAPIL0027 Trianthema turgidifolia WAAPIL0027 Triodia epactia WAAPIL0027 Triodia longiceps Giant Grey Spinifex WAAPIL0028 Abutilon oxycarpum Flannel Weed WAAPIL0028 Acacia incurvaneura Narrow-leaf Mulga WAAPIL0028 Acacia sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma Limestone Wattle (preferred common name) WAAPIL0028 Acacia synchronicia Bardi Bush WAAPIL0028 Acacia tetragonophylla Kurara WAAPIL0028 Acacia xiphophylla Snake-wood WAAPIL0028 Amyema fitzgeraldii Pincushion Mistletoe WAAPIL0028 Aristida contorta Bunched Kerosene Grass WAAPIL0028 Atriplex codonocarpa Flat-topped Saltbush
  • 22. 19 Plot name Herbarium determination Common name WA Cons. Code WAAPIL0028 Boerhavia coccinea Tar Vine WAAPIL0028 *Cenchrus ciliaris Buffel Grass WAAPIL0028 Chrysopogon fallax Golden Beard Grass WAAPIL0028 Corchorus sidoides subsp. vermicularis WAAPIL0028 Duperreya commixta WAAPIL0028 Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Barrier Saltbush WAAPIL0028 Enneapogon polyphyllus Leafy Nineawn WAAPIL0028 Enteropogon ramosus Windmill Grass WAAPIL0028 Eragrostis pergracilis Small Lovegrass WAAPIL0028 Eragrostis xerophila Knotty-butt Neverfail WAAPIL0028 Eremophila cuneifolia Pinyuru WAAPIL0028 Eremophila forrestii subsp. forrestii WAAPIL0028 Evolvulus alsinoides var. villosicalyx WAAPIL0028 Fimbristylis dichotoma s. lat. WAAPIL0028 Frankenia setosa Bristly Frankenia WAAPIL0028 Gnephosis brevifolia Short-leaved Gnephosis WAAPIL0028 Goodenia muelleriana WAAPIL0028 Indigofera monophylla WAAPIL0028 Maireana carnosa Cottony Bluebush WAAPIL0028 Maireana tomentosa Felty Bluebush WAAPIL0028 Psydrax latifolia WAAPIL0028 Ptilotus obovatus Cotton Bush WAAPIL0028 Rhagodia eremaea Thorny Saltbush WAAPIL0028 Rhynchosia minima Rhynchosia WAAPIL0028 Salsola australis Russian Tumbleweed WAAPIL0028 Sclerolaena cuneata Yellow Bindii WAAPIL0028 Sclerolaena deserticola WAAPIL0028 Sclerolaena lanicuspis Spinach Burr WAAPIL0028 Senna sp. Meekatharra (E. Bailey 1-26) WAAPIL0028 Sida sp. verrucose glands (F.H. Mollemans 2423) WAAPIL0028 Solanum lasiophyllum Flannel Bush WAAPIL0028 Trianthema triquetrum Red Spinach WAAPIL0028 Triodia sp. 'Spinifex' WAAPIL0028 Tripogon loliiformis Five Minute Grass WAAPIL0029 Abutilon fraseri Lantern Bush WAAPIL0029 Abutilon leucopetalum Desert Chinese Lantern WAAPIL0029 Abutilon macrum Slender Lantern-bush WAAPIL0029 Abutilon otocarpum Desert Chinese Lantern WAAPIL0029 Abutilon oxycarpum Flannel Weed WAAPIL0029 Acacia macraneura Big Pod Mulga WAAPIL0029 Acacia pyrifolia var. pyrifolia Fire Wattle
  • 23. 20 Plot name Herbarium determination Common name WA Cons. Code WAAPIL0029 Acacia sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma Limestone Wattle (preferred common name) WAAPIL0029 Acacia synchronicia Bardi Bush WAAPIL0029 Acacia tetragonophylla Kurara WAAPIL0029 *Aerva javanica Kapok Bush WAAPIL0029 Amyema fitzgeraldii Pincushion Mistletoe WAAPIL0029 Aristida contorta Bunched Kerosene Grass WAAPIL0029 Atalaya hemiglauca Whitewood WAAPIL0029 Bidens subalternans Greater Beggar's Ticks WAAPIL0029 Boerhavia coccinea Tar Vine WAAPIL0029 Calotis hispidula Bindy Eye WAAPIL0029 Capparis lasiantha Split Jack WAAPIL0029 Capparis spinosa var. nummularia Coastal Caper WAAPIL0029 Capparis umbonata Wild Orange WAAPIL0029 *Cenchrus ciliaris Buffel Grass WAAPIL0029 Convolvulus clementii Desert Bindweed WAAPIL0029 Corchorus lasiocarpus subsp. lasiocarpus WAAPIL0029 Dactyloctenium radulans Button Grass WAAPIL0029 Duperreya commixta WAAPIL0029 Enneapogon polyphyllus Leafy Nineawn WAAPIL0029 Eragrostis desertorum Desert Lovegrass WAAPIL0029 Eragrostis pergracilis Small Lovegrass WAAPIL0029 Eremophila youngii subsp. lepidota 4 WAAPIL0029 Eriachne mucronata Mountain Wanderrie Grass WAAPIL0029 Eucalyptus victrix Smooth-barked coolibah WAAPIL0029 Euphorbia tannensis subsp. eremophila Desert Spurge WAAPIL0029 Evolvulus alsinoides var. villosicalyx WAAPIL0029 Glycine canescens Silky Glycine WAAPIL0029 Gomphrena affinis subsp. pilbarensis WAAPIL0029 Gomphrena kanisii WAAPIL0029 Goodenia forrestii WAAPIL0029 Grevillea striata Beefwood WAAPIL0029 Hakea chordophylla Bootlace Oak WAAPIL0029 Hakea lorea subsp. lorea WAAPIL0029 Lepidium muelleri-ferdinandii WAAPIL0029 Lepidium oxytrichum Green Peppercress WAAPIL0029 Maireana planifolia Low Bluebush WAAPIL0029 *Malvastrum americanum Spiked Malvastrum WAAPIL0029 Melhania oblongifolia Velvet Hibiscus WAAPIL0029 Nicotiana occidentalis Native Tobacco WAAPIL0029 Poaceae - sterile WAAPIL0029 Ptilotus gomphrenoides
  • 24. 21 Plot name Herbarium determination Common name WA Cons. Code WAAPIL0029 Ptilotus macrocephalus Featherheads WAAPIL0029 Ptilotus nobilis subsp. nobilis Yellow Tails WAAPIL0029 Ptilotus obovatus Cotton Bush WAAPIL0029 Rhagodia eremaea Thorny Saltbush WAAPIL0029 Rhyncharrhena linearis Bush Bean WAAPIL0029 Rhynchosia minima Rhynchosia WAAPIL0029 Salsola australis Russian Tumbleweed WAAPIL0029 Santalum lanceolatum Northern Sandalwood WAAPIL0029 Sclerolaena cornishiana Cartwheel Burr WAAPIL0029 Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii Blunt-leaved Cassia WAAPIL0029 Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla Blunt-leaved Cassia WAAPIL0029 Senna glutinosa subsp x luerssenii WAAPIL0029 Senna sp. Meekatharra (E. Bailey 1-26) WAAPIL0029 *Setaria verticillata Whorled Pigeon Grass WAAPIL0029 Sida fibulifera Silver Sida WAAPIL0029 Solanum cleistogamum WAAPIL0029 Solanum lasiophyllum Flannel Bush WAAPIL0029 Sporobolus australasicus Fairy Grass WAAPIL0029 Triodia angusta WAAPIL0029 Urochloa occidentalis var. occidentalis WAAPIL0029 *Vachellia farnesiana Mimosa Bush WAAPIL0029 Zygophyllum simile White Twinleaf