SlideShare a Scribd company logo
“E-learning needs to do                           “The focus of this literacies
      more than improving                              approach[…] is on the students’
       access and learner                              background and prior experience
     control. It also needs to                         […] and familiarizing students
    improve the process and                            with the academic practices of
     outcomes of learning.”                            that subject area …”



           Student Experiences of E-learning
       “The only thing that Readings “… when associated with
       matters in education                                        learning and assessment,
         is the quality of                                          technologies are always
        what learners do”                                           sites of textual practice”


“It soon becomes clear that there is no homogenous      Goodfellow, Robin and Lea, Mary (2007).
 ‘net generation’. Universities and teachers should     Challenging E-Learning in the University: a
     not let themselves be conned by pundits into       Literacies Perspective. Maidenhead & New
                                                        York: McGraw Hill, Society for Research into
  believing that the incoming ‘digital natives’ know
                                                        Higher Education, Open University Press.
 what they need or that their needs are uniform or
   radically different from anything we have seen       Ellis, R.A. and Goodyear, P. (2010) Student
                        before.”                        experiences of e-learning in higher education:
                                                        the ecology of sustainable innovation. London:
                                                        RoutledgeFalmer
“Disciplines, by their nature,
     privilege some skills and ways of                    “The level at which
     knowing over others ….. Use of                       different subject
     subject-specific resources and web                   disciplines and their
     sites is evident across all the                      tutors recommended
     disciplines, but their use of tools                  using the web for
     varies and can be related to the                     research varied greatly”
     nature of the subject discipline”




“I search for what I need using Search Engines   Reading 1: Discipline and the e-
  and Wikipedia, and build up a list of things   learning experience
    that I need. I reference those through to
                                                  Conole, G., de Laat, M., Dillon, T., and
  Word, and send the file to my peers through    Darby, J. (2008) ‘Disruptive technologies’,
 IM, where I get feedback and additional info.   ‘pedagogical innovation’: What’s new?
  on what’s going on and how the things I’m      Findings from an in-depth study of
                                                 students’ use and perception of
    researching relate to the current area of    Technology. Computers & Education,
                       study”                    Volume 50, Issue 2, February 2008,
                                                 pp.511–524
“Participants in the
     study were found to                         “…exploring the practices
     interact with multiple                      of writing and reading and
     and hybrid digital texts                        the production and
     within and across both                      negotiation of digital texts
     curricular and digital                     that are involved in the day
     spheres”                                    to day business of being a
                                                          student ..”



“Their communication can be as informal as       Reading 2: Literacies and e-
the Instant Messenger communication              learning
suggests but the group reports they produce
have to comply with institutional and            Jones, S. and Lea, M. R. (2008)
                                                 “Digital Literacies in the Lives of
disciplinary conventions, engaging in a range    Undergraduate Students: Exploring
of practices common to the production of         Personal and Curricular Spheres of
academic texts”                                  Practice.” The Electronic Journal of
                                                 e-Learning Volume 6 Issue 3 2008,
                                                 pp. 207 - 216
“An important
     consideration in this                        “… for a number of
     discussion is student                        activities, the proportion
           equity.”                               of students who have
                                                  never used a particular
                                                  technology-based tool
                                                  outstripped those who
                                                  had.”
“It is increasingly recognised that while the
majority of incoming university students
possess a core set of technology based skills,
beyond those a diverse range of skills exist
across the student population [….] Moreover,      Reading 3: The net generation?

it is recognised that core technology based       Kennedy, G.E., Judd, T.S.,
skills do not necessarily translate into          Churchward, A., Gray, K., Krause, K.
sophisticated skills with other technologies or   (2008) First year students’
                                                  experiences with technology: Are they
general information literacy.”                    really digital natives? Australasian
                                                  Journal of Educational Technology
                                                  2008, 24(1), pp. 108-122

                                                                                      4
“…the growth of […] ‘blended
    “…students can learn                        learning’ in higher education has
    through reflecting deeply                   resulted in a need to devise new
    on the online submissions                   ways of measuring and
    made by others if they                      investigating qualitatively
    understand the purpose of                   different learning experiences of
    the activity and approach                   students when they are
    it in useful ways.”                         expected to follow a learning
                                                activity across different learning
                                                contexts.”



“Without understanding why they are
discussing, and how to approach the                 Reading 4: Conceptions and
                                                    approaches
discussions appropriately, in both face-to-
face and on-line contexts, students find it         ELLIS, R., GOODYEAR, P., O’HARA,
difficult to see the connections between the        A., PROSSER, M. (2007) The university
                                                    student experience of face-to-face and
discussions in class and online and what they       online discussions: coherence, reflection
are supposed to be learning.”                       and meaning. Research in Learning
                                                    Technology, North America, 15, mar.
                                                    2007
                                                                                           5
Learning Resource Metadata
Field/Element       Value:
Title               Student Experiences of E-learning - Readings
Description         Slides that could be used to introduce the four readings
Theme               Student Experiences of E-learning
Subject             HE - Education
Author              Jane Hughes & Colleen McKenna: HEDERA, 2012
Owner               The University of Bath
Audience            Educational developers in accredited programmes & courses in higher education.
Issue Date          20/04/2012
Last updated Date   28/07/2012
Version             Final – v1
PSF Mapping         A2, A4, K4
License             Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License.
                    ukoer, education, discthink, disciplinary thinking, hedera, university of bath, e-
Keywords            learning, learning technologies, student experience, TEL, technology-enhanced
                    learning, e-learning practices, digital literacies

                                                                                                         6

More Related Content

What's hot

Case-Based Learning on Web in Higher Education: A Review of Empirical Research
Case-Based Learning on Web in Higher Education: A Review of Empirical ResearchCase-Based Learning on Web in Higher Education: A Review of Empirical Research
Case-Based Learning on Web in Higher Education: A Review of Empirical Research
Danuucha Saleewong
 

What's hot (20)

Distance Learning: the 4th Generation
Distance Learning: the 4th GenerationDistance Learning: the 4th Generation
Distance Learning: the 4th Generation
 
Tcc keynote Hawaii april 2013
Tcc keynote Hawaii april 2013Tcc keynote Hawaii april 2013
Tcc keynote Hawaii april 2013
 
Yavelberg upgrading e-portfolios using Web 2.0 tools
Yavelberg upgrading e-portfolios using Web 2.0 toolsYavelberg upgrading e-portfolios using Web 2.0 tools
Yavelberg upgrading e-portfolios using Web 2.0 tools
 
It's hardly easy to be softly hard: freedom and control in learning spaces
It's hardly easy to be softly hard: freedom and control in learning spacesIt's hardly easy to be softly hard: freedom and control in learning spaces
It's hardly easy to be softly hard: freedom and control in learning spaces
 
Brainify&WizIQ_for_HigherEd.
Brainify&WizIQ_for_HigherEd.Brainify&WizIQ_for_HigherEd.
Brainify&WizIQ_for_HigherEd.
 
Theory and e-Learning
Theory and e-LearningTheory and e-Learning
Theory and e-Learning
 
E learning theory
E learning theoryE learning theory
E learning theory
 
Estonia E-Learning Conference 2011 - Tartu
Estonia E-Learning Conference 2011 - TartuEstonia E-Learning Conference 2011 - Tartu
Estonia E-Learning Conference 2011 - Tartu
 
Creating an Online Course Based on Elearning 2.0 Concepts
Creating an Online Course Based on Elearning 2.0 ConceptsCreating an Online Course Based on Elearning 2.0 Concepts
Creating an Online Course Based on Elearning 2.0 Concepts
 
Exploring the Use of Social Networking In the College Classroom
Exploring the Use of Social Networking In the College ClassroomExploring the Use of Social Networking In the College Classroom
Exploring the Use of Social Networking In the College Classroom
 
Confounding redundancy: LMS, Social Networks & E-portfolio Systems - Moodlemo...
Confounding redundancy: LMS, Social Networks & E-portfolio Systems - Moodlemo...Confounding redundancy: LMS, Social Networks & E-portfolio Systems - Moodlemo...
Confounding redundancy: LMS, Social Networks & E-portfolio Systems - Moodlemo...
 
Building Online See Resources
Building Online See ResourcesBuilding Online See Resources
Building Online See Resources
 
Theory For E Learning
Theory For E LearningTheory For E Learning
Theory For E Learning
 
Choosing Open (#GO_GN) - Openness and praxis: Using OEP in HE
Choosing Open (#GO_GN) - Openness and praxis: Using OEP in HEChoosing Open (#GO_GN) - Openness and praxis: Using OEP in HE
Choosing Open (#GO_GN) - Openness and praxis: Using OEP in HE
 
Edutec 2013 Costa Rica
Edutec 2013 Costa RicaEdutec 2013 Costa Rica
Edutec 2013 Costa Rica
 
Digitalization in Higher Education Knowledge Management
Digitalization in Higher Education Knowledge ManagementDigitalization in Higher Education Knowledge Management
Digitalization in Higher Education Knowledge Management
 
Active Learning in a Virtual Learning Environment by Dingcong & Baybay
Active Learning in a Virtual Learning Environment by Dingcong & BaybayActive Learning in a Virtual Learning Environment by Dingcong & Baybay
Active Learning in a Virtual Learning Environment by Dingcong & Baybay
 
Case-Based Learning on Web in Higher Education: A Review of Empirical Research
Case-Based Learning on Web in Higher Education: A Review of Empirical ResearchCase-Based Learning on Web in Higher Education: A Review of Empirical Research
Case-Based Learning on Web in Higher Education: A Review of Empirical Research
 
Thailand 2013 keynote
Thailand 2013 keynoteThailand 2013 keynote
Thailand 2013 keynote
 
Wordle digital literacy project
Wordle digital literacy projectWordle digital literacy project
Wordle digital literacy project
 

Similar to Readings on Student Experiences of E-Learning

Da presentation to email
Da presentation to emailDa presentation to email
Da presentation to email
mpickworth
 
Selected reading workshop by viv rowan
Selected reading workshop by viv rowanSelected reading workshop by viv rowan
Selected reading workshop by viv rowan
rowa0015
 
Conole Exeter Seminar
Conole Exeter SeminarConole Exeter Seminar
Conole Exeter Seminar
grainne
 

Similar to Readings on Student Experiences of E-Learning (20)

Online Learning and courses
Online Learning and coursesOnline Learning and courses
Online Learning and courses
 
Information Literacy and the future of learning
Information Literacy and the future of learningInformation Literacy and the future of learning
Information Literacy and the future of learning
 
NLC 2012
NLC 2012NLC 2012
NLC 2012
 
Networked Learning Conference 2012
Networked Learning Conference 2012 Networked Learning Conference 2012
Networked Learning Conference 2012
 
Hybrid online learning: An introduction
Hybrid online learning: An introductionHybrid online learning: An introduction
Hybrid online learning: An introduction
 
Hybrid online learning: An Introduction
Hybrid online learning: An IntroductionHybrid online learning: An Introduction
Hybrid online learning: An Introduction
 
Researching digital literacy
Researching digital literacy Researching digital literacy
Researching digital literacy
 
Julia myers powerpoint
Julia myers powerpointJulia myers powerpoint
Julia myers powerpoint
 
Connectivist And Connected Knowledge CCK09
Connectivist And Connected Knowledge CCK09Connectivist And Connected Knowledge CCK09
Connectivist And Connected Knowledge CCK09
 
Research into practice v1
Research into practice v1Research into practice v1
Research into practice v1
 
Building a Vibrant Future for School Librarians through Online Conversations ...
Building a Vibrant Future for School Librarians through Online Conversations ...Building a Vibrant Future for School Librarians through Online Conversations ...
Building a Vibrant Future for School Librarians through Online Conversations ...
 
Towards free-range Academic Practice
Towards free-range Academic Practice Towards free-range Academic Practice
Towards free-range Academic Practice
 
Da presentation to email
Da presentation to emailDa presentation to email
Da presentation to email
 
Course development by higher education partners of the OERu: Case studies us...
Course development by higher education partners of the OERu:  Case studies us...Course development by higher education partners of the OERu:  Case studies us...
Course development by higher education partners of the OERu: Case studies us...
 
Hitting the moving target: The transformation of information literacy instruc...
Hitting the moving target: The transformation of information literacy instruc...Hitting the moving target: The transformation of information literacy instruc...
Hitting the moving target: The transformation of information literacy instruc...
 
Three generations of Distance Education Pedagogy: Challenges and Opportunities
Three generations of  Distance Education Pedagogy: Challenges and OpportunitiesThree generations of  Distance Education Pedagogy: Challenges and Opportunities
Three generations of Distance Education Pedagogy: Challenges and Opportunities
 
Selected reading workshop by viv rowan
Selected reading workshop by viv rowanSelected reading workshop by viv rowan
Selected reading workshop by viv rowan
 
Conole Exeter Seminar
Conole Exeter SeminarConole Exeter Seminar
Conole Exeter Seminar
 
Secker Understanding the role of technology through the lens of openness
Secker  Understanding the role of technology through the lens of opennessSecker  Understanding the role of technology through the lens of openness
Secker Understanding the role of technology through the lens of openness
 
Pre service teachers and the relational construction of teaching knowledge
Pre service teachers and the relational construction of teaching knowledgePre service teachers and the relational construction of teaching knowledge
Pre service teachers and the relational construction of teaching knowledge
 

Recently uploaded

The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfThe Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
kaushalkr1407
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxStudents, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
 
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptx
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxInstructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptx
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptx
 
Salient features of Environment protection Act 1986.pptx
Salient features of Environment protection Act 1986.pptxSalient features of Environment protection Act 1986.pptx
Salient features of Environment protection Act 1986.pptx
 
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfThe Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
 
50 ĐỀ LUYỆN THI IOE LỚP 9 - NĂM HỌC 2022-2023 (CÓ LINK HÌNH, FILE AUDIO VÀ ĐÁ...
50 ĐỀ LUYỆN THI IOE LỚP 9 - NĂM HỌC 2022-2023 (CÓ LINK HÌNH, FILE AUDIO VÀ ĐÁ...50 ĐỀ LUYỆN THI IOE LỚP 9 - NĂM HỌC 2022-2023 (CÓ LINK HÌNH, FILE AUDIO VÀ ĐÁ...
50 ĐỀ LUYỆN THI IOE LỚP 9 - NĂM HỌC 2022-2023 (CÓ LINK HÌNH, FILE AUDIO VÀ ĐÁ...
 
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptxSupporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
 
NCERT Solutions Power Sharing Class 10 Notes pdf
NCERT Solutions Power Sharing Class 10 Notes pdfNCERT Solutions Power Sharing Class 10 Notes pdf
NCERT Solutions Power Sharing Class 10 Notes pdf
 
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptxChapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
 
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdfHome assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
 
Danh sách HSG Bộ môn cấp trường - Cấp THPT.pdf
Danh sách HSG Bộ môn cấp trường - Cấp THPT.pdfDanh sách HSG Bộ môn cấp trường - Cấp THPT.pdf
Danh sách HSG Bộ môn cấp trường - Cấp THPT.pdf
 
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with MechanismOverview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
 
Sha'Carri Richardson Presentation 202345
Sha'Carri Richardson Presentation 202345Sha'Carri Richardson Presentation 202345
Sha'Carri Richardson Presentation 202345
 
UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...
UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...
UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...
 
Fish and Chips - have they had their chips
Fish and Chips - have they had their chipsFish and Chips - have they had their chips
Fish and Chips - have they had their chips
 
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
 
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
 
MARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptx
MARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptxMARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptx
MARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptx
 
PART A. Introduction to Costumer Service
PART A. Introduction to Costumer ServicePART A. Introduction to Costumer Service
PART A. Introduction to Costumer Service
 
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS Module
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleHow to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS Module
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS Module
 
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptxThe approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
 

Readings on Student Experiences of E-Learning

  • 1. “E-learning needs to do “The focus of this literacies more than improving approach[…] is on the students’ access and learner background and prior experience control. It also needs to […] and familiarizing students improve the process and with the academic practices of outcomes of learning.” that subject area …” Student Experiences of E-learning “The only thing that Readings “… when associated with matters in education learning and assessment, is the quality of technologies are always what learners do” sites of textual practice” “It soon becomes clear that there is no homogenous Goodfellow, Robin and Lea, Mary (2007). ‘net generation’. Universities and teachers should Challenging E-Learning in the University: a not let themselves be conned by pundits into Literacies Perspective. Maidenhead & New York: McGraw Hill, Society for Research into believing that the incoming ‘digital natives’ know Higher Education, Open University Press. what they need or that their needs are uniform or radically different from anything we have seen Ellis, R.A. and Goodyear, P. (2010) Student before.” experiences of e-learning in higher education: the ecology of sustainable innovation. London: RoutledgeFalmer
  • 2. “Disciplines, by their nature, privilege some skills and ways of “The level at which knowing over others ….. Use of different subject subject-specific resources and web disciplines and their sites is evident across all the tutors recommended disciplines, but their use of tools using the web for varies and can be related to the research varied greatly” nature of the subject discipline” “I search for what I need using Search Engines Reading 1: Discipline and the e- and Wikipedia, and build up a list of things learning experience that I need. I reference those through to Conole, G., de Laat, M., Dillon, T., and Word, and send the file to my peers through Darby, J. (2008) ‘Disruptive technologies’, IM, where I get feedback and additional info. ‘pedagogical innovation’: What’s new? on what’s going on and how the things I’m Findings from an in-depth study of students’ use and perception of researching relate to the current area of Technology. Computers & Education, study” Volume 50, Issue 2, February 2008, pp.511–524
  • 3. “Participants in the study were found to “…exploring the practices interact with multiple of writing and reading and and hybrid digital texts the production and within and across both negotiation of digital texts curricular and digital that are involved in the day spheres” to day business of being a student ..” “Their communication can be as informal as Reading 2: Literacies and e- the Instant Messenger communication learning suggests but the group reports they produce have to comply with institutional and Jones, S. and Lea, M. R. (2008) “Digital Literacies in the Lives of disciplinary conventions, engaging in a range Undergraduate Students: Exploring of practices common to the production of Personal and Curricular Spheres of academic texts” Practice.” The Electronic Journal of e-Learning Volume 6 Issue 3 2008, pp. 207 - 216
  • 4. “An important consideration in this “… for a number of discussion is student activities, the proportion equity.” of students who have never used a particular technology-based tool outstripped those who had.” “It is increasingly recognised that while the majority of incoming university students possess a core set of technology based skills, beyond those a diverse range of skills exist across the student population [….] Moreover, Reading 3: The net generation? it is recognised that core technology based Kennedy, G.E., Judd, T.S., skills do not necessarily translate into Churchward, A., Gray, K., Krause, K. sophisticated skills with other technologies or (2008) First year students’ experiences with technology: Are they general information literacy.” really digital natives? Australasian Journal of Educational Technology 2008, 24(1), pp. 108-122 4
  • 5. “…the growth of […] ‘blended “…students can learn learning’ in higher education has through reflecting deeply resulted in a need to devise new on the online submissions ways of measuring and made by others if they investigating qualitatively understand the purpose of different learning experiences of the activity and approach students when they are it in useful ways.” expected to follow a learning activity across different learning contexts.” “Without understanding why they are discussing, and how to approach the Reading 4: Conceptions and approaches discussions appropriately, in both face-to- face and on-line contexts, students find it ELLIS, R., GOODYEAR, P., O’HARA, difficult to see the connections between the A., PROSSER, M. (2007) The university student experience of face-to-face and discussions in class and online and what they online discussions: coherence, reflection are supposed to be learning.” and meaning. Research in Learning Technology, North America, 15, mar. 2007 5
  • 6. Learning Resource Metadata Field/Element Value: Title Student Experiences of E-learning - Readings Description Slides that could be used to introduce the four readings Theme Student Experiences of E-learning Subject HE - Education Author Jane Hughes & Colleen McKenna: HEDERA, 2012 Owner The University of Bath Audience Educational developers in accredited programmes & courses in higher education. Issue Date 20/04/2012 Last updated Date 28/07/2012 Version Final – v1 PSF Mapping A2, A4, K4 License Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License. ukoer, education, discthink, disciplinary thinking, hedera, university of bath, e- Keywords learning, learning technologies, student experience, TEL, technology-enhanced learning, e-learning practices, digital literacies 6

Editor's Notes

  1. These slides introduce the readings and activities in the ‘Disciplinary Thinking’ resource, Student Experiences of E-learning – Readings. The resource consists of a collection of readings on student experiences of e-learning, together with questions intended to prompt reflection and discussion. The readings represent different ways of looking at the student experience and are labelled: Discipline and the e-learning experience ; Literacies and e-learning ; The net generation? and Conceptions and approaches . All of them are openly available, either in open access journals or elsewhere online. The slides would not be needed by an individual learner but might be useful if the readings were being introduced in a workshop. The quotations on this slide are from two books that influenced the choice of reading and are recommended further reading. Goodfellow and Lea (2007) look at the student experience and practices in terms of literacies. Reading 2 (Jones & Lea, 2008) is an example of this approach. Ellis and Goodyear (2010) view the student experience as part of an ecology; they do not separate “students” and “environment”, but view the university as a kind of eco system in which people are part of the environment. The book contains a review of data from a number of large surveys of student experiences. Reading 3 (Kennedy, 2008) is a report on such a survey in one institution. The other two readings: Reading 1 (Conole et al., 2008) c onsiders disciplinary differences in students’ digital practices. Reading 4 (Ellis et al., 2007) sits in the tradition in which student conceptions of and/or approaches to their learning are investigated in relation to the quality of their learning. The focus here is on students’ approaches to online and face-to-face discussion. Suggested questions are included in the resource but you may wish to substitute alternative questions to suit your context or area of interest. The resource ends with a suggestion for a short piece of writing which could perhaps contribute to a portfolio for assessment.   The next four slides just show details of the readings with quotations from each of them.