The document discusses various techniques for selecting and organizing information, emphasizing strategies like brainstorming, outlining, and using graphic organizers to enhance comprehension and cognitive processing. It provides examples of different graphic organizers suitable for various contexts, such as problem-solution maps and concept maps, while also highlighting the importance of clear communication patterns in writing and speaking. Additionally, the text includes pre-tests and activities aimed at assessing understanding of these techniques and their practical applications.

1. Selecting
and
Organizing
Information

2. PRE-TEST
1. Carlo and his groupmates are coming up with a project proposal
to help curb the spread of the COVID-19 disease in their
barangay. He facilitated the discussion and a lot of ideas were
generated from his groupmates. After careful analysis, the group
selected the most appropriate project the group will enact. What
technique in generating and selecting information is involved in
this situation?
a. Outlining c. Summarizing
b. Brainstorming d. Using Graphic Organizer

3. PRE-TEST
2. The teacher orders the class president to prepare a graphical list of
their newly elected class officers. What is the most appropriate
graphic organizer should the class president use?
a. A network tree to show the hierarchy within the organization
b. A problem-solution map to outline the challenges faced by the
officers
c. A sequential episodic map to illustrate the voting process they
undertook
d. A descriptive or thematic map to show the names and functions of
the officers.

4. PRE-TEST
3. What is NOT a correct description of outlining?
a. Outlining shows the relationship among ideas in your writing
b. Outlining constructs an ordered overview of your writing
c. Outlining presents your material in an illogical form
d. Outlining defines boundaries and groups

5. PRE-TEST
4. Which is not a basic feature of an outline?
a. Subordination
b. Multiplication
c. Parallelism
d. Coordination

6. PRE-TEST
5. The following describe the importance of carefully choosing the
techniques in organizing information, EXCEPT:
a. It clarifies or simplifies complex information
b. It helps to recognize patterns and compare perspectives
c. It helps to avoid the messy but important work of surfacing key
insights or conceptual understanding
d. It constructs understanding through an exploration of the
relationship between concepts

7. • Use of strategies in selecting and organizing
information like brainstorming, using graphic
organizers, and outlining facilitates cognitive
processes and improves comprehension.
• As vital tools for active learning and deeper
understanding of content, it is important to be
able to break down bigger ideas into smaller,
simpler representations that are easily
comprehensible.
Selecting and Organizing
Information

8. • a technique to generate ideas within a
group or individual setting.
• provides a quick means for tapping the
ideas and concepts of an individual or of a
group
• helps establish patterns and develop
relationship among these concepts
1. Brainstorming

9. • Start by listing down broad topics then go
on by identifying related, narrower topics.
A. Idea List

10. • Begin by writing the main concept at the
middle and then adding more branches for
its subtopics. Explore more topics by adding
more branches.
B. Concept Map

11. • Outlines serve as a road map or blueprint
when writing. It helps organize the ideas as
it shows the hierarchical relationship or
logical ordering of information.
2. Outlining

12. a. Topic outline – uses words or phrases as
headings, without punctuation
b. Sentence outline – uses full sentences
Two Ways to Outline:

13. a. Parallelism – putting
the words in the same
grammatical order
(parallel grammatical
structure)
Four Principles in Creating an
Effective Outline:

14. b. Coordination – arranging ideas
according to their value or
importance; ideas of the of the
same relevance or value are
labeled in the same way;
Four Principles in Creating an
Effective Outline:

15. c. Subordination – arranging
ideas in levels of significance:
major and minor
Four Principles in Creating an
Effective Outline:

16. d. Division – separating the
kinds of points you are
making by using a
consistent basis of
division and distinction
Four Principles in Creating an
Effective Outline:

17. • Visual and graphic displays that show the
relationships among concepts or ideas.
• There are many different kinds of graphic
organizers depending on the type of
information being organized.
3. Using Graphic Organizers

18. • portraying specific
information or themes
about a particular area.
• designed to convey
patterns, trends, or spatial
relationships related to the
theme they represent,
making them useful for
analysis, decision-making,
and research.
1. Descriptive or Thematic Map

19. • represent and structure
complex information in a
hierarchical or
interconnected manner.
• organizes elements into a
tree-like structure, where
each node or branch
represents a concept, idea,
or entity, and the
connections between
them indicate their
relationships.
2. Network Tree

20. • illustrate the steps or
processes involved in
identifying and solving a
problem.
• organizes the problem,
possible solutions, and
their outcomes in a
structured way, providing a
clear overview of how to
approach and resolve an
issue.
3. Problem and Solution Map

21. • organizes the similarities
and differences between
the items in a grid or table
format, making it easier to
analyze and evaluate them
side by side.
• helps highlight key
distinctions,
commonalities, and
relative strengths or
weaknesses.
4. Compare-Contrast Matrix

22. • or Ishikawa diagram, used for
identifying the potential causes of a
specific problem.
• helps in organizing and categorizing
various factors that may contribute
to an issue, making it easier to
analyze and find solutions.
• resembles a fish's skeleton, with a
central "spine" representing the
main problem, and "bones"
extending out to represent different
categories of causes.
5. Fishbone Map

23. • used to clearly present a problem
and its potential solutions in an
organized manner
• helps in breaking down the problem,
exploring various solutions, and
detailing the steps necessary to
resolve the issue
• serves as a guide to methodically
approach the problem and can be
used in presentations, reports, or
planning sessions.
6. Problem-Solution Outline

24. 1. The World Health Organization reports that the healthcare
system in the Philippines is “fragmented” (WHO, 2018).
An unequal access to health care services are experienced
by the poor. Create an idea list of ways on how the
government could reduce health inequities and provide
more access to quality healthcare services among the
poor and disadvantaged group.
2. You are planning to write an essay about the most urgent
health-related concerns in your barangay. This as the main
topic, create a concept map that illustrates the causes,
effects and preventive measures against every concern
identified
Activity

25. Comparing and
Contrasting
Patterns of
written Texts
Across Discipline

26. • with your family members and circle of friends, you are
using different patterns in order to convey your thoughts,
feelings and ideas.
• You use a specific pattern when telling about a particular
experience, when describing your favorite pet, when
instructing a friend how to shop online and even when you
reason out if asked why pursuing senior high school is
important.
• However, since speaking, reading and writing are three
different macro skills, you might find it troublesome
identifying the pattern of the given text across disciplines.
In your everyday convo…

27. Comparing and
Contrasting
Patterns of
written Texts
Across Discipline

37. •Weather and Traffic
•Cause: A heavy rainstorm (because) visibility
decreased and the roads became slippery.
•Effect: As a result, traffic slowed down and accidents
occurred.
Examples:

38. Health and Lifestyle:
•Cause: Eating unhealthy foods regularly (leads to) weight
gain and health problems.
•Effect: Consequently, individuals may develop conditions like
heart disease or diabetes.
Examples:

46. Apples vs. Oranges
•Similarities: Likewise, both apples and oranges are fruits that
are widely consumed and provide essential vitamins. Both are
rich in vitamin C, which helps boost the immune system.
•Differences: However, apples are generally crisp and sweet,
while oranges are juicy and tangy. In contrast, apples are
often eaten raw, but oranges are typically peeled before
eating.
Examples:

47. Cats vs. Dogs
•Similarities: Equally, both cats and dogs are domesticated
animals and are among the most popular pets worldwide.
Both require regular care and attention from their owners.
•Differences: On the other hand, cats tend to be more
independent and require less attention, whereas dogs are
more social and enjoy interaction with their owners.
Examples:

58. Beach:
•Golden sands
•Crystal-clear waters
•Gentle crashing waves
•Salty ocean breeze
•Distant seagull calls
Examples:

59. City:
•Busy streets
•Bright neon lights
•Towering skyscrapers
•Constant hum of traffic
•Vibrant nightlife
Examples:

64. 1. Characters
•Little Red Riding Hood: The protagonist, a young girl who is
kind but naive.
•The Wolf: The antagonist, a dangerous predator that
deceives Little Red Riding Hood.
•The Grandmother: A secondary character who is kidnapped
by the wolf.
•The Woodsman: A secondary character who saves the day by
killing the wolf.
Examples:

65. 2. Setting
The story takes place in a forest and a small cottage, likely in a
rural, fairy tale-like world. The time is not specified, but it
suggests an earlier, more innocent time when forests were
mysterious and dangerous.
Examples:

66. 3. Plot
•Exposition: Little Red Riding Hood is asked by her mother to deliver food
to her sick grandmother, who lives in a cottage in the woods.
•Rising Action: On her way through the woods, Little Red Riding Hood
meets the wolf, who tricks her into revealing where her grandmother lives.
•Climax: The wolf reaches the grandmother’s house first, eats her, and
disguises himself as the grandmother to deceive Little Red Riding Hood.
•Falling Action: Little Red Riding Hood notices the wolf’s strange
appearance and realizes something is wrong.
•Resolution: The woodsman arrives just in time to kill the wolf and rescue
Little Red Riding Hood and her grandmother.
Examples:

67. 4. Point of View
The story is typically told from a third-person limited point of view,
focusing on Little Red Riding Hood's experience and what she sees and
knows.
5. Theme
The central theme is danger and trust. The story teaches the importance
of listening to warnings and the potential consequences of trusting
strangers.
Examples:

68. 6. Tone
The tone of the story is serious with moments of tension, particularly
when the wolf is disguised as the grandmother. The lightheartedness of
Little Red Riding Hood's innocence contrasts with the danger presented by
the wolf.
7. Style
The style is simple and direct, appropriate for a fairy tale intended to
convey a moral lesson. The language is straightforward, with a focus on
the actions of the characters and the conflict at hand.
Examples:

69. 8. Conflict
The main conflict is external: Little Red Riding Hood versus the wolf. The
wolf’s deception and malicious intent create a dangerous situation for
Little Red Riding Hood and her grandmother. There is also an internal
conflict for Little Red Riding Hood when she questions the wolf’s odd
behavior, though she is initially too trusting.
Examples:

74. "Dr. John Smith, a board-certified cardiologist with over 20
years of experience in heart health, recommends using this
supplement to support heart function.“
In this case, Dr. Smith's professional qualifications and
experience lend credibility to the product, making the
audience more likely to trust the endorsement.
Examples:

76. "Studies have shown that 90% of people who exercise
regularly have a lower risk of heart disease. By exercising for
just 30 minutes a day, you can reduce your risk by up to 50%.“
This statement uses logical reasoning and statistical evidence
to persuade the audience by appealing to their sense of
reason.
Examples:

78. "Imagine the heartbreak of seeing your child struggle with
hunger every day. By donating just $10 a month, you can
provide meals for children in need and give them a brighter
future.“
This statement appeals to the emotions of compassion and
empathy, aiming to move the audience emotionally to take
action.
Examples:

82. Situation: Urban areas, like Los Angeles, suffer from high
levels of air pollution due to traffic.
Problem: Air pollution causes serious health issues,
including asthma, and harms the environment.
Solution: Implement stricter vehicle emissions standards
and promote electric cars and public transportation.
Evaluation: This approach has improved air quality in
cities like Copenhagen. While costly initially, the long-term
health and environmental benefits make it worthwhile.
Examples:

83. Write one paragraph for each of the following patterns of
development. Choose from the list of topics given.
Activity
Patterns of Development Topics
Descriptive Pattern Your dream house
Your favorite place
Local tourist spot
Persuasion Should we legalize divorce?
Should the Anti- terrorism bill
be approved?
Problem- solution Traffic jam in Manila
Flooding in the cities

84. Four Properties
of Written Texts

106. • Proper nouns:
• Days of the week:
• Months of the year:
• Specific course titles:
• Kinship names used in place of personal names:
• Historical periods, events, documents:

107. Read the essay entitled “Exploring the Best Tourist Spots in the
Philippines”, then, identify 20 errors in spelling, capitalization, and
punctuation.
Activity:

108. Thank
You!