This document discusses basic concepts of process scheduling in operating systems. It explains that scheduling is a fundamental OS function and that process execution involves cycles of CPU execution and I/O wait. The objectives of multi-programming are to have some process always running to maximize CPU utilization by switching the CPU among processes, which is the basis of multi-programmed operating systems. The CPU scheduler selects processes from the ready queue to run on the CPU, while the dispatcher gives control of the CPU to the selected process.

1. PROCESS SCHEDULING BASIC CONCEPTS
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2. Scheduling is a fundamental operating system function.
Process execution consists of a cycle of CPU execution and I/O wait.
I/O bound program have short CPU burst.
CPU bound program have very long CPU burst.
BASIC CONCEPTS OF PROCESS SCHEDULING

3. The objectives of multi programming is to have some process
running at all time, in order to maximize CPU utilization.
By switching the CPU among processes, the operating system can
make the computer more productive.
CPU scheduling is the basis of multi programmed operating systems.
OBJECTIVIES OF MULTIPROGRAMMING

4. “CPU Scheduler” select one of the processes in the ready queue.“CPU Scheduler” select one of the processes in the ready queue.
CPU SCHEDULERCPU SCHEDULER

5. “Dispatcher” gives control of the CPU to the process.
DISPATCHER

6. “Dispatcher Latency Time” – The time it takes, for the
dispatcher to stop one process and start another running.
DISPATCH LATENCY TIME