Village Micro-Plan for Janakpur, Bolangir

1. MICRO PLAN
ANALYSIS
- Janakpur village,
Bolangir

2. About the village
 20 Kms away from the District Headquarters
 Located in the Bidighat GP
 Abundant in Forest resources – Depletion of it is a major problem
Statistics
Sex ratio of 1009.48
84 no. of households
162 between age groups 19-49, followed by 50+ (71)
Other Keywords – Malaria, blind belief, Monsoon dependent agriculture

3. 1.
Infrastructure and Development
Plan

4. Infrastructure and development aspects - Roads
FACILITIES PRESENT
 All weather pucca road
connects village with
metalled road which is
at a distance of 1 km.
 Bus facility available
throughout the year
with stoppage in near
by village.
 Railway station at a
distance of 22 kms and
6 trains stop at the
point.
PROBLEMS
 Lack of metaled road in
the village.
 Villager has to walk
long distance in order
to avail bus facility as
bus stoppage is in
another village.
SOLUTIONS
 Upgradation of existing
all weather pucca road
into metalled road.
 Need of a bus stop near
the village, so that
villagers could easily
avail this facility.

5. Infrastructure and development aspects – Power and Communication
FACILITIES PRESENT
 Village has 7 legal power
connection and
electricity is available for
average 10 hours daily.
 Private biogas plant
available in the village.
 Post office which is
frequently used by
villagers is located at
distance of 2 kms only.
PROBLEMS
 5 illegal power
connections present
in the village.
 No power connection
to agriculture.
 Not even a single
telephone connection
in the village.
SOLUTIONS
 Illegal power connections
should be removed
 Electrification of wells
should be done, to upgrade
irrigation facility, as 43
households are primarily
involved in agriculture.
 Telephone connection
should be installed in the
village

6. Infrastructure and development aspects – Housing
 FACILITIES PRESENT
 94.05% households have used own land
for construction of their houses
 Rest constructed their houses on
others’ land.
 Percentage distribution of Kuccha,
Pucca and Mud & Brick houses:
Kuccha houses- 45.24%
Mud & Brick houses- 44.05%
Pucca houses- 10.71%
ALTERNATIVE
Schemes like Indira Awas
Yojana should be
implemented effectively as
89.29% households does not
have pucca houses.

7. 2.
Land and Agriculture
Development Plan

8. Land development
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
107.15121
4.8 20.55
82.6
35.11
25
326.31
386.31
17.5
STs - Lowest Per Capita Land Holding
14 Households Are Agri-labourers
Paddy is the major crop
CATEGORY HOUSEHOLD AREA(IN ACRES)
SC 1 2
ST 22 33.2
OBC 57 139.5
GC 4 75

9. Land Development – Problem Areas
 Small patches of land scattered are
not economical to cultivate.
 Old techniques of cultivation
 Lack of scientific knowledge
 Soil Erosion leading to infertile land
 Sole dependency on rainfall

10. Land Development – Potential Solutions
 Use of advanced science
technology
 Barren land to be used for
plantation
 Use of more cash crops like
 Cereals, Oilseeds, Cotton,
Sugarcane
 Irrigation facilities - Bhungroo

11. Agriculture development
 Village has >50% cultivation land but
almost whole area remain fallow
 No irrigation facility hence confined to grow
only few crops that is in kharif season
 Less cultivable area for cash crops
 Farmer still depends on old farming
techniques
 Bring more land under cultivation
 Better use of fallow lands
 Tree plantation and Fruits plantation
 Introduce new farming techniques to
improve agriculture
 Regular check the soil erosion and Water
supply during dry season
 Contribution of private agencies in
agriculture
Problems Project Planning and Proposal

12. 3.
Watershed Development

13. Watershed & Irrigation
 Area- Sloppy, good for developing water harvesting structure
 More than 376 WDP are operational
 Area/patch wise treatment has been of prime importance that ensures
vegetation coverage
 Gully plugging, check dams, contour bunds, percolation tanks, farm ponds
etc. along with Horticulture cropping, Forestry coverage as part of
catchment area treatment ensures durability of the structures.
 SHGs help- Watersheds owned by communities. Helped in mobilizing people.

14. Watershed & Irrigation
✘ Solutions
• Formation of ‘Pani Panchayats’
• Rejuvenation of existing three ponds
• Construction of small check dams
• Digging new wells under million well scheme and ‘Swa-Jaldhara’
Scheme.
✘ Benefits
• Result in increase in gross area sown-more land can be
brought under cultivation
• Increase in total production and increase in fertility of soil
• Watershed structures can be used for Pisciculture. Provide
employment to few people. Availability of cheap fish allow
people to add to their food basket.

15. 5.
Development of Livestock

16. Livestock Development
 The forest development committee, village development committee and the
panchayat would come together to mobilize community to employ their labor and
resources for deciding on the effective utilization of the pasture land
 As an alternative use, the pasture land can be leased for growing fodder.
 To instill the dairy farming option in the village through a milk cooperative
 Easily assessable and affordable veterinary services to be provided near the village
 Cooperative would handle the dairy and also it’s members (medical assistance)
 Forward Linkages : Inclusion of OMFED

17. Livestock Development – An Analysis
Problem Area Probable Solutions
Negligence towards livestock rearing Creating awareness about the benefits which
can be availed as an alternative source of
income.
Unutilized Pasture land Can be utilized to be stables or shelters for the
livestock
Sale of livestock at low prices A local middleman could be appointed by the
Panchayat to facilitate the marketing process so
that the villagers get a better bargain
Lack in Public services related to animal health Building a new veterinary clinic nearer to the
village, Also vets should be easily available and
properly trained
No access to the milk market Creation of a cooperative whose majority of the
stake would be with the villagers to ensure
transparency.

18. Why Livestock Development Plan could fail?
✘ All the points in the plan are inter-related, the failure of one would lead to the
subsequent failure of the other
✘ Dairy farming will need some investment, villagers might not be willing to pay for it
✘Villagers lack marketing skills, no mention of a representative who would facilitate it
✘ With respect to the forward linkages, including OMFED would involve some investment
which the villages may not unwilling to pay
✘ No mention of villages being a part of the milk cooperative, which may question the
transparency of the system

19. 6.
Industry and Markets

20. Industry – an insight
 Village rich in forest resources
 Small scale industries are not flourished
 Both off-farm and non-farm sectors are not developed
 Poor capital base, Lack of entrepreneurship, Under developed off-
farm and non-farm sectors ,Lack of technical skills are the major
problems prevailing in the market

21. Industry – an Analysis
Problem Area Probable Solutions
Poor capital base Government could set up an Rural Regional Bank
to benefit the village and the neighboring areas as
well
Lack of entrepreneurship Setting up of Entrepreneurship workshops. Also,
creating a body which would take care of the
business related aspect
Under developed off-farm and non-farm sectors Searching for alternative livelihood option.
Government giving more focus on its development
as the village has rich forest resources
Lack of technical skills Workshops for skill development. Ministry of skill
development and Entrepreneurship would come
into play

22. Institutions that could improve the situation of
Industries in the village
 National Skill Development Agency (NSDA) - co-ordinate and harmonize the
skill development activities
 Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship (IIE) - To promote and develop
entrepreneurship
 National Institute of Entrepreneurship and Small Business
Development (NIESBD) - engaged in Training, Consultancy, Research and
Publication, in order to promote entrepreneurship
 Various Microfinance Companies and RRBs

23. 7.
Plan For Employment

24. Employment – Current Status
Primary Category
SC ST OBC General TOTAL
Cultivation 0 5 37 1 43
Wage
Earner
1 15 16 0 32
Agri- Labour 0 0 0 0 0
Artisan 0 0 1 1 2
Business 0 1 2 1 4
Service 0 1 1 1 3
TOTAL 1 22 57 4 84

25. Employment - Problems
 Lean period for people involved in agriculture is 7 months( Jan-Aug)
 79 Households are involved agriculture, as primary or secondary
 Unemployment in the lean period .
 24 educated unemployed people in the village.
 Average annual income for BPL households under Rs.15000.
 Absence of Varied income sources leads to migration.
 Employment status is dependent on season.

26. EMPLOYMENT
Objectives Strategies & Benefits
 180 days of Employment for people
engaged in agricultural sector.
 Promotion of Pisciculture as a livelihood
 Provide Vocational training to the
educated people.
 New Employment Opportunities in
diversified field.
 Promoting Non- Farm sector activities.
 Collaborating with Agri input companies
 Agriculture Development Plan & Watershed
Development plan will help in facilitating 180
days employment
 Horticulture being labour intensive, will lead
to a rise in the demand for labours.
 Watershed structures can be used for
Pisciculture..
 Construction of road will enable other
businesses to flourish. SHGs can be linked
with SGSY.
 Reduction in the cost of procurement of raw
materials in agri sector.

27. 8.
Social Infrastructure
Plan

28. Social Infrastructure - Education
The Problems faced
• Ratio of no. of classrooms
per standard less than 1
• Only 2 teachers for 5
standards
• Girls engaged in economic
activities
• Monitoring & Supervision is
below standard
• No access to reading
material
• Poor economic status
Solutions
 As DESP, a centrally sponsored scheme which was launched
in the district in 1996-97 with the mission to achieve
“Universalisation of Primary Education” has to be linked with
in Janakpur. As it focuses on monitoring and planning
development initiatives it can lead to:
 per enrolment of all school going age children
 Providing quality education
 Infrastructure development of the School
 Establish a symbiotic relationship between the school and
the community
 The educated youth of the village could be appointed as
Para teachers by Gramsabha and Gram Panchayat.

29. Social Infrastructure – Health and Sanitation
People are suffering from some common
diseases due to:
• The use of unhygienic water
• No P.H.C, private doctor nearby. Travel
12kms
• No general medical shop. Nearest 6kms.
Ayurvedic shop- 3kms
Objectives:
• To provide the essential health care
services to villagers in proper time within
reach
• To capacitate and train the village quack
o handle more problems
Solutions:
• Village quack needs to be given proper training
• Open well need to be covered and treated with
chemicals
• The Gram Sabha should be given the authority to
keep a check on the visits of doctors at regular
interval
• Mobile clinics can be set up.
• Awareness drives set up
• Monthly Health camps

30. Social Infrastructure – Safe Drinking Water
Unavailability of safe drinking water leads
to most of the health problem. Therefore
water treatment becomes a necessity. The
objectives are:
 To ensure accessibility of safe and
adequate drinking water to the
community during all seasons.
 To generate community awareness
about the importance of water
conservation and ways to achieve that.
 To increase the no. of water harvesting
structures which would result in
increase water table.
Solutions:
• Water treatment in open wells
• Covering open wells
• Developing water harvesting structures
• Linking with government schemes: Installation
of hand pumps in the village

31. 9.
Prioritization of Schedules

32. Physical Infrastructure Development
Concentrating on creation of metalled road by linking with PMGSY
Trickle down effect on market, social infrastructure, livelihoods etc
Emergence of new verticals in livelihoods
Jobs like drivers, bus conductors, labour can flourish
Power and communication
Extending electric lines to fields through WESCO, Village and Government
Communication necessary to rapid up plans related to other development and contact with
city

33. Land Development Plan
 Panchayat’s role of utmost importance
Cultivable wasteland into cultivation, levelling of land etc
 Barren land
Increased interaction with forest committee to legalise barren land to sell it for commercial
purposes
 Permanent Pasture
Largest area (82.70 hectares) – important for development and forest plan

34. Agriculture, Watershed and Development Plans
Emphasis on irrigation
Gram panchayat’s co-operation with numerous schemes like EAS, IWDP, DPAP, ACA,
WORLP and Haryali
Spread more awareness regarding “Jalchhaya Diwas”
Increased concentration on pulses
Only perennial crop, produce of 2 quintals in 5 acres compared to 10-12 quintals in 200
acres of paddy
Cash crops
Sugarcane, cotton, oilseeds – 10 quintals in 20 acres.
Building of marketing institutions
Alliance with Orissa State co-operative Act, 2001.

35. Plan for Development of Social Infrastructure
Panchayat’s role in implementing DPEP at grassroot level
Involvement of three in formal and non formal education center for all classes, active
involvement
Housing
Grievance redressal of people who were supposed to have pucca houses under IAS, IAS (up-
gradation)
Health
Medicine shops, PHC
Following up with Employment and Market Plans
Linking with SGSY and setting up of markets beneficial for the village for e.g.. setting up of
marketing institutions

36. Individual Beneficiary Plan
 Two educated unemployed to co-ordinate with the Panchayat for
accomplishing targets
 Involvement of widows and destitute women to form SHGs and
produce items like handicraft

37. Settlement Plan
Growth centres are develop to improve
socio economic condition.
The main factors influencing the rural
settlements are :
 Population
 Nature of the topography
 Local weather conditions
 Quality of the soil
 Nature of surface and sub-surface water
 Pattern of landholding
 Social organization
For settlement plan following exercises have
to be done
 Grouping of function in different
hierarchical level
 Identification of different order growth
centre

38. Settlement Plan
 Need for reconstruction of hierarchical settlement plan
Some categories more important than others e.g. high school (as primary school already
exists)
 Data inefficient
 No member actually exists

39. thanks!
Bipasha Ghosh
Nandini Singh
Ratikanta Nayak
Sampad Acharya
Satish Chandra Tiyu
Shashank Guwalani
Shreyan Laha
Swati Mohanty
Any questions?