Ransomware is malware that locks devices or encrypts files to extort money in return for access. It is a growing threat for businesses. The document provides 11 steps to prevent ransomware infections, including regularly backing up important data, keeping software updated, training employees, and using security software with features like LiveGrid cloud protection. It also advises what to do if devices are already infected, recommending against paying ransoms.
Hospitals, school districts, state and local governments, law enforcement agencies, small businesses, large businesses—these are just some of the entities impacted recently by ransomware, an insidious type of malware that encrypts, or locks, valuable digital files and demands a ransom to release them. And, of course, home computers are just as susceptible to ransomware, and the loss of access to personal and often irreplaceable items—including family photos, videos, and other data—can be devastating for individuals as well.
Ransomware is a hot topic that isn't going away anytime soon. As more strains of this nasty malware are born, it's important to have a clear understanding about what this threat could mean for your business!
This presentation is about Ransomware. It tells you about how ransomware creates problem and how it can be removed. It also describes different types of Ransomware.
The presentation is about Ransomware attacks. It includes
~What is Ransomware?
~History of Ransomware
~How it works?
~Types of Ransomware
~How to prevent Ransomware attacks
~Biggest Ransomware attack
~Impact of Ransomware Attacks
~Facts and figures related to Ransomware
Hospitals, school districts, state and local governments, law enforcement agencies, small businesses, large businesses—these are just some of the entities impacted recently by ransomware, an insidious type of malware that encrypts, or locks, valuable digital files and demands a ransom to release them. And, of course, home computers are just as susceptible to ransomware, and the loss of access to personal and often irreplaceable items—including family photos, videos, and other data—can be devastating for individuals as well.
Ransomware is a hot topic that isn't going away anytime soon. As more strains of this nasty malware are born, it's important to have a clear understanding about what this threat could mean for your business!
This presentation is about Ransomware. It tells you about how ransomware creates problem and how it can be removed. It also describes different types of Ransomware.
The presentation is about Ransomware attacks. It includes
~What is Ransomware?
~History of Ransomware
~How it works?
~Types of Ransomware
~How to prevent Ransomware attacks
~Biggest Ransomware attack
~Impact of Ransomware Attacks
~Facts and figures related to Ransomware
A seminar presentation on the infamous wannacry attack.The presentation cover various terms related to wannacry ,how the attack is carried out, who are responsible and how to prevent getting affected.
The case studies in this presentation are real life examples of ransomware attacks on health care organizations, and are intended to help physicians respond appropriately for when this type of cyber crime occurs.
Just as the title says, we go over the humble origins, touch on the notable variants of yesteryear, the big hitters of today, and discuss the future of ransomware. It's no longer just for windows anymore. Linux, Mac and Mobile platforms are all ripe for extortion.
This humorous and entertaining talk teaches everyone, from Mom and Pops to large enterprise organizations what's really happening and how to protect themselves.
Ransomware and tips to prevent ransomware attacksdinCloud Inc.
What is ransomware? How to protect against the threat of ransomware and what to do when there is a ransomware attack? These 8 tips will help you in preventing you and your organization from ransomware attacks.
The WannaCry ransomware outbreak shook the world when it occured in May 2017.
This slidedeck looks at the attack, how it was carried out, and its success rate. It also attempts to figure out who was likely to have been behind this devastating cyber attack.
For more information on this outbreak, take a look at these additional resources:
What you need to know about the WannaCry Ransomware: https://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/wannacry-3
WannaCry: Ransomware attacks show strong links to Lazarus group: https://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/wannacry-ransomware-attacks-show-strong-links-lazarus-group
Can files locked by WannaCry be decrypted: A technical analysis: https://medium.com/threat-intel/wannacry-ransomware-decryption-821c7e3f0a2b
a simple presentation with introduction on hacking, presented by anant shrivastava on behalf of linux academy at rkdf bhopal http://academylinux.com and contact anant at http://anantshri.info
Cyber extortion is a crime involving an attack or threat of attack against an enterprise, coupled with a demand for money to stop the attack.
Cyber extortions have taken on multiple forms - encrypting data and holding it hostage, stealing data and threatening exposure, and denying access to data.
Malware locks out the user’s system and demands ransom.
Creates “Zombie Computer” operated remotely.
Individuals and business targeted.
This form of extortion works on the assumption that the data is important enough to the user that they are willing to pay for recovery.
There is however no guarantee of actual recovery, even after payment is made.
The first known ransomware was the 1989 "AIDS" trojan (also known as "PC Cyborg") written by Joseph Popp.
You've seen the headlines. You're beginning to understand the importance of cybersecurity. Where do you begin? It's important to understand the common methods of attack and ways you can begin to protect your organization today. For more information on our cybersecurity education please visit FPOV.com/edu.
Ransomware has become one of the most widespread and damaging threats that internet users face. Since the infamous CryptoLocker first appeared in 2013, we’ve seen a new era of file-encrypting ransomware variants delivered through spam messages and Exploit Kits, extorting money from home users and businesses alike.
Over the last few months, there has been tremendous growth in the number of ransomware attacks in the wild. What was once an attack technique aimed at susceptible individual users can now infiltrate advanced enterprise networks as well. In this presentation, you will learn how ransomware attacks propagate and what steps your organization can take to prevent them.
A seminar presentation on the infamous wannacry attack.The presentation cover various terms related to wannacry ,how the attack is carried out, who are responsible and how to prevent getting affected.
The case studies in this presentation are real life examples of ransomware attacks on health care organizations, and are intended to help physicians respond appropriately for when this type of cyber crime occurs.
Just as the title says, we go over the humble origins, touch on the notable variants of yesteryear, the big hitters of today, and discuss the future of ransomware. It's no longer just for windows anymore. Linux, Mac and Mobile platforms are all ripe for extortion.
This humorous and entertaining talk teaches everyone, from Mom and Pops to large enterprise organizations what's really happening and how to protect themselves.
Ransomware and tips to prevent ransomware attacksdinCloud Inc.
What is ransomware? How to protect against the threat of ransomware and what to do when there is a ransomware attack? These 8 tips will help you in preventing you and your organization from ransomware attacks.
The WannaCry ransomware outbreak shook the world when it occured in May 2017.
This slidedeck looks at the attack, how it was carried out, and its success rate. It also attempts to figure out who was likely to have been behind this devastating cyber attack.
For more information on this outbreak, take a look at these additional resources:
What you need to know about the WannaCry Ransomware: https://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/wannacry-3
WannaCry: Ransomware attacks show strong links to Lazarus group: https://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/wannacry-ransomware-attacks-show-strong-links-lazarus-group
Can files locked by WannaCry be decrypted: A technical analysis: https://medium.com/threat-intel/wannacry-ransomware-decryption-821c7e3f0a2b
a simple presentation with introduction on hacking, presented by anant shrivastava on behalf of linux academy at rkdf bhopal http://academylinux.com and contact anant at http://anantshri.info
Cyber extortion is a crime involving an attack or threat of attack against an enterprise, coupled with a demand for money to stop the attack.
Cyber extortions have taken on multiple forms - encrypting data and holding it hostage, stealing data and threatening exposure, and denying access to data.
Malware locks out the user’s system and demands ransom.
Creates “Zombie Computer” operated remotely.
Individuals and business targeted.
This form of extortion works on the assumption that the data is important enough to the user that they are willing to pay for recovery.
There is however no guarantee of actual recovery, even after payment is made.
The first known ransomware was the 1989 "AIDS" trojan (also known as "PC Cyborg") written by Joseph Popp.
You've seen the headlines. You're beginning to understand the importance of cybersecurity. Where do you begin? It's important to understand the common methods of attack and ways you can begin to protect your organization today. For more information on our cybersecurity education please visit FPOV.com/edu.
Ransomware has become one of the most widespread and damaging threats that internet users face. Since the infamous CryptoLocker first appeared in 2013, we’ve seen a new era of file-encrypting ransomware variants delivered through spam messages and Exploit Kits, extorting money from home users and businesses alike.
Over the last few months, there has been tremendous growth in the number of ransomware attacks in the wild. What was once an attack technique aimed at susceptible individual users can now infiltrate advanced enterprise networks as well. In this presentation, you will learn how ransomware attacks propagate and what steps your organization can take to prevent them.
Malware's Most Wanted: CryptoLocker—The Ransomware TrojanCyphort
The CryptoLocker Malware encrypts certain files with a private key and demands payment to regain access to the files. Nick Bilogorskiy, Director of Security Research, presents this deep dive into CryptoLocker and looks at the latest information around what is called one of the two most sophisticated and destructive forms of malicious software in existence. (The other being Gameover Zeus.)
Malware’s Most Wanted is a monthly series to inform IT security professionals on the details of the most dangerous advanced persistent threats. Attendees receive a special edition t-shirt.
This excellent session by Alexander Bolshev (@dark_k3y) was a very pleasant surprise, and it's a bit frustrating that it is one of the three lost S4x14 videos.
We were concerned that it would be a bit S4x13 / insecure by design / low hanging fruit, but HART has received so little attention that we thought it was worth including in S4x14. HART is widely used in DCS to connect controllers and instruments. The HART Foundation says over 30 million HART devices are deployed.
Alexander covers the protocol in the early slides, but make sure you look at slides 16-21 where he shows how he can change the RTU's Polling Unit ID (who the RTU expects to poll it) to create a man-in-the-middle attack.
There are a number of other HART protocol attacks described, but I was most interested in his HRT Shield board - a high-power low-noise HART modem Arduino shield for sniffing, injecHng, and jamming current loop. He brought over some boards that we are building up to have in our Rack when we go out on an assessment.
I should note, mainly to avoid an email from Jeff, that WirelessHART has integrated security such as source/data authentication and encryption. As we walk through plants and factories we are seeing a number of these WirelessHART devices. They are easy to spot because they can be deployed in the most physically convenient place without worrying about wiring.
Cyphort Labs presents "Malware's Most Wanted: Ransomware Resurgence: Locky and Other “New Cryptolockers”
Like many viruses, botnets and malware families that we’ve seen over the past decade, hackers continue to find new ways of reinventing old threats. And this is no different for Ransomware.
Ransomware has come a long way from non-encrypting lockscreen FBI scare warnings like Reveton. In 2016 alone, there have been new ransomware families popping up and we expect that to only pick up steam over the summer.
In this edition of MMW, Nick Bilogorskiy, Senior Director of Threat Operations at Cyphort, will discuss:
Locky, the new “it” ransomware and how it works
A deep dive into a new family of ransom locker discovered by Cyphort Labs in March, that uses TOR Hidden Service
Other new ransomware families and why it’s becoming the preferred monetization method for attackers
Ransomware has troubled many individuals and companies and it has been called the greatest malware threat of 2016. Learn how it works and how to protect yourself.
If ransomware hasn’t held your business data hostage yet, it’s only a matter of time. Since 2013, a particularly nasty variation of ransomware called CryptoLocker has infiltrated countless businesses, encrypted files and demanded a pound of flesh for their safe release. With no relief in sight and new variations emerging regularly, ransomware continues to be one of the most widespread and damaging threats to businesses today. Is your continuity platform positioned to eat ransomware for breakfast?
Join Unitrends for a live webinar to understand how a layered protection strategy (and the news rules of recovery) can keep your business running – no matter what. We’ll cover:
• The current state of ransomware today
• What you need to do when you get infected
• How a rock solid continuity strategy will get you up and running quickly without having to pay a ransom
Overview of Internet and network security protocols and architectures.
Network and Internet security is about authenticity, secrecy, privacy, authorization, non-repudiation, data integrity and protection from denial of service (DOS) attacks.
In the early days of the Internet, security was not a concern so most protocols were developed without protection from various kinds of attacks in mind. The Internet is now infested with malware like worms, viruses, trojan horses and killer packets. Unprotected hosts run the risk of being seized by hackers and become part of botnets to launch even more elaborate attacks.
Careful protection of hosts in a network is therefore of paramount importance. Hosts that need not be reachable from the Internet are typically placed in a protected LAN. Hosts with reachability requirements like mail and web servers are placed in a special network zone called DMZ (DeMilitarized Zone).
Firewalls protect the different networks. Firewall functionality ranges from simple port and address filters up to stateful application and deep packet inspection firewalls that provide more protection.
In general, security policies should be as restrictive as reasonable possible. So usually something not explicitly allowed should be classified as forbidden and thus be blocked.
F. Questier, Computer security, workshop for Lib@web international training program 'Management of Electronic Information and Digital Libraries', university of Antwerp, October 2015
Computer security threats & prevention,Its a proper introduction about computer security and threats and prevention with reference. Have info about threats and their prevention.
Being aware of online and malware threats is the first step to computer security. In this presentation, we help you understand:
a. Importance of computer security
b. Consequences of ignoring computer security
c. Types of threats that can harm your computer
d. Measures to take to keep your computer safe
e. How can Quick Heal help
Ransomware - Information And Protection Guide - Executive SummaryBright Technology
A relatively new phenomenon involving malware and viruses is ransomware, where malicious outsiders implant a program in your computer that can prevent you from accessing your operating system or using your files. The hackers then demand a ransom in the form of payment to an account they designate to restore access to your system and files. First seen in Russia, the practice has since spread worldwide, with ransomware costing organisations millions of dollars per year in payments. This executive summary describes the different types of ransomware and outlines steps you can take to protect your valuable IT assets from the practice.
In computer security, a vulnerability is a weakness which allows an .pdfanandanand521251
In computer security, a vulnerability is a weakness which allows an attacker to reduce a system\'s
information assurance. Vulnerability is the intersection of three elements: a system susceptibility
or flaw, attacker access to the flaw, and attacker capability to exploit the flaw.[1] To exploit a
vulnerability, an attacker must have at least one applicable tool or technique that can connect to a
system weakness. In this frame, vulnerability is also known as the attack surface.
Vulnerabilities are flaws in computer software that create weaknesses in your computer or
network’s overall security. Vulnerabilities can also be created by improper computer or security
configurations. Threats exploit the weaknesses of vulnerabilities, resulting in potential damage to
the computer or its data.
The impact of a security breach can be very high. The fact that IT managers, or upper
management, can (easily) know that IT systems and applications have vulnerabilities and do not
perform any action to manage the IT risk is seen as a misconduct in most legislations.
Intrusion detection system is an example of a class of systems used to detect attacks. Some sets
of criteria to be satisfied by a computer, its operating system and applications in order to meet a
good security level have been developed: ITSEC and Common criteria are two examples.
Vulnerability falls under security like computer security, network security,etc.
How to mitigate the risk
§ Install Anti-Virus Software.
Ensure that reputable anti-virus software is installed on all computers. This should include all
servers, PCs and laptops. If employees use computers at home for business use or to remotely
access the network, these PCs should also have anti-virus software installed.
§ Ensure that the anti-virus software is up to date.
Everyday new computer viruses are being released and it is essential that businesses are
protected from these viruses by keeping the anti-virus software up to date. If possible, companies
should look at policies whereby computers that do not have the most up to date anti-virus
software installed are not allowed to connect to the network.
§ Employ a firewall to protect networks.
As computer viruses can spread by means other than email, it is important that unwanted traffic
is blocked from entering the network by using a firewall. For users that use computers for
business away from the protection of the company’s network, such as home PCs or laptops, a
personal firewall should be installed to ensure the computer is protected.
§ Filter all email traffic.
All incoming and outgoing email should be filtered for computer viruses. This filter should
ideally be at the perimeter of the network to prevent computer viruses. Emails with certain file
attachments commonly used by computer viruses to spread themselves, such as .EXE, .COM and
.SCR files, should also be prevented from entering the network.
§ Educate all users to be careful of suspicious e-mails.
Ensure that all users know to .
Recent ransomware cyberattack on a major oil pipeline caused gas prices to surge and gas stations in multiple states to experience shortages due to a several-day outage resulting from the attack.
Patents are a good information resource for obtaining the state of the art of AI technology innovations for defending against the ransomware attacks. Patent information can provide many valuable insights that can be exploited for developing and implementing new technologies. Patents can also be exploited to identify new product/service development opportunities.
Ransomware Response Guide IBM INCIDENT RESPONSE SERVICESKatherine Duffy
A guide for organizations faced with a ransomware
infection. This guide is split into several sections, with the most
critical and time-sensitive being in the initial response section.
If you are currently experiencing a ransomware incident, it is highly recommended you immediately review the containment section.
we have made this like computer application course material which is so functionable and any one can use it to develop your technological concept skill.
We Belete And Tadelech
An introduction to cyber security by cyber security infotech pvt ltd(csi)Cyber Security Infotech
An introduction to cyber security by cyber security infotech pvt ltd(csi). we are website development company and provide Information Security, Employee Monitoring System, Employee Monitoring Software.
Cyberattacks on the Rise: Is Your Nonprofit Prepared?TechSoup
Cyberattacks against small and midsize organizations have increased from 11 percent to 15 percent in 2020, according to an Avast survey. Nonprofits are no exception to this alarming trend, which results in lost productivity, damaged reputations, and serious financial implications. Whether you’re a one-person IT team or a nontechnical concerned stakeholder, this webinar will help you
- Protect your organization from common malware attacks
- Set up a strong cybersecurity strategy for your organization
- Identify solutions to help minimize cyberattack risks
Recently a ransomware variant titled “WannaCry” has infected thousands of unpatched endpoints worldwide.This quick presentation will provide a synopsis of what this threat might mean for end users and what actions can be taken in response to this new information.
2. ransomware 1
Contents
2 Ransomware prevention
4 Keep your company desktops safe
7 What if my company desktop is already infected?
8 Don’t forget about company Android devices
9 What if my company Android device has already been infected?
10 Last but not least: Should I pay a ransom?
Executive summary
Ransomware is malware that can lock a device or encrypt its contents in
order to extort money from the owner in return for restoring access to
those resources. This kind of malware can also have a built-in timer with
a payment deadline that must be met, otherwise the price for unlocking
the data and hardware will grow – or the information and the device will
ultimately be rendered permanently inaccessible.
Among the well-known examples of ransomware affecting desktop
computers are Reveton, CryptoLocker, CryptoWall and TeslaCrypt; and on
mobile platforms Simplocker and LockerPin.
Analyses by ESET show that ransomware has emerged as a very popular
form of malware for cybercriminals, and that incidences of its use have
been rising for many years, targeting both privately owned as well as
business devices. Windows and Android are currently the most commonly
targeted operating systems, but recent research shows that even Linux
and OS X are not exempt from ransomware.
To help companies mitigate the risks of ransomware infection, this white
paper documents frequently used attack vectors, offers guidance on how to
effectively protect company devices and their contents, and describes the
available options when devices or files have already been taken hostage.
Additionally, it provides ESET’s views on the most pressing question that
victims of ransomware attack have to answer: “Should I pay what the
cybercriminals demand?”
3. ransomware 2
Ransomware prevention
For businesses, the stakes are fairly high.
Compared to private users, if a firm loses
access to crucial resources it might result in
financial loss and/or reputational damage.
And as a recent survey of nearly 3,000 IT and
cybersecurity professionals worldwide showed,
as many as one in five organizations has
already experienced an incident involving this
kind of threat.
Attackers nowadays use encryption that is
as strong as that used by banks to protect
payments by their clients, making recovery of
files and devices more complicated—and in the
worst cases, even impossible.
It is therefore cheaper to focus on prevention
than to pay for the consequences. If company
devices are not protected and employees lack
proper training, there is a high risk that in the
event of a ransomware infection, valuable data
stored on company devices and subsequently
on disks connected to them via networks, will
be lost forever.
A. Use the latest version of your security software
Install the most recent version of your security software, as many in-
fections occur because outdated solutions remain in place. If you have
a valid ESET license, updating to the latest version costs nothing.
If you are still using ESET Endpoint Security versions 3 or 4, we strongly
recommend updating to the newest, 6th generation of our business
products, which applies the latest technologies specially crafted to
improve client protection from malware that uses obfuscation and/or
encryption to stay undetected.
Examples of these technologies include Advanced Memory Scanner,
which looks for suspicious behavior after malware decloaks in the
memory, and Exploit Blocker, which strengthens protection against
targeted attacks and previously unseen vulnerabilities, also known as
zero-day vulnerabilities.
B. Keep your security software’s virus database up-to-date
New versions of ransomware are released frequently, so it is impor-
tant that computers and other company devices receive regular virus
database updates. Among other precautions, this helps to ensure they
are not vulnerable to ransomware infections. ESET products check for
updates every hour, provided they detect a valid license and a working
Internet connection.
4. ransomware 3
IMPORTANT NOTE
It is possible that your company firewall could block ESET
Live Grid communications, so you should verify that it is
working properly. To do this, please visit the following web-
page of the renowned testing organization AMTSO, of which
ESET is a member:
http://www.amtso.org/feature-settings-check-cloud-lookups/
Click on the link “Download the CloudCar Testfile” and
download the test file “cloudcar.exe”. If ESET LiveGrid works
properly, the file will open on ESET’s servers and, after
obtaining the necessary information, will block it. The file
will not be downloaded onto your computer and following
message will be displayed:
C. Enable the ESET LiveGrid® cloud protection system
Unknown and potentially malicious applications, and other possible
threats, are monitored and submitted to the ESET cloud via the ESET
LiveGrid Feedback System. The samples collected are subjected to
automatic sandboxing and behavioral analysis, which results in the
creation of automated signatures if malicious characteristics are con-
firmed.
ESET clients learn about these automated detections via the ESET
LiveGrid Reputation System in a matter of minutes, without the need
to wait for the next signature database update. If a process is deemed
unsafe – such as deleting a backup – it is immediately blocked. It is im-
portant to note that ESET LiveGrid uses only hashes of suspicious files,
never their contents, thus respecting the privacy of ESET customers.
5. ransomware 4
Keep your company desktops safe
To mitigate the risk of data loss and damage to devices commonly caused
by ransomware, we encourage all companies to follow these eleven steps.
1. Back up important data regularly
The single, best measure to defeat ransomware before it even starts
its malicious activity, is to have a regularly updated backup. Remem-
ber that malware will also encrypt files on drives that are mapped and
have been assigned a drive letter, and sometimes even on drives that
are unmapped.
This includes any external drives such as a USB thumb drive, as well as any
network or cloud file stores. Hence, a regular backup regimen is essential,
ideally using an off-site, offline device for storing the backup files.
2. Patch and update your software automatically
Malware authors frequently rely on people running outdated software
with known vulnerabilities, which they can exploit to silently access
company devices and their systems. Businesses can significantly
decrease the potential for ransomware pain if they make a practice of
updating company software and devices as often as possible.
Some software vendors release security updates on a regular basis,
but there are often “out-of-cycle” or unscheduled updates in cases of
emergency. Enable automatic updates if you can, or go directly to ven-
dors’ websites.
11 STEPS FOR PREVENTING DATA LOSS
➊ Back up important data regularly
➋ Patch & update your software automatically
➌ Pay attention to your employees' security training
➍ Show hidden file-extensions
➎ Filter executable attachments in email
➏ Disable files running from AppData/LocalAppData folders
➐ Consider shared folders
➑ Disable RDP
➒ Use a reputable security suite
10 Use System Restore to get back to a known-clean state
11 Use a standard account instead of one with
administrator privileges
6. ransomware 5
3. Pay attention to your employees’ security training
One of the most common infection vectors is social engineering –
methods that are based on fooling users and trying to convince them
to run executable files. By claiming to be a tracking notification email
from a delivery company (such as FedEx or UPS), an email from their
bank, or an internal company message such as New_Wages.pdf.exe,
the attackers try to dupe employees to achieve their malicious goals.
To prevent this from happening, employees should be trained not to
open any unknown or suspicious email attachments, links or files.
4. Show hidden file-extensions
Ransomware frequently arrives in an email attachment with the ex-
tension “.PDF.EXE”. This counts on Window’s default behavior of hiding
known file extensions. Re-enabling the display of the full file extension
makes spotting suspicious files easier.
5. Filter executable attachments in email
If your gateway mail scanner has the ability to filter files by extension,
you may wish to block emails sent with “.EXE” file attachments, or
those with attachments that have two file extensions ending with an
executable (“*.*.EXE” files, in filter-speak). We also recommend filtering
files with the following extensions: *.BAT, *.CMD, *.SCR and *.JS.
6. Disable files running from AppData/LocalAppData folders
A notable behavior of a large proportion of ransomware variants is
that they run their executable from the AppData or Local AppData
folder. You can create rules within Windows or with intrusion preven-
tion software to disallow this behavior. If for some reason legitimate
software is set to run from the AppData rather than the usual Program
Files area, you will need to exclude it from this rule.
7. Consider shared folders
Bear in mind that any company device infected by ransomware might
also cause encryption of all files in shared folders to which it has write
permission. For this reason, employees should consider which valuable
and sensitive files they store on shared disks, as their data in these lo-
cations might get encrypted by malware, even though their computer
wasn’t directly infected.
8. Disable RDP
Ransomware often accesses target machines using Remote Desktop
Protocol (RDP), a Windows utility that allows others to access desk-
tops remotely. Cybercriminals have also been known to log in via an
RDP session and disable the security software. It is best practice to dis-
able RDP unless you need it in your environment. For instructions on
how to do so, visit the appropriate Microsoft Knowledge Base articles.
9. Use a reputable security suite
Malware authors frequently send out new variants of their malicious
code, trying to avoid detection, so it is important to have multiple lay-
ers of protection. Even after it burrows into a system, most malware
relies on remote instructions to perform serious mischief.
If you encounter a ransomware variant that is so new that it gets
past antimalware software, it may still be caught when it attempts
to connect with its Command and Control (C&C) server to receive
instructions for encrypting files. ESET’s latest software suite provides
an enhanced Botnet Protection module that blocks malicious traffic
trying to communicate with a C&C server.
7. ransomware 6
RANSOMWARE: HOW IT WORKS
10. Use System Restore to get back to a known-clean state
If System Restore is enabled on the infected Windows machine, it
might be possible to take the system back to a known-clean state and
restore some of the encrypted files from “shadow” files. But you have
to outsmart the malware and move quickly.
This is because some of the newer ransomware has the ability to
delete the “shadow” files from System Restore. Such malware will
start deleting “shadow” files whenever the executable file is run, and
you might not even know that this is happening, since executable files
can run without the operator knowing, as a normal part of Windows
system operation.
11. Use a standard account instead of one with
administrator privileges
Using an account with system administrator privileges is always a
security risk, because then malware is allowed to run with elevated
rights and may infect the system easily. Be sure that users always use a
limited user account for regular daily tasks and the system administra-
tor account only when it is absolutely necessary. Do not disable User
Access Control.
$$
Ransomware is a type of malicious software
that can lock your device and take hostage files
that might have some personal or professional
value to you.
Malware is often spread via email or by drive-by downloads from
compromised websites. After it’s done its malicious job,
the ransomware generates a pop-up message telling you to pay.
PAY $$$
PAY $$$ $$$
$
PAY $$$
8. ransomware 7
What if my company desktop
is already infected?
Disconnect the device
If you or any of your employees run a suspicious file and you are unable
to open some of the stored files, immediately disconnect the device from
internet, company network and if possible also from the electricity supply.
This can prevent communication between the malware and its C&C server
before it finishes encryption of the data on that device and all its mapped
disks.
Although this isn’t a bulletproof technique, it gives your company at least
some chance to save some of the valuable files before they are fully en-
crypted. We recommend a hardware shutdown, as ransomware might be
programmed to monitor software shutdown and cause more damage.
Contact ESET technical support
If the ransomware has already run its course and you don’t have a functional
backup, contact ESET technical support. Don’t forget to attach a log from
ESET Log Collector and a few samples of the encrypted files—if possible,
send approximately five MS Word or MS Excel files.
If your company license has 100 or more seats, our specialists will contact
you requesting more information about the infection after you submit a
ticket via our online system. In cooperation with the ESET Malware Re-
search Laboratory, our specialists will attempt to decrypt and recover the
affected files.
But please bear in mind that the authors of malicious code have gone
to considerable lengths to make their ransomware effective, using ever
stronger and more advanced encryption. It is therefore often impossible to
decrypt everything, or to do so quickly.
Nowadays, encryption is a technological standard protecting bank and
financial transfers, e-shop transactions and many other online services
and the latest versions are close to impenetrable. It is for this reason that
no vendor can guarantee to recover your files.
ESET experts will attempt to find ransomware loopholes that will allow
them to repair the damage caused to your affected disks and devices.
If they are successful, they will provide you with a decryption tool tai-
lor-made for your business.
Based on our experience, this outcome is possible for one in five ransom-
ware cases. This process can take up to several weeks, depending on how
skillful the malware authors were. It is possible that the attempt will not
succeed. If you have opted for ESET Premium Support, our specialists are
available to answer your requests 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
9. ransomware 8
Don’t forget about company
Android devices
As we already mentioned, malware authors are not focusing solely on
Windows. In recent years they have shifted their attention to the most
dominant mobile operating system, Android, which is used by many businesses
smartphones and tablets.
ESET has seen various families of Android ransomware designed to target
mobile devices specifically. Attackers use various techniques, such as pre-
tending to be antivirus software or disguising their ransom demand as a
local law enforcement agency and blocking the device (an example of such
ransomware is Reveton).
In 2014, our researchers encountered the first ransomware that attempt-
ed to encrypt data on mobile devices running Android. Since then, attackers
have come up with more than 50 variants, each more dangerous and more
advanced than the last. Only a year later, the first ransomware that blocked
access to a device by setting a random four-digit screen-lock appeared.
Remember that all of these malicious codes were able to effectively block
access to resources vital for everyday business, and demanded hundreds of
dollars from the victims and their companies to restore access.
HOW TO KEEP YOUR ANDROID DEVICES PROTECTED?
A. Train your employees
For employees using Android devices, it’s important to be aware of ran-
somware threats and to take preventive measures. Training is therefore
an essential countermeasure.
• Among the most important steps to take is to avoid unofficial
or third-party app stores.
• Before employees download anything from the official store,
they should read the reviews by other users. Malicious behavior
is quickly identified by users and comments about it are published
directly on the app page.
• Employees should always check if the permissions that the app is
requesting are necessary for its proper function.
• If possible, create a whitelist of apps allowed on company Android
devices.
B. Use security software
Have a mobile security app installed and kept up to date in all the company
Android devices. If you are an ESET customer, you can install ESET End-
point Security for Android as a part of the following ESET Business Solu-
tions security packages:
• ESET Endpoint Protection Standard
• ESET Endpoint Protection Advanced
• ESET Secure Business
• ESET Secure Enterprise
10. ransomware 9
C. Backup all the important data
Additionally, it is important to have a functional backup of all important
data from each Android device. The chances are that users who take
appropriate measures against ransomware will never face any request for
ransom. And even if they fall victim and – in the worst-case scenario – see
their data encrypted, having a backup turns such an experience into noth-
ing more than a nuisance.
What if my company Android device
has already been infected?
If your device or your employee’s device gets infected by ransomware, you
have several options for its removal, depending on the specific malware
variant.
1. Boot in safe mode
For the most simple lock-screen ransomware families, booting the
device into Safe Mode – so third-party applications (including the
malware) will not load – will do the trick and the user can easily unin-
stall the malicious application. The steps for booting into Safe Mode
can vary on different device models (to find out which apply to your
device(s) consult your manual, or Google the results).
2. Revoke administrator privileges for malware
In the event that the application has been granted Device Administra-
tor privileges – as it is often the case with new variants of ever-more
aggressive ransomware – these must first be revoked from the set-
tings menu before the app can be uninstalled.
3. Reset password via Mobile Device Manager
If ransomware with Device Administrator rights has locked the device
using Android’s built-in PIN or password screen lock functionality, the
situation gets more complicated. It should be possible to reset the lock
using Google’s Android Device Manager or an alternative MDM solu-
tion. Rooted Android phones have even more options.
4. Contact technical support
If files on the device have been encrypted by crypto-ransomware
such as Android/Simplocker, we advise users to contact their security
provider’s technical support. Depending on the specific ransomware
variant, decrypting the files may or may not be possible.
5. Factory reset
A factory reset, which will delete all data on the device, can be used as
the last resort in case none of the previous solutions are available.
11. ransomware 10
Last but not least:
Should I pay a ransom?
ESET advises its business customers as well as all other users not to pay
ransoms.
First of all, the attackers are not acting legally, so they have no obligation
to fulfill their end of the bargain by decrypting the affected data or unlock-
ing your device in return for payment.
Paying a ransom also helps them to finance their ongoing malicious activi-
ties.
Even if the malware authors provide you with a decryption key, there is no
guarantee that it will actually work. ESET has seen many cases in which
the tool sent by the attackers wasn’t able to decrypt the files, or worked
only partially. In some cases of Android ransomware, the randomly gen-
erated PIN code blocking the device wasn’t sent to the cybercriminal and
there was therefore no way to unlock it.
Also, if you pay the cybercriminals, how do you know they won’t come
back for more? If they were successful in attacking your company, they
may regard that as weakness and try to exploit you again.