In this quiz you have to find out a name of a book and disease which is mentioned in this book. After that you can learn a little bit about this disease.

1. Infectious diseases in literature
Part 3.
Pavlov State Medical University,
Department of Infectious diseases and Epidemiology,
St-Petersburg, Russia
Dr. Andrey Dyachkov
with assistance of Sharobueva Diana
(medical student from 521 group of PSMU)
E-mail: cd4@inbox.ru
30.09.2012

2. In this quiz you have to find out:
1.From which book we took a
description of disease?
2.Which infectious disease is
described?
Then you can learn
a little bit about it

3. Here comes a description of a disease from a book:
“Look at yourself in the glass.”
Strickland gave him a glance, smiled, and went over to
a cheap mirror in a little wooden frame, that hung on
the wall.
“Well?”
“Do you not see a strange change in your face?Do you
not see the thickening of your features and a look —
how shall I describe it? —
the books call it lion-faced. Mon pauvre ami, must I tell
you that you have a terrible disease?”

4. Here are some hints that can help you
to guess a name of the book…

5. William Somerset Maugham
(25 January 1874 – 16 December 1965 )
William Somerset Maugham was an English
playwright, novelist and short story writer. He
was among the most popular writers of his era
and reputedly the highest paid author during the
1930s.
«The Moon and Sixpence» is a novel told in
episodic form by the first-person narrator as a
series of glimpses into the mind and soul of the
central character, Charles Strickland, a middle-
aged English stockbroker who abandons his
wife and children abruptly to pursue his desire
to become an artist. The story is said to be
loosely based on the life of the painter Paul
Gauguin.

6. Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin
Paul Gauguin was a leading French Post-
Impressionist artist who was not well
appreciated until after his death. He was born
in Paris in 1848. At the age of 23 he became
a successful Parisian businessman and
remained one for eleven years. In 1873, he
married and had five children.
Gauguin was interested in painting since he
was a child but only after meeting Camille
Pissarro he started to spend all his time for
painting. In 1891 he left his family and sailed
to French Polynesia to escape European
civilization. In French Polynesia, toward the
end of his life Suffering from syphilis and
leprosy, he died at 11 a.m. on 8 May 1903 of
an overdose of morphine and possibly heart
attack.

7. Leprosy
Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease ,
is a chronic disease caused by
the Mycobacterium leprae named
after norwegian physician Gerhard Hansen.
Leprosy is primarily a granulomatous disease
of the peripheralnerves, skin and mucosa of
the upper respiratory tract.
Historically, leprosy has been greatly feared
because it causes visible disfigurement and
disability, was incurable, and was commonly
believed to be highly contagious. (face of 24
y.o. patient).
Thought leprosy is trasmitted from human to
human, recent studies in
USA showed that
armadillos are zoonotic
source of infection.

10. Leprosy
Based on bacterial loads leprosy is classified as (PB)
paucibacillary and (MB) multibacillary. On the left -
a MB leprosy patient; notice the loss of eyebrows and the
nodules in the
eyebrows, cheek,
nose and ears.
On the right - Man with advanced
deformities caused by unmanaged
leprosy. Keratitis, loss of eyebrow,
thickened skin, and typical hand
impairments. Ho Chi Minh City,
Vietnam. (Courtesy of D. Scott
Smith, MD)
The drugs used in WHO-MDT are provided for free in endemic countries
and are a combination of rifampicin, clofazimine and dapsone for MB
leprosy patients and rifampicin and dapsone for PB leprosy patients.
Antileprosy drug used as monotherapy will always result in development
of drug resistance and should be considered as unethical practice.

11. In the Middle Ages people with leprosy
should wear a special dress which
included a bell to warn another people
about their appearance. In Europe and
India there was leper colonies - places to
quarantine leprous people. Leper
colonies administered by a Roman
Catholic order was often called a lazar
house, after Lazarus, the patron saint of
lepers.
Spinalonga on Crete, Greece,
one of the last leper colonies
in Europe, closed in 1957.

12. Gerhard Armauer Hansen
Gerhard Henrik Armauer Hansen was a
Norwegian physician, who concluded on the basis
of epidemiological studies that leprosy was a
specific disease with a specific cause.
In 1873, he announced the discovery
of Mycobacterium leprae in the tissues of all
sufferers, although he did not identify them as
bacteria, and received little support.
In 1879 he gave tissue samples to Albert
Neisser who successfully stained the bacteria and
announced his findings in 1880, claiming to have
discovered the disease-causing organism.
There was some conflict between Neisser and
Hansen, Neisser put in some effort to downplay
the assistance of Hansen.

13. Gerhard Armauer Hansen
G.A. Hansen worked in leprosy hospital in Bergen.
To proove his theory he had attempted to infect at
least one female patient without consent and
although no damage was caused, that case ended
in court and Hansen lost his post at the hospital.
Hansen remained medical officer for leprosy in
Norway and it was through his efforts leading to a
steady decline of the disease in Norway from
1,800 known cases in 1875 to just 575 - in 1901.
Building of former leprosy' hospital in Bergen is
now operating as a museum of leprosy.

14. Famous people suffered from leprosy
Father Damien or Saint Damien of Molokai was
a Roman Catholic Priest from Belgium and
member of the Congregation of the Sacred
Hearts of Jesus and Mary. He won recognition
for his ministry to people with leprosy, who had
been placed under a government-sanctioned
medical quarantine on the island of Molokai in
the Kingdom of Hawai.
Uzziah was Louis XI called the
the king of Prudent was
the ancient the King of
Kingdom of France from 1461
Judah to 1483.

15. Famous people suffered from leprosy
Edward Norton in the movie Kingdom of
Heaven playing Baldwin IV. Baldwin IV
of Jerusalem (1161 – 16 March 1185),
called the Leper or the Leprous, was
king of Jerusalem from 1174 to 1185.
Robert I (11 July Ōtani
1274 – 7 June Yoshitsugu was a
1329), popularly Japanese samurai of
known as Robert the Sengoky
the Bruce , was period though Azuchi
King of Scots from -Momoyama period.
25 March 1306, He was also known
until his death in by his court title,
1329. Gyōbu-shōyū.

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