Quantum Dots Description,production,Optical Properties,applications and future works in various fields of industry.

1. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
1
Presented By:-
Maaz Hasan
B.Tech (CSE)
Sem -III
QUANTUM DOTS

2. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
INTRODUCTION
A QUANTUM DOT is a Nano crystal made of
semiconductor materials that are small enough to exhibit quantum
mechanical properties.
Researchers have studied applications for quantum dots
in transistors, solar cells, LEDs, and diode lasers.
2

3. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
3
PRODUCTION There are several ways to confine excitons in semiconductors,
resulting in different methods to produce quantum dots. Quantum dots
are grown by advanced epitaxial techniques or by ion implantation, or
in Nano devices made by state-of-the-art lithographic techniques.

4. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
4
PRODUCTION
Colloidal Synthesis:-
Colloidal semiconductor Nano crystals are synthesized from precursor
compounds dissolved in solutions, much like traditional chemical
processes.

5. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
PRODUCTION Fabrication:-
CMOS technology can be employed to fabricate silicon quantum dots.
Ultra small (L=20 nm, W=20 nm) CMOS transistors behave as single
electron quantum dots when operated at cryogenic temperature.
5

6. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
6
PRODUCTION
Electrochemical Assembly:-
Highly ordered arrays of quantum dots may also be self-assembled
by electrochemical techniques. A template is created by causing an
ionic reaction at an electrolyte-metal interface which results in the
spontaneous assembly of nanostructures.

7. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
7
OPTICAL PROPERTIES
An immediate optical feature of colloidal quantum dots is their colour.
The larger the dot, the redder (lower energy) it’s Fluorescence
Spectrum. Quantum dots can be synthesized with larger (thicker) shells
(CdSe quantum dots with CdS shells). The shell thickness has shown
direct correlation to the spectroscopic properties of the particles like
lifetime and emission intensity, but also to the stability.

8. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
APPLICATIONS Computing:-
Quantum dot technology is one of the most promising candidates for
use in solid-state quantum computation. With
several entangled quantum dots, or qubits, plus a way of performing
operations, quantum calculations and the computers that would
perform them might be possible.
8

9. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
9
APPLICATIONS
Photovoltaic Devices:-
Quantum dots may be able to increase the efficiency and reduce the
cost of today's typical silicon photovoltaic cells. . Quantum dot
photovoltaic would theoretically be cheaper to manufacture, as they
can be made "using simple chemical reactions."

10. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
10
IMPLEMENTATION
Fig:-Implementation of Quantum dots in Quantum Computing

11. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
11
CONCLUSION
• QUANTUM DOTS is a Nano crystal made of semi-conductor
materials that are small enough to exhibit quantum
mechanical properties.
• There are several ways to confine excitons in semiconductors,
resulting in different methods to produce quantum dots.
• Research effort around the world is being applied to expanding the
accuracy and capabilities of this Nano Particles for its usage in the
industry of Hardware Components and Electronics as it is one of
the most promising candidates for use in solid-state quantum
computation.
• Quantum dots have also been suggested as implementations
of qubits for Quantum Information Processing.

12. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
12
FUTURE WORKS
Several Research works are now focussing on the application of
Quantum Dots in the hardware structure of Micro-Computers,
Integrated Circuits, Silicon Chips and methods that preserves the unit
necessary to power lightning fast viable Computers known that uses
Hole spin rather than electron spin that keeps the quantum bits in
same physical state up to 10 times longer than before.

13. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
13
REFERENCES

14. Amity School of Engineering & Technology
14