Python functions are first-class objects that can be assigned to variables, stored in data structures like lists, and nested within other functions. Functions are objects that can be passed around and manipulated like other objects in Python. Some key features of functions include storing functions in lists to iterate over them, using lambda functions for anonymous functions without names, and nesting functions to encapsulate logic.

1. Python Functions
By
Adnan Siddiqi
http://adnansiddiqi.me

2. Python Functions are First-Class
• Python functions are first-class objects, you can assign them to
variables
def say_hi(name):
return “Hi “+name
a = say_hi(“adnan”)
print(a)
>> Hi adnan

3. Functions are objects
• Like data types functions are also objects.
• You can assign them to variables.
greet = say_hi
print(greet(’adnan’))
>> Hi adnan

4. Functions are objects(Contd..)
• Since functions are objects, you can also delete them
del say_hi
>> name ‘say_hi’ is defined
• Calling greet will still work.

5. Storing functions in list and iteration
• Since functions are objects, you can store them in data structures like
list, dict etc.
fns =[greet,str.lower, str.upper]

6. Nested Functions
• You can also make your functions nested. Hence provide a
good way to encapsulate logic. They are also called Closures.
def greet(name):
def say_hi(name):
return ‘Hi ‘+name
return say_hi(name)

7. Lambda Functions
• Python provide you to declare anonymous functions.
Anonymous functions are not bound to an identifier, the function
name. They are usually good to avoid name collisions.
add = lambda n1,n2: n1+n2
print(add(3,5))