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1. Pulse Modulation Techniques
With Signal Diagrams and Waveforms
Presented by [Your Name]

2. Introduction
• - Pulse modulation converts analog signals
into pulse signals.
• - Common in digital communication systems.
• - Divided into analog and digital types.

3. PAM - Pulse Amplitude Modulation
• - Amplitude of pulses represents signal.
• - Simple but noise sensitive.
• - Used in Ethernet.

4. PWM - Pulse Width Modulation
• - Pulse width varies with signal amplitude.
• - Good noise immunity.
• - Used in motor control.

5. PPM - Pulse Position Modulation
• - Pulse position changes with signal.
• - Power efficient.
• - Used in optical systems.

6. PCM - Pulse Code Modulation
• - Converts analog to binary code.
• - High fidelity.
• - Used in CDs, VoIP.

7. DM - Delta Modulation
• - Tracks signal changes step-by-step.
• - Simplified PCM.
• - Used in low-bandwidth systems.

8. Analog Modulation Summary
• - PAM: Varies amplitude.
• - PWM: Varies width.
• - PPM: Varies position.
• All transmit signal via pulse shape changes.

9. Digital Modulation Summary
• - PCM: Encodes as binary.
• - DM: Encodes signal change.
• Used in digital transmission systems.

10. Applications of Pulse Modulation
• - Broadcasting
• - Industrial Control
• - Medical Equipment
• - Satellite Communication
• - Digital Telephony

11. Pros and Cons
• Advantages:
• - Noise Resistant
• - Reliable for digital data
• Disadvantages:
• - Complex
• - Requires synchronization

12. Comparison Table
• PAM: Amplitude based
• PWM: Width based
• PPM: Position based
• PCM: Digital binary code
• DM: Digital step-based

13. Conclusion
• - Pulse modulation bridges analog and digital
systems.
• - Vital in modern communication.
• - Adaptable for future tech.