The document discusses public planning in Pakistan. It provides an overview of the types and components of planning, including strategic, tactical, and operational planning. It also outlines the history of planning bodies in Pakistan, from the establishment of the Development Board in 1948 to the current Ten-Year Perspective Development Plan. The summary also mentions the key challenges for developing nations like Pakistan, such as achieving economic independence and alleviating poverty.
This is a powerpoint presentation which I personally extracted and prepared for a class report in MPAF from old manual from the Academy of Local Government.
it will provide you the quick review of Strategic Planning Definitions,Methods and Planning Templates, Techniques and Tools Logical Sequence Planning and much more about this particular topic.
To provide participants a ‘tool kit’ of planning
To demonstrate value of application of planning methods & tools in
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
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Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
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This is a powerpoint presentation which I personally extracted and prepared for a class report in MPAF from old manual from the Academy of Local Government.
it will provide you the quick review of Strategic Planning Definitions,Methods and Planning Templates, Techniques and Tools Logical Sequence Planning and much more about this particular topic.
To provide participants a ‘tool kit’ of planning
To demonstrate value of application of planning methods & tools in
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
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Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
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Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
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An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
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Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Design and Analysis of Algorithms-DP,Backtracking,Graphs,B&B
public_planning_in_pakistan.ppt
1.
2. Public Planning in
Pakistan
By; Engr.Dr. Attaullah Shah
BSc Engg ( Gold Medlaist), MSc Engg ( Strs), MBA, MA ( Eco)
MSc Envir Design, PGD Computer Sc,
Tel: 051-9250100
E-mail: pdaiou@yahoo.com.
3. What is Planning?
What needs to be done by whom and when
Setting of objectives for an organization and
establishing the policies, procedures, programs
necessary to achieve them.
Why?
To reduce uncertainty
Improve efficiency
Better understanding of objectives
Provide Base for Monitoring and Controlling.
Types:
Strategic Planning: Five years or more-
Tactical Planning: One to two years.
Operational Planning: One day to few months
4. Component of Planning
Objectives: Goals and targets.
Program: Strategy and Major actions.
Schedule: Plan of start and finish of individual and group
activities.
Budget: Planned Expenditures required to achieve or exceed
objectives.
Forecast: Projection that what will happen at some future
date?
Organization: Design , NO. and kinds of positions along
with corresponding duties and responsibilities to achieve or
exceed organizational objectives.
Policy: General guidelines for decision making.
Procedure: A detailed Method of carrying out a policy.
Standard: A level of individual or group performance defined
as acceptable and adequate.
WHAT IS VISION?
5. Seven Principles of Sound Public Policy
#1: Free people are not equal, and equal people are not
free.
#2: What belongs to you, you tend to take care of; what
belongs to no one or everyone tends to fall into disrepair.
#3: Sound policy requires that we consider long-run
effects and all people, not simply short-run effects and a
few people.
#4: If you encourage something, you get more of it; if
you discourage something, you get less of it
#5: Nobody spends somebody else's money as carefully
as he spends his own.
#6: Government has nothing to give anybody except
what it first takes from somebody, and a government
that's big enough to give you everything you want is big
enough to take away everything you've got.
#7: Liberty makes all the difference in the world.
#
6. Major challenges to Developing Nations
Achievement of economic independence,
Overcoming backwardness and Poverty Alleviation
Implementation of socio-economic transformation.
Sustainable development.
Planning is a dynamic process, a method of analysis and
thinking which may or may not involve the preparation
of comprehensive legally binding blueprint for socio-
economic development.
In essence, a plan is a package of economic and social
policies expressed with quantified targets and objectives
to be achieved during a laid-down period
7. History of Planning Bodies in Pakistan
Development Board was established early in 1948
In 1950 a Six-Year Development Plan was formulated and
embodied in the Colombo Plan for Cooperative Economic
Development in South and South East Asia..
Planning Board: 18th July, 1953,
To develop the resources of the country as rapidly as possible so as
to promote the welfare of the people, provide adequate living
standards, and social services, secure social justice and equality of
opportunity to all and aim at the widest and most equitable
distribution of national wealth.
Planning Commission On 22nd October 1958, the President was
pleased to re-designate the National Planning Board as the
Planning Commission.
Federal Ministries/Divisions
The Federal Ministries
are responsible for the preparation of programmes and projects in
their respective fields of interest including autonomous
organizations under their control
8. Conceptual Plans.
Perspective Plan-Vision Plan ( Ex: 2030 Vision)
To provide a long-term (15-25 years) economic and social policy
framework so that the objectives to be achieved over a much
longer period can be incorporated in a medium-term framework.
Five Year Plan:
A five year plan is a general statement of objectives and targets
relating to the economy as a whole and its various component
sectors.
Roll-On Plan
In order to bring flexibility into the Five Year, a roll-on plan of
medium term is designed in which the sectoral and project-wise
position is adjusted according to the foregoing year
Annual Plan
It is regarded as the implementation side of the five year plan.
The annual plan includes an evaluation of past performance, a
presentation of the main targets, an assessment of the resource
position for the year.
9. Public Sector Development Program PSDP
The Public Sector Development Programme (PSDP) is
an annual document which lists all the public sector
projects/ programmes with specific allocations made for
each one of them in that particular financial year. ( 1920
Projects in 2006-07)
Federal Vs Provincial Projects
Major share of the total Development Programme is
allocated to Federal projects
While the remainder is allocated to the Provincial
Development Programme.
10. FEASIBILITY STUDY
Pre-requisite for preparation of a major development project on
sound lines, and is not ruled out even for a minor one
Preparation/Processing of PC-II.
For Large projects of cost 500 Million or more
Consultants are appointed for pre-feasibility.
The consultancy charges should not exceed 10%
PC-I/Project Feasibility:
Part 'A' is the "Project Digest", containing eight questions which are more
or less common to all sectoral PC-Is forms.
Part 'B' entitled "Project Description and Financing",
Part 'C' deals with "Project Requirements".
Part 'D' deals with environmental aspects.
11. PC-III Proforma
Designed to furnish information on the progress of on-going
projects on quarterly basis
PC-IV & V Proformae
PC-IV form is required to be submitted at the time when the
project is adjudged to be complete while the PC-V form is to be
furnished on an annual basis for a period of five years by the
agencies responsible for operation and maintenance of the
projects.
Umbrella PC-I
Some times a Federal Ministry is required to prepare a PC-I
having provincial components to be financed through a joint
loan by a donor agency.
12. Project Appraisal.
Technical Analysis
The analysis for determining the technical viability of the development project is based
on the technical data and information given in the PC-I form as well as the earlier
experience of carrying out similar projects.
Institutional/Organizational/Managerial Analysis
A whole range of issues in project preparation revolves around the overlapping
institutional, organizational and managerial aspects of the project.
Social Analysis
Social analysis is undertaken to examine the aspects like employment
opportunities and income distribution.
Commercial Analysis
The commercial aspects of a project include the arrangements for marketing the
output produced by the project and the arrangement for the supply of inputs
needed to build and operate the project
Financial Analysis
Financial analysis involves assessment of financial impact, judgment of efficient
resource use, assessment of incentives, provision of a sound financing plan,
coordination of financial contribution and assessment of financial management
competence.
13. Economic Analysis
Analysis from the economic aspect assesses the
desirability of an investment proposal in terms of its
effect on the economy.
Remarks:
The planning process in Pakistan starts with the PC1.
This is a document, which by its very nature excludes
any public discussion and debate and in fact, makes it
redundant. To avoid the disasters we have experienced
in the name of development, it is imperative that
discussions and consultations between citizens and
government agencies take place at the conceptual level
of the project.
Director Urban Resource Center Karachi
14. PROJECT APPROVING BODIES
National Economic Council (NEC) –CEO/PM as Chief
( No limit)
Executive Committee of National Economic Council
(ECNEC) Above 500 M
Headed by the Federal Minister of Finance/ Adviser to the
Prime Minister for Finance and Economic and Planning.
Economic Coordination Committee of the Cabinet (ECC)
Headed by the Federal Minister for Finance and Federal
Ministers of economic ministries as its members. It attends to
all urgent day-to-day economic matters and coordinates the
economic policies initiated by the various Divisions of the
Government
15. Central Development Working Party (CDWP)
Headed by the Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission and
which includes as its members the Secretaries of the Federal
Ministries concerned with the development and the heads of
the Planning Departments of the Provincial Governments.
Departmental Development Working Party
(DDWP/DSC)
Headed by the respective Secretary/ Head of Department and
includes representatives of Finance Division and concerned
Technical Section in the Planning and Development Division.
Provincial Working Party (PDWP):
headed by the Chairman, Development Board/Additional
Chief Secretary (Development) and includes Secretaries of the
Provincial Departments concerned with development, as its
members
16. Planning History of Pakistan
By 1950 a six-year plan drafted. But the initial effort was
unsystematic.
First Five-Year Plan (1955-60). Not implemented,
because political instability led to a neglect of economic policy,
but in 1958 the government renewed its commitment to
planning by establishing the Planning Commission.
The Second Five-Year Plan (1960-65) surpassed its major goals
when all sectors showed substantial growth.
Third Five-Year Plan (1965-70), designed along the lines of its
immediate predecessor, produced only modest growth.
The Fourth Five-Year Plan (1970-75) was abandoned as East
Pakistan became independent Bangladesh.
17. •The Fifth Five-Year Plan (1978-83) was an attempt to stabilize the
economy and improve the standard of living of the poorest segment of
the population. Increased defense expenditures and a flood of refugees
to Pakistan after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in December 1979.
The Sixth Five-Year Plan (1983-88) represented a significant shift
toward the private sector.
The Seventh Five-Year Plan (1988-93) provided for total public-
sector spending of Rs350 billion.
Eighth Five-Year Plan (1993-98): The Plan, which ended up in
achieving far less than proposed development targets, dealt with the
issues of sustainable environment and management of water resources.
18. Ninth Five-Year Plan (1998-2003): Could not materialize
due to change of Government.
Ten-Year Perspective Development Plan (2001-2011): By
adopting strategies to reach the Millennium Development
Goals (MDGs), the Ten-Year Perspective Development Plan
was launched into operation on 1st July, 2001. Its total size
has been fixed at Rs.11,287 billion in current prices out of
which Rs.8,747 billion have been envisaged as the investment
of private sector and Rs.2,540 billion as Public Sector
Development Program (PSDP).
19. Millennium Development Goals.
Goal 1: Eradicating Extreme Poverty and Hunger
Goal 2: Achieving Universal Primary Education.
Goal 3: Promoting Gender Equality and Women Empowerment.
Goal 4: Reducing Child Mortality.
Goal 5: Improving Maternal Health.
Goal 6: Combating HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other Diseases.
Goal 7: Ensuring Environmental Sustainability.
20. MTDF 2005-10 is to Eventually Realize the
Long Term Vision 2030
Developed, industrialized, just and prosperous Pakistan
through rapid and sustainable development in a resource
constrained economy by deploying knowledge inputs.
21. MTDF 2005-10: Objectives
Establishing a just and sustainable economic system for
reducing poverty and achieving Millennium Development Goals
Organised and disciplined movement towards an efficient, balanced,
internationally competitive, environment friendly, and technologically
driven knowledge economy for rapid and sustainable growth to become
an industrialized nation in 25 years
Evolving a mature, tolerant, democratic society which is developed
economically, culturally, ethically and imbibed with Islamic values of
moderation and enlightenment, and at peace with itself and with the rest
of the world
22. Manufacturing
Manufacturing
Technology
Technology
HRD
HRD
Policy
Instruments
No conflicts
Input from Technical
& Professional Orgns.
Complete
National
Roadmap
for seamless
development
Technological Base
Associate Stakeholders
in Decision making
Support
Infrastructure
Human Resource
Development
Integrated System With
Checks & Balances
-Presidents Long
Term
Vision
-Integrated Approach
-Result Orientation
-Team Work
(PM and
his Team)
Innovative Expansion of
National Vocational
Training Authority)
(Concerned
Ministries and
organizations)
(All Ministries)
Planning Commission
to assist for avoiding
conflicts
Planning Commission
in consultation with all stake
holders
(All
Ministries)
Prov .
Govts
(HEC + MOE + Prov.
Govt.)
(MOST &
Hec)
(All
Ministries)
Prov .
Govts
(PM and his team
assisted by
Planning
Commission)
26. PAKISTAN- Vision 2030
Developed, industrialized, just and prosperous
Pakistan through rapid and sustainable
development in a resource constrained economy by
deploying knowledge inputs
27. The Global Paradigm for Pakistan
Only those countries would grow rich and powerful in the
21st century who:
Position Themselves for Competitive Advantage
Generate Knowledge and Innovate for High Growth
•Use Globalization to Attract Relocation of Manufacturing
, Design , and Services
•Attract and Retain Foreign Funds including Foreign
Private Investment
Move Rapidly into Regional and Global Hubs
FAILURE WILL LEAD TO MARGINALISATION
28. Critical Challenges and Opportunities
• Dispersion of information and technology
• Climatic change
• Depleting natural resources of water, land,
and usable energy making Pakistan vulnerable
• Urban concentrations and growth of large
cities with completely different dynamics
affecting all spheres of human activities
• Major demographic transitions
29. Many Challenges for 2030: Take Just Four
Energy
Water and Agriculture
Demographics
Urbanization
Energy for Growth:
Energy security plan 2030 already approved (MTDF)
Total primary energy consumption to rise 7 fold
(55 to 360 MTOE by 2030)
Power generation : from 19,540 MW to 162,590 MW
Major shift planned: to coal, nuclear, and renewable
Pakistan is running out of useable, affordable energy … more
efficient use absolutely vital
30. Water and Agriculture
High growth rates in agriculture unrealizable with:
Present technology, practice and attitude
Low water storage, high wastage
Sub-optimal cropping pattern
Demographics: 218 million in 2030
(over 60 % urban)
To realize the dividend of demographic transition
investment in HRD is of critical importance:
Employment opportunities
Productivity increase
31. Urbanization 2030
Global Urban Dwellers exceeded those in rural areas for
the first time in human history in 2005 … [Shenzhen, a small
town, now has reached a higher population than London in
only 20 years]
In Pakistan, too, more and more settlements will grow
into their equilibrium size – optimal and functional hierarchies
of settlements.
Pakistan’s urban population is projected to increase from the
current 55 million to about 130 m by 2030
… another 70-80 million people in only 25 years!
Housing? Services? Slums? Unemployment? Social cohesion?
32. The Changing Face of Competition
Competitive advantage will be achieved through:
– Excellence of public institutions
– Knowledge, information, skill levels and
competence in technology ….. and its assimilation
– Macroeconomic environment restructuring and
reform of the educational system
– Enablers of the knowledge economy
– Legal and regulatory infrastructure for IPR and
resolution of commercial disputes
33. Salient Features of Vision 2030
Fulfill the promise of a gifted nation by using
knowledge and all its manifestations to become
an affluent and progressive society
Raise quality of life for all citizens and regions
of Pakistan
Achieve competence in technology
Evolve a mature democratic and just society
Be an effective global player, not a target
…… Achieve all this within one generation
34. Pakistan Society 2030
Development measured by the quality of life
A prosperous society:
– GDP to rise to USD 700 billion
– High per capita incomes : rising to USD 3,000
Alleviation of poverty
Higher indices for health, education and life expectancy
Social safety nets
An equitable society:
Common and shared destiny and vision
Respect for the rule of law
Equal opportunities for all
Protection of every citizen irrespective of ethnicity,
creed, gender or age
35. Pakistan Economy 2030
Availability and quality of physical infrastructure
Excellence of public institutions
Internationally competitive, innovative, environment friendly
and technology driven
Higher levels of investment
Improvement in productivity through higher skills,
knowledge inputs, better governance structures, improved
quality and encouraging brand names
Many more regional hubs and centers
Major reduction in wastage
Preserving inter-generational equity while exploiting the
natural resources
36. 25 Years’ Quest for Excellence (Examples)
Education:
At least 10 universities would be among the top 200
globally recognized.
Communications
Would be at the centre of major North-South and
East-West transport corridors.
Technology Centers
Known for its competitiveness, innovation, and
productivity
37. What should Karachi look like in 2030?
One of the great cities of the world, noted for its quality of
life.
A diverse yet socially cohesive population of around
30 million pulsing with commerce and industry with creative
ideas
Schools and universities eagerly sought for their educationally
stimulating environments, with excellent and affordable
healthcare facilities.
A regional hub for electronics, pharmaceuticals and
biotechnology, as well as financial services
A major hub for travel sitting at the southern end of a major
transport corridor
All major cities and urban centers will define such visions
38.
39. Essence of Survival
“Every morning in Africa, a Gazelle wakes up,
it knows it must run faster than the fastest Lion or it
will be killed. Every morning a Lion wakes
up, it knows it must outrun the slowest Gazelle or
it will starve to death. It does not matter whether
you are a Lion or a Gazelle – when the sun comes
up; You’d better be running.”