Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior. Psychologists are actively involved in studying and understanding mental processes, brain functions, and behavior. The field of psychology is considered a "Hub Science" with strong connections to the medical sciences, social sciences, and education (Boyack, Klavans, & Borner,

1. PSYCHOLOGY
➢ What is psychology
➢ Types of psychology
➢ History
➢ Method
➢ Terms
➢ How we can use psychology

2. ❖ What is psychology ?
◆ The scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behaviour in a given
context
◆ Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior, according to the American Psychological
Association. Psychology is a multifaceted discipline and includes many sub-fields of study such areas as
human development, sports, health, clinical, social behavior and cognitive processes.
➔ the science of mind and behavior
➔ the mental or behavioral characteristics of an individual or group
➔ the study of mind and behavior in relation to a particular field of knowledge or activity

3. ➢ Clinical Psychology
➢ Educational psychology
➢ Cognitive Psychology
➢ Comparative Psychology
➢ Counseling psychology

4. History
❏ Psychology is a relatively young science with its experimental roots in the 19th century, compared,
for example, to human physiology, which dates much earlier. As mentioned, anyone interested in
exploring issues related to the mind generally did so in a philosophical context prior to the 19th
century. Two men, working in the 19th century, are generally credited as being the founders of
psychology as a science and academic discipline that was distinct from philosophy. Their names
were Wilhelm Wundt and William James. This section will provide an overview of the shifts in
paradigms that have influenced psychology from Wundt and James through today.
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5. Methods
The Four Main Research Methods in Psychology
★ Case Study
★ Experimental Method
★ Observational Study
★ Survey

6. Terms of Psychology
● anxiety - worry or fear that is not proportional to reality
● attachment theory - Henry Harlow’s theory of the four attachment styles (secure, avoidant, anxious, and disorganized)
● attitude - a person’s mindset that changes in different situations
● bias - feeling prejudice for or against something
● Big Five - the five main personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness)
● catharsis - relief that occurs unconscious thoughts become conscious
● cognition - mental activity (e.g., understanding, creativity, problem-solving)
● consciousness - one’s awareness of the world around them
● construct - a method of thinking or theory
● coping mechanism - tool to manage and/or relieve stress
● defense mechanism - tool to defend oneself against emotional trauma or stress
● delusions - beliefs that are held even when proven wrong
● ego - part of Freud’s model of the psyche that balances the conflict between the moral conscience (superego) and primal
instincts (id)
● emotional intelligence - one’s ability to regulate, process, and express emotions
● extrovert - a person who gains energy from being around other people
● hierarchy of needs - Maslow’s theory that people’s motivations come from four levels of needs (physiological, safety, love and
belonging, and self-esteem) that lead to self-actualization
● id - the primal, instinctual part of Freud’s model of the human psyche
● intelligence quotient (IQ) - score that measures a person’s cognitive abilities
● introvert - a person who feels energized after time alone
● long term memory - memory system that stores information for a long period

7. ➢ How we can use psychology in everyday life ?
❖ Smile in order to feel happier.
❖ Smile in order to feel happier.
❖ If it’s love you want, there’s a psychology trick for that, too.
❖ Psychology can even help you come off as more powerful
❖ Stick to your strengths at work.
❖ Choices give the illusion of control.
❖ Sing the entire song to get it out of your head

8. Thank you