Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. The earliest schools included structuralism, which focused on introspection, and functionalism, which emphasized how mental activities help adaptation. Major figures who shaped the field include Wilhelm Wundt, William James, Sigmund Freud, Ivan Pavlov, John Watson, and B.F. Skinner. Contemporary psychology includes various approaches like psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, and humanistic psychology. It is divided into subfields that study social behavior, personality, mental and physical health, and industrial applications. Studying psychology develops valuable skills and provides insights into human behavior, with career applications in management, healthcare, education, research, and more.