SlideShare a Scribd company logo
Psychology Assignment 1
(Journal)
Name : Mohamad Hafizi Sidratul Muntaha
Student ID : 0315470
Session : Monday (1:00pm – 4:00pm)
Subject : Social Psychology
Course : PSYC0103
Submission : 12th May 2014
2
Date : 7th April 2014
Time : 4:30pm
Concept : The Illusion of Control
I am a big fan of Formula 1 and I have not missed a single race last season.
My favourite drive is Sebastian Vettel and he’s racing for Red Bull Racing. Every
time I watch Formula 1 on the television, I always put on my Red Bull cap and T-
shirt although they look ridiculous. I think of it as my ‘lucky’ shirt and cap
because every time I wear it, Vettel always gets first place.
The illusion is that I think it’s the shirt and cap but the reality is it’s his
talent of driving the Formula 1 car.
3
Date : 14th April 2014
Time : 8:00pm
Concept : Social facilitation
The definition of social facilitation is when an individual’s effort
is improved when there is competition or evaluation than having to do it alone.
This shows when I was practicing my driving abilities on the go-kart. My father
said I didn’t do well for my first few tasks. He then asked my friends to join in on
my training. The results were amazing. My time on a lap has improved when I
was with them.
4
Date : 15th April 2014
Time : 4:30pm
Concept : Bystander effect
Today was about Prosocial Behaviour: Why We Help, and Why We
Don’t?, it has triggered me a past experience. It was during the last day of
Ramadhan 2013, where my siblings, cousins and I decided to go to Jalan Tuanku
Abdul Rahman to buy Baju Melayu there because it was a last minute thing and
it’s very cheap there.
So during the day we were stuck at a traffic jam caused by the crowd and
the faulty traffic lights. While we were in standstill, we saw a male Indian person
getting snatch theft by 2 Malay males on a motorcycle on the sidewalk. At first
try, the snatch thieves failed because the Indian man got a hold of his sling bag
and the person on the motorcycle fell off his bike. He then quickly took out a
machete and swung it to the Indian man so he would let go of his bag.
There were many people there but they just avoided looking and helping
because they were scared. I too am guilty for just watching the man suffering on
his own. The bystander effect shows that people don’t help because they feel
like someone else is going to take responsibility. On the other hand, there was a
police traffic but I didn’t think he saw it because he was busy doing his job. The
Indian man got away unharmed but he lost his bag which might contained his
personal belongings.
5
Date : 15th April 2014
Time : 10:00pm
Concept : Extrinsic Motivation vs. Intrinsic Motivation
This second semester has been really heavy for me because of the extra
credit hours even though it hasn’t ended yet, and I wasn’t a fan of a couple of
subjects. For the subjects that I dislike, I always like to skip class because I find it
irrelevant to architecture, but I know it is. My extrinsic motivation is to face the
music and just study hard for the exams and do well on my assignments so that I
could get high CGPA (reward). If I fail this semester I would have to repeat the
whole semester back (punishment) and it would be a waste of time and money.
It too could disappoint my family and friends because they have supported me in
it. On the other hand, my intrinsic motivation is that I want to be a successful
architect because I’m passionate about it.
6
Date : 10th May 2014
Time : 8:00pm
Concept : Social Cognitive Perspective
I remembered in business class that Mr. Jo told the class that in some
countries, buying your client lunch or anything else as treats are seen as bribing
and it is a big crime and you have a possibility to go to jail. But in Malaysia it is a
norm for example my parents always take their clients out for lunch and dinner
to discuss about their projects. Sometimes the clients do the same thing and sent
us some gifts and flowers. In this country, the situation the cognitive processes
have not detected anything negative so no cognitive conditioning has occurred to
link that treating your client or vice versa is a crime as in the concept of bribing.

More Related Content

Similar to Psychology assignment 1

Pyschology
PyschologyPyschology
Pyschology
leejiakiam
 
Social psycology journal assignment
Social psycology journal assignmentSocial psycology journal assignment
Social psycology journal assignment
Kz Ng
 
Journal (Assignment 1).docx
Journal (Assignment 1).docxJournal (Assignment 1).docx
Journal (Assignment 1).docx
Shze Hwa Lee
 
Journal(kaizer)
Journal(kaizer)Journal(kaizer)
Journal(kaizer)
Kaizer Ooi
 
Journal 1
Journal 1Journal 1
Journal 1
En Huey
 
Social psychology journal
Social psychology journalSocial psychology journal
Social psychology journal
Jian Leo
 
Journal assigment
Journal assigmentJournal assigment
Journal assigment
teehingnian
 
Psy journal 2
Psy journal 2Psy journal 2
Psy journal 2
jerryycc
 
Assignment 1 - Journal
Assignment 1 - JournalAssignment 1 - Journal
Assignment 1 - Journal
Kai Yun Pang
 
Psy Journal
Psy JournalPsy Journal
Psy Journal
alianisaraflly
 
Social psychology
Social psychologySocial psychology
Social psychology
alianisaraflly
 
Social psychology
Social psychologySocial psychology
Social psychology
alianisaraflly
 
Psychology journal
Psychology journalPsychology journal
Psychology journal
Moon Leong
 
Social psychology individual journal
Social psychology individual journalSocial psychology individual journal
Social psychology individual journal
Wei Shuen Loh
 
Psycho journal christine
Psycho journal christinePsycho journal christine
Psycho journal christine
christinelee1996
 
Social psychology individual journal
Social psychology individual journalSocial psychology individual journal
Social psychology individual journal
Doreen Yeo
 
Social psychology journal 1
Social psychology journal 1Social psychology journal 1
Social psychology journal 1
Ong Shi Hui
 
social psychology JOURNAL 1.docx
social psychology JOURNAL 1.docxsocial psychology JOURNAL 1.docx
social psychology JOURNAL 1.docx
Ong Shi Hui
 
Journal assignment one
Journal assignment oneJournal assignment one
Journal assignment one
Jordon Wong
 
Journal Assignment ONE.pdf
Journal Assignment ONE.pdfJournal Assignment ONE.pdf
Journal Assignment ONE.pdf
Jordon Wong
 

Similar to Psychology assignment 1 (20)

Pyschology
PyschologyPyschology
Pyschology
 
Social psycology journal assignment
Social psycology journal assignmentSocial psycology journal assignment
Social psycology journal assignment
 
Journal (Assignment 1).docx
Journal (Assignment 1).docxJournal (Assignment 1).docx
Journal (Assignment 1).docx
 
Journal(kaizer)
Journal(kaizer)Journal(kaizer)
Journal(kaizer)
 
Journal 1
Journal 1Journal 1
Journal 1
 
Social psychology journal
Social psychology journalSocial psychology journal
Social psychology journal
 
Journal assigment
Journal assigmentJournal assigment
Journal assigment
 
Psy journal 2
Psy journal 2Psy journal 2
Psy journal 2
 
Assignment 1 - Journal
Assignment 1 - JournalAssignment 1 - Journal
Assignment 1 - Journal
 
Psy Journal
Psy JournalPsy Journal
Psy Journal
 
Social psychology
Social psychologySocial psychology
Social psychology
 
Social psychology
Social psychologySocial psychology
Social psychology
 
Psychology journal
Psychology journalPsychology journal
Psychology journal
 
Social psychology individual journal
Social psychology individual journalSocial psychology individual journal
Social psychology individual journal
 
Psycho journal christine
Psycho journal christinePsycho journal christine
Psycho journal christine
 
Social psychology individual journal
Social psychology individual journalSocial psychology individual journal
Social psychology individual journal
 
Social psychology journal 1
Social psychology journal 1Social psychology journal 1
Social psychology journal 1
 
social psychology JOURNAL 1.docx
social psychology JOURNAL 1.docxsocial psychology JOURNAL 1.docx
social psychology JOURNAL 1.docx
 
Journal assignment one
Journal assignment oneJournal assignment one
Journal assignment one
 
Journal Assignment ONE.pdf
Journal Assignment ONE.pdfJournal Assignment ONE.pdf
Journal Assignment ONE.pdf
 

More from Hafizie Van De Merwe

Building Science 2 - Acoustic Design Case Study (Pentas 1, KLPAC)
Building Science 2 - Acoustic Design Case Study (Pentas 1, KLPAC)Building Science 2 - Acoustic Design Case Study (Pentas 1, KLPAC)
Building Science 2 - Acoustic Design Case Study (Pentas 1, KLPAC)
Hafizie Van De Merwe
 
Project 2A: Site Analysis
Project 2A: Site Analysis Project 2A: Site Analysis
Project 2A: Site Analysis
Hafizie Van De Merwe
 
VILLA MAIREA - ALVAR AALTO
VILLA MAIREA - ALVAR AALTOVILLA MAIREA - ALVAR AALTO
VILLA MAIREA - ALVAR AALTO
Hafizie Van De Merwe
 
Cnc report 2
Cnc report 2Cnc report 2
Cnc report 2
Hafizie Van De Merwe
 
Eng
EngEng
New
NewNew
Epcpresentation
EpcpresentationEpcpresentation
Epcpresentation
Hafizie Van De Merwe
 
English 2 report business comparison
English 2 report business comparisonEnglish 2 report business comparison
English 2 report business comparison
Hafizie Van De Merwe
 
English ii ass_ignment
English ii ass_ignmentEnglish ii ass_ignment
English ii ass_ignment
Hafizie Van De Merwe
 
Psyc report
Psyc reportPsyc report
Psycho
PsychoPsycho
Comic presentation
Comic presentationComic presentation
Comic presentation
Hafizie Van De Merwe
 

More from Hafizie Van De Merwe (12)

Building Science 2 - Acoustic Design Case Study (Pentas 1, KLPAC)
Building Science 2 - Acoustic Design Case Study (Pentas 1, KLPAC)Building Science 2 - Acoustic Design Case Study (Pentas 1, KLPAC)
Building Science 2 - Acoustic Design Case Study (Pentas 1, KLPAC)
 
Project 2A: Site Analysis
Project 2A: Site Analysis Project 2A: Site Analysis
Project 2A: Site Analysis
 
VILLA MAIREA - ALVAR AALTO
VILLA MAIREA - ALVAR AALTOVILLA MAIREA - ALVAR AALTO
VILLA MAIREA - ALVAR AALTO
 
Cnc report 2
Cnc report 2Cnc report 2
Cnc report 2
 
Eng
EngEng
Eng
 
New
NewNew
New
 
Epcpresentation
EpcpresentationEpcpresentation
Epcpresentation
 
English 2 report business comparison
English 2 report business comparisonEnglish 2 report business comparison
English 2 report business comparison
 
English ii ass_ignment
English ii ass_ignmentEnglish ii ass_ignment
English ii ass_ignment
 
Psyc report
Psyc reportPsyc report
Psyc report
 
Psycho
PsychoPsycho
Psycho
 
Comic presentation
Comic presentationComic presentation
Comic presentation
 

Recently uploaded

National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practicesNational Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
Quotidiano Piemontese
 
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
Neo4j
 
Introduction to CHERI technology - Cybersecurity
Introduction to CHERI technology - CybersecurityIntroduction to CHERI technology - Cybersecurity
Introduction to CHERI technology - Cybersecurity
mikeeftimakis1
 
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalization
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationFull-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalization
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalization
Zilliz
 
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of GermanyPresentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
innovationoecd
 
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
SOFTTECHHUB
 
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AIMind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Kumud Singh
 
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingRemoving Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Aftab Hussain
 
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
Neo4j
 
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusBuilding Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Zilliz
 
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?
Speck&Tech
 
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
DianaGray10
 
Serial Arm Control in Real Time Presentation
Serial Arm Control in Real Time PresentationSerial Arm Control in Real Time Presentation
Serial Arm Control in Real Time Presentation
tolgahangng
 
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial Intelligence
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceAI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial Intelligence
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial Intelligence
IndexBug
 
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the  Possible with Graph - Q2 2024GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the  Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
Neo4j
 
Microsoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdf
Microsoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdfMicrosoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdf
Microsoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdf
Uni Systems S.M.S.A.
 
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptx
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxHow to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptx
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptx
danishmna97
 
20240607 QFM018 Elixir Reading List May 2024
20240607 QFM018 Elixir Reading List May 202420240607 QFM018 Elixir Reading List May 2024
20240607 QFM018 Elixir Reading List May 2024
Matthew Sinclair
 
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUHCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
panagenda
 
Mariano G Tinti - Decoding SpaceX
Mariano G Tinti - Decoding SpaceXMariano G Tinti - Decoding SpaceX
Mariano G Tinti - Decoding SpaceX
Mariano Tinti
 

Recently uploaded (20)

National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practicesNational Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
 
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
 
Introduction to CHERI technology - Cybersecurity
Introduction to CHERI technology - CybersecurityIntroduction to CHERI technology - Cybersecurity
Introduction to CHERI technology - Cybersecurity
 
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalization
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationFull-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalization
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalization
 
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of GermanyPresentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
 
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
 
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AIMind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
 
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingRemoving Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
 
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
 
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusBuilding Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
 
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?
 
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
 
Serial Arm Control in Real Time Presentation
Serial Arm Control in Real Time PresentationSerial Arm Control in Real Time Presentation
Serial Arm Control in Real Time Presentation
 
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial Intelligence
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceAI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial Intelligence
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial Intelligence
 
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the  Possible with Graph - Q2 2024GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the  Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
 
Microsoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdf
Microsoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdfMicrosoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdf
Microsoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdf
 
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptx
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxHow to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptx
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptx
 
20240607 QFM018 Elixir Reading List May 2024
20240607 QFM018 Elixir Reading List May 202420240607 QFM018 Elixir Reading List May 2024
20240607 QFM018 Elixir Reading List May 2024
 
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUHCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
 
Mariano G Tinti - Decoding SpaceX
Mariano G Tinti - Decoding SpaceXMariano G Tinti - Decoding SpaceX
Mariano G Tinti - Decoding SpaceX
 

Psychology assignment 1

  • 1. Psychology Assignment 1 (Journal) Name : Mohamad Hafizi Sidratul Muntaha Student ID : 0315470 Session : Monday (1:00pm – 4:00pm) Subject : Social Psychology Course : PSYC0103 Submission : 12th May 2014
  • 2. 2 Date : 7th April 2014 Time : 4:30pm Concept : The Illusion of Control I am a big fan of Formula 1 and I have not missed a single race last season. My favourite drive is Sebastian Vettel and he’s racing for Red Bull Racing. Every time I watch Formula 1 on the television, I always put on my Red Bull cap and T- shirt although they look ridiculous. I think of it as my ‘lucky’ shirt and cap because every time I wear it, Vettel always gets first place. The illusion is that I think it’s the shirt and cap but the reality is it’s his talent of driving the Formula 1 car.
  • 3. 3 Date : 14th April 2014 Time : 8:00pm Concept : Social facilitation The definition of social facilitation is when an individual’s effort is improved when there is competition or evaluation than having to do it alone. This shows when I was practicing my driving abilities on the go-kart. My father said I didn’t do well for my first few tasks. He then asked my friends to join in on my training. The results were amazing. My time on a lap has improved when I was with them.
  • 4. 4 Date : 15th April 2014 Time : 4:30pm Concept : Bystander effect Today was about Prosocial Behaviour: Why We Help, and Why We Don’t?, it has triggered me a past experience. It was during the last day of Ramadhan 2013, where my siblings, cousins and I decided to go to Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman to buy Baju Melayu there because it was a last minute thing and it’s very cheap there. So during the day we were stuck at a traffic jam caused by the crowd and the faulty traffic lights. While we were in standstill, we saw a male Indian person getting snatch theft by 2 Malay males on a motorcycle on the sidewalk. At first try, the snatch thieves failed because the Indian man got a hold of his sling bag and the person on the motorcycle fell off his bike. He then quickly took out a machete and swung it to the Indian man so he would let go of his bag. There were many people there but they just avoided looking and helping because they were scared. I too am guilty for just watching the man suffering on his own. The bystander effect shows that people don’t help because they feel like someone else is going to take responsibility. On the other hand, there was a police traffic but I didn’t think he saw it because he was busy doing his job. The Indian man got away unharmed but he lost his bag which might contained his personal belongings.
  • 5. 5 Date : 15th April 2014 Time : 10:00pm Concept : Extrinsic Motivation vs. Intrinsic Motivation This second semester has been really heavy for me because of the extra credit hours even though it hasn’t ended yet, and I wasn’t a fan of a couple of subjects. For the subjects that I dislike, I always like to skip class because I find it irrelevant to architecture, but I know it is. My extrinsic motivation is to face the music and just study hard for the exams and do well on my assignments so that I could get high CGPA (reward). If I fail this semester I would have to repeat the whole semester back (punishment) and it would be a waste of time and money. It too could disappoint my family and friends because they have supported me in it. On the other hand, my intrinsic motivation is that I want to be a successful architect because I’m passionate about it.
  • 6. 6 Date : 10th May 2014 Time : 8:00pm Concept : Social Cognitive Perspective I remembered in business class that Mr. Jo told the class that in some countries, buying your client lunch or anything else as treats are seen as bribing and it is a big crime and you have a possibility to go to jail. But in Malaysia it is a norm for example my parents always take their clients out for lunch and dinner to discuss about their projects. Sometimes the clients do the same thing and sent us some gifts and flowers. In this country, the situation the cognitive processes have not detected anything negative so no cognitive conditioning has occurred to link that treating your client or vice versa is a crime as in the concept of bribing.